SOP0 surface measurements at M Bour, Senegal

Transcription

1 SOP0 surface measurements at M Bour, Senegal Groups involved LOA, Lille, Isabelle Chiapello, Didier Tanré, Jean-François Léon, Oleg Dubovik, Gérard Brogniez, Thierry Podvin and Frédérique Auriol ELICO, Wimereux, Pascal Flament, Karin Deboudt, Xavier Mériaux, Vincent Cornille PBDS, Lille, Aloys Bory, Viviane Bout, Deny Malengros IRD M Bour: Tamsir Diop and colleagues Field experiment in January-February 2006 Dahkla Morroco -5.95, Station located on the coast 80 km south of Dakar (IRD M Bour) Tamanrasset Algeria 5,5, 22,78 Just for AMMA Mbour Senegal -6.95,4.35 Cinzana Mali -5.9, 3.6 Agoufou Mali -.47, 5.33 Banizoumbou Niger 2.66, 3.54 Maine Soroa Niger Just for AMMA SOP Sal Island Capo Verde , 6.73 Ouagadougou Bukina Faso -.40, 2.20 Djougou Benin.58, 9.75 Illorin Nigeria 4.34, 8.32 Lamto Ivory Coast -5.33, 6.2 Zoétélé Cameroon.88, 3.25 M Bour Station IRD

2 M Bour: the IRD site and measurements 3 types of aerosol measurements performed: - Optical measurements - Physical and chemical properties - Total deposition Building with optical measurements Deposition and physico-chemical measurements Sunphotometer

3 Pyrheliometer CH. OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS (LOA) In operation from mid-january to Nov Pyranometer CM22 Pyrgeometer Eppley Tracker KZ 2 AP Lidar Cimel Sun Photometer AERONET/PHOTONS Cimel (since Dec. 996)

4 . Sunphotometer measurements during the SOP0 Aerosol events,2,0,,4 M'Bour SOP0-2006, AOT AERONET Daily averages (N>) EVENT Jan janvier Angstrom Angström ~0,8-0,9 ~ AOT_440 0,8 0,4 0,2 0,20 0,299 0,76 7 0,38 0,5 0,07 0,08 0,35 0,3 0,52 0,38 0,298 0,25 0,304 EVENT 2 Feb fevrier Angstrom ~0,9 Angström ~0.9 0,34 0,25 0,30,7 0,40,4 AERONET/PHOTONS 440 nm AOT Clear day February, 6 0,0 9/0/ /0/2006 2/0/ /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/2006 3/0/2006 0/02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/2006 0/02/2006 /02/2006 2/02/2006 3/02/2006 4/02/2006 5/02/2006 6/02/ aerosol events with Angström coefficients indicating the influence of small particles of biomass burning aerosols

5 SOP0 aerosol events as seen by OMI Ai Event January, 2 January, 22 January, AOT 440 M Bour: Event 2 February, 2 February, 3 February, AOT 440 M Bour: OMI shows that for both events most of the aerosol plume is located south of Senegal

6 SUNPHOTOMETER data during the peaks EVENT Jan. 2 EVENT 2 Feb. 3 Clear day Feb. 6 High intensity Moderate intensity Angström coeff. SSA

7 Sunphotometer size distributions and SSA Jan. 2 0,8 0,6 Feb. 3 0,4 0,08 0,2 0,07 0:2:09 0, :2:08 5:2:09 6:2:09 0,06 0,08 0,06 6:4:30 7:3:56 7:54:57 0,05 0:23:34 :23:37 5:23:36 0,04 6:23:35 0,04 0,02 0 0,0 0, ,03 0,02 6:5:2 March 9 (dust event),8 0,0,6 0 0,0 0, 0 00,4,2 0,95 0,9 0,85 0,8 0, , , , ,8 0,75 0,7 0,44 7 0,87,02 0,4 0, ,0 0, ,55 0,5 09:36:00 0:48:00 2:00:00 3:2:00 4:24:00 5:36:00 6:48:00 8:00:00 0,95 0,9 0,85 0,8 March, 0 09:30:32 09:56:9 7:0:2 0,75 0,7 0 0,2 0,4 0,8,2

8 Sunphotometer single scattering albedo (daily average) Single scattering albedo March dust event,00 0,95 0,90 2/0/ /02/ /03/2006 0,85 0,80 0, Peaks during the SOP0

9 .2. BROADBAND FLUXES AND LIDAR January October 2006 PYRANOMETER CM22/PYRHELIOMETER KIPP & ZONEN measurements of direct beam and diffuse radiation shortwave fluxes: µm every 2 mn PYRGEOMETER EPPLEY measurements of infrared downwelling fluxes longwave infrared fluxes: 4-40 µm every mn Pyrheliometer Pyranometer Pyrgeometer LIDAR 532 nm CIMEL (0 - ~4 km) Vertical profil of aerosols (resolution 5m) serie of 0 profils ( mn, 60 shots) / ½ hour (day and night)

10 LIDAR (Lnpr2) and fluxes for the 2 aerosol events cirrus Lower aerosol layer (~000m) clouds Aerosol layer m Feb. 3, 2006 Jan. 2, 2006 Direct-beam flux Diffuse flux Retrieval of Aerosol Optical Thicknes (AOT) (0.3-3 µm) from the direct flux Diffuse flux gives information on (AOT x w0) w0

11 Lidar profiles for the aerosol events SOP0 Aerosol event (Jan. 2-23) SOP0 Aerosol event 2 (Feb. 2-4) Aerosol mostly in altitude for the 2 SOP0 events Very deep low level dust layer in March Dust event March 2006

12 2. MEASUREMENTS OF AEROSOL PHYSICO- CHEMICAL PROPERTIES General view of the system in operation IRD M Bour PIP «Aerosol Physic» PIP «Aerosol chemistry» PM0; 2 to 24h of sampling

13 Aerosol physic Particles counter TSI size range 0 (50 nm) µm /20 mn Granulometer MALVERN (6. stages in the range µm) /5 mn Nephelometer Ecotech (625 nm) / mn Aethalometer Mac Gee (370, 470, 520, 590, 660, 880 et 950 nm) /5 mn Aerosol chemistry 6 lines PM0 Impactor DEKATI for MEB/RX analysis Total carbon load, organic and watersoluble Elemental conc. (Si, Al, Fe, Ti, Ca, Mg, Na, K) and traces (Pb, Zn) Water-soluble fraction (Na, K, Ca, Mg, sulfates, chlorures, ) Isotopic composition of iron Iron speciation (LISA) 2 lines PM2

14 Lines for aerosol chemistry Filters preparation

15 Physical measurements Particles counter TSI Granulometer MALVERN Aethalometer Nephelometer

16 440 nm AOT,2,0 0,8 0,4 0,2 0,0,,4 0,76 0,299 0,20 Summary of aerosol chemistry in M Bour 7 M'Bour SOP0-2006, AOT AERONET Daily averages (N>) 28 janvier 2-23 janvier Angstrom ~0,8-0,9 0,52 3 février fevrier Angstrom ~0,9 AOT_440 février ~6 days of measurements (January, 30 February,4) Late start for the st aerosol event, but ok for the 2 nd 0,38 0,5 0,07 0,08 0,35 0,3 0,38 0,298 0,25 0,304 0,34 0,25 0,3 0,7 0,4 0,4 Chemical analysis should be fully achieved by early /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/2006 3/0/2006 0/02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /02/2006 0/02/2006 /02/2006 2/02/2006 3/02/2006 4/02/2006 5/02/2006 6/02/2006 Start of sampling Al and Evolution C total evolution comparée de during Al (carrés) the et C M Bour (losanges) SOP-0 C total : Black carbon + organic carbon no intense peak in dust and carbon at ground during the period: aerosol layer mostly in altitude? Concentration (µg/m3) 30-janv. 3-janv. 0-fev 02-fev 03-fev 04-fev 05-fev 06-fev 07-fev 08-fev 09-fev 0-fev -fev 2-fev 3-fev 4-fev Date 2/0/ /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/ /0/2006 9/0/ /0/2006

17 3. TOTAL DEPOSITION MEASUREMENTS Start on January, systems Start on Jan meters 24h of sampling during the SOP0 collector continued sampling until end of May 2006 (24h to weekly)

18 Objectives Characterization of mineralogical and isotopic signatures of mineral dust as a function of their origin Paleoclimatological implications Analysis - Mineralogical composition - Elemental composition - Isotopes of Sr and Nd (Pb) Problem of local contribution? to be quantified

19 Conclusions of SOP0 at M Bour Good conditions thanks to collaboration with IRD Aerosol event of Feb. 3 of moderate intensity was probably a mixture of dust + BB The period of measurements for aerosol physical and chemical properties was a bit too short Optical and deposition measurements have been continued (beautiful dust event in March, 2006) A post-doc will make work progress at LOA on the link between in-situ, optic and satellite measurements during the SOP0 (Yevgeny Derimian,CNES, Dec. 2006)

20 M'BOUR M Bour, Jan-March 2006 Dust event March 2006,4 3,0 0,2 2-0,2 0 /0/2006 2/0/2006 3/0/2006 0/02/ /02/ /03/2006 2/03/ /03/2006 0/0/2006 March 8, 2006 MODIS true color composite images constructed directly from the MODIS LevelB data, Louis Gonzales, LOA AOT 440nm Angstrom coefficient March, 9 AOT 44 =2.53 Angström=0.06 SSA 44 =0.95

21 3 A dust event recorded by several AERONET/PHOTONS sites SAL ISLAND CAPE CAPE VERDE,4 NIGER MAINE-SOROA NIGER,0 3,4 AOT 440nm 2 0,2 Angstrom coefficient AOT 440nm 2,0 Angstrom coefficient 0 0/0/06 /0/06 2/0/06 3/0/06 0/02/06 20/02/06 02/03/06 2/03/06 22/03/06-0,2 0,2 SENEGAL DAKAR 0 0/0/06 /0/06 2/0/06 3/0/06 0/02/06 20/02/06 02/03/06 2/03/06 22/03/06 BANIZOUMBOU NIGER -0,2 3,4 4,4 AOT 440nm 2,0 Angstrom coefficient 3 MALI CINZANA MALI,4 AOT 440nm 3 2,0 Angstrom coefficient 0 0/0/06 /0/06 2/0/06 3/0/06 0/02/06 20/02/06 02/03/06 2/03/06 22/03/06 0,2-0,2 AOT 440nm 2 Angstrom coefficient 0 0/0/06 /0/06 2/0/06 3/0/06 0/02/06 20/02/06 02/03/06 2/03/06 22/03/06 0,2-0,2 0,2 0-0,2 0/0/06 /0/06 2/0/06 3/0/06 0/02/06 20/02/06 02/03/06 2/03/06 22/03/06 AGOUFOU MALI 4,4 3 AOT 440nm 2 Angstrom coefficient 0,2 0 0/0/06 /0/06 2/0/06 3/0/06 0/02/06 20/02/06 02/03/06 2/03/06 22/03/06-0,2