CHIRAL SEPARATION USING THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
|
|
- Nathaniel Lindsey
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CHIRAL SEPARATION USING THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
2 Chiral Chromatography Chiral - adjective: not superimposable on its mirror image: used to describe a molecule whose arrangement of atoms is such that it cannot be superimposed on its mirror image. Enantiomers - noun: mirror-image molecule: either of a pair of molecules that are a mirror image of each other in structure but cannot be superimposed.
3 Chiral Separations An enantiomer is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superposable (not identical), much as one's left and right hands are the same except for opposite orientation. A racemic mixture, or racemate, is one that has equal amounts of left- and right-handed enantiomers of a chiral molecule. It important to resolve racemates as pharmaceutical activity is principally if not exclusively depend upon the one enantiomer or the other.
4 Diastereomer D-Threose D-Erythrose
5 As in HPLC β-cyclodextrins have approved particularly useful in the separation of mixtures of chiral compounds. These chiral-cavity type media act by allowing selective occlusion or intercalation of one enantiomer into chiral cavities in the matrix of the phase.
6 Chiral Chromatography Because of their chemical and physical similarity, enantiomers can be difficult to separate. However, they can be separated by chromatography, provided the system is also chiral. This can be achieved by the use of a chiral mobile phase, by a chiral liquid stationary phase or a chiral solid stationary phase.
7 Chiral Chromatography Mobile Phase The addition of chiral atoms to the mobile phase is one way to perform separations. If the chiral reagent form a complex of some type with one type of molecule of a pair of enantiomers, chiral separation may result.
8 Chiral Chromatography There are many solid stationary phases available. Brush type phases, cavity phases (such as cyclodextrins, crown ethers and macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics), protein phases, and ligand-exchange phases are common examples. Brush Type Stationary Phases.
9 Dual Phase TLC
10 Rod Thin-Layer Chromatography Instead of thin plates this method uses a thin layer of stationary phase coated onto small diameter quartz rods. The rods are spotted and developed in a similar manner to regular TLC plates After development and drying, the rods are automatically passed through a specially constructed flame ionization detector (FID) at a constant speed. The result is a chromatogram similar to a normal HPLC chromatogram.
11 Affinity Chromatography
12 Affinity Chromatography. Is based on the interactions between two components that are ideally suited to each other both electrostatically and spatially. One component is bonded to a solid support. The bonded component interacts with the analyte and the analytes is adsorbed from the solution. Molecules such as these do not match the ligand and are not adsorbed
13 Affinity Chromatography Affinity chromatography is the most specific chromatographic method and the separation in based on biochemical interactions such as: antigen antibody enzyme inhibitor hormone carrier
14 Affinity Chromatography Elution
15 Preparation of plates Glass plates are original support however, flexible plates have become increasingly popular. Most of commercial apparatus is designed for 20 5 or cm, and those are now regarded as standards. Plates are cleaned before preparation and it is important not to touch plates with the fingers.
16 Usually xg of adsorbent and 2x cm 3 of water is used to make slurry. If a binder is used, the time available from mixing the slurry to completion of spreading is about 4min (after which setting will have begun). Buffer solution can be used instead of water to modify the properties of the layer. Similarly fluorescent indicators or other agents can by mixed with slurry. The standard thickness is 250 μm.
17 Spreading An absolutely even layer without any lumps or gaps is required. Commercial spreaders are of two types: moving spreader and moving plate type
18
19
20 Pouring If the adsorbent is very finely divided and of homogeneous particle size, and if no binder is used, a slurry can be poured on a plate and allowed to flow over it so that it is evenly covered. Certain type of alumina can be used for pouring, but water alone is not usually suitable for making the slurry; a volatile liquid ethanol or ethyl acetate is preferable.
21 Spraying They do not seem to have nay particular advantage over spreading. Difficult to produce even layer using this method.
22 Dipping Small plates, such as microscope slide, can be spread by dipping in a slurry of the adsorbent in chloroform, or other volatile liquid. Thickness and evenness of plate not known.
CHROMATOGRAPHY. The term "chromatography" is derived from the original use of this method for separating yellow and green plant pigments.
CHROMATOGRAPHY The term "chromatography" is derived from the original use of this method for separating yellow and green plant pigments. THEORY OF CHROMATOGRAPHY: Separation of two sample components in
More informationAnalytical Technologies in Biotechnology Prof. Dr. Ashwani K. Sharma Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
Analytical Technologies in Biotechnology Prof. Dr. Ashwani K. Sharma Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee Module - 3 Chromatographic Method Lecture - 1 Introduction and Basic
More informationChapter content. Reference
Chapter 7 HPLC Instrumental Analysis Rezaul Karim Environmental Science and Technology Jessore University of Science and Technology Chapter content Liquid Chromatography (LC); Scope; Principles Instrumentation;
More informationhttps://www.chemicool.com/definition/chromatography.html
CHROMATOGRAPHY 1 Chromatography - a physical method of mixture separation in which the components to be separated are distributed between two phases, one of which is stationary (stationary phase) while
More informationChromatography. What is Chromatography?
Chromatography What is Chromatography? Chromatography is a technique for separating mixtures into their components in order to analyze, identify, purify, and/or quantify the mixture or components. Mixture
More informationChromatography Lab # 4
Chromatography Lab # 4 Chromatography is a method for separating mixtures based on differences in the speed at which they migrate over or through a stationary phase which means that a complex mixture will
More informationThin Layer Chromatography
Thin Layer Chromatography Thin-layer chromatography involves the same principles as column chromatography, it also is a form of solid-liquid adsorption chromatography. In this case, however, the solid
More informationStationary phase: Non-moving phase that provides support for mixture to move.
Chromatography For S. Y. B. Sc. Sem-IV By: Dr Vipul B. Kataria The technique was invented by Russian botanist Mikhail tswett in 1906. The word Chromatography is derived from latin language and in this
More informationChromatography. Gas Chromatography
Chromatography Chromatography is essentially the separation of a mixture into its component parts for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The basis of separation is the partitioning of the analyte mixture
More informationExperiment 1: Thin Layer Chromatography
Experiment 1: Thin Layer Chromatography Part A: understanding R f values Part B: R f values & solvent polarity Part C: R f values & compound functionality Part D: identification of commercial food dye
More informationExperiment Nine Thin Layer Chromatography
Name: Lab Section: 09 Thin Layer Chromatography Experiment Nine Thin Layer Chromatography Introduction Objective Separation of compounds from a mixture is an incredibly important aspect of experimental
More informationPAPER AND THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY (TLC)
PAPER AND THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY (TLC) Objectives Understand the principle of Paper and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Diagnose two samples of urine for Phenylketonuria and Cystinuria, using paper
More informationLEARNING OBJECTIVES CHEM 212: SEPARATION SCIENCE CHROMATOGRAPHY UNIT. Thomas Wenzel, Bates College. In-class Problem Set Extraction.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES CHEM 212: SEPARATION SCIENCE CHROMATOGRAPHY UNIT Thomas Wenzel, Bates College In-class Problem Set Extraction Problem #1 1. Devise a scheme to be able to isolate organic acids, bases
More informationPRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. Dr. P. Jayachandra Reddy Mpharm PhD Principal & professor KTPC
PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION OF CHROMATOGRAPHY Dr. P. Jayachandra Reddy Mpharm PhD Principal & professor KTPC CHROMATOGRAPHY Laboratory technique for the Separation of mixtures Chroma -"color" and graphein
More informationCHEMISTRY Unit 3, Area of Study 1: Chemical Analysis
Watch this lesson online: https://edrolo.com.au/vce/subjects/chemistry/vce-chemistry/aos-1-chemical-analysis/chromatography-hplc-glc/column-chromatography/#watch CHEMISTRY Unit 3, Area of Study 1: Chemical
More informationINSTITUTE OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY FIRST FACULTY OF MEDICINE, CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE. Chromatography. in biochemistry
INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY FIRST FACULTY OF MEDICINE, CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Chromatography in biochemistry Prof. RNDr. Věra Pacáková, CSc. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Charles University
More informationOpen Column Chromatography, GC, TLC, and HPLC
Open Column Chromatography, GC, TLC, and HPLC Murphy, B. (2017). Introduction to Chromatography: Lecture 1. Lecture presented at PHAR 423 Lecture in UIC College of Pharmacy, Chicago. USES OF CHROMATOGRAPHY
More informationAnalytical Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry Chromatographic Separations KAM021 2016 Dr. A. Jesorka, 6112, aldo@chalmers.se Introduction to Chromatographic Separations Theory of Separations -Chromatography Terms Summary: Chromatography
More informationChapter 26. An Introduction to Chromatographic Separations. Chromatography
Chapter 26 An Introduction to Chromatographic Separations Chromatography 1 Chromatography-Model as Extraction Chromatography-Model as Extraction 2 Chromatography Planar Chromatography-Types paper chromatography
More informationInstrumental Analysis II Course Code: CH3109. Chromatographic &Thermal Methods of Analysis Part 1: General Introduction. Prof. Tarek A.
Instrumental Analysis II Course Code: CH3109 Chromatographic &Thermal Methods of Analysis Part 1: General Introduction Prof. Tarek A. Fayed What is chemical analysis? Qualitative analysis (1) Chemical
More informationChromatography and Functional Group Analysis
Chromatography Chromatography separates individual substances from a mixture. - to find out how many components there are - to match the components with known reference materials - to use additional analytical
More informationChromatography Outline
Chem 2001 Summer 2004 Outline What is? The Chromatogram Optimization of Column Performance Why Do Bands Spread? Gas High-Performance Liquid Ion-Exchange 2 What is? In chromatography, separation is achieved
More informationChapter 27: Gas Chromatography. Principles Instrumentation Detectors Columns and Stationary Phases Applications
Chapter 27: Gas Chromatography Principles Instrumentation Detectors Columns and Stationary Phases Applications GC-MS Schematic Interface less critical for capillary columns Several types of Mass Specs
More informationLab.2. Thin layer chromatography
Key words: Separation techniques, compounds and their physicochemical properties (molecular volume/size, polarity, molecular interactions), mobile phase, stationary phase, liquid chromatography, thin layer
More informationnot to be republished NCERT THE technique of chromatography is vastly used for the separation, Chromatography UNIT-5 EXPERIMENT 5.
UNIT-5 Chromatography THE technique of chromatography is vastly used for the separation, purification and identification of compounds. According to IUPAC, chromatography is a physical method of separation
More informationChromatography- Separation of mixtures CHEM 212. What is solvent extraction and what is it commonly used for?
Chromatography- Separation of mixtures CHEM 212 What is solvent extraction and what is it commonly used for? How does solvent extraction work? Write the partitioning coefficient for the following reaction:
More informationIntroduction to Chromatography
Introduction to Chromatography Dr. Sana Mustafa Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Karachi. What is Chromatography? Derived from the Greek
More informationCourse goals: Course goals: Lecture 1 A brief introduction to chromatography. AM Quality parameters and optimization in Chromatography
Emqal module: M0925 - Quality parameters and optimization in is a separation technique used for quantification of mixtures of analytes Svein.mjos@kj.uib.no Exercises and lectures can be found at www.chrombox.org/emq
More informationHPLC Workshop 16 June 2009 What does this do? Chromatography Theory Review Several chromatographic techniques Even though each method utilizes different techniques to separate compounds, the principles
More informationName Period Date. Lab 10: Paper Chromatography
Name Period Date Lab 10: Paper Chromatography Objectives Known and unknown solutions of the metal ions Fe +, Cu 2+ and Ni 2+ will be analyzed using paper chromatography. An unknown solution containing
More informationInstrumental Chemical Analysis
L2 Page1 Instrumental Chemical Analysis Chromatography (General aspects of chromatography) Dr. Ahmad Najjar Philadelphia University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2 nd semester,
More informationChromatographic Methods: Basics, Advanced HPLC Methods
Chromatographic Methods: Basics, Advanced HPLC Methods Hendrik Küpper, Advanced Course on Bioinorganic Chemistry & Biophysics of Plants, summer semester 2018 Chromatography: Basics Chromatography a physical
More informationChromatographic Separation
What is? is the ability to separate molecules using partitioning characteristics of molecule to remain in a stationary phase versus a mobile phase. Once a molecule is separated from the mixture, it can
More informationProtein separation and characterization
Address:800 S Wineville Avenue, Ontario, CA 91761,USA Website:www.aladdin-e.com Email USA: tech@aladdin-e.com Email EU: eutech@aladdin-e.com Email Asia Pacific: cntech@aladdin-e.com Protein separation
More informationVolumetric Analysis. Quantitative analysis answers the second question
Volumetric Analysis Volumetric analysis is a form of quantitative analysis involving the measuring of volumes of reacting solutions, it involves the use of titrations. When buying food we often have two
More informationChromatography. Chromatography is a combination of two words; * Chromo Meaning color * Graphy representation of something on paper (writing)
Chromatography Chromatography is a combination of two words; * Chromo Meaning color * Graphy representation of something on paper (writing) Invention of Chromatography Mikhail Tswett invented chromatography
More informationSpectroscopy and Chromatography
Spectroscopy and Chromatography Introduction Visible light is one very small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The different properties of the various types of radiation depend upon their wavelength.
More informationLuminescence transitions. Fluorescence spectroscopy
Luminescence transitions Fluorescence spectroscopy Advantages: High sensitivity (single molecule detection!) Measuring increment in signal against a dark (zero) background Emission is proportional to excitation
More informationChromatography: Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) & Column Chromatography
Chromatography: Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) & Column Chromatography Part 1, p. 184: Separation of spinach pigments by TLC. (4 th Ed. P. 180) Part 2, p. 192: Separation of Fluorene and Fluorenone by
More informationThin Layer Chromatography
Experiment: Thin Layer Chromatography Chromatography is a technique widely used by organic chemists to separate and identify components in a mixture. There are many types of chromatography, but all involve
More informationCHEMICAL SEPARATION EXPERIMENT 2
CHEMICAL SEPARATION EXPERIMENT 2 INTRODUCTION The term analysis in chemistry usually refer to the quantitative and qualitative determination of the components of a sample. Qualitative refering to the identity
More informationChromatography. writing in color
Chromatography writing in color Outlines of Lecture Chromatographic analysis» Principles and theory.» Definition.» Mechanism.» Types of chromatography.» Uses of Chromatography. In 1906 Mikhail Tswett used
More informationChromatographic Analysis
Chromatographic Analysis Distribution of Analytes between Phases An analyte is in equilibrium between the two phases [S 1 ] [S 2 ] (in phase 1) (in phase 2) AS [S2 ] K 2 A S [S1 ] 1 AS, A 1 S Activity
More informationCHEM 429 / 529 Chemical Separation Techniques
CHEM 429 / 529 Chemical Separation Techniques Robert E. Synovec, Professor Department of Chemistry University of Washington Lecture 1 Course Introduction Goal Chromatography and Related Techniques Obtain
More informationLaboratory Exercise: Chromatographic Separation
CHEM 109 Introduction to Chemistry Revision 1.0 Laboratory Exercise: Chromatographic Separation As we have discussed, chromatographic separations employ a system with two phases of matter; a mobile phase
More informationChromatography & instrumentation in Organic Chemistry
Chromatography & instrumentation in Organic Chemistry What is Chromatography? Chromatography is a technique for separating mixtures into their components in order to analyze, identify, purify, and/or quantify
More informationChromatography and its applications
Chromatography and its applications Reference Introduction to chromatography theory and practice Instrumental methods of chemical analysis by H.Kaur INTRODUCTION There are many methods which have been
More informationLIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY RECENT TECHNIQUES HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography RRLC Rapid Resolution Liquid Chromatography UPLC Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography UHPLC Ultra High Pressure Liquid
More informationChromatographic Methods of Analysis Section 2: Planar Chromatography. Prof. Tarek A. Fayed
Chromatographic Methods of Analysis Section 2: Planar Chromatography Prof. Tarek A. Fayed Planar chromatography includes two types: 1- Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). 2- Paper Chromatography (PC). Thin
More informationLiquid Chromatography
Liquid Chromatography 1. Introduction and Column Packing Material 2. Retention Mechanisms in Liquid Chromatography 3. Method Development 4. Column Preparation 5. General Instrumental aspects 6. Detectors
More informationChiral Columns for enantiomer separation by HPLC
Chiral Columns for enantiomer separation by HPLC SUMICHIRAL OA columns are high-performance chiral columns for enantiomer separation by HPLC. On SUMICHIRAL OA columns direct separation of various enantiomers
More informationDownstream Processing Prof. Mukesh Doble Department Of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. Lecture - 33 HPLC
Downstream Processing Prof. Mukesh Doble Department Of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Lecture - 33 HPLC Today, we are going to talk about the HPLC. HPLC is an analytical tool, which
More informationHigh Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
High Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a form of column chromatography that pumps a sample mixture or analyte in a solvent (known as the
More informationPhysical Separations and Chromatography
Lab #5A & B: Physical Separations and Chromatography Individual Objectives: At the end of these experiments you should be able to: Ø Distinguish between Rf and tr; chromatograph and chromatogram; adsorption
More informationChiral Flash Columns
6 -I -I SFC Chiral Columns Chiral Flash/MPLC Columns -I -I Immobilized Crown ether HPLC columns for separation in acidic mobile phase SFC Chiral Columns Chiral Flash Columns CHIRAL FLASH / MPLC Columns
More informationAbstract: An minimalist overview of chromatography for the person who would conduct chromatographic experiments, but not design experiments.
Chromatography Primer Abstract: An minimalist overview of chromatography for the person who would conduct chromatographic experiments, but not design experiments. At its heart, chromatography is a technique
More informationChapter 5 Stereochemistry. Stereoisomers
Chapter 5 Stereochemistry Stereoisomers Same bonding sequence Different arrangement in space Example: OOC-C=C-COO has two geometric (cis-trans) isomers: COO COO COO COO Stereochemistry Slide 5-2 1 Chirality
More informationExperiment 1: Extraction and Thin Layer Chromatography
Experiment 1: Extraction and Thin Layer Chromatography Introduction: Chromatography is a useful tool in chemistry and can be very helpful in determining the composition of an unknown sample. In chromatography
More informationSeparations: Chromatography of M&M and Ink Dyes
Separations: Chromatography o M&M and Ink Dyes Almost all substances we come into contact with on a daily basis are impure; that is, they are mixtures. Similarly, compounds synthesized in the chemical
More informationSTEREOGENIC CENTER (Chiral Center,Asymmetric Center) Atom (usually carbon) to which 4 different groups are attached: W Z C X Y
STEREOGENI ENTER (hiral enter,asymmetric enter) Atom (usually carbon) to which 4 different groups are attached: W Z X Y Many, but not all, molecules which contain a stereogenic center are chiral. (A molecule
More informationHypersil BDS Columns TG 01-05
TG 0-0 Hypersil BDS Columns Introduction Hypersil BDS columns have gained a reputation over the years as one of the most robust, reproducible and reliable HPLC column brands available. This Technical Guide
More informationIntroduction to Chromatographic Separations
Introduction to Chromatographic Separations Analysis of complex samples usually involves previous separation prior to compound determination. Two main separation methods instrumentation are available:
More informationHandling Products. Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. SUMICHIRAL ~192
15 Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. SUMICHIRAL ------------------------------ 188~192 YMC_GC_Vol12_15_CS4.indd 187 15/09/24 9:49 15 Chiral columns for enantiomer separation by HPLC [SUMICHIRAL OA] *SUMICHIRAL
More informationMeasuring enzyme (enantio)selectivity
Measuring enzyme (enantio)selectivity Types of selectivity - review stereoisomers Stereoselective synthesis (create) vs. resolutions (separate) Enantioselectivity & enantiomeric purity Ways to measure
More informationGas Chromatography. Vaporization of sample Gas-solid Physical absorption Gas-liquid Liquid immobilized on inert solid
Gas Chromatography Vaporization of sample Gas-solid Physical absorption Gas-liquid Liquid immobilized on inert solid Principles Instrumentation Applications 18-1 Retention Volumes Volumes rather than times
More informationCh.28 HPLC. Basic types of Liquid Chromatography Partition (LLC) Adsorption (LSC) Ion Exchange (IC) Size Exclusion (SEC or Gel Chromatography)
Ch.28 HPLC 28.1 Basic types of Liquid Chromatography Partition (LLC) Adsorption (LSC) Ion Exchange (IC) Size Exclusion (SEC or Gel Chromatography) High Performance (Pressure) LC Glass column st.steel (high
More informationSeparation Techniques and Extraction methods of Phytochemicals
Separation Techniques and Extraction methods of Phytochemicals Introduction herbal medicines and the products derived from them are traditionally used for their benefits in prevention and treatment of
More informationERT320 BIOSEPARATION ENGINEERING CHROMATOGRAPHY
ERT320 BIOSEPARATION ENGINEERING CHROMATOGRAPHY CHROMATOGRAPHY Week 9-10 Reading Assignment: Chapter 7. Bioseparations Science & Engineering, Harrison, R; Todd, P; Rudge, S.C and Petrides, D,P CHROMATOGRAPHY
More informationChapter 27: Gas Chromatography
Chapter 27: Gas Chromatography Gas Chromatography Mobile phase (carrier gas): gas (He, N 2, H 2 ) - do not interact with analytes - only transport the analyte through the column Analyte: volatile liquid
More informationIntroduction to Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis
Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis Hansen, Steen ISBN-13: 9780470661222 Table of Contents Preface xv 1 Introduction to Pharmaceutical Analysis 1 1.1 Applications and Definitions 1 1.2 The
More informationDEFINITION CHROMATOGRAPHY
Chromatography DEFINITION CHROMATOGRAPHY The separation of a mixture by distribution of its components between a mobile and stationary phase over time mobile phase = solvent stationary phase = column packing
More informationCHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETER
22 CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETER 22.1 INTRODUCTION We know that the biochemistry or biological chemistry deals with the study of molecules present in organisms. These molecules are called as biomolecules
More informationCHROMATOGRAPHY A PROJECT IN CEHMISTRY. Chromatography includes various experimental techniques Designed to separate mixture of
CHROMATOGRAPHY A PROJECT IN CEHMISTRY Chromatography includes various experimental techniques Designed to separate mixture of compounds. Chromatography involves a stationary and a mobile phase. Separation
More informationCHROMATOGRAPHY, AND MASS SPECTRAL. FRACTIONS OF Lasianthus
f^ l^ltt^^p^^* V^ COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY, HPLC AND MASS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF SOME FRACTIONS OF Lasianthus lucldus Biume 8.1 Column Chromatography 8.2 HPLC 8.3 Preparatory TLC 8.4 Mass Spectral Analysis
More informationChromatographie Methods
Chromatographie Methods Fifth Edition A. BRAITHWAITE Department of Physical Sciences Nottingham Trent University and F. J. SMITH Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Paisley BLACKIE
More informationOndansetron Hydrochloride Tablets
Ondansetron Hydrochloride Tablets Dissolution Perform the test with 1 tablet of Ondansetron Hydrochloride Tablets at 50 revolutions per minute according to the Paddle method, using 900 ml of water
More informationLiquid storage: Holds the solvent which is going to act as the mobile phase. Pump: Pushes the solvent through to the column at high pressure.
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a much more sensitive and useful technique than paper and thin layer chromatography. The instrument used for HPLC is called a high performance liquid chromatograph.
More informationIsolation & Purification of Proteoglycans (PGs) and Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) PEG Trainee Lecture July 23, 2012
Isolation & Purification of Proteoglycans (PGs) and Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) PEG Trainee Lecture July 23, 2012 Most Common Extraction Procedure for PGs 4 M Guanidine-HCl Detergents such as 2% CHAPS or
More informationLUMEFANTRINUM LUMEFANTRINE
July 2008 LUMEFANTRINE: Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (July 2008) This monograph was adopted at the Forty-second WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations
More informationChapter 6. Isomers and Stereochemistry
Chapter 6. Isomers and Stereochemistry Learning objectives: 1. Differentiate chiral and achiral molecules. 2. Recognize and draw structural isomers (constitutional isomers), stereoisomers including enantiomers
More informationSTEREOGENIC CENTER (Chiral Center,Asymmetric Center)
STEREOGENI ENTER (hiral enter,asymmetric enter) Atom (usually carbon) to which 4 different groups are attached: W Z X Y Many, but not all, molecules which contain a stereogenic center are chiral. (A molecule
More informationGas Chromatography (GC)! Environmental Organic Chemistry CEE-PUBH Analysis Topic 5
Gas Chromatography (GC)! Environmental Organic Chemistry CEE-PUBH 5730-6730 Analysis Topic 5 Chromatography! Group of separation techniques based on partitioning (mobile phase/stationary phase). Two immiscible
More informationChromatography 1 of 26 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Chromatography 1 of 26 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Chromatography 2 of 26 Boardworks Ltd 2016 What is chromatography? 3 of 26 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Different instrumental methods can be used to analyse and identify
More informationSample Preparation TLC Plates
TLC PLATES TLC Plates Economical separation method High sample throughput Pilot procedure for HPLC and flash chromatography Versatile range of ready-to-use layers Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a simple,
More informationLiquid Chromatography
Liquid Chromatography 1. Introduction and Column Packing Material 2. Retention Mechanisms in Liquid Chromatography 3. Method Development 4. Column Preparation 5. General Instrumental aspects 6. Detectors
More informationHydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography: Some Aspects of Solvent and Column Selectivity
Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography: Some Aspects of Solvent and Column Selectivity Monica Dolci, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Runcorn, Cheshire, UK Technical Note 20544 Key Words Hydrophilic, HILIC,
More information4Types of Isomers. 1. Structural Isomers/(Constitutional) 2. Geometric Isomers/(Cis/Trans) 3. Optical Isomers A. Enantiomers B.
4Types of Isomers 1. Structural Isomers/(Constitutional) 2. Geometric Isomers/(Cis/Trans) 3. Optical Isomers A. Enantiomers B. Diastereomers 4Types of Isomers C 4 10 C 4 10 O O O O O O O O O O O O C 3
More informationChapter 23 Introduction to Analytical Separations
Chapter 23 Introduction to Analytical Separations Homework Due Monday April 24 Problems 23-1, 23-2, 23-7, 23-15, 23-27, 23-29, 23-32 Analytical Separations: Universal approach to analyzing complex mixtures
More informationSEPARATION OF FLURBIPROFEN AND IBUPROFEN ENANTIOMERS ON A CHIRAL STATIONARY PHASE USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
SEPARATION OF FLURBIPROFEN AND IBUPROFEN ENANTIOMERS ON A CHIRAL STATIONARY PHASE USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS John Whelan, Mickey Martin, Raquel Carvallo, Sermin G. Sunol, Aydin K. Sunol* Chemical Engineering
More informationChromatography. Intro basic terminology types Partition and Adsorption C Ion-Exchange C Gel Filtration (aka Exclusion or Molecular Sieve) C Affinity C
Chromatography Intro basic terminology types Partition and Adsorption C Ion-Exchange C Gel Filtration (aka Exclusion or Molecular Sieve) C Affinity C Extremely varied and widely used methodology for separation
More informationCHAPTER 6 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
CHAPTER 6 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY Expected Outcomes Explain the principles of gas chromatography Able to state the function of each components of GC instrumentation Able to state the applications of GC 6.1
More informationChapter 31 Gas Chromatography. Carrier Gas System
Chapter 31 Gas Chromatography GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY In gas chromatography, the components of a vaporized sample are fractionated as a consequence of being partitioned between a mobile gaseous phase
More informationUniversity of Wisconsin Chemistry 524 Introduction to Separations Methods *
University of Wisconsin Chemistry 524 Introduction to Separations Methods * This experiment is designed to introduce you to five different separation techniques: thin layer chromatography, gel permeation,
More informationChapter No. 2 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN CHEMISTRY SHORT QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS Q.1 Define analytical chemistry? The branch of chemistry which deals with the qualitative and quantitative analyses of sample
More information3. Separation of a Mixture into Pure Substances
3. Separation of a Mixture into Pure Substances Paper Chromatography of Metal Cations What you will accomplish in this experiment This third experiment provides opportunities for you to learn and practice:
More informationChromatographic Methods of Analysis Section - 4 : Ion Exchange Chrom. Prof. Tarek A. Fayed
Chromatographic Methods of Analysis Section - 4 : Ion Exchange Chrom. Prof. Tarek A. Fayed Ion Exchange Chromatography (IEC) In this type of chromatography, the solid stationary phase )organic resin) is
More informationProblem Set 7: Stereochemistry-ANSWER KEY
Problem Set 7: Stereochemistry-ANSWER KEY Chemistry 260 Organic Chemistry 1. The answer is (2). Circled isomers have a stereogenic carbon (*) and hence a stereogenic centre. C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2
More informationChromatography. Mrs. D. MEENA MPharm PA & QA KTPC
Chromatography Mrs. D. MEENA MPharm PA & QA KTPC INTRODUCTION ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Analytical chemistry involves separating, identifying and determining the relative amount of the components in a sample
More informationFall Organic Chemistry Experiment #6 Fractional Crystallization (Resolution of Enantiomers)
Suggested Reading: Fall Organic Chemistry Experiment #6 Fractional Crystallization (Resolution of Enantiomers) Jones Section 4.9 Physical Properties of Diastereomers: Optical Resolution pages 176-178 Introduction
More informationChromatography and other Separation Methods
Chromatography and other Separation Methods Probably the most powerful class of modern analytical methods for analyzing mixture of components---and even for detecting a single component in a complex mixture!
More information