Winter and Spring Turf Weed Management

Transcription

1 Winter and Spring Turf Weed Management Mar 26, 2010 L. S. Warren ( )

2 Turf Weed Management Topics 1. Winter Weed Control Annual bluegrass POST Various broadleaves POST 2. Summer Weed Control Crabgrass PRE or POST Goosegrass PRE or POST

3 Postemergence Annual Bluegrass Control in Fescue February, March or April options??? You re out of luck!!!

4 Postemergence Annual Bluegrass Control in Bermudagrass February, March or April options??? Roundup (glyphosate) 1 to 2 pt or Sulfonylurea Herbicides Katana 3 oz; Monument 0.33 oz; Tranxit 1 oz Nonionic surfactant needed at 0.25% Revolver 1.09 pt (no surfactant needed)

5 Mar 8, 2004 (8 WAT) Apr 7, 2004 (12 WAT) May 4, 2004 (16 WAT) Roundup Pro 1 pt/a (no residual activity)

6 Roundup 1 pt/acre Monument 75WG 0.47 oz/acre May 4, 2004 (16 WAT)

7 Katana + NIS (not for home use) 0.25 to 1 oz/a % with and without urea Apr 28, 2009 (7 WAT) 3 oz/a needed for control!!!!!

8 Katana + NIS 3 oz/a % Applied Nov Photo Apr

9 Tranxit + NIS (not for home use) 1 oz/a % Applied Nov Photo Apr

10 Revolver 1.09 pt/a Applied Nov Photo Apr Monument + NIS 0.56 oz/a % Applied Nov Photo Apr

11 Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Control in Tall Fescue February, March or April timings??? - Should be safe now even if fall overseeded - Fall timings ideal if fescue is established, but now is okay usually (henbit can be difficult) - Many herbicides available (2,4-D, mecoprop, dicamba, triclopyr, fluroxypyr, sulfentrazone, carfentrazone) - Dupont: Imprelis (aminocyclopyrachlor)

12 % Control Henbit Control averaged over Millenium Ultra qt Escalade qt Trimec Classic qt Confront 1-2 pt Coolpower qt 20 0 Rates are product per acre, averaged across formulations, locations, years.

13 Trimec Classic 3.5 pt/a: Apr 11, 2005 (4 WAT)

14 Check Escalade 2 4EC 3 pt/a Applied Photo

15 Check Imprelis 2SL 3 fl oz/a Applied Nov 5, 2010 Photo Jan 14, 2011

16 Imprelis Labeled in 2010 Cool-season turfgrass species are tolerant Tall fescue (can apply at any growth stage!!) Kentucky bluegrass Perennial ryegrass Not recommended in warm-season turf Possibly dormant applications zoysia>bermuda>centipede>st. Augustine

17 Imprelis Absorption and translocation Systemic, phloem and xylem mobile, absorbed by roots and leaves Translocated throughout plant, accumulates in meristematic regions Foliar and residual control of perennial and annual weeds Average soil half-life of d

18 90%+ Control with Imprelis Dogfennel Buckhorn plantain Curly dock Broadleaf plantain Carolina geranium Bracted plantain Dichondra Florida pusley Purple cudweed Facelis White clover Brazilian catsear Hop clover Wild violet Henbit Goldenrod Purple deadnettle Broadleaf pink purslane Common lespedeza Hairy buttercup Common chickweed Lawn burweed Common dandelion Dollarweed Horseweed Virginia buttonweed Annual blue-eyed grass Florida betony Little mallow Mock strawberry

19 50-90%+ Control with Imprelis (Sequentials needed) Parsley-piert (if just germinating in fall - cotyledon) Carpetgrass (regrowth) Smooth crabgrass (if very young) Corn speedwell (not figured correct timing yet!) possibly a 3 wk sequential initiated in the fall, not spring Erratic Weed Control Due to Severe Drought Conditions Prostrate spurge Carpetweed

20 0% Control with Imprelis No injury symptoms to mouseear chickweed, parsley-piert and yellow woodsorrel (0% control) Slight to moderate injury symptoms to corn speedwell, wild garlic and wild radish but little to no actual control (possibly benefit from timely sequential application?)

21 Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Control in Bermudagrass February, March or April timings??? - Henbit easily controlled with sulfonylureas - Many herbicides available (2,4-D, mecoprop, dicamba, triclopyr (low rates with other actives), fluroxypyr, sulfentrazone, carfentrazone) - Bayer: Celsius WG labeled in 2010

22 Thiencarbazone + Iodosulfuron + Dicamba (68WG) Use on bermuda, zoysia, centipede and St. Augustinegrass Controls crabgrass, foxtail, bahiagrass, bull paspalum and many broadleaf weeds Overseed ryegrass 2 week after application Apply 30 days prior to seeding bermuda or zoysia or wait 2 to 3 weeks after seedling or sprig emergence to apply

23 Mode of action Celsius WG Acetolactate synthase (ALS inhibitor may slowly turn some plants reddish-purple before death) Synthetic auxin growth regulation (twist and curl some weeds like 2,4-D injury symptoms Provides post-emergent control of over 150 weeds in warm-season turf Pre-emergent (residual) control up to 60 days on some weeds

24 Celsius WG Turf safety St. Augustinegrass Floratam, Palmetto, Bitter Blue, Amerishade, Raleigh, Sapphire, Delmar Bermudagrass Tifway 419, Common, Tifsport, Discovery, Celebration, Sahara Centipedegrass Tifblair Zoysiagrass Meyer, Empire, Crown, Palisades, Cavalier, Zorro, DeAnza, Zenith Golf, sod production, residential, commercial properties, sports facilities, roadsides

25 Celsius WG Applications Rates: 2.5, 3.7, or 4.9 oz/a Maximum use rate of 7.4 oz/a annually 2.5 oz/a applied 3 times, 2-4 wks apart 3.7 oz/a applied 2 times, 2-4 wks apart 4.9 fb 2.5 oz/a, 2-4 wks apart Non-ionic surfactant or methylated seed oil improves control

26 Celsius WG Applications Mix with Quicksilver (carfentrazone - PPO) or Octane (pyraflufen ethyl - PPO) to increase speed of control in periods of cool weather. Best results when average daily temp. > 60 F Reduced risk of significant phytotoxicity with applications made at high temperatures Larger application window for control

27 Celsius WG Symptoms Broadleaf weeds Chlorotic appearance in 7-14 days Necrosis followed by death at days Grass weeds Turn red/purple in 7 days Necrosis followed by death at days If the weed is not controlled in days, a second application may be necessary

28 Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Control in Fescue and Bermudagrass February, March or April timings??? New Herbicides 4-Speed 3L Speed XT 2.9L T-Zone 2.5L Solitare 75WG Blindside 66WG Square One 70WG

29 4-Speed 3L 2,4-D (38%) + MCPP (6.3%) + dicamba (2.5%) + pyraflufen (0.06%) Nufarm Trimec + Pyraflufen-ethyl = Octane Controls: Dandelion, Buckhorn plantain, Oxalis, Chickweed, White clover + others. Golf course, cemeteries, parks, sports fields, lawns, sod, others Bahia, bluegrass, bermudagrass, fescue, ryegrass, and zoysiagrass = 3 to 4 pts/acre Bentgrass = 1.8 pts/acre

30 4-Speed XT 2.9L 2,4-D (42%) + triclopyr (4.8%) + dicamba (3.5%) + pyraflufen (0.07%) Nufarm Pyraflufen-ethyl = Octane Controls: Wild violets, Ground ivy, Dandelion, Oxalis, Chickweed, White clover + others. Golf course, cemeteries, parks, sports fields, lawns, sod, others Bahia, bluegrass, bermudagrass, fescue, ryegrass, and zoysiagrass = 3 to 4 pts/acre Bentgrass = 1.8 pts/acre, expect slight yellowing for about 1 week

31 T-Zone 2.5L Triclopyr (8.4%) + sulfentrazone (0.73%) + 2,4-D (32%) + dicamba (2.4%) PBI/Gordon Corporation Controls many tough weeds such as Wild Violets Yellow Nutsedge suppression Ground Ivy Oxalis Black Medic All cool-season turfgrasses, Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, & bahiagrass.

32 Sulfentrazone + Quinclorac (75WG) 25% + 50% FMC Tolerant to bermudagrass, centipedegrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, as well as tall fescue, Ky. bluegrass and perennial ryegrass Rate: 1 to 2 lb/a with no spray adjuvant needed After treatment, wait 1 month to reseed, overseed or sprig Establish sod for 3 months and wait 3 month before harvest Controls crabgrass, 1-4 lf goosegrass, foxtail, yellow nutsedge, kyllinga species and broadleaf weeds Some pre activity

33 Metsulfuron (6%) + Sulfentrazone (60%) 66WDG FMC Corporation Residential, commercial lawns, athletic fields, sod farms golf course fairways and roughs Bermuda, zoysia, centipede, St. 6.5 to 10 oz/acre Kentucky bluegrass & tall fescue at 3.25 to 6.5 oz/acre Controls many broadleaves, wild garlic, yellow nutsedge, sedge and kyllinga species, foxtail + others Wait 1 month after applying to reseed or sprig and wait 6 to 8 weeks to overseed perennial ryegrass; wait 3 months for sod establishment before applying

34 Carfentrazone (3.9%) + Quinclorac (66.1%) 70WDG FMC Corporation Residential, commercial lawns, athletic fields, sod farms golf course fairways and roughs Warm-season turf except St. 12 to 18 oz/acre Most cool-season turfgrasses at 8 to 12 oz/acre Controls broadleaves, yellow nutsedge, crabgrass, foxtail + others Can be applied 1 day prior or 7 days after seeding.

35 Preemergence Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control in Fescue Lots of choices: Apply now through early March 1. Usually advantageous to split applications at 6 to 8 wk intervals if using DNA herbicides (benefin, oryzalin, prodiamine, pendimethalin) or Dimension 2. If fall seeded, prodiamine may be safest on immature fescue roots

36 % Control Smooth Crabgrass Control in Tall Fescue LSD ( P =.05) Single - Full Rate Split - Half Rate 2X Barricade 65WG [3] Barricade 4F [3] Dimension 1EC [4] Dimen. Ultra 40WP [4] Pre-M 60DF [3] Pendulum 3.3EC [3] Pend. Aqua Cap [3] Pendulum 2G [3] Surflan 4F [3] Team Pro 0.86G [3+3] Check (175 DAIT) Trt Dates: Mar 11 and May 9

37 % Control Application Effects on Smooth Crabgrass : Wesleyan College Rocky Mt One Application 60 b a Two Applications 0 September

38 % injury Tolerance of fall-seeded tall fescue to PRE herbicides with single applications 100 Barricade 0.75 lb Dimension 0.5 lb Pendulum 3 lb Ronstar 3 lb seeded Oct 10 seeded Oct 16 seeded Oct 30 Team 3 lb LSD=15.7 LSD=16.5 LSD=21.3 Barricade - 65WG, Dimension - 1EC, Pendulum - 3.3EC, Ronstar - 2G, Team - 2G. Treatments applied March 11, Evaluations taken May 27.

39 % injury Tolerance of fall-seeded tall fescue to PRE herbicides with split applications Barricade 0.5 fb 0.25 lb Dimension 0.25 fb 0.25 lb Pendulum 1.5 fb 1.5 lb Ronstar 2 fb 1 lb seeded Oct 10 seeded Oct 16 seeded Oct 30 LSD=15.7 LSD=16.5 LSD=21.3 Team 1.5 fb 1.5 lb Barricade - 65WG, Dimension - 1EC, Pendulum - 3.3EC, Ronstar - 2G, Team - 2G. Initial trts applied March 11, 1996; sequentials applied May 6. Evaluations on May 27.

40 Preemergence Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control in Bermudagrass Lots of choices: Apply now through early March 1. Usually advantageous to split applications at 6 to 8 wk intervals if using DNA herbicides (benefin, oryzalin, prodiamine, pendimethalin) or Dimension 2. Bayer: Specticle 20WSP (indaziflam)

41 Specticle 20WSP Controls crabgrass, goosegrass, annual bluegrass, foxtails, ryegrass, barnyardgrass Broadleaf spectrum similar to DNA & triazine herbicides doesn t stain like DNAs Cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor (alkylazine herbicide family) Use on warm-season turfgrasses only Long soil residual (overseeding concerns) Labeled in 2010; sold as water soluble packets

42 Specticle 20WSP Acceptable Turf Sites Golf course turf not putting greens Sod farms Sports fields Home and commercial lawns Parks Cemeteries

43 Specticle 20WSP Tolerant turf species Max. single rate (oz/a) Centipedegrass 2.5 St. Augustinegrass 2.5 Bermudagrass 5 Zoysiagrass 5 Seashore paspalum 5 Buffalograss 5 Bahiagrass 5

44 Specticle 20WSP Specific use rates (oz/a) Crabgrass spp. 2.5 to Goosegrass 3.75 to 5 Annual bluegrass 2.5 to 3.75 Annual sedge 3.75 to 5 Broadleaf weeds 2.5 to 5 Also controls barnyardgrass, foxtail spp., ryegrass spp., green kyllinga Also has early POST activity

45 Specticle 20WSP General Use: 2.5 oz/a for a single application Do not exceed 5 oz/a for a single application Do not exceed 7.1 oz/a per calendar year Do not apply to newly seeded turf (<1-yr establishment).

46 Specticle 20WSP Restrictions and Comments Stay 25 away from bodies of water Stay 15 away from susceptible turf species Sprigs: If spray first, sprig 2 months later If sprig first, spray 4 months later Sod: If spray first, sod 4 months later If sod first, spray 2 months after growth

47 Specticle 20WSP Rate (oz/a) Overseeding Intervals months months months months

48 Specticle 20WP 5 oz/a Applied Mar 9, 2010 Specticle 20WP 2.5 oz/a Applied Apr 22, 2010 Smooth crabgrass Nontreated Photo Jun 10, 2010

49 Specticle 20WP 2.5 oz/a Applied Mar 8, 2010 Photo Aug 19, 2010 Goosegrass

50 Check Photo Aug 19, 2010 Goosegrass

51 Specticle 2.5 oz/a Applied Sep 15, 2009 Specticle 3.75 oz/a Applied Sep 15, 2009 Nontreated Photo Apr 12, 2010 Annual bluegrass

52 Postemergence Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control in Fescue Tenacity (mesotrione) Acclaim Extra (fenoxaprop) Apply to seedling or early tillering plants for best chance for success (late Apr, May, early Jun) Bermuda homeowners: no herbicide available that will control both weeds at once

53 Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control fenoxaprop (Acclaim Extra) Perennial rye., fescues, zoysia, not bermuda! 0.75 to 2.5 pt/acre 2 apps 14 days apart

54 Acclaim Extra 0.57EC Annual Grass fl oz/a Comments 1 to 2 leaf 3.5 for multiple appls in bentgrass Untillered 9 for tank-mixing with Pre s Untillered 13 1 to 2 tiller 20 3 to 4 tiller 28 do not exceed 28 oz to Ky. bluegrass or zoysiagrass 4 to 5 tiller 39 do not exceed 39 oz to fescue or ryegrass species

55 Bleacher Syngenta Use on golf courses (not greens), sod farms, home lawns Tolerant to St. Augustine, centipede, tall and fine fescue, Ky. bluegrass and perennial ryegrass Rate: 4 to 8 fl oz/a twice 2 to 3 weeks apart; add NIS at 0.25% v/v for enhanced control Tankmix with Barricade 65WG for extended PRE control Safe to apply at seeding of tolerant grasses except for fine fescue If grasses already germinated, wait 4 weeks or until two mowings before application

56

57 Tenacity 8 fl oz/a Applied May 15 Check Jun 12, 2006

58 Post Crabgrass Control in Bermudagrass and / or Fescue Generally target Apr through Jun for application Drive XLR8 1.5SL, Onetime 2.45SL, Q4 1.54L and Quincept 1.875SL: crabgrass only, broadleaves Solitaire 75WG: crabgrass and 1-4 lf goosegrass, yellow nutsedge and kyllinga species, broadleaves All these products contain quinclorac Q4 and Quincept for fescue only

59 BASF Drive XLR8: Better control of 4 to 8 tillered crabgrass? Use on tall fescue, zoysiagrass, bermudagrass, Ky. bluegrass, seashore paspalum, ryegrass and bentgrass fairways with good soil moisture conditions Controls crabgrass, signalgrass, foxtail, clover, dandelion, corn speedwell (no goosegrass control!) Apply before 2 nd tiller or to mature grasses (2 to 4 tillers not recommended) Rate: 0.5 gallon/a pt/a MSO for Drive XLR8 1.5SL 1 lb/a pt/a MSO for Drive 75DF

60 Drive XLR8 + MSO 2 qt/a pt/a Applied Jun 2, 2010: Photo Jun 7, 2010

61 BASF Quinclorac 1.5 lb + MCPP 0.75 lb + Dicamba 0.20 lb/gal Use on species of bermudagrass, bluegrass, fescue and ryegrass as well as creeping bentgrass, seashore paspalum and zoysiagrass. Controls crabgrass, signalgrass, foxtail and broadleaf weeds Rate: 0.68 to 2 qt/a + MSO at 1.5 pt/a. Allow 28 days of seedling or sprig growth before treatment If sprayed first, wait 28 days before seeding or sprigging Use low rate split 30 days apart on creeping bentgrass

62 Q4 1.54L PBI-Gordon Quinclorac + Sulfentrazone + 2,4-D amine + Dicamba Cool season turf only (ryegrass, fescue) Rate: 7 to 8 pt/a on crab, signalgrass, foxtail, broadleaves Apply to seedlings after 2 nd or 3 rd mowing or 28 days after emergence Spray 3 to 4 weeks after sodding, sprigging or plugging Can seed 4 weeks after application Quincept 1.875SL Nufarm Americas Quinclorac + 2,4-D amine + Dicamba Cool season turf only Rate: 7 to 8 pt/a on crab, signalgrass, foxtail, broadleaves Apply to seedlings after 3 rd mowing Spray 3 to 4 weeks after sodding, sprigging or plugging

63 Post Goosegrass Control in Bermudagrass and / or Fescue Generally target Apr through Jun for application Dismiss (sulfentrazone) Revolver (foramsulfuron) Apply separately or possibly tankmix

64 Goosegrass Control Only sulfentrazone (Dismiss 4F) lb ai (4 oz) tall fescue 0.25 lb ai (8 oz) perennial bluegrass and warm season turf except bermuda and St. Augustine lb ai (12 oz) bermuda and St. Augustine (Control in 1 to 4 leaf stage - small!)

65 Goosegrass Control Only foramsulfuron (Revolver 0.19SC) Tolerance to bermudagrass and zoysiagrass 2 applications at 6 to 21 day intervals 17.4 to 26.2 fl oz/a (0.4 to 0.6 f oz/m) Can use low rate if 1 to 3 leaf goosegrass but may need a third application - apply 3 rd application before re-tillering of new growth

66 Dismiss 8 fl oz/a Applied May 26 Check Aug 18, 2010

67 Revolver 1.09 pt/a Applied May 26 Dismiss 12 fl oz/a Applied May 26

68 Dismiss + Revolver 8 fl oz/a pt/a Applied May 26 Revolver fb Revolver 1.09 pt/a May 26 and Jun 6

69 Check Photo Aug 4 (9 WAIT) Revolver 1.09 pt/a Jun 4, Jun 29, Jul