APPENDICES. Appendix 1

Transcription

1 Corthouts, T.L., Lageson, D.R., and Shaw, C.A., 2016, Polyphase deformation, dynamic metamorphism and metasomatism of Mount Everest s summit limestone, east central Himalaya, Nepal/Tibet: Lithosphere, APPENDICES Appendix 1 Analytical conditions are provided below for (1) chemical analysis of secondary phases in South Summit samples using a JEOL-JXA 8900 microprobe at the University of Minnesota s Department of Earth Sciences; (2) chemical analysis of quartz veins in South Summit samples using a Cameca SX-100 microprobe at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville; (3) electron backscattered diffraction analysis (EBSD) using a field emission scanning electron microscope at Montana State University. (1) As provided by the Earth Science Department at the University of Minnesota, operating conditions were 40 takeoff angle, a beam energy of 15 kev, a beam current of 20 na, and a beam diameter of 5 microns. Elements were acquired using analyzing crystals LiFH for Cr k, Fe k, PETJ for Ca k, K k, Ti k, Mn k, Cl k, Ba l, TAP for Si k, Al k, Mg k, Na k, and LDE1 for F k. The standards were apatite for F k, benitoite for Ba l, chromite for Cr k, hornblende for Si k, Al k, Ca k, Mg k, ilmenite for Ti k, Fe k, scapolite for Cl k, albite for Na k, Mn-olivine for Mn k, and microcline for K k. The peak and background counting time was 20 seconds for Ca k, Cr k, Fe k, K k, Mg k, Si k, Ti k, Na k, Mn k, Al k, Cl k, Ba l, and 40 seconds for F k. The intensity data was corrected for Time Dependent Intensity (TDI) loss (or gain) using a self-calibrated correction for Na k, F k, Cl k. Unknown and standard intensities were corrected for dead time. Standard intensities were corrected for standard drift over time. Oxygen was calculated by cation stoichiometry and included in the matrix correction. The matrix correction method was ZAF or Phi-Rho-Z Calculations and the mass absorption coefficients data set was LINEMU Henke (LBL, 1985) < 10KeV / CITZMU > 10KeV. The ZAF or Phi-Rho-Z algorithm utilized was Armstrong- Love/Scott, (1988) (see Armstrong, 1988). (2) Operating conditions were 15 kev, 100 na current, with a 1 µm beam size and a peak time of 600 s. The microprobe utilized 3 spectrometers (two PET spectrometers and one LLIF), each detecting Ti k signals. Full spectrometer conditions: Sp4 PET (2d = 8.75, K = ), Sp2 PET (2d = 8.75, K = ), Sp3 LLIF (2d = , K = ). (3) EBSD automated maps were collected on a Zeiss SUPRA 55VP field emission scanning electron microscope in the Imaging and Chemical Analysis Lab (ICAL) at Montana State University. The microscope was equipped with HKL-Oxford Nordlys EBSD detector and Channel 5 acquisition software. Orientation data was acquired at 20 kv and 25 kv accelerating voltage for calcite and quartz, respectively, a beam aperture of 120 m, and in variable pressure mode at 20 Pa.

2 APPENDIX 2. RAW MICROPROBE DATA OF SECONDARY PHASES IN SOUTH SUMMIT SAMPLES Muscovite Spot # Wt % SiO TiO Al 2 O FeO MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O Cr 2 O Cl BaO F Muscovite Spot # SiO TiO Al 2 O FeO MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O Cr 2 O Cl BaO F

3 Chlorite Spot # SiO TiO Al 2 O FeO MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O Cr 2 O Cl BaO F Chlorite Spot # SiO TiO Al 2 O FeO MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O Cr 2 O Cl BaO F

4 Tourmaline Spot # SiO TiO Al 2 O FeO MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O Cr 2 O Cl BaO F Tourmaline Spot # SiO TiO Al 2 O FeO MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O Cr 2 O Cl BaO F

5 Biotite Spot # SiO TiO Al 2 O FeO MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O Cr 2 O Cl BaO F Biotite Spot # SiO TiO Al 2 O FeO MnO MgO CaO Na 2 O K 2 O Cr 2 O Cl BaO F Note : Light grey shaded columns are spot analyses with abnormally low oxide totals, these data sets were not used in normalization calculations. Dark grey shaded columns for biotite are the analyses used for Ti-in-biotite geothermometry.

6 APPENDIX 3. Ar/Ar GEOCHRONOLOGY DATA TABLE FOR MUSCOVITE IN SAMPLE EV6a CO 2 Laser Relative Isotopic Abundances (x 10-13A) Power 40 Ar 39 Ar 38 Ar 37 Ar 36 Ar (Watts) ±1s ±1s ±1s ±1s ±1s Muscovite, J = ± CO 2 Laser Derived Results Power 39 Ar Mol 39 Ar % Ca/K 40 Ar * / 39 Ar % 40 Ar * Age (Ma) (Watts) of total ±1s ±1s ± 1s Muscovite, J = ± Note: All data corrected for blanks, radioactive decay, nucleogenic interferences, mass discrimination, and detector intercalibration. Ages calculated with decay constants in Min et al. (2000), atmospheric 40 Ar/ 36 Ar= / (Lee et al., 2006) and age of / for Fish Canyon sanidine (Kuiper et al., 2008). Argon isotope data acquired by simultaneous collection of all masses on faraday collectors (40-37) and ion counter (36) with a Thermo Scientific ARGUSVI mass spectrometer.