LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Describe the relationship between atoms and elements.

Transcription

1 Multiple Choice 1. A pure sustnce tht cnnot e roken own into nother sustnce is known s (n).. proton. electron c. compoun. element e. isotope 2.1 Atoms n Elements LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the reltionship etween toms n elements. 2. Which element is not one of the four most common elements foun in orgnisms?. hyrogen. oxygen c. cron. helium e. nitrogen 2.1 Atoms n Elements LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the reltionship etween toms n elements. 3. The tomic numer enotes the numer of in n tom of prticulr element.. electrons. neutrons c. energy levels. protons e. isotopes 2.1 Atoms n Elements LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the reltionship etween toms n elements. 4. Isotopes of n element re ifferent from the most common stnr form ue to ifferences in the.. tomic numer. position of the element in the perioic tle c. numer of neutrons in the nucleus. numer of protons in the nucleus e. size of the electron clou c 2.1 Atoms n Elements LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the reltionship etween toms n elements. Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 1

2 5. Rioisotopes.. re unstle n emit energy n prticles to stilize themselves.. re ifferent elements from the "stnr" elements. c. re very stle n o not chnge over time.. re so unstle tht they rrely exist in nture e. exist only for cron n oxygen 2.1 Atoms n Elements LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the reltionship etween toms n elements. 6. A trcer is sustnce with wht ttche to it?. rioisotope. wter c. glucose. ion e. ntioies 2.2 PET Scnning-Using Rioisotopes in Meicine LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the use of rioisotopes in meicine. 7. Positron emission tomogrphy (PET) utilizes to yiel results of scn.. x-rys. trcers c. glucose. ion e. photons 2.2 PET Scnning-Using Rioisotopes in Meicine LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the use of rioisotopes in meicine. 8. Which sttement is true of electron shells?. The innermost shell cn hol up to two electrons.. The innermost shell is t the highest energy level. c. A shell cn hol up 20 electrons.. Lrger toms hve less electron shells. e. A secon shell with six electrons is completely fille. 2.3 Chemicl Bons: How Atoms Interct LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin how chemicl ons re forme. Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 2

3 9. Wht is the mximum numer of electrons in shell? c e Chemicl Bons: How Atoms Interct LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin how chemicl ons re forme. 10. When n tom's outer electron shell is fille, the tom is.. unstle. positively chrge c. polrize. most stle e. isotope 2.3 Chemicl Bons: How Atoms Interct LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin how chemicl ons re forme. 11. The oning of two or more toms cretes (n).. molecule. ion c. isotope. mixture e. solution 2.3 Chemicl Bons: How Atoms Interct LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin how chemicl ons re forme. 12. The lening of two or more kins of molecules is (n).. compoun. isotope c. rectnt. mixture e. chemicl on 2.3 Chemicl Bons: How Atoms Interct LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin how chemicl ons re forme. 13. If chlorine tom hs 7 electrons in its outer energy level, which of the following is true out chlorine? Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 3

4 . It is stle s it is n will not rect with other toms.. It will lose n electron uring chemicl rection. c. It hs n electron structure similr to soium toms.. It will form covlent on with soium. e. When it fills its outer electron shell, it ecomes negtively chrge ion. e 2.4 Importnt Bons in Biologicl Molecules LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the three types of chemicl ons tht occur in iologicl molecules. 14. Covlent ons.. occur when ions of opposite chrge re ttrcte to ech other. occur uring oxition rections c. re the wek link etween two wter molecules. re extremely strong n stle e. form ons tht hol N n Cl together in NCl (tle slt) 2.4 Importnt Bons in Biologicl Molecules LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the three types of chemicl ons tht occur in iologicl molecules. 15. An ion is forme.. uring covlent ons. when wter molecules re oun together c. when toms exchnge electrons. when toms shre electrons eqully e. when toms shre electrons uneqully c 2.4 Importnt Bons in Biologicl Molecules LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the three types of chemicl ons tht occur in iologicl molecules. 16. Which type of on is responsile for the linking together of two wter molecules?. hyrogen. ionic c. polr covlent. nonpolr covlent e. isotropic 2.4 Importnt Bons in Biologicl Molecules LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the three types of chemicl ons tht occur in iologicl Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 4

5 molecules. 17. Which type of on is responsile for the linking together of toms within wter molecule?. hyrogen. ionic c. polr covlent. nonpolr covlent e. isotropic c 2.4 Importnt Bons in Biologicl Molecules LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the three types of chemicl ons tht occur in iologicl molecules. 18. An tom crries no chrge ecuse it hs s mny electrons s.. protons. neutrons c. oritls. neutrinos e. shells 2.4 Importnt Bons in Biologicl Molecules LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the three types of chemicl ons tht occur in iologicl molecules. 19. How o hyrophilic molecules interct with wter?. They re ttrcte to wter.. They re sore y wter. c. They re repelle y wter.. They sor het from wter. e. They trnsfer het to wter. 2.5 Wter: Necessry for Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the chemicl properties of wter tht help support life. 20. Wht mkes wter goo solvent?. It issolves ions n polr molecules.. It issolves fts. c. It mixes well with lcohol.. It hets up very quickly. e. It is very ciic. Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 5

6 2.5 Wter: Necessry for Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the chemicl properties of wter tht help support life. 21. Wter hs high het cpcity ecuse it hs.. covlent ons. ionic ons c. low freezing point. high oiling point e. hyrogen ons e 2.5 Wter: Necessry for Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the chemicl properties of wter tht help support life. 22. A issolve sustnce in wter is (n).. solvent. solute c. ntioxint. free ricl e. ci 2.5 Wter: Necessry for Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the chemicl properties of wter tht help support life. 23. Which sttement is true of wter?. Wter molecules ttrct hyrophoic sustnces.. Wter evportes fter soring smll mounts of het energy. c. Wter s hyrogen tom is slightly negtive.. Wter molecules re polr. e. Wter s oxygen tom is slightly positive. 2.5 Wter: Necessry for Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the chemicl properties of wter tht help support life. 24. A free ricl tkes wht prticle from stle molecule?. proton. n electron c. neutron. n tom e. hyrogen ion Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 6

7 2.6 Antioxints Help Protect Cells LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin how ntioxints help protect cells. 25. A sustnce tht gives up n electron to free ricl is (n).. oxiizer. ntioxint c. ntiiotic. ntioy e. ntivirl 2.6 Antioxints Help Protect Cells LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin how ntioxints help protect cells. 26. An ci is sustnce tht ontes (n).. neutron. ntioxint c. hyroxie ion. electron e. proton e 2.7 Acis, Bses n Buffers LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the role of cis, ses, slts, n uffers in the oy. 27. A solution with ph of is consiere n ci. hs more H + thn OH - c. hs equl numers of H + n OH -. hs ph similr to mmoni e. is similr in ciity to norml oy fluis e 2.7 Acis, Bses n Buffers LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the role of cis, ses, slts, n uffers in the oy. 28. A uilup of H + in the loo will le to.. lklosis. ciosis c. excess clcium. excess cron ioxie e. higher thn norml ph ` Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 7

8 2.7 Acis, Bses n Buffers LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the role of cis, ses, slts, n uffers in the oy. 29. A system tht compenstes for ph fluctutions y onting or ccepting H + is known s (n).. ci. se c. slt. uffer e. ntioxint 2.7 Acis, Bses n Buffers LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the role of cis, ses, slts, n uffers in the oy. 30. A compoun tht contins oth cron n hyrogen is.. slt. lwys n ci c. non-iologicl. orgnic e. inorgnic 2.8 Molecules of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of iologicl molecules. 31. Ech cron tom cn shre pirs of electrons with s mny s other toms.. two. three c. four. five e. six c 2.8 Molecules of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of iologicl molecules. 32. Atoms or clusters of toms tht re covlently one to cron n influence the ehvior of orgnic compouns re known s.. ions. nhyries c. ntioxints. cis e. functionl groups e Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 8

9 2.8 Molecules of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of iologicl molecules. 33. A protein insie cells tht spees up the rte of chemicl rection is (n).. hyrocron. inorgnic compoun c. enzyme. uffer e. functionl group c 2.8 Molecules of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of iologicl molecules. 34. During n hyrolysis rection,.. covlent ons re forme. wter molecule is forme c. ons re roken. polymers re forme e. conenstion occurs c 2.8 Molecules of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of iologicl molecules. 35. The process y which the movement of internl ons converts one type of orgnic compoun into nother is.. conenstion. clevge c. functionl group trnsfer. electron trnsfer e. rerrngement e 2.8 Molecules of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of iologicl molecules. 36. The uiling lock of lrge crohyrtes is.. mino cis. glycerol c. polyscchrie. glucose e. glycogen Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 9

10 2.9 Crohyrtes: Plentiful n Vrie LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of the three types of crohyrtes. 37. During synthesis rection, glucose n fructose comine to form.. glycogen. sucrose c. strch. monoscchrie e. polyscchrie 2.9 Crohyrtes: Plentiful n Vrie LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of the three types of crohyrtes. 38. Which of the following is compose of 1:2:1 rtio of cron to hyrogen to oxygen?. crohyrte. protein c. lipi. nucleic ci e. steroi 2.9 Crohyrtes: Plentiful n Vrie LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of the three types of crohyrtes. 39. Animls store crohyrtes in the form of.. glycogen. strch c. glucose. sucrose e. lipis 2.9 Crohyrtes: Plentiful n Vrie LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of the three types of crohyrtes. 40. Plnts store lrge mounts of crohyrtes in the form of.. glycogen. strch c. glucose. sucrose e. lipis Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 10

11 2.9 Crohyrtes: Plentiful n Vrie LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of the three types of crohyrtes. 41. Which crohyrte, foun only in plnts, is inigestile y humns?. glycogen. strch c. glucose. sucrose e. cellulose e 2.9 Crohyrtes: Plentiful n Vrie LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of the three types of crohyrtes. 42. A lipi is (n).. polr hyrocron. polr peptie c. nonpolr peptie. ionic polr hyrocron e. nonpolr hyrocron e 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 43. The most unnt lipis in the oy re.. triglyceries. oils c. wxes. ftty cis e. phospholipis 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 44. Fts tht sty liqui t room temperture re.. niml fts. unsturte c. trnsftty cis. phospholipis e. cholesterol Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 11

12 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 45. Wht ft is the uiling lock for cell memrnes?. trns ftty cis. sterols c. phospholipis. triglyceries e. cholesterol c 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 46. A phospholipi molecule contins he portion tht.. is hyrophilic. is erive from cholesterol c. contins two ftty ci chins. is similr in structure to triglycerie e. forms hyrophoic rrier 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 47. Which clss of fts is use to synthesize vrious vitmins n hormones?. ftty cis. triglyceries c. phospholipis. sterols e. wxes 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 48. Proteins perform four of the following functions. They o NOT, however.. ct s enzymes. store lrge mounts of energy c. ct s trnsport molecules. in molecules to or insie cells e. just cell ctivities Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 12

13 2.11 Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. 49. The structurl uiling locks for proteins re.. enzymes. mino cis c. cholesterol. polyscchries e. vitmins 2.11 Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. 50. The type of on tht exists etween mino cis in protein is (n) on.. peptie. hyrogen c. ionic. glycosiic e. primry 2.11 Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. 51. The sequence of mino cis in protein represents its.. primry structure. seconry structure c. three imensionl shpe. tertiry foling pttern e. iologicl function 2.11 Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. 52. Which prt of the mino ci helps to etermine its chemicl properties?. mino group. croxyl group c. covlent on. peptie on e. R-group e Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 13

14 2.11 Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. 53. There re how mny ifferent types of mino cis? c e Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. 54. Wht level of protein structure is ssocite with the foling of coils n sheets to form hollow region through which sustnces cn move into n out of cells?. primry. seconry c. tertiry. quternry e. inry c 2.12 A Protein's Shpe n Function LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the reltionship etween protein's shpe n its function. 55. Which protein ins n releses oxygen molecules?. collgen. insulin c. kertin. hemogloin e. enzymes 2.12 A Protein's Shpe n Function LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the reltionship etween protein's shpe n its function. 56. A protein comine with cholesterol in the loo is n exmple of (n).. irregulr protein. lipoprotein c. glycoprotein. enture protein e. collgen Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 14

15 2.12 A Protein's Shpe n Function LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the reltionship etween protein's shpe n its function. 57. A nucleotie is compose of t lest one sugr, one phosphte group, n.. one nitrogen-contining se. one mino ci c. multiple cholesterol molecules. ftty ci chins e. ATP 2.13 Nucleoties n Nucleic Acis LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of nucleoties n nucleic cis. 58. Which nucleotie contins the sugr riose?. DNA. ATP c. RNA. camp e. UBP c 2.13 Nucleoties n Nucleic Acis LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of nucleoties n nucleic cis. 59. Which nucleotie is ssocite with energy trnsfer?. DNA. ATP c. RNA. camp e. UBP 2.13 Nucleoties n Nucleic Acis LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of nucleoties n nucleic cis. 60. Which pesticie cn trigger rshes, hives, heches n sthm?. trzine. growth hormone c. nthocynin. DDT Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 15

16 e. sterols 2.14 Foo Prouction n Chemicl Arms Rce LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the effects of the use of chemicls in foo prouction. Completion 61. Glycogen, strch n cellulose re exmples of or complex crohyrtes. polyscchries 2.9 Crohyrtes: Plentiful n Vrie LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of the three types of crohyrtes. 62. Crohyrtes consist of cron, hyrogen n oxygen in rtio of. 1:2:1 2.9 Crohyrtes: Plentiful n Vrie LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of the three types of crohyrtes. 63. In sturte fts, the ftty ci ckones hve only covlent ons. single 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 64. Phospholipis contin tils tht re repelle y wter. hyrophoic 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 65. The sterol is vitl component of ll cell memrnes n is use to synthesize steroi hormones. cholesterol 2.10 Lipis: Fts n Their Chemicl Reltives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of three types of lipis. 66. etermines the orer in which mino cis form the primry structure of protein. DNA eoxyrionucleic ci 2.11 Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 16

17 67. A peptie on is foun etween the mino group of one mino ci n the group of secon mino ci. croxyl 2.11 Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. 68. The interction of mny seprte polypeptie chins etermines the structure of protein molecule. quternry 2.11 Proteins: Biologicl Molecules with Mny Roles LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the seven iologicl roles of proteins. 69. Nucleotie-contining molecules tht move hyrogen toms n electrons from one rection site to nother re known s. coenzymes 2.13 Nucleoties n Nucleic Acis LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of nucleoties n nucleic cis. 70. DNA crries the genetic mteril while processes the genetic informtion to uil proteins in cells. RNA rionucleic ci 2.13 Nucleoties n Nucleic Acis LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the composition n functions of nucleoties n nucleic cis. Essy 71. The protein enzymes in the stomch work est in very ciic environment. As the mteril from the stomch moves into the smll intestines, the pncres must secrete lkline uffers into the smll intestines. Bse on wht you know out ph n protein structure explin why this function of the pncres is importnt to igestive function. Answer will vry, ut shoul e similr to this. Protein molecules hve specific three imensionl shpe tht etermines its function. Fctors such s temperture n ph cn ffect this shpe n thus influence protein function. The enzymes tht function in the stomch work est in n ciic environment ut those in the smll intestines work est t more sic ph. So the pncres must secrete lkline uffers into the smll intestines to neutrlize the ciity to llow the smll intestine enzymes to function properly. Bloom s: Apply 2.12 A Protein's Shpe n Function LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Explin the reltionship etween protein's shpe n its function. Mtching Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 17

18 Answer the questions y mtching the sttement with the most pproprite uiling lock.. mino cis. glucose c. glycerol. ftty cis e. nucleoties f. cholesterol Chpter 2: Chemistry of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the reltionship etween toms n elements. 72. Bsic units of glycogen 73. Bsic unit of genetic mteril e 74. Bsic units of proteins 75. Three of these sic units foun in triglyceries 76. Use to synthesize hormones n vitmins f 77. Forms the ckone of phospholipis c Answer the questions y mtching the sttement with the most pproprite on type.. hyrogen. ionic c. nonpolr covlent. peptie e. isulfie 2.4 Importnt Bons in Biologicl Molecules LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the three types of chemicl ons tht occur in iologicl molecules. 78. wek ons etween wter molecules 79. unequl shring of electrons c 80. forms quternry protein structure y linking two sulfur toms Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 18

19 e 81. ssocite with the trnsfer of electrons etween toms 82. ins mino cis within protein Answer the questions y mtching the sttement with the most pproprite term.. ion. ci c. se. uffer e. slt f. inorgnic compoun g. orgnic compoun h. functionl group i. hyrophoic Chpter 2: Chemistry of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the reltionship etween toms n elements. 83. ontes H+ 84. releses ions other thn H+ n OH- e 85. glucose is n exmple g 86. ins H+ c 87. forme when electrons re trnsferre etween toms 88. etermines specil properties of molecules h 89. oes not contin oth C n H f 90. resists ph chnges y ining n relesing H+ 91. property of phospholipi tils i Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 19

20 The following re chemicl functionl groups tht my e prt of iologiclly ctive molecule. Answer the questions y mtching the sttement with the most pproprite group.. COOH. CH3 c. NH2. OH e. CO f. PO4 2.8 Molecules of Life LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HBIO.STMC Descrie the properties of iologicl molecules. 92. mine group c 93. croxyl group 94. group tht is very ciic 95. group tht occurs repetely in lcohol n sugrs 96. methyl group 97. hyroxyl group 98. ketone group e 99. group on the mino-terminl en of proteins c 100. group on the croxyl-terminl en of proteins 101. three of these groups foun in ATP f Copyright Cengge Lerning. Powere y Cognero. Pge 20