Photosynthesis Lecture 7 Fall Photosynthesis. Photosynthesis. The Chloroplast. Photosynthetic prokaryotes. The Chloroplast
|
|
- Elwin Francis
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Photosynthesis Lecture 7 Fall 2008 Photosynthesis Photosynthesis The process by which light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy 1 Photosynthesis Inputs CO 2 Gas exchange occurs through stomata Stomata (stoma) small pore CO 2 in, O 2 out H 2 O enters roots from soil Energy from sunlight Also need minerals from soil e.g. potassium (K), nitrogen (N), and phosphorous (P) Also need O 2 from soil 2 The Chloroplast 3 Fig.10.3 The Chloroplast 4 Photosynthetic prokaryotes 5 Fig.10.3 Structure Outer membrane Inner membrane Stroma Thick fluid inside inner membrane Thylakoids Membrane bound sacs Interconnected Photosynthetic pigments embedded in membranes Thylakoid space Interior of the thylakoid Grana (granum) Stacks of thylakoids Large surface area Infoldings of plasma membrane allow for specialized functions Endosymbiosis of photosynthetic prokaryote led to chloroplast
2 6 Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration 7 Read Tracking Atoms through Photosynthesis: Scientific Inquiry, pgs Cellular respiration Redox reactions move electrons (and hydrogen) from glucose to oxygen fall of electrons Produces energy in the form of ATP Photosynthesis Redox reactions move electrons (and hydrogen) from water to carbon dioxide to form glucose Electrons moved uphill Requires large initial investment of energy (sunlight) Produces energy in the form of glucose molecules Photosynthesis Overview 8 Photosynthesis Overview 98 Two metabolic stages of photosynthesis Each process occurs in a specific area Light Reactions In the thylakoids Calvin cycle In the stroma Fig Light Reactions Convert solar energy to chemical energy ATP & NADPH Water split Calvin cycle Synthesizes sugar from CO 2 Uses the ATP & NADPH produced in the light reactions Fig The Nature of Sunlight 10 The Nature of Sunlight 11 Electromagnetic energy (electromagnetic radiation) Radiation = emission of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves or photons Wavelength - distance between the crests of two adjacent waves Photon - discrete packet of energy Electromagnetic spectrum Range of wavelengths of electromagnetic energy Gamma rays Short waves High energy Radio waves Long waves Low energy Fig Sunlight radiates the full spectrum Our atmosphere filters out much of the spectrum Visible light Passes through atmosphere Light that humans can see with our eyes (colors) Wavelengths that powers photosynthesis Fig. 10.6
3 The Nature of Sunlight When light meets matter: Reflected Wavelengths bounce back from matter Transmitted Wavelengths pass through matter Absorbed Wavelengths disappear into matter Pigments Chemical compounds that absorb certain wavelengths of light We only see color of wavelength that is reflected or transmitted If a pigment absorbs all wavelengths, then we see black If a pigment absorbs wavelengths from 380 to 550, what color would we see? 12 Which Wavelengths are Used in Photosynthesis: The Scientific Method at Work Question: Which wavelengths are used in photosynthesis? Observations: Photosynthetic organisms use visible light from the sun Visible light comes in many wavelengths By using a prism, light can be separated into its wavelengths Unicellular algae are photosynthetic organisms Bacteria tend to gather in areas of high oxygen 13 Which Wavelengths are Used in Photosynthesis: The Scientific Method at Work Hypothesis: Algae will photosynthesize when exposed to its ideal wavelengths Predictions: If the algae photosynthesize in response to a particular wavelength, then O 2 will be released in that area If O 2 is produced in an area, then aerobic bacteria will gather in that area 14 Which Wavelengths are Used in Photosynthesis: The Scientific Method at Work Methods: Algae placed in strip on microscope slide Bacteria add to slide Light shown through a prism onto slide 15 Which Wavelengths are Used in Photosynthesis: The Scientific Method at Work 16 Why are Leaves Green? 17 Results? Conclusions? Inside chloroplasts are photosynthetic pigments Pigments chemical compounds that absorb certain wavelengths of light Chlorophyll a absorbs blue-violet and red light Given that info why are leaves green? Fig Fig. 10.7
4 Photosynthetic Pigments in Chloroplasts 18 Photosynthetic Pigments in Chloroplasts 19 Chlorophyll a Required for photosynthesis Absorbs blue-violet and red light Accessory pigments Pigments other than chlorophyll a Broadens the spectrum of light that can be absorbed & used for photosynthesis Used as a sunscreen protection against UV radiation Coloration attract pollinators to flowers, attract fruit dispersers to fruit Accessory pigments Chlorophyll b Present in plants, some algae Absorbs blue and orange light Carotenoids Present in plants, algae, cyanobacteria Absorb blue-green light Chlorophyll c Present in some algae Why would so many different pigments evolve? Fig The structure of thylakoids and position of pigments critical to function Pigments arranged into photosystems Photosystem reaction center plus light harvesting complexes within the plasma membrane Fig Reaction center complex Protein complex with: Special chlorophyll a molecule (2) Primary electron acceptor Light harvesting complex Protein complex with many photopigments (chl a, b, carotenoids) Able to harvest light over broader spectrum How light is harvested Photon absorbed by a pigment molecule Energy transferred from one pigment molecule to another Energy ultimately passed to chl a in reaction center Fig Light Energy What happens when energy from photon arrives at the reaction center? Electron from chl a is excited What is an excited electron? Electron receives energy and move to an excited state Higher orbital more potential energy Unstable position, so electron falls back down to ground state Process releases energy: Heat Light - florescence If there is a molecule to receive the electron, it retains its high energy and does not fall to the ground state Fig What happens when energy arrives at the reaction center? Electron from chl a is excited Electron passed to the primary electron acceptor Redox reaction Two paths for electrons, depending on photosystem type: Creates NADPH Gets passed to electron transport chain
5 24 PS1 (NADPH-producing photosystem) 25 Two types: Photosystem 2 or PSII Water-splitting photosystem Photosystem 1 or PS1 NADPH-producing photosystem Electrons from reaction center chl a excited P700 Passed to primary electron acceptor Primary electron acceptor passes electrons ferredoxin (FD) FD transfers electron to NADP+ NADP+ reduced to NADPH Requires NADP+ reductase 2 electrons NADPH will take electrons to the Calvin cycle Energy to produce sugar PS1 (NADPH-producing photosystem) Problem: If the electrons from the reaction center chl a get passed on to an electron acceptor, how do they get replaced? 26 Which is the stronger electron acceptor? 1) the reaction center chl a in NADPH-producing photosystem (PS1) Or 2) the primary electron acceptor in the water-splitting photosystem (PS2) PS2 - Water-splitting photosystem 29 Electrons from water- splitting photosystem (PS2) pulled down electron transport chain by the reaction center chl a in the NADPH- producing photosystem (PS1) Electrons from reaction center chl a excited P680 Passed to primary electron acceptor How do the electrons get replaced? Take electrons from H 2 O Water-splitting step Requires enzyme O 2 forms & 4H+ What is the strongest electron acceptor (oxidizing agent) in these photosystems?
6 PS2 - Water-splitting photosystem Primary electron acceptor passes electron to electron transport chain Replaces electron in P700 chl Entire process (PS2 PS1) called linear electron flow 30 Electron Transport Chain ETC composed of many protein complexes embedded in the thylakoid membrane Plastoquinone (Pq) Cytochrome complex Plastocyanin (Pc) What benefit is gained from being in the thylakoid membrane? 31 Fig Electron Transport Chain 32 Electron Transport Chain 33 Electrons provide by primary electron acceptor of PSII Electrons fall down chain Pulled by P700 chl Produces energy at each step Transfer of electrons activates transfer of H+ H+ moved from stroma, across the thylakoid membrane, and into the thylakoid space Creates a concentration gradient of H+ across the thylakoid membrane Fig Fig ATP Production 34 ATP Production 35 ATP synthase Complex of proteins built into the inner membrane of the thylakoid Chemiosmosis Concentration gradient of H+ harnessed to do cellular work Proton-motive force The thylakoid membranes are not freely permeable to H+ Path down concentration gradient is through ATP synthase As H+ travels through ATP synthase, it causes turbine-like structures to turn, activating enzymes Enzymes generate ATP from ADP + P = phosphorylation Photophosphorylation From light Fig ATP synthase H+ ions enter through half- channel on stator Enter binding sites on rotor Changes conformation, rotor spins One rotation, H+ exits through halchannel Rotor spin causes rod to spin Spinning rod activates catalytic sites on knob ATP produced from ADP + P Read Fig Inquiry Fig. 9.14
7 Cyclic Electron Flow 36 Light Reactions Summary 37 FD passes electron to cytochrome complex Produces ATP Light Reactions Convert solar energy to chemical energy ATP & NADPH Requires H 2 O Produces O 2 as waste product Fig Fig Calvin cycle Synthesizes sugar from CO 2 Anabolic Inputs ATP NADPH CO 2 Output Organic compound - G3P (glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate) Used to make glucose and other compounds Fig Phases: Carbon Fixation Reduction Regeneration of RUBP Carbon fixation CO 2 enters one at a time Attached to ribulose bisphosphate (5-carbon sugar) to become 6-carbon intermediary Enzyme: rubisco (RuBP carboxylase) Most abundant enzyme Splits into 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate Reduction 3- phosphoglycerate phosphorylated by ATP 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate reduced by NADPH G3P (glceraldehyd-3- phosphate) High potential energy One molecule of G3P is output Fig Fig
8 Regeneration of RuBP 5 molecules of G3P rearranged into 3 molecules of RuBP Requires ATP 42 After the Calvin Cycle What happens to the G3P produced in photosynthesis? Transport to other cells 1. Produces glucose & fructose 2. They combine to form sucrose 3. Sucrose transported to other cells If growing cell Sucrose broken down to glucose & fructose & used in cellular respiration & growth If storage cell Sucrose converted to starch Starch production in photosynthetic cell Starch broken down overnight to supply cellular respiration 43
Chapter 10. Photosynthesis
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis Overview: The Process That Feeds the Biosphere Photosynthesis is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy Directly or indirectly, photosynthesis nourishes almost
More informationChapter 10 Photosynthesis
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis Overview: The Process That Feeds the Biosphere Photosynthesis is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, certain other
More informationPhotosynthesis Overview
Photosynthesis 1 2 Photosynthesis Overview Energy for all life on Earth ultimately comes from photosynthesis 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6H 2 O + 6O 2 Oxygenic photosynthesis is carried out by Cyanobacteria
More informationChapter 10: PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Chapter 10: PHOTOSYNTHESIS 1. Overview of Photosynthesis 2. Light Absorption 3. The Light Reactions 4. The Calvin Cycle 1. Overview of Photosynthesis Chapter Reading pp. 185-190, 206-207 What is Photosynthesis?
More informationPhotosynthesis. Chapter 10. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Copyright
More informationPhotosynthesis. Chapter 10. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Overview:
More informationEnergy Conversions. Photosynthesis. Plants. Chloroplasts. Plant Pigments 10/13/2014. Chapter 10 Pg
Energy Conversions Photosynthesis Chapter 10 Pg. 184 205 Life on Earth is solar-powered by autotrophs Autotrophs make their own food and have no need to consume other organisms. They are the ultimate source
More informationOutline - Photosynthesis
Outlin Photosynthesis Photosynthesis 1. An Overview of Photosynthesis & Respiration 2. Autotrophs and producers 3. Electromagnetic Spectrum & light energy 4. Chloroplasts: Structure and Function 5. Photosynthetic
More informationSunday, August 25, 2013 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS PREFACE The sun is the ultimate source of energy. The sun powers nearly all life forms. Photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy. Photoautotrophs use solar energy to synthesize
More informationCH 8: Photosynthesis Overview Photosynthesis is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy
CH 8: Photosynthesis Overview Photosynthesis is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy Directly or indirectly, photosynthesis nourishes almost the entire living world Autotrophs sustain
More informationThe summary equation of photosynthesis including the source and fate of the reactants and products. How leaf and chloroplast anatomy relates to
1 The summary equation of photosynthesis including the source and fate of the reactants and products. How leaf and chloroplast anatomy relates to photosynthesis. How photosystems convert solar energy to
More informationLife on Earth is solar powered. Photosynthesis => conversion of light energy to chemical energy (stored in sugars and other organic molecules).
Photosynthesis Life on Earth is solar powered. Photosynthesis => conversion of light energy to chemical energy (stored in sugars and other organic molecules). Organisms obtain organic compounds by one
More informationChapter 10 Photosynthesis
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis Autotrophs and Heterotrophs Autotrophs are organisms that make their own food. They obtain everything they need by using CO 2 and inorganic compounds from the environment. Heterotrophs
More informationPhotosynthesis. I. Photosynthesis overview A. Purpose B. Location. The light vs. the dark reaction Chloroplasts pigments A. Light absorption B.
Photosynthesis I. Photosynthesis overview A. Purpose B. Location II. III. The light vs. the dark reaction Chloroplasts pigments A. Light absorption B. Types IV. Light reactions A. Photosystems B. Photophosphorylation
More informationLecture 9: Photosynthesis
Lecture 9: Photosynthesis I. Characteristics of Light A. Light is composed of particles that travel as waves 1. Comprises a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum B. Radiation varies in wavelength
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS. Light Reaction Calvin Cycle
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Light Reaction Calvin Cycle Photosynthesis Purpose: use energy from light to convert inorganic compounds into organic fuels that have stored potential energy in their carbon bonds Carbon
More informationLECTURE PRESENTATIONS
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 10 Photosynthesis Lectures by Erin
More informationBIOLOGY. Photosynthesis CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 10 Photosynthesis Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick The Process That Feeds the Biosphere Photosynthesis
More informationpigments AP BIOLOGY PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter 10 Light Reactions Visible light is part of electromagnetic spectrum
AP BIOLOGY PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter 10 Light Reactions http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.html Sunlight is made up of many different wavelengths of light Your eyes see different
More informationPhotosynthesis is the main route by which that energy enters the biosphere of the Earth.
Chapter 5-Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the main route by which that energy enters the biosphere of the Earth. To sustain and power life on Earth, the captured energy has to be released and used in
More information8 Photosynthesis CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS. Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece 8 Photosynthesis Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge Overview: The Process That Feeds the Biosphere Photosynthesis
More informationPhotosynthesis. Chapter 10. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Overview:
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS. Chapter 10
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter 10 Modes of Nutrition Autotrophs self-feeders Capture free energy from physical sources in the environment Photosynthetic organisms = sunlight Chemosynthetic organisms = small inorganic
More informationChapter 7. Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food. Lectures by Edward J. Zalisko
Chapter 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Essential Biology, Fifth Edition, and Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, Fourth Edition Eric J. Simon, Jean
More informationPhotosynthesis 05/03/2012 INTRODUCTION: Summary Reaction for Photosynthesis: CO 2 : H 2 O: chlorophyll:
Photosynthesis INTRODUCTION: metabolic process occurring in green plants, algae, some protists and cyanobacteria Photosynthesis is an PROCESS (building organic molecules which store radiant energy as chemical
More informationHarvesting energy: photosynthesis & cellular respiration part 1
Harvesting energy: photosynthesis & cellular respiration part 1 Agenda I. Overview (Big Pictures) of Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration II. Making Glucose - Photosynthesis III. Making ATP - Cellular
More informationPhotosynthesis (Outline)
Photosynthesis (Outline) 1. Overview of photosynthesis 2. Producers, consumers, and decomposers of the ecosystem (source of carbon and energy) 3. Plant structures: organ, tissue, cells, sub-cellular organelle,
More informationChapter 5: Photosynthesis: The Energy of Life pg : Pathways of Photosynthesis pg
UNIT 2: Metabolic Processes Chapter 5: Photosynthesis: The Energy of Life pg. 210-240 5.2: Pathways of Photosynthesis pg. 220-228 Light Dependent Reactions Photosystem II and I are the two light capturing
More informationPhotosynthesis. Chapter 10. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Overview:
More informationPhotosynthesis. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Overview:
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS. The Details
PHOTOSYNTHESIS The Details Photosynthesis is divided into 2 sequential processes: 1. The Light Dependent Reactions (stages 1 & 2) 2. The Light Independent Reactions (stage 3) a.k.a. the Calvin Cycle THE
More informationAN OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
AN OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Introduction: Plant Power Plants use water and atmospheric carbon dioxide to produce a simple sugar and liberate oxygen Earth s plants
More informationPhotosynthesis in Detail. 3/19/2014 Averett
Photosynthesis in Detail 1 In photosynthesis many chemical reactions, enzymes and ions work together in a precise order. Enzymes Biological catalyst Substance that initiates or speeds up the rate of a
More informationLIGHT DEPENDENT & INDEPENDENT REACTIONS
LIGHT DEPENDENT & INDEPENDENT REACTIONS Photosynthesis is a two stage process Light dependent reactions o requires DIRECT light energy omakes energy carrier molecules that are used in the dark reaction
More informationPhotosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process of harnessing the energy of sunlight to make carbohydrates (sugars).
Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the process of harnessing the energy of sunlight to make carbohydrates (sugars). Plants do photosynthesis to make their own food (sugars) and are called, photoautotrophs.
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS. Chapter 10
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter 10 Modes of Nutrition Autotrophs Capture from physical sources in the environment Photosynthetic organisms = sunlight Chemosynthetic organisms = small inorganic molecules (occurs
More informationAP Biology. Chloroplasts: sites of photosynthesis in plants
The summary equation of photosynthesis including the source and fate of the reactants and products. How leaf and chloroplast anatomy relates to photosynthesis. How photosystems convert solar energy to
More informationCHAPTER 8 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CHAPTER 8 PHOTOSYNTHESIS Con. 8.1 Photosynthesis process by which plants use light to make food molecules from carbon dioxide and water (chlorophyll) 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O + Light C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2
More informationChapter 7. Introduction. Introduction. Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food. Plants, algae, and certain prokaryotes
Chapter 7 hotosynthesis: Using to Make Food oweroint Lectures for Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Seventh Edition Reece, Taylor, Simon, and Dickey Lecture by Edward J. Zalisko Introduction lants,
More information4.1. Photosynthesis Light-Dependent Reactions
4.1 Photosynthesis Light-Dependent Reactions Photosynthesis Each year, Canada s boreal forest convert 12.5 million tonnes of carbon into energy-rich compounds for billions of organisms Photosynthesis
More informationJust Like the Guy From Krypton Photosynthesis
Just Like the Guy From Krypton Photosynthesis An Overview of Photosynthesis Most of the energy used by almost all living cells ultimately comes from the sun plants, algae, and some bacteria capture the
More informationPhotosynthesis
Student Expectations: Cellular Energy Understand that cellular energy is temporarily stored in the nucleotide ATP (adenosine triphosphate) Describe how energy is released by ATP When the outer phosphate
More informationPhotosynthesis. Dr. Bertolotti
Photosynthesis Dr. Bertolotti Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air How do plants and other organisms capture energy from the sun? What is ATP and why is it useful in cells? Plants are energy producers
More informationPhotosynthesis. Chapter 10. PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition. Lectures by Chris Romero. Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero PREVIEW The Process That Feeds the Biosphere Photosynthesis Is the process
More informationChapter 8 PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter # Chapter Title PowerPoint Image Slideshow
COLLEGE BIOLOGY PHYSICS Chapter 8 PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter # Chapter Title PowerPoint Image Slideshow Figure 8.0 Photosynthesis Figure 8.1 Earth s distribution of photosynthesis as seen via chlorophyll a
More informationPhotosynthesis: Life from Light and Air
Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air 2007-2008 Energy needs of life All life needs a constant input of energy consumers producers Heterotrophs (Animals) get their energy from eating others eat food
More informationPhotosynthesis CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS SECOND EDITION URRY CAIN WASSERMAN MINORSKY REECE
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS URRY CAIN WASSERMAN MINORSKY REECE 8 Photosynthesis Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge, Simon Fraser University SECOND EDITION The Process That
More informationPhotosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food
Chapter 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food Lectures by Chris C. Romero, updated by Edward J. Zalisko PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Essential Biology, Fourth Edition Eric Simon, Jane Reece, and
More informationPhotosynthesis Life Is Solar Powered!
Photosynthesis Life Is Solar Powered! What Would Plants Look Like On Alien Planets? 1 Why Would They Look Different? Different Stars Give off Different types of light or Electromagnetic Waves The color
More informationPhotosynthesis and Life
7-1 Chapter 7 Photosynthesis and Life During photosynthesis Organisms use the energy of light to build highenergy organic molecules. Plants, algae, and some bacteria can do this. Can make their own food
More informationAP Biology. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Redox Reactions break bonds & move electrons from one molecule to another as electrons move they carry energy with them that energy is stored in another bond, released as heat or harvested
More informationPhotosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food
Chapter 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food Lectures by Chris C. Romero, updated by Edward J. Zalisko 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Essential Biology, Fourth Edition
More informationPhotosynthesis. Chapter 10. Biology. Edited by Shawn Lester. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis Edited by Shawn Lester PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
More informationTHE BASICS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
THE BASICS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS Almost all plants are photosynthetic autotrophs, as are some bacteria and protists Autotrophs generate their own organic matter through photosynthesis Sunlight energy is transformed
More information1. Plants and other autotrophs are the producers of the biosphere
1. Plants and other autotrophs are the producers of the biosphere Photosynthesis nourishes almost all of the living world directly or indirectly. All organisms require organic compounds for energy and
More information1. Plants and other autotrophs are the producers of the biosphere
1. Plants and other autotrophs are the producers of the biosphere Photosynthesis nourishes almost all of the living world directly or indirectly. All organisms require organic compounds for energy and
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter 6
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter 6 5.1 Matter and Energy Pathways in Living Systems Chapter 5 Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration 1 2 5.1 Matter and Energy Pathways in Living Systems In this section you will:
More informationEnergy can be transformed from one form to another. FREE ENERGY (available for work) vs. HEAT (not available for work)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Energy can be transformed from one form to another FREE ENERGY (available for work) vs. HEAT (not available for work) THE SUN: MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR LIFE ON EARTH THE BASICS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
More informationPhotosynthesis CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS SECOND EDITION URRY CAIN WASSERMAN MINORSKY REECE
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS URRY CAIN WASSERMAN MINORSKY REECE 8 Photosynthesis Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge, Simon Fraser University SECOND EDITION The Process That
More information8.2 Photosynthesis Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of a chloroplast as seen in electron micrographs
8.2 Photosynthesis 8.2.1 - Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of a chloroplast as seen in electron micrographs double membrane starch grain grana thylakoid internal membrane - location of the
More informationLocated in the thylakoid membranes. Chlorophyll have Mg + in the center. Chlorophyll pigments harvest energy (photons) by absorbing certain
a review Located in the thylakoid membranes. Chlorophyll have Mg + in the center. Chlorophyll pigments harvest energy (photons) by absorbing certain wavelengths (blue-420 nm and red-660 nm are most important).
More informationPhotosynthesis. Nearly all of the usable energy on this planet came, at one time or another, from the sun by the process of photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Nearly all of the usable energy on this planet came, at one time or another, from the sun by the process of photosynthesis Photosynthesis 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2 O Pigments
More informationChapter 7. Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food. Lecture by Richard L. Myers
Chapter 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts & Connections, Sixth Edition Campbell, Reece, Taylor, Simon, and Dickey Lecture by Richard L. Myers Introduction:
More informationPhotosynthesis (Outline)
Photosynthesis (Outline) 1. Overview of photosynthesis 2. Producers, consumers, and decomposers of the ecosystem (source of carbon and energy) (Autotrophs: photo-autotrophs, chemo-autotrophs, electro-autotrophs,
More informationHow do cells obtain energy from food molecules? Unit 5: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis. It is an extremely simple cellular process.
Unit 5: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis How do cells obtain energy from food molecules? 1. Cellular respiration release energy from food molecules 2. Glycolysis begins the production of Energy
More informationOverall, photosynthesis is the conversion of the Sun s energy to stored chemical energy. (glucose) The overall reaction for photosynthesis:
A.P. Biology Chapter 10- Photosynthesis Scale: 0 - No understanding of the concept and chemical process of photosynthesis. 1- With help, a partial understanding of the reactants and products of the photosynthesis
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS CHAPTER 7. Where It Starts - Photosynthesis
PHOTOSYNTHESIS CHAPTER 7 Where It Starts - Photosynthesis IMPACTS, ISSUES: SUNLIGHT AND SURVIVAL Plants are autotrophs, or self-nourishing organisms The first autotrophs filled Earth s atmosphere with
More informationChapter 7. Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food. Lectures by Edward J. Zalisko
Chapter 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Essential Biology, Fifth Edition, and Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, Fourth Edition Eric J. Simon, Jean
More information8 Photosynthesis CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS. Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece 8 Photosynthesis Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge Objective: You will be able to contrast respiration
More informationPhotosynthesis. light
Photosynthesis light 6CO + 6H 0 C 6 H 1 O 6 + 6O light Carbon dioxide + water sugar + oxygen Chlorophyll pigment that absorbs light energy Absorbs red and blue light Reflects green and yellow light Chlorophyll
More information2015 AP Biology PRETEST Unit 3: Cellular Energetics Week of October
Name: Class: _ Date: _ 2015 AP Biology PRETEST Unit 3: Cellular Energetics Week of 19-23 October Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which
More informationA. Structures of PS. Site of PS in plants: mostly in leaves in chloroplasts. Leaf cross section. Vein. Mesophyll CO 2 O 2. Stomata
PS Lecture Outline I. Introduction A. Structures B. Net Reaction II. Overview of PS A. Rxns in the chloroplast B. pigments III. Closer looks A. LD Rxns B. LI Rxns 1. non-cyclic e- flow 2. cyclic e- flow
More informationPhotosynthesis 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Photosynthesis An anabolic, endergonic, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) requiring process that uses light energy (photons) and water (H 2 O) to produce organic macromolecules (glucose). photons SUN
More informationPhotosynthesis: Life from Light AP Biology
Photosynthesis: Life from Light Supporting a biosphere On global scale, photosynthesis is the most important process for the continuation of life on Earth u each year photosynthesis synthesizes 160 billion
More informationBio 111 Study Guide Chapter 10 Photosynthesis
Bio 111 Study Guide Chapter 10 Photosynthesis BEFORE CLASS: Reading: Read the whole chapter from p. 185-207. You can skip the topic of cyclic electron flow on p. 196-197. Figure 10.18 puts all of the light
More informationPhotosynthesis. All Materials Cmassengale
Photosynthesis All Materials Cmassengale I. Capturing the Energy of Life A. All organisms require energy B. Some organisms (autotrophs) obtain energy directly from the sun and store it in organic compounds
More informationChapter 7 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Chapter 7 PHOTOSYNTHESIS Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the process of harnessing energy from sunlight to produce sugars. Photosynthesis equation: Energy + 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 C 6 H
More informationMetabolismo Biología de 12º
DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS NATURALES Metabolismo Biología de 12º Nombre y Apellidos FOTOSÍNTESIS 1) Organisms that can exist with light as an energy source and an inorganic form of carbon and other raw materials
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE LIGHT REACTIONS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE LIGHT REACTIONS ECOSYSTEM Photosynthesis CO 2 +H 2 O Organic + O molecules 2 Cellular respiration in mitochondria 1 PHOTOAUTOTROPHS The producers of the biosphere AUTOTROPH means self
More informationEnergy can be transformed from one form to another
LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this lecture you will be able to: Photosynthesis 1. Understand that ENERGY can be transformed from one form to another. 2. Know that energy exist in two forms; free energy
More information(A) Calvin cycle (B) Cyclic electron transfer (C) Non-cyclic electron transfer (D) Photorespiration (E) Cellular respiration
AP Biology - Problem Drill 08: Photosynthesis No. 1 of 10 #01 1. What term does the statement below refer to? In a photosynthesis process, an electron is excited from P700 and delivered to its receptor,
More informationChapter 6. Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis. Lectures by Gregory Ahearn. University of North Florida. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 6 Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 6.1 What Is Photosynthesis? Life on earth depends on photosynthesis.
More informationlight-dependent reactions (i.e., light reactions)
LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this lecture you will be able to: 1. Understand that ENERGY can be transformed from one form to another. 2. Know that energy exist in two forms; free energy - available
More informationBiology: Life on Earth
Biology: Life on Earth Eighth Edition Lecture for Chapter 7 Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis Chapter 7 Outline 7.1 What Is Photosynthesis? p. 118 7.2 Light-Dependent Reactions: How Is Light Energy
More informationChapter 4 Photosynthesis
Chapter 4 Photosynthesis RECAP Autotrophs Organisms that make their own food Heterotrophs cannot make their own food get energy from other organisms Photoautotroph use the suns energy Chemoautotroph use
More informationPhotosynthesis: Life from Light and Air
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wi60tqa8jfe Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air 2011-2012 Energy needs of life All life needs a constant input of energy consumers producers Heterotrophs (Animals) obtain
More informationBIOLOGY. Photosynthesis CAMPBELL. Concept 10.1: Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food. Anabolic pathways endergonic
10 Photosynthesis CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick energy ECOSYSTEM CO 2 H 2 O Organic O 2 powers
More informationThe main form of energy from the sun is in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Visible radiation (white light) used for photosynthesis ROY G.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS The main form of energy from the sun is in the form of electromagnetic radiation Visible radiation (white light) used for photosynthesis ROY G. BIV The electromagnetic spectrum A Red Object
More informationCh. 10- Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air
Ch. 10- Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air 2007-2008 Ch. 10 Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air 2007-2008 Energy needs of life All life needs a constant input of energy consumers Heterotrophs
More informationUnit 4.2: Photosynthesis - Sugar as Food
Unit 4.2: Photosynthesis - Sugar as Food Lesson Objectives Outline the stages of photosynthesis. Describe the chloroplast and its role in photosynthesis. List the steps of the light reactions. Describe
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS. Botany Department B.N.D. College
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Botany Department B.N.D. College Photosynthesis An anabolic, endergonic, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) requiring process that uses light energy (photons) and water (H 2 O) to produce organic macromolecules
More informationPhotosynthesis (Chapter 7 Outline) A. For life based on organic compounds, two questions can be raised:
Photosynthesis (Chapter 7 Outline) Sun, Rain, and Survival A. For life based on organic compounds, two questions can be raised: 1. Where does the carbon come from? 2. Where does the energy come from to
More informationAP Biology
Chapter 10. Photosynthesis: Life from Light Energy needs of life All life needs a constant input of energy Heterotrophs get their energy from eating others consumers of other organisms consume organic
More informationAP Biology
Chapter 10. Photosynthesis: Life from Light Energy needs of life All life needs a constant input of energy Heterotrophs get their energy from eating others consumers of other organisms consume organic
More informationWhere does most of our society s energy come from (think of fossil fuels), how does that energy become fixed for human use?
Where does most of our society s energy come from (think of fossil fuels), how does that energy become fixed for human use? The Photosynthesis equation 6 CO 2 + 12 H 2 O + Light energy C 6 H 12 O 6 +
More informationEnergy Transfer. Photosynthesis
Energy Transfer Photosynthesis Energy All living organisms use energy. Energy is needed for metabolism to function. When organisms use energy they use it in the chemical form, ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
More informationOverview - the process that feeds the biosphere. Photosynthesis: transformation of solar energy into chemical energy.
Chapter 7 Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis Overview - the process that feeds the biosphere Photosynthesis: transformation of solar energy into chemical energy. Responsible for O 2 in our atmosphere
More informationThe light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH
10.2 - The light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH Chloroplasts are solar-powered chemical factories The conversion of light energy into chemical energy occurs in the
More informationPhotosynthesis. 3. We have 2 types of organisms depending on their nutrition:
1 لجان الد فعات/تلخيص علوم حياتية 101 Key concepts 10.1 PHOTOSYNTHESIS CONVERTS LIGHT ENERGY TO THE CHEMICAL ENERGY OF FOOD. 10.2 THE LIGHT REACTIONS CONVERT SOLAR ENERGY TO THE CHEMICAL ENERGY OF ATP
More informationAP Biology Day 22. Monday, October 10, 2016
AP Biology Day 22 Monday, October 10, 2016 Discuss: Do-Now Group Discussion What is the equation for photosynthesis, and why is it a redox reaction? What are the steps of photosynthesis, and where does
More information