nomenclature nomen name + clatura calling Download the naming reference charts today!
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1 nomenclature nomen name + clatura calling Download the naming reference charts today!
2 first we learn about binary cmpds, cmpds made of two elements there are two classes of binaries: metal/nonmetal & nonmetal/nonmetal
3 naming compounds that contain a metal and a nonmetal remember metals tend to lose e-, nonmetals gain, so... M like to be pos, NM like to be neg these get together to form binary ionic compounds
4 cation is first, anion second when naming just say their names some cations have only one charge ever (called Type I) some have more than one (Type II) as a result there are Type I cmpds and Type II cmpds
5
6 type I binary ionic compounds these are easiest; here are the rules:
7 Type I
8 quick quiz CsF cesium fluoride AlCl 3 aluminum chloride MgI2 magnesium iodide Rb2O rubidium oxide SrI2 strontium iodide
9 type II binary ionic compounds some cations can form more than one charge!!! e.g. iron can form 2+ and 3+ ions so what is the charge on the iron in iron chloride? Fe 2+ or Fe 3+? must be a way to distinguish between the two! use Roman numerals
10 Roman Empire Spy NO Spy NO Spy NO Roamin Roman Roamin Roman
11 so what is the name of FeCl 2? chloride always has a 1- charge, and there are two, so the positive guy must have a total 2+ charge, and there is only one cation so it gets the whole 2+ charge all to itself, so it must be iron(ii), so it is iron(ii) chloride love Table 4.2 (the systematic only) Major Players in Roman Empire
12 Type II
13 CuCl copper(i) chloride HgO mercury(ii) oxide examples Fe 2 O 3 iron(iii) oxide MnO 2 manganese(iv) oxide PbCl 4 lead(iv) chloride
14 summary of Type I and Type II
15
16 naming binary compounds that contain only nonmetals (Type III) Type III contain only NM! (aka molecular compounds) think prefixes! (note: water and ammonia are Type III but always keep their common names)
17
18 Type III
19 BF 3 boron trifluoride NO nitrogen monoxide examples N 2 O 5 dinitrogen pentoxide PCl 5 phosphorus pentachloride SF 6 sulfur hexafluoride SO 2 sulfur dioxide
20 naming binary compounds: a review Roman Citizen?
21 ionic molecular M/NM or NM/NM NonRoman Roman First Lastide First(X) Lastide First Lastide w/ prefixes
22
23 naming compounds that contain polyatomic ions there is another(!) type of cmpd, one that involves polyatomic ions are ions with more than one type of atom in it they act as a unit!!! gotta love Table 4.4
24 notice many have O called oxyanions most common is called root-ate (e.g. sulfate) one less O? root-ite one less than that? hypo-root-ite one more than most common? per-root-ate...
25 example ClO4 - ClO3 - ClO2 - ClO - most common perchlorate chlorate chlorite hypochlorite
26 examples Na 2 SO 4 sodium sulfate Fe(NO 3 ) 3 parentheses here mean there are 3 of what s inside. NO 33 is nonsense! iron(iii) nitrate
27 examples Mn(OH) 2 parentheses here mean there are 2 of what s inside. manganese(ii) hydroxide Na 2 SO 3 sodium sulfite
28 quick quiz 1 Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide Na3PO 4 sodium phosphate KMnO 4 potassium permanganate Co(ClO 4 ) 2 cobalt(ii) perchlorate Cu(NO 2 ) 2 copper(ii) nitrite KClO3 potassium chlorate
29 naming acids some things when dissolved in water can lose an H + right off them!!!! called acids taste sour know these! have their own name system
30
31 writing formulas from names so far we ve done formulas to names now we do reverse! bwa ha ha ha!!! M/NM? use criss-cross NM/NM? it s all in the name ACID? look it up
32 potassium hydroxide KOH sodium carbonate quick quiz Na 2 CO 3 nitric acid HNO 3 calcium chloride CaCl 2 dinitrogen pentoxide N 2 O 5 ammonium perchlorate NH 4 ClO 4
33
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