Strategies to Optimize Thrips Control in the Klamath Basin
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1 Strategies to Optimize Thrips Control in the Klamath Basin Steve Orloff, Farm Advisor, Siskiyou County Larry Godfrey, Entomology Specialist, UCD Rob Wilson, IREC Director Funded by CGORAB
2 Thrips feed by piercing the leaf surface to liberate juices from the plant cells. Thrips release substances that help predigest the onion plant tissue. Using their mouth parts they suck up the plant content. Extensive damage is silvery patches which can occupy most of leaf surface. Plant cannot adequately photosynthesize and plant pathogens can penetrate.
3 Objectives Compare effectiveness of a range of insecticides Evaluate different strategies for thrips management over the season to compare single insecticides, tank mixes, and alternating chemistries.
4 Insecticide Comparison Trial Season-Long Thrips Strategy 3 beds x 25 ft. plots Replicated 4 times 20 x 50 ft. plots Replicated 4 times
5
6 Onion Thrips Thrips tabaci Asexual reproduction by females (parthenogenesis) Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella occidentalis Reproduces sexually, males and females common
7 100% Relative Percentage of Onion Thrips vs. Western Flower Thrips % % 40% 20% OT WFT 0%
8 Relative Percentage of Onion Thrips vs. Western Flower Thrips
9 Insecticides Evaluated 2010 Insecticide Rate Comments Warrior Lannate Radiant Radiant + Aza Direct Movento Vydate Assail Agri-Mek HGW oz/a 3 pt/a 8 oz/a 8 oz/a + 12 oz 5 oz/a 4 pts 8 oz dry 16 fl oz 20.5 fl oz Pyrethroid was standard or common treatment in the area. Carbamate old insecticide commonly used for lep. control Spinosyns. Has both contact and ingestion activity. Attacks nervous system. Locally systemic. Biological insecticide from neem tree insect repellent, antifeedant, and growth regulator. Systemic insecticide, Inhibits lipid biosynthesis. Carbamate insecticide Neonicotinoid class of insecticides Avermectins. Limited systemic activity. Attacks nervous system. Cyazypyr Diamide insecticide class
10 Insecticide Treatment Effects on Thrips Population 2010 Pretreatment 12.9 immature thrips/plant
11 Effect of Insecticide Treatment on Onion Thrips Injury Symptoms 2010
12 Insecticides Evaluated 2011 Insecticide Rate Comments Warrior Lannate Radiant Radiant + Aza Direct Movento Lannate/Movento Agri-Mek HGW oz/a 3 pt/a 8 oz/a 8 oz/a + 12 oz 5 oz/a 16 fl oz 20.5 fl oz Pyrethroid was standard or common treatment in the area. Carbamate old insecticide commonly used for lep. control Spinosyns. Has both contact and ingestion activity. Attacks nervous system. Locally systemic. Biological insecticide from neem tree insect repellent, antifeedant, and growth regulator. Systemic insecticide, Inhibits lipid biosynthesis. Avermectins. Limited systemic activity. Attacks nervous system. Cyazypyr Diamide insecticide class
13 Insecticide Treatment Effects on Thrips Population 7 Days after 1 st Application Treated: 7/19
14 Insecticide Treatment Effects on Thrips Population 5 Days after 2 nd Application Treated: 7/19 & 7/28
15 Insecticide Treatment Effects on Thrips Population 11 Days after 2 nd Application Treated: 7/19 & 7/28
16 Insecticide Treatment Effects on Thrips Population 19 Days after 2 nd Application Treated: 7/19 & 7/28
17 Cowboy entomology Thrips Control in Fresh Market Onions Lancaster 1986
18 Season-Long Thrips Management Strategy Treatments 1st Application (6/30) or (7/8) 2nd Application (7/29) 3rd Application (8/16) Warrior (7/8) Warrior Warrior Lannate (7/8) Lannate Lannate Warrior (7/8) Lannate Warrior Warrior+Lannate (7/8) Warrior+Lannate Warrior+Lannate Warrior (6/30) Lannate Warrior Movento (6/30) Radiant Radiant Untreated Untreated Untreated
19 Effect of Control Strategy on Thrips Population or Application Dates
20 Effect of Control Strategy on Thrips Population or Application Dates
21 Effect of Control Strategy on Thrips Population or Application Dates
22 Insecticide Sequence Proposed by Brain Nault Professor, Dept. of Entomology Cornell University (when registered) Movento not effective on adults so should be used early in the season when adult populations are low. Agri-Mek must be used early due to 30 day PHI Radiant can be used later when populations are high Do not apply same insecticide more than twice Product should be used consecutively Reduces the number of generations exposed to same product Thrips can complete the life cycle in 14 to 30 days. Typically 2 3 weeks (even shorter high temperatures)
23 Example Insecticide Sequence Proposed by Brain Nault Professor, Dept. of Entomology Cornell University Need to protect onion crop from thrips for 8 weeks Lannate Agri-Mek Radiant Onions Thrips Harvest
24 Example Insecticide Sequence Proposed by Brain Nault Professor, Dept. of Entomology Cornell University Need to protect onion crop from thrips for 8 weeks Lannate Radiant Onions Thrips Harvest
25 Season-Long Thrips Management Treatment Strategies st Application 2nd Application 3rd Application 4th Application 5th Application 6th Application Untreated Warrior Lannate Warrior Agri-Mek Lannate Radiant Lannate Lannate Radiant Radiant Agri-Mek Agri-Mek Lannate Lannate Radiant Radiant Radiant Radiant Radiant Radiant Radiant Radiant
26 Season-Long Thrips Management Strategy Effect on Thrips Population
27 Season-Long Thrips Management Strategy Effect on Thrips Population
28 Resistance Management Principles Brain Nault Professor, Dept. of Entomology Cornell University Products should be rotated across generations Minimize exposure of the same generation to multiple active ingredients Don t use product more than twice per season Apply insecticide consecutively, 7 10 days apart Do not tank mix two effective insecticides Do not use same chemistry class more than on time per season and us treatment thresholds
29 Season-Long Thrips Management Strategy Effect on Onion Injury Rating
30 Control Radiant
31 Onion Thrips Damage in New York State Control 341 cwt/acre Treated with Insecticides 529 cwt/acre 30 to 50% yield loss
32
33 Season-Long Thrips Management Treatment Strategies st Applic. 2nd Applic. 3rd Applic. 4th Applic. 5th Applic. 6th Applic. Yield Tons/A Untreated 17.9 Warrior Lannate Warrior 18.5 Agri-Mek Lannate Radiant 18.3 Lannate Lannate Radiant Radiant 16.8 Agri-Mek Agri-Mek Lannate Lannate Radiant Radiant 18.5 Radiant Radiant Radiant Radiant Radiant Radiant 19.0 NS
34 Conclusions Mix of thrips species in Klamath Basin Predominantly onion thrips More WFT early in season Counting thrips on plants better than rinsing technique Repeat applications of same insecticide superior method to evaluate performance Warrior initially knocked down population but caused subsequent spike (Role of beneficials in controlling thrips?) Movento very effective over two applications Movento plus Lannate extremely effective Aza-Direct plus Radiant lower thrips population than Radiant alone Brian Nault program may have merit Effect of thrips on yield in Klamath Basin??? Thrips may not be most damaging insect in Klamath Basin
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