Management Of Insect And Mite Vectors Of Vegetable Diseases
|
|
- Abner Chambers
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Great Plains Growers Conference And Trade Show St. Joseph, MO January 12, 2018 Management Of Insect And Mite Vectors Of Vegetable Diseases Raymond A. Cloyd Professor and Extension Specialist in Horticultural Entomology/Plant Protection Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS Phone:
2 Overview: What To Expect Introduction Vector: characteristics Insect-pathogen relationships Arthropod (insect and mite) vectors Vector management Questions and discussion
3 Arthropod Vectors Associated With Human Health
4 Arthropod Vectors Of Plant Diseases
5 Insect And Mite Pest Feeding Behaviors Phloem-Feeders: Aphids, Whiteflies, Mealybugs, Leafhoppers, and Soft Scales Xylem-Feeders: True Bugs, Spittlebugs, and Leafhoppers Chewers: Beetles, Caterpillars, and Sawflies Miners: Leafminers Chlorophyll-Feeders: Spider Mites Mesophyll and Epidermal Fluid-Feeders: Thrips (Western Flower Thrips)
6
7 Vector An organism such as an insect or mite (arthropod) pest capable of transmitting a pathogen (e.g. fungus, bacteria, virus, or phytoplasma) from one host plant to another.
8 Many Insects Serve As Vectors Of Diseases
9 Diseases Transmitted/Vectored By Insects Fungi Bacteria Viruses Phytoplasmas
10 Pumpkin Plant Exhibiting Viral Symptoms
11 Characteristics Of An Efficient Insect Vector Broad host range: feed on a wide-range of plants and weeds. Highly mobile: can locate new plant hosts and habitats. Structure of mouthparts: insect vectors with piercing-sucking mouthparts (especially for viral transmission) have needle-like stylet bundles with two mandibular and two maxillary stylets.
12 Dissemination Of Pathogens By Insect Vectors Direct: insect vector directly introduces the pathogen (e.g. virus) into the plant during feeding. Indirect: the pathogen is released into the plant as the insect vector feeds.
13 Transmission Of Plant Diseases Direct: associated with the type of feeding behavior of insects and what occurs during the feeding process. Insect pests may contain plant viruses on their stylets or the virus may accumulate internally. Indirect: associated with insect pests either carrying spores of diseases (e.g. fungi) or creating wounds that allow entry of diseases (e.g. fungi and bacteria). Feeding damage may result in increased plant susceptibility to fungi and/or bacteria.
14 Viruses: Occurrence In Insect Vector And Transmission 1. Persistent (circulative) Transmission 2. Non-persistent Transmission 3. Propagative (persistent) Transmission
15 Viruses: Occurrence In Insect Vector And Transmission * Persistent (circulative) Transmission: virus particles accumulate inside the body of the insect vector, and are introduced into the plant during the feeding process. Vectors can transmit a virus for several days or weeks; however, this depends on how long insects feed on infected plants. The virus does not multiply (replicate) in insect vector, but has to circulate in order to be transferred to the plant. The virus enters the salivary glands via the hemolymph (fluid similar to blood that circulates inside the body of insects). Replication of the virus is restricted to phloem tissues in the plant.
16 Disease Transmission By Aphid
17 Viruses: Occurrence In Insect Vector And Transmission * Non-persistent Transmission: sucking insects such as aphids carry plant viruses in their mouthparts or stylets. The virus does not enter the hemolymph. Insects can transmit a virus only within a short period of time after acquisition. The virus attaches to the inside of the stylet (mouthpart) and foregut, and is introduced into plants during salivation and regurgitation.
18 Aphid Feeding In Phloem Sieve Tubes
19 Viruses: Occurrence In Insect Vector And Transmission * Propagative (persistent) Transmission: virus must multiply in the insect vector in order to complete persistent, propagative transmission to plants. Transmission of the virus is restricted to phloem tissues in the plant. In addition, the virus replicates in plant tissues and in different organs in insect vectors. Virus particles enter the salivary glands through the hemolymph or connecting tissues such as the nervous system or trachea (breathing tubes).
20 Disease Transmission By Aphid
21 Issues Associated With Insect Vector-Pathogen Interactions Insect vector movement is an international issue due to expanding travel and trade (commerce) of plant material, resulting in a greater probability of spreading insect vectors (and subsequently pathogens) among countries. Aggressiveness of new insect vector species are a concern, particularly exotic species, which appear to be more aggressive in new habitats. For example, ambrosia beetles, which are typically considered secondary insect pests, attack healthy trees and cause plant death.
22 Insects And Mites That Can Vector Vegetable Diseases Aphids Whiteflies Thrips Leafhoppers Beetles Psyllids Spider Mites
23 Aphids Are Major Vectors Of Many Plant Viruses Associated With Vegetable Crops
24 Aphids Are Major Insect Vectors Of Plant Viruses
25 Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae): Vector Of Many Plant Viruses
26 During The Feeding Process, Aphids Transmit Viruses
27 Disease Transmission By Aphid
28 Viruses Transmitted By Aphids * Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV; NP) * Pepper mottle virus (PMV) * Potato virus Y (PVY; NP) * Tomato mild mottle virus (TMMV) * Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV; NP) * Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV; NP)
29 Whiteflies
30 Whiteflies Vector Many Viruses * Geminiviruses * Closteroviruses * Begomoviruses * Potyviruses
31
32
33
34
35 RNA Viruses Transmitted By Whiteflies * Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CYYV) * Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) * Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)
36 Additional Viruses Transmitted By Whiteflies * Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV; P) * Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (ToYLCV; P) * Lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV) * Potato yellow vein virus (PYVV) * Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)
37 Western Flower Thrips Adults: Vector Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) And Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus (INSV)
38
39 Western Flower Thrips Life Cycle * Egg * Larvae (n=2) * Pupae (n=2) * Adult Life Cycle May Be Completed In 18 To 24 Days Depending On Temperature
40 Thrips Feeding Behavior: Piercing-Sucking
41 Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus
42 Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Symptoms On Tomato Leaves
43 Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Symptoms On Tomato Fruit
44 Leafhoppers: Certain Species Are Vectors Of Diseases
45
46
47 Diseases Transmitted By Leafhoppers * Beet curly top virus (BCTV) * Aster yellows (phytoplasma) * Pierce s disease, Xylella fastidiosa (bacteria)
48 Aster Yellows On Echinacea
49 Aster Yellows: Vectored By The Aster Leafhopper (And Other Leafhopper Species)
50 Striped Cucumber Beetle And Spotted Cucumber Beetle Adult: Both Vector Bacterial Wilt Of Cucumber
51 Bacterial Wilt Of Cucumber: Vectored By Striped Cucumber Beetle And Spotted Cucumber Beetle
52
53 Certain Flea Beetle Adults Can Transmit Diseases
54
55 Flea Beetle Transmission Of Fungus May Occur Four Ways 1. Spores (conidia) of fungus are present on the body of flea beetle adults. 2. Feeding by flea beetle adults provides sites for spores to enter the plant. 3. Spores of fungus are present in the feces of adult flea beetles. 4. Mouthparts of flea beetle adults are contaminated with spores of fungus.
56 Potato/Tomato Psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) and Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri)
57 Potato/Tomato Psyllid Vectors Zebra Chip Bacterial Disease (Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum) Of Potatoes
58 Leafminer Female Puncture Wounds May Predispose Plants To Infection By Fungal Pathogens
59
60 Twospotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae) Can Transmit Diseases
61
62 Vector Management
63 Weed Management
64 Importance Of Weed Management Control weeds in and around crops and greenhouse areas as weeds host insect pests and the viruses they spread. Many broadleaf weeds are susceptible to and serve as a refuge for insect (and mite) pests such as aphids and leafhoppers. Weeds may also serve as over-wintering sites for certain insect and/or mite pests. Weeds may harbor certain viruses vectored by insect pests.
65 Many Weeds Serve As Reservoirs For Insect Pests That Vector Diseases
66
67 Vector Management Primarily involves controlling insect or mite vector with insecticides or miticides since it is easier and less expensive, in general, to deal with the insect or mite vector than the pathogen. It is important to minimize spread of disease to other plants. Furthermore, mortality must be high since any insect or mite vectors that survive could continually spread the pathogen. Due to association with pathogen, insect or mite vector thresholds are extremely low (sometimes zero).
68
69 Insecticides And Insect Vectors 1. Insecticides are more effective against insect vectors associated with persistent transmission due to the long feeding probes. However, insecticides are less effective against insect vectors affiliated with non-persistent transmission because acquisition and inoculation occur very rapidly (e.g. seconds). Insecticide may not kill individuals fast enough before acquisition and inoculation. 2. Insecticides must kill a high percentage (>90%) of insect vectors to prevent spread of viruses from plant to plant between application intervals. 3. Frequent applications are required to protect new plant growth from insect vectors, and thorough coverage of all plants parts is essential in order to kill as many insect vectors as possible. 4. For non-persistently transmitted viruses, insecticides must kill insect vectors rapidly, repel insect vectors, or modify insect vectors behavior to prevent probing. For instance, pyrethroid insecticides kill insects quickly, repel insects, and may reduce probing time. 5. However, applying insecticides too frequently may lead to resistance developing in insect vector populations.
70 When Applying Insecticides Or Miticides It Is Important To Obtain Thorough Coverage Of Leaf Undersides Why?
71 The Life Stages (Eggs, Larvae, Nymphs, Pupae, And Adults) Of Insect And Mite Pests Are Typically Located On Leaf Undersides
72 Barrier: Row Covers Protect Cucumbers From Beetle Vectors
73
74
75 Using Reflective Mulch Inside Hoop House To Reduce Incidence Of Aphid And Thrips Populations; Thus Mitigating Potential For Viral Transmission
76
77 Summary * Insect pests with sucking or chewing mouthparts can directly or indirectly transmit diseases (e.g. viruses, fungi, and bacteria) to vegetable crops in greenhouses and outdoors. * Weed removal and timely applications of insecticides (and miticides) may alleviate problems with insect (and mite) pests transmitting diseases.
78
79
80 Thank You For Your Attention! I Hope You All Learned Something!
81
How Do I Get Rid Of Mealybugs?
Cultivate 17 July 16, 2017 Columbus, OH Mealybugs: Arch Nemesis No More Raymond A. Cloyd Professor and Extension Specialist in Horticultural Entomology/Plant Protection Kansas State University, Manhattan,
More informationWelcome to the Iowa Certified Nursery Professional Training program Module 7: Introduction to Plant Diseases and Insects.
Welcome to the Iowa Certified Nursery Professional Training program Module 7: Introduction to Plant Diseases and Insects. 1 After completing this module you should: 1. Understand the causes of abssiotic
More informationDr. Judith K. Brown The University of Arizona Tucson, AZ USA
Dr. Judith K. Brown The University of Arizona Tucson, AZ USA jbrown@ag.arizona.edu About 3,000 psyllid species worldwide Most psyllid species are specific to the plant hosts (family level) on which they
More informationUnit G: Pest Management. Lesson 2: Managing Crop Diseases
Unit G: Pest Management Lesson 2: Managing Crop Diseases 1 Terms Abiotic disease Bacteria Biotic disease Cultural disease control Disease avoidance Disease resistance Disease tolerance Fungi Infectious
More informationUnit D: Controlling Pests and Diseases in the Orchard. Lesson 5: Identify and Control Diseases in the Orchard
Unit D: Controlling Pests and Diseases in the Orchard Lesson 5: Identify and Control Diseases in the Orchard 1 Terms Abiotic disease Bacteria Biotic diseases Cultural disease control Disease avoidance
More information2 nd International Webinar Conference
2 nd International Sponsored by: 1:00 to 1:25 Eastern DON'T GET TRIPPED BY THRIPS: EFFECTIVE THRIPS MANAGEMENT Ray Cloyd Greenhouse Entomology rcloyd@ksu.edu Overview: What To Expect Introduction Biology,
More informationPEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT
PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT Arthropod Pests The examples of arthropod pests shown here are aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, mealybugs, corn earworm, and tomato hornworm. Aphids Aphids are small, soft-bodied
More informationInsect and other pests in high tunnel vegetables. Gerald Brust IPM Vegetable Specialist
Insect and other pests in high tunnel vegetables Gerald Brust IPM Vegetable Specialist Over the years high tunnel (HT) production of vegetables have enabled growers to extend their vegetable production
More informationINSECTS AND PESTS OF AFRICAN VIOLETS By Mary Lou Harden
INSECTS AND PESTS OF AFRICAN VIOLETS By Mary Lou Harden I. Insect and mite pests. Many different pests attack African violets. Some feed on the roots, some on the foliage, and others on the blooms. II.
More informationTomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) Information and Control Strategies
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) Information and Control Strategies Craig H. Canaday Dept. of Entomology and Plant Pathology The University of Tennessee West Tennessee Research and Education Center (WTREC)
More informationTodd A.Steinlage, Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Agriculture, Plant Materials Center
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Alaska Greenhouses and Nurseries Todd A.Steinlage, Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Agriculture, Plant Materials Center Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)
More informationCertified Arborist. Diagnosis and Plant Disorders. What is a healthy plant?
Certified Arborist Diagnosis and Plant Disorders What is a healthy plant? Vitality Ability to deal with stress Vigor Genetic ability to deal with stress 1 Many things combine to cause decline! Plant Health
More informationDiagnosing Plant Problems. A strategy to get started
+ Diagnosing Plant Problems A strategy to get started + Causes of plant damage Living factors Pests such as insects, mites, rodents, mammals Pathogens that cause disease such as fungi, bacteria, viruses,
More informationStudent Name: Teacher: Date: Test: 9_12 Agriculture AP41 - Horticulture I Test 2 Description: Pest Management District: Wake County Form: 501
Student Name: Teacher: Date: Test: 9_12 Agriculture AP41 - Horticulture I Test 2 Description: Pest Management District: Wake County Form: 501 1. Aimee uses traps in her garden to: 2. Which is MOST true
More informationCannabis Pests and the Insects That Eat Them!
Cannabis Pests and the Insects That Eat Them First Sign of Effective Predatory Insects Aphids wilted -looking plants that aren t thriving Pear shaped bodies, Tiny cornicles or dual exhaust pipes at the
More informationVegetable Diagnostics 101: Insects and Diseases
Vegetable Diagnostics 101: Insects and Diseases The 2013 Educational Program Committee is pleased to share conference educational materials with you under the condition that they are used without alteration
More informationPlant Disease Introduction. Larry A. Sagers Utah State University Extension Regional Horticulturist
Plant Disease Introduction Larry A. Sagers Utah State University Extension Regional Horticulturist Plant Pathology Basics Disease Anything that interferes with normal plant function Plant Pathology Basics
More informationA New Candidatus Liberibacter Species Associated with Solanaceous Plants
A New Candidatus Liberibacter Species Associated with Solanaceous Plants Lia Liefting, Bevan Weir, Lisa Ward, Kerry Paice, Gerard Clover Plant Health and Environment Laboratory MAF Biosecurity New Zealand
More information2016 Soybean Vein Necrosis Disease Survey
216 Soybean Vein Necrosis Disease Survey Nathan Kleczewski Ph.D. Extension Plant Pathologist Bill Cissel Extension IPM Agent University of Delaware Cooperative Extension Soybean Vein Necrosis Disease (SVND)
More informationPages in the Montana Master Gardener Handbook
Insect Identification Pages 309-326 in the Montana Master Gardener Handbook Integrated Pest Management Integrated Pest Management is an effective and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management
More informationCm W)aøs A.3.1. Blast (Pyricularia grisea) Description: The disease caused by fungal infection.
A.3. Diseases A.3.1. Cm W)aøs Blast (Pyricularia grisea) Picture 100 : Leaf blast. Description: The disease caused by fungal infection. Leaf blast: An infected leaf has diamond shaped or elliptical or
More informationWhat is a plant disease?
Master Gardener Intern Training Basic plant pathology Kevin Ong, PhD. Associate Professor and Extension Plant Pathologist Director Texas Plant Disease Diagnostic Laboratory College Station, TX What is
More informationPlant Disease Introduction
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Archived Publications Archived USU Extension Publications 6-30-2006 Plant Disease Introduction Larry A. Sagers Utah State University Follow this and additional
More informationTree and Shrub Insects
Aphids Aphids are small soft-bodied insects that suck plant juices. High aphid populations can cause leaves to yellow, curl, or drop early. The most bothersome aspect of aphids is the honeydew they produce.
More informationWhite flies and their natural enemies. Moshe cohen Bio-bee Sde Eliyahu Ltd. October 2015
White flies and their natural enemies Moshe cohen Bio-bee Sde Eliyahu Ltd. October 2015 White flies and their natural enemies: Two species of whiteflies. Attack flowers and vegetables crops: 1.Bemisia
More informationScale Insects. Order: Hemiptera. Families: Diaspididae (armored scales), Coccidae (soft scales), Eriococcidae (Felt scales), others
Scale Insects Order: Hemiptera Families: Diaspididae (armored scales), Coccidae (soft scales), Eriococcidae (Felt scales), others Scale Insect Basics Scale insects feed on plant fluids using piercing-sucking
More informationRose Black spot-diplocarpon rosae
Issue 20-July 16, 2013 This bulletin from the Cooperative Extension Plant Health Clinic (Plant Disease Clinic) is an electronic update about diseases and other problems observed in our lab each month.
More informationRoses: Back on the Menu. David Cook
Roses: Back on the Menu David Cook Feeding Symptoms: Stippling White or yellow spots, known as stippling, result when certain foliage feeders pierce leaf tissue with their mouthparts and remove cell sap.
More informationArthropods. Ch. 13, pg
Arthropods Ch. 13, pg. 374-382 382 Arthropods Insects Arachnids Centipedes and Millipedes Crustaceans Characteristics of Arthropods Arthropods have jointed appendages and include legs, antennae, claws,
More informationBasic Plant Pathology for Franklin County Master Gardener Volunteers. Nancy J. Taylor Plant Pathology Department Ohio State University
Basic Plant Pathology for Franklin County Master Gardener Volunteers Nancy J. Taylor Plant Pathology Department Ohio State University https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4 PuP_QbD14 Mildews Mildews Mildews
More information6 2 Insects and plants
6 2 Insects and plants Insect DIY 1. Find plant habitat 2. Find plant 3. Accept plant 4. Eat survive, reproduce Plant characteristics Shape structure Mechanical defenses trichomes Chemical defenses sap,
More informationPest Management for Vegetable Bedding Plants Grown in Greenhouses
Pest Management for Vegetable Bedding Plants Grown in Greenhouses For information on pest management for vegetable bedding plants see: Pest Management for Vegetable Bedding Plants Grown in Greenhouses
More informationPlant disease. Plant Diseases: Learning objectives: Plant Disease: Any physiological or structural abnormality that is harmful to the plant
Plant disease Plant Diseases: Identification and Control Melodie Putnam Extension Plant Pathologist Learning objectives: Difference between biotic and abiotic diseases and their manifestation Difference
More informationSymptoms associated with Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum in potato
Detection and identification of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum in potato and tomato Binoy Babu, Nicholas Dufault, Mathews Paret and Carrie L. Harmon A new bacterial species Candidatus Liberibacter
More informationBeneficial Aspects. Extent and Economic Importance. Entomology For Master Gardeners
Entomology For Master Gardeners Molly Greenwood Spring 2017 Extent and Economic Importance Major form of higher life Attack all stages of all species Damage equals harvest Beneficial aspects Beneficial
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Some selected insecticides and miticides for use on herb bedding plants Insecticide Target Pests
More informationNatural Insecticides. Eileen Buss, Ph.D. Entomology & Nematology Dept., UF/IFAS ;
Natural Insecticides Eileen Buss, Ph.D. Entomology & Nematology Dept., UF/IFAS 352-273-3976; eabuss@ufl.edu Learning Objectives Know the major categories of natural products and microbial insecticides;
More informationEntomology Review or What s that Bug? Lady Beetle larvae
Entomology Review or What s that Bug? Lady Beetle larvae pillbugs (crustaceans) spiders, ticks, and Not all bugs are insects. snails (molluscs) spiders (arachnids) centipedes (chilopods) mites (arachnids)
More informationField Guide to African Soybean Diseases and Pests
Introduction Field Guide to African Soybean Diseases and Pests Glen Hartman Harun Muthuri Murithi An electronic copy of this guide is available at: http://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/soybeandisease-diagnostic-guide
More informationKansas State University Department of Entomology Newsletter
Kansas State University Department of Entomology Newsletter For Agribusinesses, Applicators, Consultants, Extension Personnel & Homeowners Department of Entomology 123 West Waters Hall K-State Research
More informationCryotherapy: A New Method to Eliminate Pathogens from Sweetpotato Propagation Materials
Cryotherapy: A New Method to Eliminate Pathogens from Sweetpotato Propagation Materials Margaret Worthington Graduate Group in Horticulture and Agronomy University of California, Davis April 14, 2009 http://www.judithbarathart.com
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Selected insecticides & miticides labeled for insects & mites on vegetable bedding plants and transplants
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Selected insecticides & miticides labeled for insects & mites on vegetable bedding plants and transplants
More informationBasics of Plant Pathology. Pam Roberts Katherine Hendricks Southwest Florida Research and Education Center
Basics of Plant Pathology Pam Roberts Katherine Hendricks Southwest Florida Research and Education Center Historical Significance of Plant Diseases Sri Lanka France Late Blight on potato caused the Irish
More informationMinute Pirate Bug: A Beneficial Generalist Insect Predator
Minute Pirate Bug: A Beneficial Generalist Insect Predator Veronica Johnson* and Cerruti R 2 Hooks $ University of Maryland Dept. of Entomology * Graduate student and $ Associate professor and Extension
More informationIdentifying Thrips & Their Damage in New England Greenhouses
Identifying Thrips & Their Damage in New England Greenhouses Cheryl Frank and Alan Eaton University of Vermont and University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension January 2016 Thrips (Order: Thysanoptera)
More informationGypsy Moth Defoliation Harpers Ferry, Va
Gypsy Moth Defoliation Harpers Ferry, Va Common Bad Bugs Eastern Tent Caterpillar Bagworm Japanese Beetles Aphids Scale Insects Borers Eastern Tent Caterpillar Bagworm Japanese Beetles Aphids Soft Scales
More informationObjectives. Teaching Basic Entomology. My questions for you. Anatomy of an insect 2/27/15
Objectives GARDEN INSECT PESTS: HOW STUDENTS CAN ENGAGE IN INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT Introduction to entomology Provide examples of activities and exercises you can use in the classroom (k-8) Common insects
More informationIntegrated Pest Management. Larry A. Sagers Utah State University Extension Regional Horticulturist
Integrated Pest Management Larry A. Sagers Utah State University Extension Regional Horticulturist Reasons for IPM Not primarily for pesticide reduction Plant health is the goal Manage pests at acceptable
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Selected insecticides & miticides labeled for insects & mites on vegetable bedding plants and transplants
More informationTIME-LINE OF INFECTION
Review of Lecture 8: Getting inside the host is a critical step in disease development Fungal pathogens use contact and chemical tropisms to guide their way to a site where infection is possible Pathogens
More informationFacilitating biological control of insect pests on ornamental crops
Facilitating biological control of insect pests on ornamental crops Robert Hollingsworth Research Entomologist U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center 808-959-4349 robert.hollingsworth@ars.usda.gov
More informationInvolvement of Insects (Insecta: Artropoda) in Spreading of Plant Pathogens and Approaches for Pests Management
American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology Vol. 3, No. 1, 2018, pp. 1-8 http://www.aiscience.org/journal/ajmi Involvement of Insects (Insecta: Artropoda) in Spreading of Plant Pathogens and Approaches
More information*Add to Science Notebook Name 1
*Add to Science Notebook Name 1 Arthropods, Ch. 13, pg. 374-382 Characteristics of Arthropods *Arthropods are the largest group of animals. *Arthropods have jointed and include,,, and. *Arthropod appendages
More informationSoybean stem fly outbreak in soybean crops
Soybean stem fly outbreak in soybean crops By Kate Charleston Published: April 10, 2013 An estimated 4,000 ha of soybeans near Casino in Northern NSW have been affected to varying degrees by soybean stem
More information6 Very Beneficial Insects: To Know Them Is To Love Them!
6 Very Beneficial Insects: To Know Them Is To Love Them! Speaking strictly from a gardener s perspective There are good bugs, and there are bad bugs. And the more you have of the former, the fewer problems
More informationPlant Pathology Fact Sheet
Plant Pathology Fact Sheet PP-22 Selerotinia Diseases of Vegetable and Field Crops in Florida Ken Pernezny and L. H. Purdy, Professor, Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade; and Professor,
More informationKansas Insect Newsletter
For Agribusinesses, Applicators, Consultants and Extension Personnel Department of Entomology 123 West Waters Hall K-State Research and Extension Manhattan, Kansas 66506 785-532-5891 http://www.entomology.ksu.edu/extension
More informationAphids belong in the order Hemiptera and family
Published by Utah State University Extension and Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Laboratory ENT-108-07 July 2007 Aphids in alfalfa Erin W. Hodgson Extension Entomology Specialist What You Should Know Aphids
More informationthe final stage, the plant may be topped with tufts of small green leaves on blackened stems.
GERANIUM DISORDERS Joseph J. Maisano, Jr. Cooperative Extension Horticultural Agent Geraniums are plagued by a number of diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses and unfavorable environmental conditions.
More informationKansas Insect Newsletter
For Agribusinesses, Applicators, Consultants and Extension Personnel Department of Entomology 123 West Waters Hall K-State Research and Extension Manhattan, Kansas 66506 785-532-5891 http://www.entomology.ksu.edu/extension
More informationDo we understand how pinewood nematode kills trees? Some hypotheses
Do we understand how pinewood nematode kills trees? Some hypotheses Hugh Evans, Sam Evans & Makihiko Ikegami Forest Research, the research agency of the Forestry Commission, UK Adults emerge carrying nematodes
More informationIntegrated Pest Management in rice
Integrated Pest Management in rice Yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas)` Most dominant and destructive species The larvae of the borers enter the tiller to feed, grow and cause the characteristic
More informationPlant Health Care Diagnosis & Plant Disorders Diseases & Pests Construction Impacts
Plant Health Care Diagnosis & Plant Disorders Diseases & Pests Construction Impacts in 2 hours! Joseph Murray Staunton, VA < 1970s Cover sprays Broad spectrum pesticide control pests 1970s Integrated pest
More informationIdentifying the Good, the Bad & the Ugly
Identifying the Good, the Bad & the Ugly Cheryl Frank Sullivan & Margaret Skinner ~ Univ. of Vermont, Entomology Research Laboratory Anna Wallingford ~ Univ. of NH Extension Carol Glenister ~ IPM Laboratories,
More informationCitrus Huanglongbing: Understanding the Vector-Pathogen Interaction for Disease Management
Page 1 of 9 Feature Story December 2007 Image Slide Show Previous APSnet Features Unfamiliar word? See Glossary Interested in contributing an APSnet Feature? Have a comment? Please contact APSnet Feature
More informationCold damage to blueberry flowers affect fruit set of the plant causing reduction in fruit yield can be devastating (2007)
Limb dieback and leaf scorch of a Japanese Maple caused by cold damage to new growth in the spring, followed by extreme drought conditions in Georgia (2007) caused by a non-living factor Cold damage to
More informationAn Introduction to Natural Enemies for Biological Control of Pest Insects
An Introduction to Natural Enemies for Biological Control of Pest Insects Anna Fiedler, Doug Landis, Rufus Isaacs, Julianna Tuell Dept. of Entomology, Michigan State University Biological control Use of
More informationManaging Insects, Mites and Other Arthropods
Managing Insects, Mites and Other Arthropods This will be a brief look at the science behind insects and their relatives, as well as some examples of the different types of damage they can do to plants.
More informationBees. By: Jourdan Wu, Olakunle Olawonyi, Adina Gibson, Elizabeth Peterson. Image drawn by Adina Gibson using Sketchpad 5.1
Bees By: Jourdan Wu, Olakunle Olawonyi, Adina Gibson, Elizabeth Peterson Image drawn by Adina Gibson using Sketchpad 5.1 According to an Article by NRDC (Natural Resources Defense Council) titled Why We
More informationIntegrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension
Integrated Pest Management Program Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture UConn Extension Scouting Guidelines and Biological Control Options for Vegetable Bedding Plants and Transplants
More informationORGANIC GREENHOUSE TOMATO PRODUCTION TWILIGHT MEETING. Old Athens Farm, Westminster VT. Wednesday April 16, 2008, 4:00-7:00 PM
Vermont Vegetable and Berry News March 26, 2008 Compiled by Vern Grubinger, University of Vermont Extension (802) 257-7967 ext.13, vernon.grubinger@uvm.edu www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry ORGANIC GREENHOUSE
More informationPage # Herbivory. I. Introduction A. Functional types of heterotrophs. Predators. Parasites. Herbivores. How do they differ?
Herbivory I. Introduction A. Functional types of heterotrophs Predators Parasites Herbivores How do they differ? Functional types of heterotrophs Predators - kill and eat several animals (prey) over lifetime
More informationDistance Learning course Plant pathology and entomology Covered topics
Distance Learning course Plant pathology and entomology Covered topics The distance learning course Plant pathology and entomology consist of four online modules that treat with the main groups of plant
More informationIntrogression of type IV trichomes and zingiberene into tomato from S. habrochaites, LA2329: Current status
Introgression of type IV trichomes and zingiberene into tomato from S. habrochaites, LA2329: Current status John Snyder, Mohammad Dawood and Ammar Al-Bayati University of Kentucky Lexington, KY snyder@uky.edu
More informationIt is one of the most serious oak diseases in the United States, killing thousands of trees each year.
1 Oak Wilt is the disease caused by the pathogenic non-native fungus Ceratocystis fagacearum that affects oaks. Oaks in the red oak group (those with sharply pointed tips- like pin oak and red oak) are
More informationPlants Get Sick Too! An Introduction to Plant Diseases. Sarah D. Ellis Michael J. Boehm Department of Plant Pathology
FACT SHEET Agriculture and Natural Resources PP401.01 This is the first fact sheet in a series of ten designed to provide an overview of key concepts in plant pathology. Plant pathology is the study of
More informationInsects Affecting Commercial Jojoba Production in Arizona
Insects Affecting Commercial Jojoba Production in Arizona Item Type text; Article Authors Rethwisch, Michael D. Publisher College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Journal Deciduous Fruit
More informationLeaf and Stem Feeding Aphids
Cooperative Extension Service College of Agriculture B-1050.4 February, 1998 Leaf and Stem Feeding Aphids Order: Homoptera (aphids, whiteflies, scales, mealybugs, cicadas) Family: Aphididae (aphids) Metamorphosis:
More informationBringing In The Other Good Guys
Bringing In The Other Good Guys Cheryl Frank Sullivan & Margaret Skinner Univ. of Vermont Entomology Research Laboratory Tri-State Greenhouse IPM Workshops January 4-6, 2017 Predators vs Parasitoids Predators:
More informationDamsel Bug: A smooth-looking slender predator Cerruti R 2 Hooks $, Veronica Johnson* and Alan Leslie +, University of Maryland Dept.
Damsel Bug: A smooth-looking slender predator Cerruti R 2 Hooks $, Veronica Johnson* and Alan Leslie +, University of Maryland Dept. of Entomology $ Associate professor & Extension Specialist, *Graduate
More informationMaster Gardener - Plant Pathology
Master Gardener - Plant Pathology How do I enroll in the online course? 1. Go to http://learnonline.agrilife.org and look to the top right to find a login box. If you do have an account then log in with
More informationParasitic Diseases. Plants killing plants
Parasitic Diseases Plants killing plants Parasitic Plants According to the American Heritage Dictionary a parasite is- An organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while
More informationManaging stink bugs through cultural practices
Managing stink bugs through cultural practices Rachael Long, Farm Advisor, UC Cooperative Extension Yolo, Solano, Sacramento Counties, http://ceyolo.ucanr.edu Common stink bugs: Southern green (Africa
More informationGeneral comments about aphid biological control
General comments about aphid biological control Aphid advantages: Rapid colonization (winged forms) followed by rapid reproduction (wingless forms) The aphid s best defense is its reproductive rate Results
More informationNorth American Bramble Growers Research Foundation 2016 Report. Fire Blight: An Emerging Problem for Blackberry Growers in the Mid-South
North American Bramble Growers Research Foundation 2016 Report Fire Blight: An Emerging Problem for Blackberry Growers in the Mid-South Principal Investigator: Burt Bluhm University of Arkansas Department
More informationwww.ugaextension.com 1 General Entomology Susan Ellis, www.insectimages.org Prepared from information written by Dr. Kris Braman, Dr. Beverly Sparks, Dr. David Adams Learning objectives Basic classification
More informationBacterial Leaf Scorch of Blueberry
Bacterial Leaf Scorch of Blueberry Phillip M. Brannen 1, Gerard Krewer 2, Bob Boland 3, Dan Horton 4, C. J. Chang 5 University of Georgia Relative to total sales, blueberries are the number one fruit commodity
More informationDefining the Insect Pest Management Needs of a New Crop: Industrial Hemp. Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University
Defining the Insect Pest Management Needs of a New Crop: Industrial Hemp Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University Hemp (broad sense) Cultivars of Cannabis with low levels* of psychoactive compounds
More informationStrategies to Optimize Thrips Control in the Klamath Basin
Strategies to Optimize Thrips Control in the Klamath Basin Steve Orloff, Farm Advisor, Siskiyou County Larry Godfrey, Entomology Specialist, UCD Rob Wilson, IREC Director Funded by CGORAB Thrips feed by
More informationPlant Pathology For Master Gardeners
Plant Pathology For Master Gardeners Pamela Geisel Environmental Horticulture Advisor, Emeritus pgeisel@ucanr.edu Learning Objectives Understand basic plant disease concepts and some of the terminology
More informationEntomology Basics Chris Becker Regional Extension Agent Alabama Cooperative Extension System
www.anilrana13014.weebly.com www.k8449r.weebly.com Entomology Basics Chris Becker Regional Extension Agent Alabama Cooperative Extension System Table of Contents Fun Facts Introduction to Insects Growth
More informationTitle of the Experiment: Identify the types of insect pests and their damage (Activity number of the GCE Advanced Level practical Guide - 35)
Lesson 22 Title of the Experiment: Identify the types of insect pests and their damage (Activity number of the GCE Advanced Level practical Guide - 35) Name and affiliation of the authors: Professor (Ms)
More informationR2103 MAINTAINING PLANT HEALTH
Including Examiners Comments R0 MAINTAINING PLANT HEALTH Level Monday 0 June 06 :0 :0 Written Examination Candidate Number: Candidate Name: Centre Number/Name:.. IMPORTANT Please read carefully before
More informationIntroduction to Insects
Introduction to Insects PJ Liesch UW-Madison Dept. Entomology! What%are%Insects?%! Spiders%and%other%critters%! Insect%Biology%! Anatomy%! Damage%they%cause%! Growth%and%Development%! Diversity%and%Classification%!
More informationBanana t hri p s i n t he We s t I ndi e s
Thrips are tiny (1-2 mm), slender insects with typical long fringes on the margins of their narrow wings. Adults may cause major damage by puncturing the fruit epidermis to suck out the contents. The fruit
More informationWhitney Cranshaw Colorado State University
Natural and Biological Controls of Shade Tree Insect Pests Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University Natural Controls Natural Enemies Abiotic (Weather) Controls Topographic Limitations Temperature Extremes
More informationIPM: PESTS THREE MAIN POINTS
IPM: PESTS THREE MAIN POINTS 1. Understanding the damage can help identify the pest 2. Most pests have some kind of biological controls 3. Low levels of most pests are tolerable 1 IPM: PESTS What s Inside
More informationEXTERNAL ANATOMY OF INSECTS
External Anatomy of Insects 1 The insect s exoskeleton is made up of a series of plates EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF INSECTS These plates make up the insect s exoskeleton. These plates are connected by joints or
More information