Late Winter to Early Summer Turf Weed Control Options. L. S. Warren Jr North Carolina State University

Transcription

1 Late Winter to Early Summer Turf Weed Control Options L. S. Warren Jr North Carolina State University

2 January March April June July September October - December

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7 Wild Garlic Perennial, hollow stems Germinates late summer, early fall Control Feb-Mar when mild 2,4-D amine Many formulations 3 qt/acre + surfactant Bermuda, fescue, ryegrass Treat for 2 years Image LC 1.3 to 2.7 pt/acre + surfactant Bermuda, centipede, zoysia Apply before spring greenup

8 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds Dandelion Dock / Plantain sp. Ground ivy India mock strawberry White clover Wild violet Yellow woodsorrel Carolina geranium Hairy bittercress Henbit Chickweed species Speedwell species Lawn burweed Field pansy Hop clover

9 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Trimec (several formulations) Lesco Three-Way Formula II 33 Plus Weed-B-Gon labeled in fescue, bermuda, perennial ryegrass all contain 2,4-D + mecoprop + dicamba

10 Alternative Herbicide Chemistry 1980 s - 90 s Contain no 2,4-D and / or dicamba Less off target concerns to sensitive plants (tobacco, cotton)

11 Alternative Herbicide Chemistry 1980 s - 90 s 2,4-D + mecoprop + dichlorprop (Weedestroy Triamine and Triester) mcpa + mecoprop + dichlorprop (Weedestroy Triamine II and Triester II) mcpa + triclopyr + dicamba (Horsepower - amine; Cool Power - ester) triclopyr + clopyralid (Confront)

12 2002: Carfentrazone-ethyl EPA considers a reduced-risk pesticide Low human health risk Low non-target organism toxicity Low ground water contamination potential Low use rates Low pest resistance potential Compatible with IPM or are biopesticides

13 2002: Newly Registered Turf Herbicides Power Zone (2.91EC) Speed Zone (2.2EC) Speed Zone (0.81EC) PBI-Gordon Corporation

14 Power Zone (2.91EC) Carfentrazone + mcpa ester + mcpp + dicamba lb / gal 0.75 to 2.2 fl oz / to 6 pt / acre to lb ai / acre

15 Power Zone (2.91EC) Tolerant Turfgrasses Annual and perennial bluegrass Annual and perennial ryegrass Tall and fine fescue Common and hybrid bermudagrass Zoysiagrass

16 Speed Zone (2.2EC) Carfentrazone + 2,4-D ester + mcpp + dicamba lb / gal 0.75 to 1.8 fl oz / to 5 pt / acre 0.55 to lb ai / acre

17 Speed Zone (2.2EC) Tolerant Turfgrasses Annual and perennial bluegrass Annual and perennial ryegrass Tall and fine fescue Creeping and colonial bentgrass Common and hybrid bermudagrass Zoysiagrass

18 Speed Zone (0.81EC) Carfentrazone + 2,4-D ester + mcpp + dicamba lb / gal 0.75 to 2.2 fl oz / to 6 pt / acre to lb ai / acre

19 Speed Zone (0.81EC) Tolerant Turfgrasses Annual and perennial bluegrass / ryegrass Tall and fine fescue Creeping and colonial bentgrass Common and hybrid bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, Bahiagrass, St. Augustinegrass, kikuyugrass, Seashore paspalum, centipedegrass

20 Speed Zone (2.2EC), Speed Zone (0.81EC) and Power Zone (2.91 EC) Labeled in ornamental turf, golf courses, lawns, sod farms, cemeteries and parks May apply 3 to 4 weeks after sodding, sprigging or plugging

21 Speed Zone (2.2EC), Speed Zone (0.81EC) and Power Zone (2.91 EC) Optimum results when applied between 45 F and 75F and can be applied up to 90 F Use lower rates in cooler conditions Rainfast within 3 hours and may reseed after 2 weeks Provides quicker burndown of weeds than 2- or 3-way herbicides because of carfentrazone

22 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds: Poa annua metribuzin (Sencor 75 Turf) 0.67 lb/acre chickweed sp., henbit, lawn burweed, corn speedwell glyphosate (Roundup Pro, Touchdown Pro) 1 pt/acre % v/v nonionic surfactant Dormant nonoverseeded bermuda only!

23 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds: Poa annua Metribuzin and glyphosate: are there disadvantages? Weeds present since Oct Nov of previous year Dead carcuses can remain for weeks or months If thick weed stands, bermudagrass can be slow to greenup or fill in due to competition

24 % Greenup Tifway 419 Bermudagrass Delay in Greenup Roundup Pro Touchdown Pro Nontreated WAT 4 WAT 6 WAT 8 WAT 12 WAT 1 pt/acre of Roundup Pro or Touchdown Pro applied mid March, 2001

25 % Greenup El Toro Zoysiagrass Delay in Greenup Roundup Pro Touchdown Pro Nontreated WAT 4 WAT 6 WAT 8 WAT 12 WAT 1 pt/acre of Roundup Pro or Touchdown Pro applied mid March 2001

26 Crabgrass sp. and Goosegrass (Preemergence Control) Apply during forsythia bloom Single or split applications (Half rates 8 weeks apart) Many Available Products benefin (Balan) benefin + trifluralin (Team Pro) bensulide (Betasan) dithiopyr (Dimension / Ultra) oxadiazon (Ronstar G) pendimethalin (Pre-M) prodiamine (Barricade 65WG)

27 Crabgrass sp. and Goosegrass Preemergence Control Athletic Fields and High Traffic Areas Avoid dinitroaniline herbicides Balan, Team Pro, Pre-M, Barricade 65WG Root inhibitors (affect turfgrasses also) Heavy traffic can shear roots Avoid Dimension and Dimension Ultra also Options Ronstar G

28 Photo Taken St. Augustine Nontreated St. Augustine Barricade 65WG Spring, 2001 Clubbed roots

29 Near bodies of water: Maintain buffer zone of low maintenance grasses, use drop spreader

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31 Concrete - application

32 Concrete after rinsing

33 Pendulum AquaCap Use Sites Golf Courses Commercial turf Sod Farms Athletic Fields Cemeteries Office buildings Ornamental sites Non-crop areas NOT REGISTERED ON RESIDENTIAL TURF SITES

34 Good coverage can be difficult when spreading granules with large equipment... On moderate / severe slopes On specially designed and maintained areas

35 Herbicides on Fertilizer Carriers ASSUMING!!! proper application, better coverage is achieved by spraying, not spreading granules.

36 January - March April - June July - September October - December

37 Postemergence Control of Summer Annual Grasses

38 Postemergence Control of Summer Perennial Grasses Bahiagrass Dallisgrass

39 Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control fenoxaprop (Acclaim Extra) Perennial rye., fescues, zoysia, not bermuda! 0.75 to 2.5 pt/acre 2 apps 14 days apart metribuzin (Sencor 75 Turf) Established bermuda only 0.33 to 0.67 lb/acre 2 apps 7 to 10 days apart

40 Crabgrass and Broadleaf Weed Control quinclorac (Drive 75DF) Perennial ryegrass, fescues, bermuda, zoysia 1 lb/acre + MSO (1.5 pt) or COC (2 pt) Broadleaf weeds controlled: white and hop clover, dandelion, dollarweed

41 Crabgrass, Goosegrass, Sandbur Dallisgrass, Bahiagrass, Nutsedge sp. MSMA Perennial ryegrass and bermuda tolerant fescues and zoysia slightly sensitive 2 to 3 lb ai/acre (when air temp ~80 F) 3 to 4 applications 7 to 10 days apart for mature and hard to control weeds Some formulations require surfactant

42 Purple Nutsedge Blunt leaf tips Purple seedheads Tuber chains Brownish-black tubers bentazon (Basagran T/O) will not control! Yellow Nutsedge Pointed needlelike leaf tips Yellow seedheads Tubers do not form chains Tannish-brown tubers Basagran T/O will control 1 to 2 qt/acre (10 to 14 days) Most turfgrasses tolerant

43 Purple and Yellow Nutsedge (usually only fair control) MSMA (same as grass rates) Image LC 1.3 to 2.7 pt/acre 0.25% v/v NIS Bermuda, centipede, zoysia Control annual sedges also (Fair to Good Control) Image LC + MSMA (1.5 lb ai) Centipede not tolerant halosulfuron (Manage) 0.67 to 1.33 oz/acre 0.5% v/v NIS (retreat 6-10 wk) Most turfgrasses tolerant

44 Kyllinga species Look like nutsedges Triangular stems, glossy leaves More mat-forming Fragrance when leaves crushed Seedheads not like nutsedges Control Options Image LC + MSMA Manage (only suppresses green kyllinga) same as nutsedge rates Kyllinga species: Green, false green, annual, cocks-comb

45 Perennial Ryegrass Removal From Bermuda Totally remove when bermuda is actively growing Reduces bermuda competition and allows for healthier stand Herbicides are most consistent way to remove

46 Perennial Ryegrass Removal From Bermuda Sencor 75 Turf 0.67 lb/acre Kills in 2 to 3 days - unattractive until fills in metsulfuron (Manor) + NIS Kills in 2 to 3 weeks 0.5 oz/acre % v/v Clumpy ryegrass may take 1 oz/acre Manor pronamide (Kerb WSP) 2 lb/acre Kills in 4 to 6 weeks - smoothest transition

47 Perennial Ryegrass Removal From Bermuda Rimsulfuron (TranXit GTA) + NIS New product from Griffin LLC Apply 2 oz/acre % NIS 3 to 4 weeks before desired removal date Repeat application 3 weeks later Also controls poa annua and poa trivialis when applied at correct timings

48 Bahiagrass Control Manor + surfactant 0.5 oz/acre % v/v May retreat in 4 to 6 weeks Apply after spring greenup but before seedhead formation Raleigh: June seedheads Bermuda, St. Augustine, zoysia, fine fescue, Kentucky bluegrass tolerant

49 Other Bahiagrass Control Options MSMA (previously mentioned rates) imazapic (Plateau Eco-Pak) 1.43 to 2.86 oz/acre Centipedegrass but not home lawns Controls crabgrass, nutsedge & kyllinga sp. sethoxydim (Vantage) 2.25 pt/acre Centipedegrass and fine fescue 2 applications 3 weeks apart for suppression

50 Virginia Buttonweed Perennial, yellow-green color 2,4-D + clopyralid + dicamba (Millennium Ultra) 2 to 3 pt/acre 2 applications 4 weeks apart Not centipede or St. Augustine Other Control Options Two and three-way herbicides previously listed for perennial and winter annual broadleaf weed control Repeat applications needed

51 Common Lespedeza Taproot, low growing Control with products containing mecoprop, dicamba, triclopyr, clopyralid Control when young and actively growing Spotted Spurge Taproot, low growing Control with products containing mecoprop, dicamba, triclopyr, clopyralid Control when young and actively growing

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