TECORA Isostack G4 and DECS Stack Emissions Sampling. Methods for sampling emissions of Dioxins, Mercury and Heavy Metals

Transcription

1 Methods for sampling emissions of Dioxins, Mercury and Heavy Metals

2 Outline of the session: Sampling using the Standard Reference Method Continuous sampling

3 Dioxins Furans

4 What are dioxins and dioxin-like compounds? PCDDs PCDFs PCBs 7 of the 75 PCDDs are specifically toxic 10 of 135 congeners have dioxin-like properties 12 have dioxin-like properties The reference congener is the most toxic dioxin 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) which per definition has a Toxic Equivalence Factor of one. The group does NOT include 1,4 dioxin C 4 H 4 O 2

5 Sampling according to EN1948-1:2006 Determination of the Mass Concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs. Sampling of PCDDs/PCDFs EN1948 Standard reference method for emissions monitoring

6 Sampling according to EN1948-4:2007 Determination of the Mass Concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs. Sampling and analysis of dioxin-like PCBs Modified method for PCBs

7 Why monitor dioxin emissions? May be produced in emissions from Waste incinerators Cement plants Steel mills Forest fires, burning cars Dioxins are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) A suspect human carcinogens (US-EPA) Long lifetime in the environment Are difficult to break down

8 EN Sample train diagram

9 EN sample train using Isostack G4

10 EN14385 sample train with Isostack G4

11 Isostack G4 automatic isokinetic sampler with heated probe and box

12 Features of an automatic isokinetic sampler Duct survey - suggests nozzle size based upon gas velocity and temperature profile Calculates probe insertion depths based upon stack dimensions During sampling - maintains isokinetic velocity at the nozzle Alters the operator when the probe must be moved Logs sampling data

13 Stored data about the stack Time/date Stack i.d Stack Diameter Gas composition Water content Nozzle diameter # of ports and points Insertion depths

14 Stored data at each point Stack temperature max, min, average Probe temperature Heated box temperature Condenser temperature Ice box temperature DGM temperature Stack gas velocity max, min, average Stack pressure Sample line pressure Sample flow rate Isokinetic deviation Stack flow rate (actual) Stack flow rate (ref)

15 Stored data in summary Sample volume at STP Sample volume at DGM conditions Stack differential pressure Ambient pressure DGM encoder impulses DGM pressure Dry and wet actual duct flow rate Dry and wet standard flow rate

16 Report transferred as XML file that can be displayed in a spreadsheet sample of data displayed here AVERAGE VALUES Total Points [#] 13 [9.766; Velocity v'a [ m / sec ] ] [42.755; Stack temperature t a [ C] ] [ ; Stack Static Pressure P a static [kpa] ] [-1.000; Isokinetic Deviation DI [%] ] [ ; Probe temperature t probe [ C] ] [7.290; Box temperature t box [ C] ] [ ; Aux1 temperature t aux1 [ C] ] DUCT FLOW RATE [53579; Dry actual QV a [ m3 / h ] ] [113257; Moist actual Q'V a [ m3 / h ] ] [93952; Moist standard [T norm P norm ] Q'V n [ m3 / h ] ] [93013; Dry standard [T norm P norm ] QV n [ m3 / h ] ] [ ; Aux2 temperature t aux2 [ C] ] [ ; Stack Differential Pitot Pressure dp pitot [Pa] ] [ ; Ambient Pressure P amb [kpa] ]

17 Quality control of sampling systems Uncertainty of data from sampling and analysis has high uncertainty. Control of sensors in sampling systems is crucial Each instrument has UKAS traceable annual checks of DGM, pressure and temperature sensors In-house checks of sensors periodically G4 will store these corrections and recalibrations. Calibration report is exported in XML format

18 Proposed EN A standard for long-term sampling of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs. DECS systems manufactured by Tecora Dozens supplied in Europe in the last 5 years Several plants with multiple units installed France, Italy, Finland, USA Incinerators, Steel Plants, Cement Plants

19 Dioxin Emissions Continuous Sampler Control Unit Sampling Unit

20 Parallel Sampling two CU and two SU

21 Display to program settings

22 Set sampling duration or volume

23 Display during operation

24 Sidestream sampling for Hg and heavy metals

25 Summary of Tecora capabilities Automatic sampler used by stack team for QAL2 checks Comprehensive report of all sampling parameters Long term sampling of dioxins Same high standards of monitoring and reporting of sampling parameters

26 Our thanks Your questions Stefano Alberti Tecora Dominic Duggan Quantitech Visit our stand 40 and 41 to discuss your applications