3-7 July Combined Congress of the Entomological and

Transcription

1 ESSA and ZSSA combined congress 207 CSIR, Pretoria 3-7 July Combined Congress of the Entomological and Zoological Societies of Southern Africa CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa Abstracts and programme

2 Sponsors Jewel Beetle sponsor - R50,000 Amethyst Sunbird sponsor - R25,000 Opal Butterfly sponsor - R2,500 Exhibitors 2

3 Canadian Journal of Zoology Canadian Journal of Zoology Published since 929, this monthly journal reports on primary research in the broad field of zoology. Offering rapid publication, no submission or page charges, broad readership and indexing, liberal author rights, and options for open access. Canadian Journal of Zoology is published by Canadian Science Publishing.

4 Canadian Journal of Zoology CALL FOR PAPERS Published since 929, this monthly journal reports on primary research contributed by respected international scientists in the broad field of zoology, including behaviour, biochemistry and physiology, developmental biology, ecology, genetics, morphology and ultrastructure, parasitology and pathology, and systematics and evolution. It also invites experts to submit review articles on topics of current interest. The Canadian Journal of Zoology is proudly affiliated with the Canadian Society of Zoologists. Editor: Dr. Helga Guderley Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada Editor: Dr. R. Mark Brigham University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada To learn more about CJZ, visit: nrcresearchpress.com/cjz For information on how to submit, visit: nrcresearchpress.com/page/cjz/authors Canadian Science Publishing (CSP) publishes the award-winning NRC Research Press suite of journals, many of which have been in publication since 929 and FACETS, Canada s first multidisciplinary open access science journal. CSP is an independent, not-for-profit scholarly publisher dedicated to serving the needs of researchers and their communities.

5 Local organising committee: ESSA Co-Chair: Dr Chris Weldon ZSSA Co-Chair: Prof. Andrew McKechnie ESSA Student Representative: Ms Zoë van Vuuren ZSSA Student Representative: Mr Matthew Noakes Lunchtime Workshop Coordinator: Dr Heather Campbell Prof. Chris Chimimba Prof. P. J. Nico de Bruyn Ms Alexandra Howard Prof. Kerstin Krüger Dr Heike Lutermann Prof. Christian Pirk Prof. Mark Robertson Annual Research Symposium on the Management of Biological Invasions in Southern Africa Co-Chairs: Dr Danica Marlin (School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand) Prof. Marcus Byrne (School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand) Abstract Technical Editor: Dr Martin Krüger (Ditsong Museum) Event organiser Abstract Reviewers: Prof. Armanda Bastos (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Prof. Marcus Byrne (School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand) Dr Heather Campbell (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Mr Blair Cowie (South African Green Industries Council) Dr Gudrun Dittrich-Schröder (Forestry and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria) Dr Ezette du Rand (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Prof. Frances Duncan (School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand) Dr Brett Hurley (Forestry and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria) Mr Philip Ivey (South African National Biodiversity Institute) Prof. Kerstin Krüger (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Dr Aliza le Roux (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State) Prof. Schalk Louw (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State) Dr Heike Lutermann (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Dr Sarita Maree (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Dr Danica Marlin (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Dr Olabimpe Okosun (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Dr Marietjie Oosthuizen (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Prof. Mark Robertson (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Mr Nic Venter (School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand) Dr Chris Weldon (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria) Prof. Edward Witkowski (School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand) Dr Darragh Woodford (School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand) Petrie Vogel Tel: / Fax: , petrie@savetcon.co.za 5

6 Contents Sponsors...2 Canadian Journal of Zoology...3 Contents...6 Programme...23 Plenary speaker abstracts.33 Sex, drugs and ecosystem services: the ecological functions of nectar toxins...34 Philip C Stevenson Invasion biology and management: Progress, problems, and polemics...35 Daniel Simberloff Climate change and ecotoxicology: predicting toxicant exposure and impacts on ectotherms in warming environments...36 Karasov, W.H., Brown, C.T., and J.M. Yahn. Work Skills, Education for Sustainable Development in a safe and just space for humanity...37 Dr Jim Taylor South Africa s first national status report on biological invasions...38 Brian W. van Wilgen Abstracts are alphabetical according to presenting author (underlined) Circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in captive Emin s mole-rats, Heliophobius emini (Rodentia: Bathyergidae)...43 Simone Ackermann, Nigel Bennett, Maria Oosthuizen Antioxidant enzymes in wheat play a role in Alexin mediated resistance to Russian wheat aphid...44 Joan Adendorff, Astrid Jankielsohn 2, Schalk vdm. Louw, Lintle Mohase Endemic grasshopper species distribution in an agro-natural landscape of the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa...45 Samuel Adu-Acheampong Effect of radiation on longevity of an Anopheles arabiensis strain targeted for SIT releases...46 Eunice Agubuzo,2, Malibongwe Zulu,2, Alan Kamp 3, Givemore Munhenga,2, Lizette Koekemoer, The evolution of complex phenotypes in lizards: can multiple physiological functions be optimized at the same time?...47 Karla Alujevic, Michael Logan 2, Jeffrey Streicher 3, Susana Clusella-Trullas New insights into the life history of the dodo from bone histology...48 Delphine Angst, Anusuya Chinsamy, Lorna Steel 2, Julian Hume The effect of pollutants and agricultural practices on soil mesofaunal assemblages...49 Hannelene Badenhorst, Charlene Janion-Scheepers 2, Schalk Louw Evaluation of measurement error in rotational mounting of Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) species in geometric morphometrics.50 Deon Bakkes Oral abstracts Establishment of the biological control agent, Zygogramma bicolorata on Parthenium hysterophorus in South Africa: is soil moisture important?...40 Tristan Abels, Marcus Byrne,2, Ed Witkowski, Lorraine Strathie Suitability of entomopathogenic fungal isolates for microbial control of citrus pests: biological traits and effect of formulation...4 Mavis Acheampong, Martin Hill, Sean Moore,2, Candice Coombes Nurturing Citizen Scientists through local employment in the conservation sector...42 Cherise Acker-Cooper, Jeanne Tarrant Increasing wheat resistance to Russian wheat aphid Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) biotypes...5 Theresa Bapela,2, Vicki Tolmay,2, Toi Tsilo, The role of silicon in the biological control of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub (Pontederiaceae)...52 Nompumelelo Baso, Julie Coetzee The area-wide spatio-temporal distribution of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) populations in the Western Cape, South Africa...53 Francois Bekker, Adriaan Van Niekerk, Matthew Addison 2, Pia Addison Temperature, pesticides and honey bees - a hot mess?...54 Laura Bester, Christian Pirk

7 05 - Life on the Dragon s Back: the cold, not the heat, limits the distribution and behaviour of montane ants...55 Tom Bishop, Mark Robertson, Berndt Janse van Rensburg 3,4, Catherine Parr Resurrection ecology of invertebrates in temporary wetlands in the Cape Floristic region: effects of urbanisation and fire...56 Michelle Blanckenberg, Musa Mlambo 2, Cecile Reed An assessment of whether thermal tolerance is a driving factor of non-native fish invasion fronts...57 Lesley Bloy,2, Bianca Hannweg,2, Helen Dallas 4, Olaf Weyl 2, Tall timber: habitat selection of a treeroosting bat during the reproductive season...58 Shelby Bohn, Mark Brigham Performance of honeybees (Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier) under laboratory conditions: effects of diet state (liquid or solid) on survival and nutrient regulation...59 Henrika Bosua, Susan Nicolson, Ruth Archer 2, Christian Pirk The effect of diet restriction on core body temperature patterns in captive African buffalo exposed to hot summer conditions...60 Arista Botha, Andrea Fuller, Robyn Hetem Forest patch status and soil health indices along a topographical gradient within afromontane grasslands...6 Jason Botham, Vaughn Swart, Emile Bredenhand 2, Charles Haddad Field-testing a non-invasive doubly labelled water technique for measuring physiological heat stress in southern pied babblers...62 Amanda Bourne, Andrew McKechnie 2, Amanda Ridley,3, Susan Cunningham Thermoregulation by captive and freeranging Egyptian rousette bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) in South Africa...63 Mark Brigham, Robert Barclay 2, David Jacobs 3, Craig Harding 3, Andrew McKechnie 4, Stewart McCullough 4, Wanda Markotter 4, Janusz Paweska Winter is coming: the overwintering survival strategy of African malaria vectors and their physiological and behavioural responses to simulated dry-season conditions...64 Ashley Burke,2, Innocent Kambule 3, Frances Duncan 3, Basil Brooke 2, 03 - Host specificity of the parasitoid Psyllaephagus bliteus, a biological control agent of Glycaspis brimblecombei...65 Samantha Bush, Bernard Slippers 2, Brett Hurley Research and politics: Mbeki s denialism of HIV-AIDS...66 Michael Cherry Palaeobiology of the giant insular extinct bird, Aepyornis maximus...67 Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan, Delphine Angst, Aurore Canoville,2, Ursula Gohlich Intersite movements and associations of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) ashore at Marion Island...68 Erin Church, Marthan Bester, P. J. Nico De Bruyn The dissemination of fungal pathogens on avocado trees in South Africa, with reference to vector potential of insect pests...69 Jolene Coertzen, De Villiers Fourie Thermal tolerance in the grain chinch bug, Macchiademus diplopterus, and the influence of controlled atmospheres for post-harvest control...70 Stephan Coetzee, Leigh Boardman 2, John Terblanche, Shelley Johnson Testing the thermal limits of Eccritotarsus catarinensis Carvalho (Hemiptera: Miridae): acclimation or heritability?...7 Jordan Porter 2, Julie Coetzee, Candice Owen 3, Steve Compton 2, Unmasking evolutionary diversity among two closely related South African legless skink species (Acontinae: Acontias) using molecular data...72 Theo Busschau, Werner Conradie 2,3, Adriaan Jordaan 4, Saverl Daniels Determining population dynamics of the endangered Kloof frog, Natalobatrachus bonebergi, through landscape genetics and monitoring towards improving conservation interventions...73 Jeanne Tarrant, Adrian Armstrong 2, Cameron Price 3, Sandi Willows-Munro 3, Werner Conradie 4,5, C. Cormack Factors affecting nocturnal signalling behaviour in the bladder grasshopper Bullacris unicolor...74 Vanessa Couldridge, Tarne Johannes A dirty agent: photosynthetic response of Parthenium hysterophorus to defoliation by the leaf-feeding beetle Zygogramma bicolorata...75 Blair Cowie,2, Ed Witkowski, Marcus Byrne,2, Lorraine Strathie 3, Jeremy Goodall 3,, Nic Venter Sex pheromone doubles as social regulator in honey bee societies...76 Robin Crewe Trade-offs between foraging and thermoregulation underpin sublethal costs of climate change in birds...77 Susan Cunningham, Kate du Plessis, Tanja van de Ven, Ryan Olinger, Rowan Martin, Thomas Flower 4,, Amanda Ridley 3,, Andrew McKechnie Study of the sexual maturity and mating of the male of An. funestus...78 Yael Dahan-Moss,2, Christina Moletsane, Zilindile Zulu, Duma Mnisi, Jacek Zawada,2, Lizette Koekemoer,2 7

8 Natal fly versus the Cape fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces, South Africa...79 John-Henry Daneel, Aruna Manrakhan, Johnnie Van Den Berg Taxonomic overview of the tribe Sisyphini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) in southern Africa...80 Gimo Daniel, Adrian Davis, Catherine Sole, Clarke Scholtz Evaluation of Tiny Targets as an additional control technique for Glossina austeni and Glossina brevipalpis populations in South Africa...8 Chantel de Beer, Gert Venter, Johan Esterhuizen Conservation planning for one of the rarest and most threatened damselflies in the world...82 Charl Deacon, Michael Samways The Leptocybe invasa genome: a window to understanding the biology of a serious invasive Eucalyptus pest...83 Gudrun Dittrich-Schröder,2, Brett P. Hurley,2, Michael J. Wingfield,2, Alisa Postma Smidt,4, Bernard Slippers, The role of frugivorous birds in seed dispersal and germination of the invasive plant species Brazilian pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius) and Indian laurel (Litsea glutinosa)...84 Pumla Dlamini, Costas Zachariades 3, Colleen Downs, Entomopathogens isolated from local deciduous fruit orchards and vineyards in efforts to control the banded fruit weevil (BFW), Phlyctinus callosus (Schoenherr) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)...85 Bonginkhosi Dlamini, Antoinette Malan, Pia Addison Impact of habitat fragmentation and habitat structure on the occupancy of forest mammals in ethekwini Municipality...86 Manqoba Zungu, Mfundo Maseko, Riddhika Kalle, Tharmalingam Ramesh, Colleen Downs Modelling the overwintering limits and range dynamics of Spodoptera frugiperda in southern Africa using CLIMEX...87 Hannalene Du Plessis, Darren Kriticos 2,3, Johnnie Van den Berg Detoxification ability of honeybee larvae has been underestimated...88 Esther E. du Rand,2, Hannelie Human 2, Salome Smit 3, Zeno Apostolides, Susan W. Nicolson 2, Christian C.W. Pirk Diversity and distribution of litter and topsoil arthropods in timber plantation landscape mosaics: the biodiversity value of hydromorphic grasslands...89 M. Eckert, R. Gaigher, J.S. Pryke, M.J. Samways 02 - Enemy release and evolution of traits in the invasive cactus Pereskia aculeata...90 Ikponmwosa Egbon,2, Stephen Compton 2,3, Iain Paterson Prevalence of haemoparasites on small mammals in fallow lands within Mukwe Constituency, Kavango East Region, Namibia...9 Saima Kapia, Seth Eiseb, Loth Mulungu 2, Ginethon Mhamphi 2, Steven Belmain The importance and evolution of the underappreciated keystone fly pollinators of Namaqualand...92 Allan Ellis Development of stem borers on Bt and non- Bt maize plant crosses...93 Reynardt Erasmus, Hannalene Du Plessis, Johnnie Van den Berg, Annemie Erasmus 3, Angelika Hilbeck 2, Miluse Trtikova Prioritising surveillance for marine organisms transported as stowaways on ships...94 Katelyn T. Faulkner,2, Mark P. Robertson 2, Mathieu Rouget 3,4, John R. Wilson, Systematics of the Afrotropical Chalcididae (Chalcidoidea: Hymenoptera)...95 Sariana Faure, Steve Compton, Simon van Noort 2, Astrid Cruaud 3, Jean-Yves Rasplus 3, Gerard Delvare 4, Sabine Nidelet Carrion feeding ecology of the Cape grey mongoose and its forensic implications...96 Devin Finaughty, Alan Morris Genetic diversity of Deladenus siricidicola, the biological control agent of the woodwasp Sirex noctilio...97 Katrin Fitza,2, Jeff Garnas, Matt Ayres, Flora Krivak-Tetley, Kevin Dodds, Maria Lombardero, Ecki Brockerhoff, Michael Wingfield, Bernard Slippers Habitat, aspect and elevation interact to affect the relative roles of turnover and nestedness in explaining ant beta diversity across the Soutpansberg.98 Stefan Foord, Caswell Munyai Investigation of possible pyrethroid resistance development in two-spotted stinkbug, Bathycoelia distincta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on macadamia in South Africa...99 De Villiers Fourie, Schalk Louw, Schalk Schoeman Below-ground impacts of selected invasive alien plants in Kruger National Park, South Africa...00 Llewellyn Foxcroft,2, Ana Novoa 2, Johannes Le Roux Matrix transformation alters species-area relationships in fragmented coastal forests...0 Marc Freeman, Pieter Olivier, Rudi van Aarde Non-invasive monitoring of endocrine markers in wildlife...02 Andre Ganswindt, The complex Leptocybe invasa gall community on Eucalyptus...03 Caitlin R. Gevers,2, Gudrun Dittrich-Schröder,2, Samantha J. Bush,2, Andrew Morris 3, Ilaria 8

9 Germishuizen 3, Bernard Slippers,2, Brett P. Hurley, Seasonal abundance of forensically related flies from greater Johannesburg...04 Allison Gilbert,2, Richard Hunt 2, Maureen Coetzee, Plasticity and cross tolerance to heterogenous environments: divergent stress responses co-evolved in an African fruit fly...05 Nonofo Gotcha, John, S. Terblanche 2, Casper Nyamukondiwa Estimating the distribution, spread and abundance of Acacia dealbata in the northern Eastern Cape...06 Aidan Gouws, Charlie Shackleton Rodent responses to volatile compounds provide insights into the function of floral scent in mammal-pollinated plants...07 Keeveshnee Govender, Steven Dene Johnson Dispersal and mating patterns of the parasitic nematode, Spirocerca lupi...08 Jaco M. Greeff, Kerry Reid, Janishtha R. Mitha, Sarah J. Clift 2, Pamela J. de Waal Longhorn beetles: the good, the bad and the ugly (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)...09 Elizabeth Grobbelaar Undercover complications: the trend for growing citrus under net provides new opportunities for pest management research...0 Tim Grout The questionable impact of elephants on others. Robert Guldemond, Andrew Purdon, Rudi van Aarde The Natural Science Collections Facility...2 Michelle Hamer Generating foundational biodiversity information that addresses the needs of society...3 Michelle Hamer, Lita Pauw Behavioral response of the bark beetle, Ips typographus, to commonly associated ophiosomatoid fungi...4 Dineshkumar Kandasamy 2, Almuth Hammerbacher Association between an artificial and a natural habitat of the Eastern Cape redfin minnow...5 Bianca Hannweg,2, Lesley Bloy,2, Sean Marr 2,3, Olaf Weyl 2, Rhinoceros beetles of southern Africa: a planned book...6 James Harrison Effect of an insecticide application at different frequencies on nut development in pecan trees, Carya illinoinensis (Juglandaceae)...7 Justin Hatting, Hardus Du Toit Sable antelope display flexibility in body temperature regulation and behavioural patterns during the dry season...8 Kiara A. Haylock, Francesca Parrini, W. Maartin Strauss 2,3, Piet Beytell 4, Carl-Heinz Moeller 4, Robyn S. Hetem 2, Scaly bacteria: the quest to identify pangolin pathogens...9 Sean Heighton, Darren Pietersen, Armanda Bastos Community based implementation is vital to the wide-scale success of weed biological control in South Africa...20 M.P. Hill, J.A. Coetzee 2, I.D. Paterson, G.D. Martin, J. Hill, K. Weaver Potential factors influencing the establishment success of Dicomada rufa, a biological control agent for Hakea sericea in South Africa...2 Kelby English, John Hoffmann, Candice Lyons Dispersal patterns and animal personality in the eastern rock sengi (Elephantulus myurus)...22 Sasha Hoffmann, Heike Lutermann, Heather Webster 2, Nigel Bennett, Bettine van Vuuren New methods for analysing species communities: multivariate modelling and Bayesian ordination...23 Sanet Hugo,2, Res Altwegg 2,3, Terence Bellingan 4,5, Olaf Weyl, What is sustaining the capensis calamity?...24 Hannelie Human, Christian Pirk Management of insect pests in planted forests: challenges for developing economies...25 Brett Hurley, Bernard Slippers, Shiroma Sathyapala 2, Michael Wingfield Global invasive spread and risk of the phytophagous fall armyworm: climate change implications...26 Brian Isabirye, Ivan Rwomushana 2, Anne Akol 3, Alex Mayamba 4, Frank Kagoda 5, Sevgan Subramanian Soil Fusarium survey of the grassland biome of South Africa...27 Adriaana Jacobs, Lydia Mojela 2, Eduard Venter 2, Brett Summerell Assessing the eradication feasibility of Chondrilla juncea L. (Skeleton weed)...28 Kanyisa Jama, Sihle Manzana Local entomopathogenic nematodes - can they help control the Mediterranean fruit fly?...29 Monique James, Antoinette Malan, Pia Addison A need for knowledge of soil biota ecological function in southern Africa...30 Dr. Charlene Janion-Scheepers 9

10 075 - Interspecific competition between Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles arabiensis under polluted conditions...3 Alexander Jeanrenaud 2, Kirsten Barnard 2, Basil Brooke,2, Shüné Oliver, An assessment of the status of alien ferns in South Africa...32 Emily Joy Jones,2, Tineke Kraaij, Desika Moodley A mark-release-recapture pilot trial using colonized Anopheles arabiensis in Mamfene, KwaZulu-Natal...33 Maria Kaiser,2, Givemore Munhenga 2,, Oliver Wood,2, Leanne Lobb,2, Jabulani Zikhali, Nelius Venter,2, Jacek Zawada,2, Erica Erlank,2, Basil Brooke 2,, Lizette Koekemoer, Evaluation and comparison of various plant extracts for the management of Lucilia sericata...34 Ms. Bianca Jayde Kay Herbivorous insect community composition is coupled to plant species and plant phylogenetic community composition across short spatial scales in the Cape Floristic Region...35 Jurene Kemp, Peter Linder 2, Allan Ellis Habitat use by honey badgers and the influence of predators in isimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa...36 Enhle Kheswa, Tharmalingam Ramesh,2, Riddhika Kalle,3, Colleen Downs The extent of black bass distribution in South Africa...37 Dumisani Khosa,2, Sean Marr 2, Ryan Wasserman 2,4, Olaf Weyl 2, Postharvest detection of Thaumatotibia leucotreta in citrus fruit in South Africa...38 Wayne Kirkman, Sean Moore,2, Martin Hill 2, Frikkie de Beer 3, Jacobus Hoffmann 3, Rui Krause 4, Timothy Gibson Attempts at biological control of small round-leaved prickly pear (Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck ex Engelm.) (Cactaceae) in South Africa...39 Hildegard Klein Diversity and prevalence of Bartonella in Gerbillus nanus from Saudi Arabia...40 Dewald Kleynhans, Luiza Hatyoka, Joshua Sarli, Abdulaziz Alagaili 2, Nigel Bennett, Armanda Bastos Response of aphids to heat waves and drought..4 Kerstin Krüger, Lezel Beetge Small mammal landscape corridor usage in a fragmented grassland ecosystem in Mpumalanga province, South Africa...42 Michelle Kral, Chris Chimimba, Mark Robertson A risk analysis framework for the listing of alien species under regulations...43 Sabrina Kumschick,2, John Wilson 2,, Llewellyn Foxcroft 3, The role of olfaction in host plant location of the leafhopper vector of aster yellows phytoplasma in grapevine...44 M. Roleen La Grange, Michelle L. Schröder, Rickard Ignell 2, Robert Glinwood 2, Marc Bouwer, Kerstin Krüger Prevalence and diversity of tick-borne Anaplasmataceae in indigenous commensal rodents (Rodentia: Muridae and Nesomyidae) from Gauteng province, South Africa...45 Anja le Grange, Helene Brettschneider, Christian T Chimimba,2, Armanda DS Bastos Guidelines and tools for planning and management of alien plant species invasions...46 David Le Maitre,2, Greg Forsyth Must science #fall for a real connection to be forged with society?...47 Aliza le Roux, Melissa Hansen Understanding the impacts of invasive legumes on soil microbial community composition and function in South Africa s Cape Floristic Region..48 Johannes Le Roux, Allan Ellis, Jan-Hendrik Keet, Cang Hui 03 - Bush encroachment slows decomposition and termite activity in an African savanna...49 Monica Leitner, Andrew Davies 2,3, Catherine Parr 4,5, Paul Eggleton 6, Mark Robertson Almost a decade of water-dependent bird monitoring along the Olifants River, Kruger NP...50 Rion Lerm, André Botha Densities of Arthroleptella lightfooti across the Cape Peninsula: preliminary results from acoustic spatial capture-recapture...5 Marike Louw, Res Altwegg 2, Andrew Turner 3, Jasper Slingsby 4, Ben Stevenson 5, David Borchers 6, John Measey Managing change in cropping system soils requires strategic thinking...52 Schalk Louw Monitoring population trends of false codling moth, carob moth and Mediterranean fruit fly on multi-crop farms in the Western Cape...53 Claire Love, Martin Gilbert Keratinous tissue as a matrix for obtaining time-based biochemical data...54 Nico Lubcker, Ryan Reisinger, Chris Oosthuizen, Richard Condit 2, Roxanne Beltran 3, Andre van Tonder, Pierre Pistorius 4, Nico de Bruyn, Kailen Padayachee 5, Gerhard Malan 5, Pieter Swart 6, Grant Hall, Stephan Woodborne, Marthan Bester Variation of morphometric and demographic parameters in eastern rock sengi populations...55 Dina Fagir, Sasha Hoffmann, Heike Lutermann 0

11 New predatory mite species of the genera Eustigmaeus Berlese, 90 and Eryngiopus Summers, 964 from citrus in Florida, USA (Acari: Stigmaeidae)...56 Pholoshoi Maake, Eddie Ueckermann 2, Carl Childers Biological control against two Australian invaders, Acacia longifolia and A. pycnantha in South Africa - Are we winning the war?...57 Pride Mudavanhu, Lulama Madire Diamondback moth pest status in Botswana: current control methods, perceptions and knowledge of alternative pest management options...58 Honest Machekano, Brighton, M. Mvumi 2, Casper Nyamukondiwa Pre-release assessment of the root-feeding flea beetle, Heikertingerella sp. (Coleoptera: Alticini), on an invasive tree, Tecoma stans, under quarantine laboratory conditions...59 Lulama Gracious Madire The impact of the indigenous seed wasp Megastigmus transvaalensis, a new association herbivore on Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) in South Africa...60 Nwabisa Magengelele, Unathi L.P Heshula 2, Martin Hill, Steve Compton Phylogeny of the genus Chamaeleo and an investigation of cryptic speciation in the common flap-necked chameleon (Chamaeleo dilepis)...6 Devon Main, Krystal Tolley 2,3, Bettine van Vuuren Eichhornia crassipes responses to Megamelus scutellaris feeding under varied nitrogen and temperature...62 Chumakwande Makehle, Martin Hill, Unathi-Nkosi Heshula Heat tolerance and evaporative cooling capacity in speckled mousebirds (Colius striatus)...63 Sekgwari Malematja, Matthew Noakes, Andrew McKechnie Food, sex and death: any compromises? Nutritional geometry of a specialist pest fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae)...64 Kevin Malod, Ruth Archer 2, John Hunt 2,3, Sue Nicolson, Chris Weldon The Oriental fruit fly: four years after first establishment in the northern areas of South Africa...65 Aruna Manrakhan, Christopher Weldon 2, Pia Addison 3, Minette Karsten 3, Louisa Makumbe 2, Welma Pieterse 3, Charmaine Theron 2, Xolani Sibiya 2, John- Henry Daneel Explaining extinction risk pattern in the African Cyprinidae: it is all about wrong origin and wrong location...66 Adeoba Mariam, Yessoufou Kowiyou Host-preference of the beetle Diorhabda carinulata on invasive and indigenous Tamarix species (Tamaricaceae) in South Africa...67 Danica Marlin, Etienne Smit, Marcus Byrne, Evaluating invasion risk for freshwater fishes in South Africa...68 Sean Marr,2, Bruce Ellender,2, Darragh Woodford 2,3, Mhairi Alexander 4,5, Ryan Wasserman,6, Philip Ivey 7, Tzungai Zengeya 7, Olaf Weyl, Biological control of Salvinia molesta in South Africa revisited...69 Grant Martin, Julie Coetzee, Philip Weyl, Mathew Parkinson, Martin Hill Response of crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera edouardi), a forest specialist, to spatial variation in land use in isimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa...70 Mfundo Maseko, Tharmalingam Ramesh, Riddhika Kalle, Colleen Downs Changes in landuse alter ant diversity, assemblages and dominant functional traits in African savannas...7 Evans V. Mauda, Grant S. Joseph 2,3, Colleen L. Seymour 3,4, Thinandavha C. Munyai 5, Stefan H. Foord A revision of the endemic South African spider genus Drassodella Hewitt, 96 (Araneae: Gallieniellidae)...72 Zingisile Mbo, Charles Haddad A comparison of plant vigour between Tamarix species and hybrids and their susceptibility to Opsius stactogalus in South Africa...73 Siphosenkosi Mbonani, Solomon Newete, Danica Marlin, Nic Venter Phylogenetic variation in heat tolerance and evaporative cooling capacity among Kalahari Desert birds...74 Andrew McKechnie, Matthew Noakes, Ben Smit 2, Maxine Whitfield 2, Blair Wolf Effects of food restriction and photoperiod on reproduction in male spiny mice: evidence for terminal investment?...75 Ruan de Bruin, Nigel C. Bennett, Andre Ganswindt 2,, Katarina Medger Current progress in providing digital access to the primary type specimen holdings of the South African National Collection of Insects...76 Ian Millar Plasticity of traits of competing invasive and native ladybirds in a changing environment...77 Ingrid Minnaar, Cang Hui 2,3, Susana Clusella-Trullas Thermal adaptation of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, to variable environments: a multigenerational experiment...78 Ingrid Minnaar, Johannes Le Roux, Cang Hui 2,3, Susana Clusella-Trullas

12 Diversity in the Sirex-Amylostereum- Deladenus complex: understanding pest invasion and guiding management through biological control...79 X. Osmond Mlonyeni, Brenda D. Wingfield, Jaco M. Greeff, Michael J. Wingfield, Bernard Slippers Behavioural observation experiments on cryptic species of Eccritotarsus (Hemiptera: Miridae), biological control agents of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Martius) Solms- Laubach (Pontederiaceae)...80 Sandiso Mnguni, Unathi-Nkosi LP Heshula 2,, Iain P Paterson, Julie A Coetzee Assessing the relative impact potential of successfully introduced fishes in man-made aquatic environments...8 Lubabalo Mofu,2, Darragh Woodford 3,4, Ryan Wasserman 3,5, Olaf Weyl 2, South African Russian wheat aphid biotypes induce differential responses in farmers wheat varieties grown in the highlands of Lesotho...82 Lintle Mohase, Pitso Masupha, Astrid Jankielson Do elephants migrate?...83 Michael Mole, Andrew Purdon, Rudi van Aarde Exploitation or valid justification? The use of animal specimens in forensic science research...84 Calvin Mole, Marise Heyns Hyperspectral Remote Sensing to discriminate between Tamarix species and their hybrids in South Africa...85 Lerato Molekoa, Solomon Newete, Marcus Byrne, Elhadi Adams Foraging behaviour and thermal physiology in Cape sugarbirds: sex-specific responses to temperature...86 Mokgatla Molepo, Ben Smit, Susan Cunningham 2, Alan Lee Unravelling the fine-scale spatial genetic structure of a springtail on sub-antarctic Marion Island...87 Daniela Monsanto, Peter Teske, Ian Meiklejohn 2, Bettine van Vuuren 08 - Quantifying the ecological benefits through biodiversity contributions of the biological control of invasive alien aquatic weeds in South Africa...88 Samuel Motitsoe, Martin Hill, Julie Coetzee 2, Jaclyn Hill, Phumelele Gama Mapping distribution of water hyacinth in Rwanda using multispectral remote sensing imagery..89 Jeanne Mukarugwiro, Solomon Newete, Elhadi Adam, Marcus Byrne Apis mellifera scutellata queens can control reproductive parasitism in A. m. capensis clones by blocking production of the queen substance...90 Fiona N. Mumoki, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Robin M. Crewe, Christian W. W. Pirk Development of sex separation tools to eliminate female Anopheles arabiensis during mass production: progress and challenges...9 Givemore Munhenga,2, Lerato Malakoane 2, Leonard C. Dandalo 2, Oliver R. Wood 2, Leanne N. Lobb 2, Basil D. Brooke,2, Maria Kaiser 2, Lizette L. Koekemoer Impacts of grazing, fire and blue gum plantation on ant diversity at Ukulinga research farm in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal...92 Caswell Munyai, Sbongiseni Xolo, Zuziwe Nyawo A promising leaf-mining flea beetle, Epitrix sp. (Chrysomelidae), for biological control of Cestrum species (Solanaceae) in South Africa...93 Tshililo Emmanuel Mphephu, David Okhi Simelane, Jufter Musedeli Interaction between the root-feeding beetle Longitarsus bethae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae): implication on biological control of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae).94 J.N Musedeli,2, D. O Simelane 2 & M Marais Reproductive performance of the stricta biotype of Dactylopius opuntiae on Opuntia hosts...95 Kudakwashe Musengi, Hildegard Klein 2, Marcus Byrne, Post-release evaluation and thermal physiology of the pereskia stem-wilter, Catorhintha schaffneri (Coreidae), a new biological control agent for Pereskia aculeata (Cactaceae)...96 Phillippa Claire Muskett, Iain Douglas Paterson, Julie Angela Coetzee Mass reproduction in the small hive beetle Aethina tumida: key to suppression of its honey bee host (Apis mellifera L.) and an example of emancipation in beetles...97 Sandra Mustafa Species diversity and abundance of lepidopteran stem borer natural enemies in Botswana.98 Reyard Mutamiswa, Eva Moeng, Bruno Le Ru 2, Des Conlong 3,5, Yoseph Assefa 4, Casper Nyamukondiwa The effect of foraging habitat on the intensity of acoustic signals in echolocation of the bats Neoromicia capensis (Vespertilionidae) and Tadarida aegyptiaca (Molossidae)...99 Itani Victor Mutavhatsindi, David Steve Jacobs, Marc Holderied Thermal physiology of Stenopelmus rufinasus and Neohydronomus affinis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), two biological control agents released against the invasive aquatic weeds Azolla filiculoides and Pistia stratiotes in South Africa Sisanda F. Mvandaba, Julie A. Coetzee, Martin P. Hill, Candice Owen Enhancing equity of student access, success and throughput using funding...20 Nomakwezi Mzilikazi,2 2

13 025 - The changing face of southern Africa s Mopane woodlands: implications for conservation of threatened species and avian functional diversity Tiwonge Mzumara-Gawa, Hemant Tripathi 2, Chaona Phiri 3, Rowan Martin Feast now, pay later: the cost of foraging at wastewater works for an urban adapter, the banana bat (Neoromicia nana) Samantha Naidoo,2, Dalene Vosloo 3, Corrie Schoeman Comparison of the genetic differentiation and variation of the native and invasive ranges of Nymphaea mexicana (Mexican water lily) in South Africa Prinavin Naidu, Julie Angela Coetzee, Jaclyn Hill, Craig Peter Delta arrow head and its potential suitors Mpilonhle S. Ndlovu, Grant D. Martin, Raelene M. Kwong, How the lack of importance in soil economy has affected pseudoscorpion (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) research Jan Andries Neethling Alien terrestrial invertebrate species in the South African pet trade Takalani Nelufule,2, Sabrina Kumschick 2,3, Mark Robertson, John Wilson 2, Human uses and indigenous knowledge of edible termites Shandukani Netshifhefhe,3, Frances Duncan, Ednah Kunjeku Flower length is more important than width in determining foraging preferences of whitebellied sunbirds (Cinnyris talatala) Celiwe Ngcamphalala, Ida Bailey 2, Sue Nicolson Arthropods associated with blueberry plants (Vaccinium sp.) in the Mpumalanga and Western Cape provinces of South Africa...20 Nompumelelo Pretty Ngubane,2, Isabel Collett, Francois Roets Targeting an emerging weed, Iris pseudacorus L. (Iridaceae), in South Africa using biological control...2 Samella Ngxande-Koza, Martin Hill, Julie Coetzee Global impact assessment of alien grasses occurring in South Africa...22 Khesani V. Nkuna,2, Vernon Visser 3, John R. Wilson,2, Sabrina Kumschick, Phenotypic flexibility in heat tolerance of a passerine species: a direct test of behavioural and physiological acclimatisation to hotter conditions...23 Matthew Noakes, Michelle Thompson, Ryno Kemp, Sekgwari Malematja, Susie Cunningham 2, Andrew McKechnie Initiating global actions for managing cactus invasions...24 Ana Novoa,2, Haylee Kaplan, Giuseppe Brundu 9, Michael Day 3, Franz Essl 4, Llewellyn Foxcroft 5, Guillaume Fried 6, Sandy Lloyd 7, Elizabete Marchante 8, Helia Marchante 8,0, David M Richardson 2, Arne Witt, Helmuth Zimmermann 2, John Wilson, The prioritization and management of invasive alien species within the ethekwini municipality...25 Bheka Nxele, Errol Douwes Dominance of spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), over indigenous stemborer species in Africa s changing climates: ecological and thermal biology perspectives.26 Casper Nyamukondiwa, Reyard Mutamiswa, Frank Chidawanyika Extinction debt and species credit in coastal forests: does restoration lead to conservation?...27 Pieter Olivier, Victor Rolo, Rudi van Aarde 02 - Do seasonal physiological responses to heat explain climate change vulnerability in a Fynbos endemic bird?...28 Krista Oswald, Alan Lee 2, Ben Smit A potential new methodology for determining thermal tolerance in insects: are current methods accurate enough?...29 Candice Owen, Julie Coetzee, Martin Hill The role of floral and fruit scent compounds as mosquito attractants: developing new methods for monitoring mosquito populations Priyanka Pachuwah, Andreas Jürgens,2, Steven D. Johnson Aliens and the city life: how do invasive species travel to and through urban environments?...22 Ashlyn Levadia Padayachee,2, Ulrike Irlich 3,4, Katelyn Faulkner 2,6, Mirijam Gaertner 3,4, Şerban Procheş, John Wilson 2,3, Mathieu Rouget Genotypic and phenotypic characterisation of captive lion (Panthera leo) populations in South Africa Shilpa Parbhu, Bettine van Vuuren, Antoinette Kotze 2, The potential of three Chrysomya spp. and Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) for the bioconversion of waste products Nina Parry, Elsje Pieterse 2, Chris Weldon 04 - Optimisation of biological control implementation strategies Iain Paterson, Zezethu Mnqeta, Phillippa Muskett Seasonal behavioural responses of an aridzone passerine in a hot environment Nicholas Pattinson, Ben Smit 3

14 033 - How do pollinating fig wasp mothers adjust their sex ratios? Karina Pentz, Jaco Greeff, Marié Warren Impact of prior feeding by two biocontrol agents, Eccritotarsus catarinensis and Megamelus scutellaris, on their subsequent feeding, and implications for water hyacinth control in South Africa Nomvume Petela, Julie Coetzee, Martin Hill Suitability of O. engelmannii as a host of Las Cruces and stricta biotypes of Dactylopius opuntiae Mudau Phuluso, Marcus Byrne,2, Danica Marlin Taxonomy of the avian genera Anthus, Macronyx and Tmetothylacus (Aves: Motacillidae) in sub-saharan Africa Darren Pietersen, Ian Little 2, Andrew McKechnie, Raymond Jansen 3, Armanda Bastos Aspects of the ecology of vervet monkeys in urban ethekwini, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Kerushka R. Pillay, Colleen T. Downs Interface between managed and wild honey bees in South Africa...23 Christian Pirk, Robin Moritz,2, Robin Crewe 09 - Aspects of the spatial and population ecology of two terrapin species in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Cormac Price, Colleen Downs, Gordon O Brien 00 - Response of wheat aphids to plants treated with volatile substance Goddy Prinsloo, Pinkie Radebe Predicting ecological benchmarks for savannah elephant populations: providing context to counts Andrew Purdon, Ashley Robson, Trimble Morgan, Rudi van Aarde The role of phytopathogenic fungi in limiting plant invasions: The case of Australian Banksia (Proteaceae) in South Africa.235 Axola Qongqo,2, Sjirk Geerts, Felix Nchu Influence of reproductive biology on the invasive capacity of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) as a case study Joséphine Queffelec,3, Jeremy Allison 2, Bernard Slippers, The impact of elevated temperatures on social networks of a highly communal passerine Margaux Rat, Andrew McKechnie,2, Cedric Sueur 3, Susan Cunningham Frog Olympics: exploring the locomotor ecomorphology of the pyxicephalid radiation in southern Africa Alexander Douglas Rebelo,2, John Measey Detection of novel haemoplasma strains in four species of free-living bathyergids from the Western Cape province, South Africa Liezl Retief, Nigel Bennett 2, Armanda Bastos Elevation gradients: natural laboratories better to understand diversity patterns and processes..240 Mark Robertson Life history changes in the marula fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in response to selection for age of reproduction...24 Petrus Roets, Henrika Bosua, Ruth Archer 2, Christopher Weldon IP-0, a promising biomarker for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in warthogs.242 Eduard O. Roos, Sven D.C. Parsons, Michele A. Miller Arthropod pests, agricultural trade and South Africa s biosecurity Davina Saccaggi,2, Isabel Collett, John Wilson 3,4, John Terblanche The effect of inorganic fertiliser pollution on the life history of the Anopheles arabiensis vector mosquito Michael Samuel,2, Basil Brooke,2, Shüné Oliver, Case studies regarding the effect of tree manipulation on the commercial management of key insect pests in two subtropical tree crops Schalk Schoeman Population estimates of the invasive common myna (Sturnus tristis) in urban Pietermaritzburg, South Africa Ntaki Senoge, Colleen Downs SANBI s role in fostering sustained and informed support for animal conservation Theresa Sethusa, Michelle Hamer Tarantula species in the South African pet trade.248 Cavin Shivambu,2, Mark Robertson, Stefan Foord 3, Sabrina Kumschick 2, Scent chemistry of the bizarre carrionmimic Sarcophyte sanguinea (Balanophoraceae): the importance of dimethyl trisulfide and dimethyl tetrasulfide for the attraction of carrion beetles and flies Adam Shuttleworth, Steven D. Johnson, Nina Hobbhahn Exploring genetic approaches for Russian wheat aphid resistance breeding in wheat Thandeka Sikhakhane,2, Vicki Tolmay,2, Toi Tsilo, Molecular and chemical ecology are important for the management of emerging pests in plantation forestry...25 Bernard Slippers, Brett Hurley 2, Jeremy Allison 2,3, Michael J. Wingfield,2 4

15 Optimisation of pheromone traps for Coryphodema tristis (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) Marc Bouwer, Bernard Slippers 2, Michael Wingfield 3, Jeremy Allison 4, Physiological underpinnings of local adaptation in a southern African endemic bird Ben Smit, Nicholas Pattinson, Angela Ribeiro Invasion of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) into vineyards along the lower Orange River, Northern Cape Tanya Smit, Vaughn Swart, Schalk vdm Louw Thresholds in forest-fragment size are indicated by a reduction in avian functional diversity and forest specialists David Ehlers Smith,2, Yvette Ehlers Smith, Colleen Downs The importance of microhabitat structure in maintaining forest mammal diversity and abundance in a mixed land-use mosaic Yvette Ehlers Smith, David Ehlers Smith, Ramesh Tharmalingam, Colleen Downs Feeding and developmental responses of Hydrellia egeriae, a biocontrol agent for Egeria densa, to elevated CO 2 levels Rosali Smith, Julie Coetzee, Andreas Hussner Scaling of the muscle-tendon energy recovery system in the lower hindlimbs of the kangaroo Macropus fuliginosus Edward Snelling We need a South African inventory of alien beetles Riaan Stals Mechanisms mediating false codling moth mating disruption, using point-source pheromone dispensers Vernon M. Steyn, Daleen Stenekamp, Pia Addison Effects of differing land use on the presence and habitat use of various mongoose species...26 Jarryd Streicher, Tharmalingam Ramesh, Colleen Downs Does Hypogeococcus festerianus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) successfully control the cactaceous weed Cereus jamacaru in South Africa? Guy Sutton, Hildegard Klein 2, Iain Paterson Direct and indirect effects of abiotic factors on the rhizosphere microbiome of selected plants: implications for measuring the impact of climate change Wijnand Swart, Marcele Vermeulen An ecological analysis of stink bug and lepidopteran borer complexes associated with pecan and citrus orchards Andre Van Rooyen, Vaughn Swart, Sean Moore Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in the O.R. Tambo District, South Africa Luis Neves,2, Eric Etter,3, Whatmore Munetsi Tagwireyi Integrative taxonomy resolves species limits and identification of cryptic small rhinolophid bats in Southern Africa, with the description of two new species from Mozambique Peter Taylor,4, Steve Goodman 2,3, Angus MacDonald 4, Leigh Richards 6, Woody Cotterill 5, Samantha Stoffberg 5, Teresa Kearney 9, Ara Monadjem 7,8, Corrie Schoeman Population connectivity of two large carnivore species in Zimbabwe Laura Tensen Supplementary feeding of African woollynecked storks (Ciconia microscelis) may explain their recent expansion in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Vuyisile Thabethe Secondary pest outbreaks: the relationship between Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) and mealybug in Navel oranges Sean Thackeray,3, Sean Moore,2, Martin Hill Response of spider diversity to landscape and patch heterogeneity in remnant natural patches within agricultural landscapes of the Cape Floristic Region Jurie Theron, René Gaigher, James Pryke, Michael Samways Re-thinking invasive alien plant control as a social process in a complex system: the case of the Blyde catchment...27 Reuben Thifhulufhelwi,2, Jan Graf, Charles Chikunda Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) respond to habitat quality and not to the zones of a biosphere reserve Aileen Thompson, Michael Samways, Corrina Bazelet Breeding ecology of the hooded vulture, Necrosyrtes monachus, in the Kruger-to-Canyons Biosphere Region, South Africa Lindy Thompson, Colleen Downs, Andre Botha 2, Keith Bildstein 3, Campbell Murn Messages from the other side: parasites receive damage cues from their host plants Muvari Tjiurutue,2, Phil Stevenson 3, Lynn Adler Built for business? Dung beetle morphology and time of flight Claudia Tocco, Marie Dacke 2, Marcus Byrne Resistance reaction of selected advanced bread wheat lines and cultivars to all four known biotypes of Russian wheat aphid in South Africa Vicki L Tolmay, Mardé Booyse 2, Thandeka Sikhakhane 5

16 Management strategies to control the Cape grapevine leafminer, Holocacista capensis (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae), in South Africa Leigh Torrance, Antoinette Malan, Pia Addison Disturbing resource hotspots: drought impacts on vegetation and insect communities around termite mounds Matthew Trisos, Monica Leitner 2, Andrew Davies 3, Catherine Parr 4, Mike Picker, Edmund February A review of odyssean malaria outbreaks in South Africa Power Tshikae, Basil Brooke,2, Givemore Munhenga,2, Lucille Blumberg, Kerrigan McCarthy 3, John Frean, Integrated taxonomy of the endemic Karoo agile grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Euryphyminae) Precious Tshililo To fledge or not to fledge? Hot days limit hornbill reproductive success...28 Tanja MFN van de Ven, Susan J Cunningham, Andrew E McKechnie Soil biota as bioindicators of erosion levels and fire disturbances in afromontane grassland areas within the Golden Gate Highlands National Park Sylvia Van der Merwe, Vaughn Swart, Emile Bredenhand 2, Charles Haddad Hermetia illucens sausages as human food Elsje Pieterse, Leah Bessa, L.C. Hoffman, G. Sigge, Liezl van Emmenes Assessing species richness of one of Africa s most diverse insect families (Ichneumonidae, Hymenoptera) Simon van Noort,5, Gavin R. Broad 2, Pascal Rousse 3, Ilari Sääksjärvi Impaired reproductive performance of female Southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium s. simum) in captive environments Martin van Rooyen, Catherina van Zijl, Natalie Aneck-Hahn, Robert (Bob) Millar Genetic information at different spatial scales: Southern Ocean islands as study sites Bettine van Vuuren The amphibious invader: Water hyacinth s physiological strategy to survive stranding and drought events Nic Venter, Blair Cowie, Ed Witkowski, Gavin Snow, Marcus Byrne New alien pests in South Africa: how did they get here and can new incursions be prevented? Jan Hendrik Venter Thermal imaging and feeding damage of the biological control agent, Cornops aquaticum, on water hyacinth Giuseppe Venturi, Frances Duncan and Marcus James Byrne Evolution of the South African Bathyergidae: patterns and processes Jacobus Visser Invasions by Tuta absoluta and Spodoptera frugiperda: what is the threat to vegetable production in South Africa?...29 Diedrich Visser The StopRats project: The next step in delivering ecologically-based rodent management in Africa E.F. von Maltitz, P.R. Brown 2, S.J. Eiseb 3, S.M. Goodman 4, S.A. Kamara 5, J.F. Kirsten, H. Leirs 6, T. Mahlaba 7, R.H. Makundi 8, P.S. Malebana, A.W. Massawe 8, A. Monadjem 7, L.S. Mulungu 8, G.R. Singleton 9, V.L. Soarimalala 4, L. Swanepoel 0, P.J. Taylor 0, S.R. Belmain Assessment of the socio-economic impacts of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart- Solms) Laubach. (water hyacinth) in the Wouri Basin (Douala- Cameroon) and management options Sonia Nadege Kenfack Voukeng, Philip Weyl 2, Martin Hill, Napoleon Chi Forpah Novel natural enemy encounters of an invasive forest insect pest M. Wondafrash The spatial genetic structure in the eastern rock elephant shrew, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear data Heather Webster, Sasha Hoffmann 2, Peter Teske, Heike Lutermann 2, Bettine van Vuuren Evaluation of four Brassicaceae crops in terms of insect attraction and nematode biofumigant potential in the North-West province William Weeks, Hendriena Fourie, Thermal preference of male Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) reflects higher sexual performance at warmer temperatures Christopher Weldon, John Terblanche 2, Steven Chown Kalahari aardvarks on the edge: droughtinduced resource deficiency may compromise aardvark survival under climate change Nora M. Weyer, Robyn S. Hetem, Mike D. Picker 2, Andrea Fuller The temporal occurrence of flesh flies (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) at carrion-baited traps in Grahamstown, South Africa Martin Villet 2, Crystal Clitheroe 2, Kirstin Williams, Conservation genetics: vultures in crisis Sandi Willows-Munro 6

17 Invasion in Mpumalanga s grassland corridors.30 Georgina Wilson, Mark Robertson The determination of nutrient requirements and development of artificial diets for the mass rearing of insects of economic importance Michael Woods, Elsje Pieterse Knockout: the exceptional success achieved with the biological control of boxing glove cactus (Cylindropuntia fulgida var. mamillata) using a new cochineal biotype of Dactylopius tomentosus Travor Xivuri, Helmuth Zimmermann Poster abstracts Description of eleven new species and redescription of a single species in the genus Macroderes Westwood, 842 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) from South Africa Ishtiag Abdalla, Christian Deschodt, Clarke Scholtz, Catherine Sole Circadian variation in metabolites and enzyme activity in the femoral and thoracic muscles of adult variegated grasshopper, Zonocerus variegatus (L.) (Orthoptera:Pyrgomorphidae) Kehinde Ademolu, Abiodun Joda 2, Samuel Agbeje, Adebola Osipitan, Adewunmi Idowu The distribution and abundance of the chromolaena stem-galling fly, Cecidochares connexa (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Ghana Pascal Aigbedion-Atalor,2, David Wilson, Vincent Eziah, Iain Paterson 2, Michael Day False codling moth population ecology in citrus orchards: the influence of orchard age Sonnica Albertyn, Martin Hill, Sean Moore, The effect of eco-estates on animal biodiversity along the coast of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Jarryd Alexander, Colleen Downs Baseline pathogen prevalence and diversity estimates for free-ranging aardvark Orycteropus afer (Pallas, 766)...30 Chane R. Alfaiate, Darren W. Pietersen, Armanda D.S. Bastos The ethics of non-medical animal research...3 Ebrahim Ally Novel non-estrogenic endpoints of phenolic metabolites toxicity in fish: using zebrafish as a model for study...32 Nessrin Kheirallah, Tamer Aly Lamarck & Darwin got it wrong regarding giraffes: what were the causes?...33 Ramin Amirmardfar Gertrud Theiler Tick Museum - Standing on the Shoulders of Giants...34 Deon Bakkes Testing the SANSA rapid sampling protocol in Western KwaZulu-Natal to determine seasonal diversity of non-acarine arachnids...35 Ruan Booysen, Charles Haddad The role of termites in African savanna soil ecology...36 Katherine Bunney, Mark Robertson 2,, Catherine Parr 3,, Paul Eggleton 4,, Yadvinder Mahli 4, Too much love can kill you: a case study on Damaraland mole-rats...37 Lanha Burger, Nigel Bennett, Fanus Venter, Heike Lutermann Microsatellite variation in a population-level study of the endangered bearded vulture Gypaetus barbatus...38 Melanie Burke, Sonja Kruger, Sandi Willows-Munro The traditional medicine trade: the diversity, viability and escape potential of alien plant species introduced into South Africa by the largest immigrant groups in Johannesburg...39 Marcus Byrne, Vivienne Williams, Amy Burness The Baboon Spider Atlas - utilising citizen science and the fear factor to map baboon spider (Araneae: Theraphosidae) distributions and diversity in Southern Africa Heather Campbell, Ian Engelbrecht Biochemical analysis in Anopheles gambiae and An. funestus...32 Riann Christian,2, Luisa Nardini,2, Basil D Brooke,2, Lizette L Koekemoer, The facilitation of nutrient transfer across the aquatic-terrestrial interface by semi-aquatic predators Shannon Conradie, Trevor McIntyre, Grant Hall, Michael J. Somers, Entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents of false codling moth Candice Coombes, David Taylor, Samantha Prinsloo, Martin Hill, Sean Moore, Bugweed biocontrol: new insights and future prospects Blair Cowie,2, Ed Witkowski, Marcus Byrne,2, Nic Venter Will our taxa of conservation concern survive the rapid change in climatic conditions in South Africa? Sarisha Daya, Theresa Sethusa 2, Engela De Crom Microsatellite isolation in a pollinating fig wasp using a small scale genomic approach Junyin Deng, Pamela J. de Waal, Jaco M. Greeff 7

18 Ecosystem health of the Eerste River and opportunities for improvement Francois du Preez, James Pryke Mechanosensory structures in the beaks of waders (Threskiornithidae) in relation to their foraging ecology Carla du Toit,3, Susan Cunningham,2, Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan Sirex noctilio host susceptibility and utilisation patterns Ludwig Eksteen, Jeff Garnas,2, Brett P. Hurley Habitat use, ecology and behaviour of hippos in an important waterbody of Zululand Camille Fritsch, Colleen Downs First record of Tthe Marine Turtle Leech Ozobranchus Margoi Oon Hawksbill Turtles in the Inner Granitic Seychelles...33 Byron Göpper, Nina Voogt Intraspecific variation in ants: testing a central paradigm of functional trait ecology Clara Gaudard, Mark Robertson, Tom Bishop Mating disruption as a method to enhance control of false codling moth in the Western Cape Martin Gilbert,2, Claire Love, The role of fig (Moraceae) volatiles in the dispersal of fig seeds by frugivorous bats in southern Africa Keeveshnee Govender, Adam Shuttleworth, Colleen T. Downs, Steven D. Johnson Mozambique - The Dark Hole Carly Gregorich, Bettine van Vuuren Distribution of Mantodea in South Africa and biological studies of selected species Bianca Greyvenstein, Johnnie van den Berg, Hannalene du Plessis Thermal physiology of two Eccritotarsus (Heteroptera: Miridae) species from different climates: phenotypic plasticity or adaptation in field populations? Tamzin Griffith, Iain Paterson, Julie Coetzee Identification and evolutionary relationships of genes linked to colour vision in Sirex noctilio Quentin Guignard,3, Bernard Slippers, Allison Jeremy Dietary preference of the common myna, an invasive alien bird in South Africa Silindile Thobeka Gumede, Colleen Downs Seasonal variation and habitat characteristics of rock pool species composition on the south coast of South Africa Natanah Molline C Gusha, Christopher McQuaid, Tatenda Dalu 0 - The impact of selection and limited geneflow on genetic diversity: the impala (Aepyceros melampus) as a model...34 Chantel Henning, Paul Grobler 2, Malan Davey 3, Bettine van Vuuren Forensic entomology at the University of Cape Town: teaching, research, and practice Marise Heyns Response of ground dwelling arthropods in different habitats in the Sandstone Sourveld in KwaZulu-Natal Zabentungwa Hlongwane, Zivanai Tsvuura, Tarombera Mwabvu 2, Caswell Munyai Mortality of the leaf-mining moth, Aristaea thalassias (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), a biological control agent of Leptospermum laevigatum (Gaertn.) F. Muell. (Myrtaceae) Thembelihle Mlokoti,2, Fiona Impson,2, John Hoffmann, Candice Lyons, Are mass-releases of mealybug biocontrol agents on citrus effective? Stephan Honiball, Marike Ferreira Distribution and thermal thresholds of Gonipterus species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Australia Michelle Schroder, Helen Nahrung 2, Simon Lawson 2, Bernard Slippers, Michael Wingfield, Brett Hurley Comparing genetic patterns in Tullbergia bisetosa (indigenous) and Isotomurus maculatus (invasive) (Collembola) on sub-antarctic Marion Island Harini Jagatap, Rosemary Dorrington 2, Bettine Van Vuuren Factors affecting the decline of Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) in wheat production areas in South Africa Astrid Jankielsohn A comprehensive analysis of the Gruiformes to identify their key conservation risks and relate these to their conservation and captive breeding activities Lara Jordan, Kevin Kirkman, Tracy Rehse 2, Colleen Downs Asphodelus fistulosus L., a new plant invader in South Africa: assessment of risk and potential for eradication Nolwethu Jubase, Jorge Renteria,2, David Maphisa 3, Ernita van Wyk Dragonflies as umbrella species in Western Cape rivers...35 Gabriella Kietzka,2, James Pryke,2, Michael Samways,2, René Gaigher, Bartonella in the Mahali mole-rat (Cryptomys hottentotus mohali) from South Africa Dewald Kleynhans, Luiza Hatyoka, Daniel Hart, Nigel Bennett, Armanda Bastos 8

19 Insect monitoring: the South African suction trap network Kerstin Krüger, Goddy Prinsloo 2, Kobus Laubscher 3, Janine Snyman, Ian Millar Weeds as alternate hosts for Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwoood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in greenhouses in the OR Tambo Municipal District, South Africa Simon Kuria, Zimbini Scott Phylogeography of codistributed anuran species in the Eastern Cape forests, South Africa Judith Natsai Theodora Kushata, Michael Cherry, Werner Conradie 2,3, Savel Daniels Geometric morphometrics on the Culicoides imicola group in South Africa Karien Labuschagne Bartonella prevalence and diversity in commensal and wild populations of Mastomys coucha (Rodentia: Muridae) from South Africa Anja le Grange, Helene Brettschneider, Christian T. Chimimba,2, Armanda D.S. Bastos Human-mediated impacts in indigenous forests of the Eastern Cape, South Africa: implications for forest-dependent bird habitat quality.358 Jessica Leaver, Nokwanda Makunga, Michelle Cocks 2, Michael Cherry 05 - Mapping invasive smelter s bush (Flaveria bidentis) using a simple unmanned aerial vehicle and open source software packages Rion Lerm, Anthony Swemmer Culicoides species composition along an African horse sickness gradient in Namibia Danica Liebenberg, Stuart Piketh, Karien Labuschagne 2, Gert Venter 2, Telane Greyling, Charlotte Mienie, Tania de Waal, Huib van Hamburg Optimisation and evaluation of novel adult trapping methods to be used in surveillance of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis...36 Leanne Lobb,2, Lizette Koekemoer,2, Givemore Munhenga 2, Whiskers of southern elephant seals as a matrix for obtaining fine-scale dietary data Nico Lubcker, Ryan Reisinger, Chris Oosthuizen, Nico de Bruyn, Marthan Bester Karoo BioGap Project - spiders contribute to filling biodiversity information gaps in the Karoo Robin Lyle, Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman, Petro Marais Biodiversity of mites on tea plant (Camellia sinensis) in South Africa: a complete study Pholoshi Maake, Eddie Ueckermann Patterns of land use influence ant diversity in the savanna lowveld of Swaziland S.M. Lukhele, C. Reynolds 2,3, R.A. McCleery 2, C.N. Magagula Distribution of banded fruit weevil (Phlyctinus callosus) (Schönherr) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in apple orchards in Elgin Meshack Magagula Australian Acacia species in South Africa: an assessment of introduction status Nkoliso Magona,2, David M Richardson, Johannes J Le Roux, John R Wilson, A description of a newly discovered skeleton of Endothiodon (Therapsida, Anomodontia), from the Late Permian of the Karoo Basin of South Africa Iyra Maharaj Environmental drivers of foraging migration strategies in southern elephant seals Tshepiso Majelantle, Trevor McIntyre, P.J. Nico de Bruyn Promoting conservation biological control in agroecosystems by using ecological functions provided by insect predators: a review Maria Makwela, Astrid Jankielsohn,2, Caswell Munyai, Conservation of soil biodiversity to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability: A review..37 Emogine Mamabolo,2, Astrid Jankielsohn, Caswell Munyai Effects of land-use changes on aspects of the ecology of long-crested eagles, including habitat use particularly when breeding Machawe Maphalala, Colleen Downs, Ara Monadjem 2, Keith Bildstein Insect health for weed biological control Tamryn Marsberg, Martin Hill The distribution and impact of two species of Eccritotarsus on Eichhornia crassipes in South Africa Zolile Maseko, Julie Coetzee, Martin Hill, Iain Paterson Assessing threats to African vultures and the effectiveness of conservation efforts in the Kruger to Canyons Biosphere Region, Mpumalanga, South Africa Nhlamazi Mbali Mashele, Lindy Thompson, Colleen Downs Variation in Russian wheat aphid Diuraphis noxia resistance between South African wheat Triticum aestivum cultivars and cultivars grown in the mountains of Lesotho Pitso Masupha, Astrid Jankielsohn 2, Lintle Mohase Using captive birds to assess assumptions of a diet analysis technique: stable isotope analysis Isabel Micklem, Maёlle Connan 2, Christopher McQuaid The effect of bush encroachment on ant communities at Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, KwaZulu-Natal Nomathamsanqa Mkhize, Caswell Munyai, Rob Slotow, Stefan Foord 2 9

20 022 - Quantifying roadkills in different roads of Hluhluwe-Imfolozi Park: what are the contributing factors? Muzi Nicholas Mkhohlwa, Colleen Downs Spatio-temporal variation of invertebrate communities in temporary vs semi-permanent wetlands Musa Mlambo, DNA barcoding of collembolan species found on Marion Island...38 Nkitseng Modise, Bettine van Vuuren Species diversity of lepidopteran stem borers in Botswana Eva Moeng, Reyard Mutamiswa, Des Conlong 2,3, Yoseph Assefa 4, Casper Nyamukondiwa, Bruno Le Ru 5, Are there structural differences in the flight feathers of Procellariiformes related to their use for underwater flight? Ditiro Moloto, Peter Ryan Trimen s false tiger moth: biology and potential control options Courtney Morris, Jeanne De Waal 2, Antoinette Malan, Shelley Johnson Virulence of Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) to the Russian wheat aphid and potential use thereof as an endophytic biocontrol agent in wheat, Triticum aestivum Lisemelo Motholo,2, Justin Hatting 2, Toi Tsilo 2, Oriel Thekisoe The cascading trophic accumulation of aldicarb in a carrion ecosystem: the forensic implications Tshepiso Motolo, Sonja Brink, Ellie van Dalen The progressive establishment of the Asian fruit fly Bactocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Botswana Rebaone Motswagole, Casper Nyamukondiwa Integrated management of Solanum mauritianum (bugweed) in the Highveld region of South Africa Sanele Mtetwa, Marcus Byrne,2, Ed Witkowski Does biological control of Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) promote arthropod diversity? Ludzula Mukwevho Post-release evaluation of the biological control programme against jointed cactus (Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley (Cactaceae)) Thifhelimbilu Mulateli, Iain Paterson, Martin Hill A trait-based approach in understanding ant community assemblies in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa...39 Mulalo Muluvhahothe, Caswell Munyai 2, Stefan Foord Changes in bat activity over an altitudinal gradient in the Kunene region, Namibia Lina Mushabati, Seth Eiseb, Petr Benda 2, Theresa Laverty Brown locust outbreaks in the Karoo: historic records and a plan to understand the origins of outbreaks Zwivhuya Leonard Ndou,2, Vaughn Richmond Swart 2, Johannes Robert Henschel,2, Schalk vdm Louw Food relocation and burial behaviour in the dung beetle Pachylomera femoralis Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) Alex Nepomuceno, Catherine Sole, Werner Strümpher, Christian Pirk, Clarke Scholtz Development of minimum intervention techniques to reduce variability in mopane worm supply for harvesting Zwannda Nethavhani, Ruan Veldtman 2, Stefan Foord 06 - Explaining ant species richness patterns across an elevation gradient Sarah Newman, Tom Bishop, Mark Robertson Home range size and movement patterns of Cape porcupines in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Samukelisiwe Ngcobo, Tharmalingam Ramesh, Amy- Lee Wilson, Colleen Downs The phylogeography of ectoparasites with respect to their hosts Nkosinathi Ntuli, Bettine van Vuuren, Jacobus Visser Sexual selection and speciation in Malawian cichlid fishes Nonhlanhla Nyalungu, Vanessa Couldridge Parasitic and free-living interactions between the indigenous tick Rhipicephalus decoloratus and the invasive tick Rhipicephalus microplus on and off bovine hosts in the Eastern Cape province Nkululeko Nyangiwe, Josephus J. Fourie 2, Julian E. Liebenberg 2, Clinton Austin 4, Chandra Bushan The characterisation of the role of commensal gut bacteria on the life history of the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae)...40 Kirsten Barnard 2, Alexander Jeanrenaud 2, Basil Brooke,2, Shüné Oliver, A sweeter taste than blood? Attraction of Aedes and Culex mosquitoes to fruits and flowers Priyanka Pachuwah, Andreas Jürgens,2, Steven D. Johnson Longevity, fertility and fecundity of adult blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) held at varying densities: implications for use in bioconversion of waste Nina Parry, Elsje Pieterse 2, Chris Weldon Post cold treatment effects on false codling moth Mellissa Peyper, Sean Moore,2, Wayne Kirkman,2 20

21 065 - Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of sheep in three agro-ecological zones of the Maseru District Moeketsi Phalatsi, Mpho Phoofolo, Matsolo Seloanyane, Mamasupha Sole, Mokete Motente Mass reared insects as animal feed and implications for table egg production Elsje Pieterse, Davina Hopley Mass-reared insect meal as animal feed and its implications for meat production Elsje Pieterse, L.C. Hoffman, K. Salie, C.W. Cruywagen, G. Esposito, P. Haabroek, T. Uushona, H. Driemeyer, A.W.H. Van der Merwe, F.J.H. Albertyn Use of Hermetia illucens for the conversion of faecal matter to animal feed Elsje Pieterse, L.C. Hoffman, A. Van Schoor Does variation in trophic niche use influence mass gain of underyearling southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina? Nicolas Prinsloo,2, Nico de Bruyn,2, Martin Postma,2, Nico Lübcker, The effects and management of the invasive species Chromolaena odorata in Buffelsdraai Landfill Site...40 Rerani Ramaano, Zivanai Tsvuura, Hloniphani Mthunzi Interception of invasive Lepidoptera in South Africa...4 Humbulani Ramukhesa, Saadiek Rosenberg Environmental flow requirements and response of macro-invertebrate populations in the Luvuvhu River catchment...42 Pfananani Ramulifho, Stefan Foord Detection of Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) in the aphid vector Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel (Hemiptera: Aphididae)...43 Nicola Robbertse,3, Kerstin Krüger, Elize Jooste 2, Life history traits of the marula fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae): potential consequences of host specialisation...44 Petrus Roets, Henrika Bosua, Ruth Archer 2, Christopher Weldon For and against: towards the use of endophytes for the control of the stalk borer Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in sugarcane...45 Nongcebo Memela,2, Sharon McFarlane, Des Conlong,2, R. Stuart Rutherford,2, Stefan Schmidt Morphological, acoustic and genetic divergence in the bladder grasshopper...46 Rekha Sathyan, Adriaan Engelbrecht, Vanessa Couldridge How conservation endocrinology can be a potent tool for species conservation practices in South Africa...47 Juan Scheun The population structure and regenerating patterns of Salix babylonica (weeping willow) in South Africa...48 Serole Sehona, Thierry Hoareau 2, Peter le Roux, Michelle Greve The population structure and regenerating patterns of Salix babylonica (weeping willow) in South Africa...49 Serole Sehona, Thierry Hoareau, Peter le Roux, Michelle Greve The inclusion of basic research plans in government funded youth programmes as a means to promote research and encourage critical thinking in South Africa s youth Vincent Shacks, Mandy Noffke, Lizeka Gqumani, Lance Anders, Sakhile Sithole, Robert Slater Hadeda ibis (Bostrychia hagedash) urban nesting, roosting and activity in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa...42 Preshnee Singh, Colleen Downs A survey of entomopathogenic Beauveria spp. in South African plantantions Z. Wilhelm de Beer, Herman de Bruin 2, Wilma J. Nel, Bernard Slippers A pilot study of the colour vision model of Diptera on South African fly species Carryn Smith, Steven Johnson, Adam Shuttleworth Identification of molecular diversification between South African RWA Diuraphis noxia biotypes.424 Scott Sydenham, Vicki Tolmay, Bongiwe Nhlapho Description of the life stages of beetles in the carrion ecosystem of the central Free State Moeti, Abel Thabo, Brink, Sonja L & Louw, Schalk Mapping and monitoring of alien invasive plants in Kruger National Park Thembeka Thwala, Llewellyn Foxcroft Evidence of multiple divergent mitochondrial lineages within the Southern African diplopod genus Bicoxidens Attems, 928 (Spirostreptida) Tawanda Tinago, Tarombera Mwabvu 2, Angus H. H. Macdonald Water and nitrogen additions in a Kruger savanna result in cascading effects on biodiversity Matthew Trisos, Catherine Parr 2, Mike Picker, Lars Hedin 3, Edmund February 2

22 Comparing genetic patterns in native and introduced species Mark Turnbull, Chris Chimimba 2, Bettine Jansen van Vuuren Beta diversity of arthropods across the complementary zones of the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve Julia van Schalkwyk, James Pryke, Michael Samways, René Gaigher Hypopharyngeal gland development of South African honey bee subspecies...43 Zoe van Vuuren, Christian Pirk Taxonomic review of the genus Marginella (Gastropoda: Marginellidae) Stephan Veldsman 08 - Mite diversity survey focussing on grapevine motherblocks and nurseries in the Wellington (Western Cape) region Mia Vermaak, Pia Addison, Ruan Veldtman Invasions in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve: What s the IAP Problem? Cath Vise Shivaphis celti (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a newly introduced woolly aphid infesting white stinkwood trees in South Africa Diedrich Visser, Ian Millar Observations on the biology of the trumpet bagworm, Trachypteryx rhodoxantha Hampson (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, Phycitinae) Diedrich Visser, Vivienne Uys The interaction of lepidopteran pests with Bt crops: evaluating the assumptions central to the high-dose/refuge IRM strategy Andri Visser, Johnnie Van den Berg, Hannalene Du Plessis, Annemie Erasmus New record of a cerambycid in the South African sugarcane industry Mike Way, Desmond Conlong,2, Stuart Rutherford, Deborah Sweby, Denise Gillespie, Rowan Stranack, Beth Grobbelaar The effects of season and breeding on metabolism in three species from the genus Euplectes (Aves) Stacey L. Webb 2,, Nomakwezi Mzilikazi 2, Graham I.H. Kerley 2,, Mark Brown Geographic variation and plasticity in climate stress resistance of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) Christopher Weldon, Casper Nyamukondiwa 2, Minette Karsten 3, Katherine Mitchell 3, Steven Chown 4, John Terblanche DNA Barcoding of Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Free State province, South Africa...44 Liezl Whitehead, Vaughn Swart, Marieka Gryzenhout Evidence for convergent evolution of ambrosia fungi in the Ophiostomatales (Ascomycota)..442 Miranda Erasmus, Tuan A. Duong, Michael J. Wingfield, Z. Wilhelm de Beer Novel fungal symbionts of Dendroctonus valens (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) Seonju Marincowtiz, Stephen J. Taerum, Tuan A. Duong, Michael J. Wingfield, Z. Wilhelm de Beer Fungal associates of conifer-infesting bark beetles and their phoretic mites from Yunnan province, China Runlei Chang, Tuan A. Duong, Stephen A. Taerum, Michael J. Wingfield, Z. Wilhelm de Beer Ant diversity and composition in the reforested landscape of Buffelsdraai landfill, KwaZulu-Natal Sbongiseni Xolo, Stefan Foord 2, Rob Slotow, Caswell Munyai Epigaeic arthropod response to fynbos fires in the Cape Winelands Biosphere Reserve and Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, Western Cape Inam Yekwayo, James Pryke 2, Rene Gaigher 2, Michael Samways 22

23 Programme Monday 3 July 207 TIME DIAMOND AUDITORIUM (capacity: 450) RUBY AUDITORIUM (capacity: 36) 5:00-8:00 REGISTRATION in the Central Foyer 8:00-8:30 Registrations closed 8:30-20:30 WELCOMING RECEPTION in the Central Foyer EMERALD AUDITORIUM (capacity: 00) AMETHYST ROOM (capacity: 40) TIME DIAMOND AUDITORIUM (capacity: 450) Tuesday 4 July 207 RUBY AUDITORIUM (capacity: 36) 08:00-09:00 REGISTRATION in the Central Foyer 09:00-09:30 Welcome and opening address Overflow seating with live stream 09:30-0:30 PLENARY SPEAKER: PROF. PHIL STEVENSON Overflow seating with live stream 0:30-:00 BREAK - Morning tea in the Central Foyer RESPONSES TO CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS SCIENCE FOR SOCIETY: CONDUCTING RESEARCH AND TEACHING THAT TRULY REACHES SOCIETY EMERALD AUDITORIUM (capacity: 00) DISEASES, PARASITES AND VECTORS AMETHYST ROOM (capacity: 40) BIOGEOGRAPHY, TAXONOMY AND SYSTEMATICS Chair: Michelle Thompson Aliza le Roux Darren Pietersen Sasha Hoffman :00-: S. Cunningham. Trade-offs between foraging and thermoregulation underpin sublethal costs of climate change in birds :5-: D. Ehlers Smith. Thresholds in forestfragment size are indicated by a reduction in avian functional diversity and forest specialists :30-: Y. Ehlers Smith. The importance of microhabitat structure in maintaining forest mammal diversity and abundance in a mixed land-use mosaic :45-2: A. McKechnie. Phylogenetic variation in heat tolerance and evaporative cooling capacity among Kalahari Desert birds PLENARY SPEAKER EMIL VON MALTITZ PLENARY (Continued) 064. C. Acker-Cooper. Nurturing Citizen Scientists through local employment in the conservation sector 029. M. Hamer. Generating foundational biodiversity information that addresses the needs of society 043. D. Kleynhans. Diversity and Prevalence of Bartonella in Gerbillus nanus from Saudi Arabia 046. S. Heighton. Scaly bacteria: the quest to identify pangolin pathogens 088. L. Retief. Detection of novel haemoplasma strains in four species of free-living bathyergids from the Western Cape Province, South Africa 082. L. Lobb. Optimisation and evaluation of novel adult trapping methods to be used in surveillance of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis I. Millar. Current progress in providing digital access to the primary type specimen holdings of the South African National Collection of Insects D. Bakkes. Evaluation of measurement error in rotational mounting of Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) species in geometric morphometrics A. Gilbert. Seasonal abundance of forensically related flies from greater Johannesburg 009. S. van Noort. Assessing species richness of one of Africa s most diverse insect families (Ichneumonidae, Hymenoptera) 23

24 2:00-2: M. Maseko. Response of Crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera edouardi), a forest specialist, to spatial variation in land use in isimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa 2:5-2: M. Rat. The impact of elevated temperatures on social networks of a highly communal passerine 2:30-2: M. Leitner. Bush encroachment slows decomposition and termite activity in an African savanna 2:45-3: K Alujević. The evolution of complex phenotypes in lizards: can multiple physiological functions be optimized at the same time? 3:00-3: C. Owen. A potential new methodology for determining thermal tolerance in insects: Are current methods accurate enough? 080. M. Cherry. Research and politics: Mbeki s denialism of HIV-AIDS N. Mzilikazi. Enhancing equity of student access, success and throughput using funding A. le Roux. Must science #fall for a real connection to be forged with society? Open discussion Open discussion 3:5-4:30 LUNCH on the Deck 3:30-4:30 Lunchtime workshop: Career paths in the Ruby auditorium RESPONSES TO CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS (Continued) SOCIAL INSECTS IN AFRICA: UNITING A CROSS-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH COMMUNITY 032. S. Eiseb. Prevalence of haemoparasites on small mammals in fallowlands within Mukwe Constituency, Kavango East Region, Namibia 097. A. le Grange. Prevalence and diversity of tick-borne Anaplasmataceae in indigenous, commensal rodents (Rodentia: Muridae and Nesomyidae) from Gauteng Province, South Africa 007. D. Tagwireyi. Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in the O.R Tambo District, South Africa E. Roos. IP-0 a promising biomarker for the detection of Mycobacterium bovid infection in warthogs H. Thatcher. Can parasitic load be used to measure the effect of anthropogenic disturbance on Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) DISEASES, PARASITES AND VECTORS (Continued) S. Faure. Systematics of the Afrotropical Chalcididae (Chalcidoidea: Hymenoptera) 027. G. Daniel. Taxonomic overview of the tribe Sisyphini (Scarabaeinae: Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) in southern Africa 002. P. Taylor. Integrative taxonomy resolves species limits and identification of cryptic small rhinolophid bats in Southern Africa D. Main. Phylogeny of the genus Chamaeleo and an investigation of cryptic speciation in the common flap-necked chameleon (Chamaeleo dilepis) 086. W. Conradie. Unmasking evolutionary diversity among two closely related South African legless skink species (Acontinae: Acontias) using molecular data BIOGEOGRAPHY, TAXONOMY AND SYSTEMATICS (Continued) Chair: Sarita Maree Tom Bishop Armanda Bastos Chris Chimimba 4:30:4: N. Weyer. Kalahari aardvarks on the edge: drought-induced resource deficiency may compromise aardvark survival under climate change 4:45-5: N. Gotcha. Plasticity and cross tolerance to heterogenous environments: divergent stress responses co-evolved in an African fruit fly R. Crewe. Sex pheromone doubles as social regulator in honey bee societies 004. E. Mauda. Changes in landuse alter ant diversity, assemblages and dominant functional traits in African savannas P. Tshikae. A review of odyssean malaria outbreaks in South Africa C. de Beer. Evaluation of Tiny Targets as additional control technique for Glossina austeni and Glossina brevipalpis populations in South Africa B. Jansen van Vuuren. Genetic information at different spatial scales: Southern Ocean islands as study sites D. Monsanto. Unravelling the fine-scale spatial genetic structure of a springtail on sub-antarctic Marion Island 24

25 5:00-5: S. Malematja. Heat tolerance and evaporative cooling capacity in speckled mousebirds (Colius striatus) 5:5-5: A. Bourne. Field-testing a non-invasive doubly labelled water technique for measuring physiological heat stress in Southern Pied Babblers 5:30-5: S. Naidoo. Feast now, pay later: The cost offforaging at wastewater works for an urban adapter, the Banana Bat (Neoromicia nana) 5:45-6: M. Noakes. Phenotypic flexibility in heat tolerance of a passerine species: a direct test of behavioural and physiological acclimatisation to hotter conditions 052. L. Bester. Temperature, pesticides and honey bees - A hot mess? 094. M. Robertson. Elevation gradients: natural laboratories to better understand diversity patterns and processes 077. S. Mustafa. Mass reproduction in the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida: key to suppression of its honey bee host, Apis mellifera, and an example of emancipation in beetles C. Munyai. Impacts of grazing, fire and blue gum plantation on ant diversity at Ukulinga Research farm in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu- Natal 6:00-6:30 BREAK - Afternoon tea in the Central Foyer RESPONSES TO CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS (Continued) SOCIAL INSECTS IN AFRICA: UNITING A CROSS-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH COMMUNITY (Continued) G. Munhenga. Development of sex separation tools to eliminate female Anopheles arabiensis during mass production: Progress and challenges 005. H. Human. What is sustaining the capensis calamity? J. Coertzen. The dissemination of fungal pathogens on avocado trees in South Africa, with reference to the vector potential of insects M. Kaiser. A mark-release-recapture pilot trial using colonised Anopheles arabiensis in Mamfene, KwaZulu-Natal DISEASES, PARASITES AND VECTORS (Continued) 000. H. Webster. The spatial genetic structure in the eastern rock elephant shrew, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear data 04. L. Tensen. Population connectivity of two large carnivore species in Zimbabwe 004. J. Visser. Evolution of the South African Bathyergidae: Patterns and processes 093. D. Pietersen. Taxonomy of the avian genera Anthus, Macronyx and Tmetothylacus (Aves: Motacillidae) in sub- Saharan Africa BIOGEOGRAPHY, TAXONOMY AND SYSTEMATICS (Continued) Chair: Michelle Thompson Heather Campbell Armanda Bastos Sarita Maree 6:30-6: A. Jeanrenaud. Interspecific competition between Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles arabiensis under polluted conditions C. Pirk. Interface between managed and wild honey bees in South Africa E. Agubuzo. Effect of radiation on longevity of an Anopheles arabiensis strain targeted for SIT releases M. Hamer. The Natural Science Collections Facility 6:45-7: B. Smit. Physiological underpinnings of local adaptation in a southern African endemic bird 7:00-7: A. Botha. The effect of diet restriction on core body temperature patterns in captive African buffalo exposed to hot summer conditions 7:5-7: K. Oswald. Do seasonal physiological responses to heat explain climate change vulnerability in a Fynbos endemic bird? 05. T. Bishop. Life on the Dragon s Back: the cold, not the heat, limits the distribution and behaviour of montane ants 079. F. Mumoki. Apis mellifera scutellata queens can control reproductive parasitism in A. m. capensis clones by blocking production of the queen substance S. Foord. Habitat, aspect and elevation interact to affect the relative roles of turnover and nestedness in explaining ant beta diversity across the Soutpansberg 089. M. Samuel. The effect of inorganic fertiliser pollution on the life history of the Anopheles arabiensis vector mosquito B. Kay. Evaluation and comparison of various plant extracts for the management of Lucilia sericata A. Burke. Winter is coming: the overwintering survival strategy of the African malaria vectors, and their responses to dryseason conditions 047. A. Ellis. The importance and evolution of the underappreciated keystone fly pollinators of Namaqualand J. Kemp. Herbivorous insect communities are coupled to plant species and phylogenetic community composition across short spatial scales in the Cape Floristic Region 07. J. Harrison. Rhinoceros beetles of southern Africa: a planned book 25

26 7:30-8:30 ESSA AGM in the Ruby auditorium END DAY 9:00-23:00 STUDENT FUNCTION at Aandklas, Hatfield TIME DIAMOND AUDITORIUM (capacity: 450) Wednesday 5 July 207 RUBY AUDITORIUM (capacity: 36) 08:30-09:00 REGISTRATION in the Central Foyer 09:00-0:00 PLENARY SPEAKER: PROF. DANIEL SIMBERLOFF Overflow seating with live stream ANNUAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA RESPONSES TO CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS (Continued) EMERALD AUDITORIUM (capacity: 00) REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT AMETHYST ROOM (capacity: 40) BIOGEOGRAPHY, TAXONOMY AND SYSTEMATICS (Continued) Chair: Hildegard Klein Pieter Olivier Ezette du Rand Sandra Mustafa 0:00-0:5 MANAGEMENT PROCESSES AND SOCIAL EFFECTS S. Kumschick. A risk analysis framework for the listing of alien species under regulations 0:5-0: A. Novoa. Initiating global action for managing cactus invasions 025. A. Ganswindt. Non-invasive monitoring of endocrine markers in wildlife 025. P. Singh. Hadeda ibis (Bostrychia hagedash) urban nesting, roosting and activity in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa 0:30-0:45 SPEED TALKS E. Kheswa. Habitat 00. E. J. Jones use and predator influence N. Senoge on honey badgers in K. Jama isimangaliso Wetland Park, B. Slippers South Africa 0:45-: K. T. Faulkner Prioritising surveillance for marine organisms transported as stowaways on ships T. van de Ven. To fledge or not to fledge? Hot days limit hornbill reproductive success :00-:30 BREAK - Morning tea in the Central Foyer ANNUAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA (Continued) RESPONSES TO CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS (Continued) 020. C. Weldon. Thermal preference of male Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) reflects higher sexual performance at warmer temperatures Y. Dahan-Moss. Study of the sexual maturity and mating of the Anopheles funestus male M. van Rooyen. Impaired reproductive performance of female Southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) in captive environments K. Medger. Effects of food restriction and photoperiod on reproduction in male spiny mice: Evidence for terminal investment? REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (Continued) B. Grobbelaar. Longhorn beetles: the good, the bad and the ugly (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Z. Mbo. A revision of the endemic South African spider genus Drassodella Hewitt, 96 (Araneae: Gallieniellidae) P. Maake. New predatory mites species of the genera Eustigmaeus Berlese, 90 and Eryngiopus Summers, 964 from citrus in Florida, USA (Acari: Stigmaeidae) 07. P. Tshililo. Integrated taxonomy of the endemic Karoo agile grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Euryphyminae) MOVEMENT Chair: Hildegard Klein Andrew McKechnie Marietjie Oosthuizen Sandra Mustafa :30-: D. le Maitre. Guidelines and tools for planning and management of alien plant species invasions 028. N. Pattinson. Seasonal behavioural responses of an aridzone passerine in a hot environment 033. K. Pentz. How do pollinating fig wasp mothers adjust their sex ratios? C. Tocco. Built for business? Dung beetle morphology and time of flight 26

27 :45-2: R. Thifhulufhelwi. Re-thinking Invasive Alien Plant control as a social process in a complex system: The case of the Blyde Catchment 2:00-2:5 SPEED TALKS L Molekoa J. Mukarugwiro A. L. Padayachee B. Nxele 2:5-2: J. le Roux. Understanding the impacts of invasive legumes on soil microbial community composition and function in South Africa s Cape Floristic Region 2:30-2: A. Qongqo. The role of phytopathogenic fungi in limiting plant invasions: The case of Australian Banksia (Proteaceae) in South Africa 2:45-3:00 SPEED TALKS K. V. Nkuna 083. D. Saccaggi B. Hurley 3:00-3: M. P. Hill. Community based implementation is vital to the wide-scale success of weed biological control in South Africa M. Molepo. Foraging behaviour and thermal physiology in Cape Sugarbirds: Sex-specific responses to temperature I. Minnaar. Thermal adaptation of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, to variable environments: a multigenerational experiment S. Coetzee. Thermal tolerance in the grain chinch bug, Macchiademus diplopterus, and the influence of controlled atmospheres for postharvest control K. Krüger. Response of aphids to heat waves and drought 040. K. Haylock. Sable antelope display flexibility in body temperature regulation and behavioural patterns during the dry season Open discussion 003. S. Mnguni. Behavioural observation experiments of cryptic species of Eccritotarsus sp. (Carvalho) (Hemiptera: Miridae), biological control agents of water hyacinth POPULATION AND COMMUNITY ECOLOGY 006. M. Wondafrash. Novel natural enemy encounters of an invasive forest insect pest M. Trisos. Disturbing resource hotspots: drought impacts on vegetation and insect communities around termite mounds J.-H. Daneel. Natal fly versus the Cape fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces, South Africa A. Manrakhan. The Oriental fruit fly: Four years after first establishment in the northern areas of South Africa O. Mlonyeni. Diversity in Sirex- Amylostereum-Deladenus complex: Understanding pest invasion and guiding management through biological control 3:5-4:30 LUNCH on the Deck 3:30-4:30 Lunchtime workshop: Applications for funding in the Ruby auditorium ANNUAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA (Continued) SOUTHERN AFRICAN SOIL BIOTA IN A CHANGING CLIMATE Chair: Brett Hurley Charlene Janion- Scheepers 4:30:4:45 PLENARY SPEAKER: DR. JIM TAYLOR C. Janion- Scheepers. A need for knowledge of soil biota ecological function in southern Africa POPULATION AND COMMUNITY ECOLOGY (Continued) Mark Robetson R. Mutamiswa. Species diversity and abundance of lepidopteran stem borer natural enemies in Botswana 087. A. Rebelo. Frog Olympics: exploring the locomotory ecomorphology of the pyxicephalid radiation in southern Africa E. Snelling. Scaling of the muscle-tendon energy recovery system in the lower hindlimbs of the kangaroo Macropus fuliginosus M. Mole. Do elephants migrate? 09. C. Price. Aspects of the spatial and population ecology of two terrapin species in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa M. Kral. Small mammal landscape corridor usage in a fragmented grassland ecosystem in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa 057. E. Church. Intersite movements and associations of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) ashore at Marion Island SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION AND PRODUCTION Gudrun Dittrich-Schröder H. Machekano. Diamondback moth pest status in Botswana: current control methods, perceptions and knowledge on alternative pest management options 27

28 4:45-5:00 PLENARY (Continued) W. Swart. Direct and indirect effects of abiotic factors on the rhizosphere microbiome of selected plants: Implications for measuring the impact of climate change 5:00-5:5 PLENARY (Continued) 054. A. Jacobs. Soil Fusarium survey of the grassland biome of South 5:5-5:30 NEW INVADERS Session chair: Brett Hurley SPEED TALKS 0268.P. Dlamini G. Wilson 095. A. Gouws L. Foxcroft 5:30-5: B. Isabirye. Global invasive spread and risk of the phytophagous fall armyworm: Climate change implications. 5:45-6: D. Visser. Invasions by Tuta absoluta and Spodoptera frugiperda: What is the threat to vegetable production in South Africa? Africa H. Badenhorst. The effect of pollutants and agricultural practices on soil mesofaunal assemblages J. A. Neethling. How the lack of importance in soil economy has affected pseudoscorpion (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) research 099. M. Blanckenberg. Resurrection ecology of invertebrates in temporary wetlands in the Cape Floristic region: effects of urbanisation and fire 6:00-6:30 BREAK - Afternoon tea in the Central Foyer ANNUAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA (Continued) SOUTHERN AFRICAN SOIL BIOTA IN A CHANGING CLIMATE (Continued) Chair: Charlene Janion- Scheepers 6:30-6:45 SPEED TALKS 036. S. van der Merwe H. du Plessis Soil biota as bioindicators T. Smit of erosion levels and fire I. Minnaar disturbances in afromontane grassland areas within the Golden Gate Highlands National Park 020. K. R. Pillay. Aspects of the ecology of vervet monkeys in urban ethekwini, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa J. M. Greef. Dispersal and mating patterns of the parasitic nematode, Spirocerca lupi S. Hoffmann. Dispersal patterns and animal personality in the eastern rock sengi (Elephantulus myurus) M. Louw. Densities of Arthroleptella lightfooti across the Cape Peninsula: Preliminary results from acoustic spatial capturerecapture H. Lutermann. Variation of morphometric and demographic parameters in eastern rock sengi populations POPULATION AND COMMUNITY ECOLOGY (Continued) Tom Bishop 02. R. Lerm. Almost a decade of water-dependent bird monitoring along the Olifants River, Kruger NP M. Acheampong. Suitability of entomopathogenic fungal isolates for microbial control of citrus pests: biological traits and effect of formulation 007. W. Kirkman. Postharvest detection of Thaumatotibia leucotreta in citrus fruit in South Africa 00. G. Prinsloo. Response of wheat aphids to plants treated with volatile substance 035. T. Sikhakhane. Exploring genetic approaches for Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) resistance breeding in wheat 049. T. Bapela. Increasing wheat resistance to Russian wheat aphid Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Hemoptera: Aphididae) biotypes SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION AND PRODUCTION (Continued) Gudrun Dittrich-Schröder 068. M. James. Local entomopathogenic nematodes can they help control the Mediterranean fruit fly? 6:45-7: J. Queffelec. Influence of reproductive biology on the invasive capacity of hymenoptera species: Sirex noctilio as a case study 044. J. Botham. Forest patch status and soil health indices along a topographical gradient within afromontane grasslands 7:00-7:5 SPEED TALKS S. Louw. Managing 048. R. Stals change in cropping system J. H. Venter soils requires strategic 047. T. Nelufule thinking C. Shivambu 039. C. Nyamukondiwa. Dominance of spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) over indigenous stemborer species in Africa s changing climates K. Fitza. Genetic diversity of Deladenus siricidicola, the biological control agent of the woodwasp Sirex noctilio 096. C. Gevers. The complex Leptocybe invasa gall community on Eucalyptus F. Bekker. The area-wide spatiotemporal distribution of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) populations in the Western Cape, South Africa 28

29 7:5-7: R. Smith G. Venturi L. G. Madire J. Musedeli Open discussion 7:30-8:30 ZSSA AGM in the Ruby auditorium 8:30-20:30 POSTER VIEWING FUNCTION in the Exhibition Hall END DAY N. P. Ngubane. Arthropods associated with blueberry plants (Vaccinium sp.) in the Mpumalanga and Western Cape Provinces of South Africa 023. C. Love. Monitoring population trends of false codling moth, carob moth and Mediterranean fruit fly on multi-crop farms in the Western Cape TIME DIAMOND AUDITORIUM (capacity: 450) Thursday 6 July 207 RUBY AUDITORIUM (capacity: 36) 08:30-09:00 REGISTRATION in the Central Foyer 09:00-0:00 PLENARY SPEAKER: PROF. BILL KARASOV Overflow seating with live stream ANNUAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY AND POPULATIONS EMERALD AUDITORIUM (capacity: 00) NUTRIENTS AND TOXINS AMETHYST ROOM (capacity: 40) SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION AND PRODUCTION Chair: Nic Venter Katarina Medger Quentin Guignard Kerstin Krüger 0:00-0:5 BIOCONTROL P. Olivier. Extinction 008. A. Hammerbacher G. Sutton. Does debt and species credit Behavioral response Hypogeococcus festerianus in coastal forests: does of the bark beetle, Ips successfully control the restoration lead to typographus, to commonly cactaceous weed Cereus conservation? associated Ophiosomatoid jamacaruin South Africa? fungi 0:5-0: J. A. Coetzee. Testing the thermal limits of Eccritotarsus catarinensis: Acclimation or heritability? L. Thompson. Breeding ecology of the Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus in the Kruger-to- Canyons Biosphere Region, South Africa 0:30-0:45 SPEED TALKS C. Downs S. F. Mvandaba Impact of habitat B. Cowie fragmentation and habitat L. G. Madire structure on the occupancy 084. P. Naidu of forest mammals in ethekwini Municipality 0:45-: S. Bush. Host specificity of the parasitoid Psyllaephagus bliteus a biological control agent of Glycaspis brimblecombei M. Burke. Microsatellite variation in a population-level study of the endangered bearded vulture Gyptaeus barbatus :00-:30 BREAK - Morning tea in the Central Foyer 004. K. Malod. Food, sex and death: any compromises? Nutritional geometry of a specialist pest fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) 042. C. Ngcamphalala. Flower length is more important than width in determining foraging preferences of white-bellied sunbirds (Cinnyris talatala) 050. E. du Rand. Detoxification ability of honeybee larvae has been underestimated C. Mole. Exploitation or valid justification? The use of animal specimens in forensic science research B. Dlamini. Entomopathogens isolated from local deciduous fruit orchards and vineyards to control of the banded fruit weevil, Phlyctinus callosus L. Mohase. South African Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) biotypes induce differential responses in wheat varieties grown in the highlands of Lesotho J. Hatting. Effect of an insecticide application at different frequencies on nut development in pecan trees, Carya illinoinensis (Juglandaceae) 29

30 ANNUAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA (Continued) CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY AND POPULATIONS (Continued) COMMUNICATION SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION AND PRODUCTION (Continued) Chair: Chair: Nic Venter Katarina Medger Quentin Guignard Monica Leitner :30-: P. C. Muskett. Post release evaluation and thermal physiology of the Pereskia stem-wilter, Catorhintha schaffneri :45-2: D. Marlin. Host-preference of the beetle Diorhabda carinulata on invasive and indigenous Tamarix spp C. Deacon. Conservation planning for one of the rarest and most threatened damselflies in the world S. Hugo. New methods for analysing species communities: multivariate modelling and Bayesian ordination 2:00-2:5 SPEED TALKS 022. M. Eckert. Diversity S. Mbonani and distribution of litter J. Hoffmann and topsoil arthropods in T. Abels timber plantation landscape mosaics: The biodiversity value of hydromorphic grasslands 2:5-2: J. Musedeli. A promising leaf-mining flea beetle, Epitrix sp., for the biological control of Cestrum species (Solanaceae) 2:30-2: H. Klein. Attempts at biological control of small roundleaved prickly pear, Opuntia engelmanii, in South Africa 025. T. Mzumara-Gawa. The changing face of southern Africa s Mopane woodlands: implications for conservation of threatened species and avian functional diversity 062. C. Cormac. Determining population dynamics of the Endangered Kloof Frog, Natalobatrachus bonebergi, through landscape genetics and monitoring 2:45-3:00 SPEED TALKS 092. V. Thabethe K. Musengi Supplementary feeding P. Mudau of African woolly-neck 073. N. Magengelele storks (Ciconia microscelis) 02. I. Egbon may explains their recent expansion in KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa K. Govender. Rodent responses to volatile compounds provides insights into the function of floral scent in mammal pollinated plants P. Pachuwah. The role of floral and fruit scent compounds as mosquito attractants: developing new methods for monitoring mosquito populations 027. V. Couldridge. Factors affecting nocturnal signalling behaviour in the bladder grasshopper, Bullacris unicolor I. Mutavhatsindi. The effect of foraging habitat on the intensity of acoustic signals in echolocation of the bats; Neoromicia capensis (Vespertilionidae) and Tadarida aegyptiaca (Molossidae) M. Tjiurutue. Messages from the other oide: Parasites receive damage cues from their host plants R. La Grange. The role of olfaction in host plant location of the leafhopper vector of aster yellows phytoplasma in grapevine L. van Emmenes. Hermetia illucens sausages as human food 09. S. Netshifhefhe. Human uses and indigenous knowledge of edible termites 029. N. Parry. Evaluation of three Chrysomya spp. and Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) for the bioconversion of waste products D.V. Fourie. Investigation of possible pyrethroid resistance development in two-spotted stinkbug, Bathycoelia distincta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on macadamia in South Africa M. Woods. The determination of nutrient requirements and development of artificial diets for the mass rearing of insects of economic importance L. Torrance. Management strategies to control the Cape grapevine leafminer, Holocacista capensis (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae), in South Africa 3:00-3:5 04. I. Paterson. Optimisation of biological control implementation strategies S. Bohn. Tall timber: Habitat selection of a tree-roosting bat during the reproductive season 3:5-4:30 LUNCH on the Deck 3:30-4:30 Lunchtime workshop: Career skills in the Ruby auditorium 049. A. Shuttleworth. Scent chemistry of the bizarre carrion-mimic Sarcophyte sanguinea (Balanophoraceae) 028. G. Dittrich- Schröder. The Leptocybe invasa genome: a window to understanding the biology of a serious invasive Eucalyptus pest 30

31 ANNUAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA (Continued) CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY AND POPULATIONS (Continued) OPEN SESSION SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION AND PRODUCTION (Continued) Chair: Samantha Naidoo Heike Lutermann Sasha Hoffman 4:30:4:45 PLENARY SPEAKER: PROF. BRIAN VAN WILGEN A. Purdon. Predicting ecological benchmarks for savannah elephant populations: providing context to counts 4:45-5:00 PLENARY (Continued) 023. T. Sethusa. SANBI s role in fostering sustained and informed support for animal conservation 5:00-5:5 PLENARY (Continued) A. Mariam. Explaining extinction risk pattern in the African Cyprinidae: It is all about wrong origin and wrong location 5:5-5:30 AQUATICS Session chair: Iain Paterson SPEED TALKS C. Makehle 032. N. Petela S. Ngxande-Koza G. Martin J. Theron. Response of spider diversity to landscape and patch heterogeneity in remnant natural patches within agricultural landscapes of the Cape Floristic Region 5:30-5:45 SPEED TALKS R. Guldemond. The questionable impact of elephants on others N. Baso S. N. Kenfack Voukeng 037. N. Venter M. S. Ndlovu 5:45-6: S. Marr. Evaluating invasion risk for freshwater fishes in South Africa J. Streicher. Effects of differing land use on the presence and habitat use of various mongoose species 6:00-6:30 BREAK - Afternoon tea in the Central Foyer ANNUAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA (Continued) CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY AND POPULATIONS (Continued) 029. D. Finaughty. Carrion feeding ecology of the Cape Grey Mongoose and its forensic implications K. Williams. The temporal occurrence of flesh flies (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) at carrion-baited traps in Grahamstown, South Africa 034. H. Bosua. Performance of honeybees (Apis mellifera scutellata: Lepeletier) in laboratory conditions: effects of diet state (liquid or solid) on survival and nutrient regulation N. Lubcker. Whiskers of southern elephant seals as matrix for obtaining fine-scale dietary data D. Angst. New insights into the life history of the dodo from bone histology A. Chinsamy-Turan. Palaeobiology of the giant insular extinct bird, Aepyornis maximus OPEN SESSION V. Steyn. Mechanisms mediating false codling moth mating disruption, using point-source pheromone dispensers S. Schoeman. Case studies regarding the effect of tree manipulation on the commercial management of key insect pests in two subtropical tree crops J. Adendorff. Antioxidant enzymes in wheat play a role in Alexin -mediated resistance to Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) T. Grout. Undercover complications: The trend for growing citrus under net provides new opportunities for pest management research R. Erasmus. Development of stem borers on Bt and non-bt maize plant crosses W. Weeks. Evaluation of four Brassicaceae types in terms of insect attraction and nematode bio-fumigant potential in the North-West Province SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION AND PRODUCTION (Continued) Chair: Iain Paterson Margaux Rat Kevin Malod Monica Leitner 6:30-6: L. Mofu. Assessing the relative impact potential of successfully introduced fishes in man-made aquatic environments S. Parbhu. Genotypic and phenotypic characterisation of captive lion (Panthera leo) populations in South Africa 026. M. Brigham. Thermoregulation by captive and free-ranging Egyptian rousette bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) in South Africa B. Slippers. Molecular and chemical ecology are important for the management of emerging pests in plantation forestry 3

32 6:45-7: L. Bloy. An assessment of whether thermal tolerance is a driving factor of non-native fish invasion fronts M. Freeman. Matrix transformation alters species-area relationships in fragmented coastal forests 7:00-7:5 SPEED TALKS 033. A. Thompson D. Khosa Katydids (Orthoptera: 08. S. Motitsoe Tettigoniidae) respond to habitat quality and not to the zones of a biosphere reserve 7:5-7:30 H. Zimmermann. Video presentation Knockout: the spectacular control of the boxing glove cactus using a newly introduced natural enemy S. Willows-Munro. Conservation genetics: Vultures in crisis END DAY 3 8:30-20:30 CONFERENCE DINNER AND AWARDS in the Exhibition Hall S. Ackermann. Circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in captive Emin s molerats, Heliophobius emini (Rodentia: Bathyergidae) 030. P. Roets. Life history changes in the marula fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in response to selection for age of reproduction 022. B. Hannweg. Association between an artificial and natural habitat of the Eastern Cape redfin minnow 045. V. Swart. An ecological analysis of stink bug and lepidopteran borer complexes associated with pecan and citrus orchards 046. S. Thackeray. Secondary pest outbreaks: The relationship between Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and mealybug in Navel oranges V. Tolmay. Resistance reaction of selected advanced bread wheat linesand cultivars to all four known biotypes of Russian wheat aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in South Africa 32

33 Plenary speaker abstracts

34 Sex, drugs and ecosystem services: the ecological functions of nectar toxins Philip C Stevenson Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom & Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB United Kingdom. Plants invest significant resources producing nectar to reward flower visiting pollinators. Paradoxically, nectars often contain toxic compounds that protect plants against herbivore antagonists so could disrupt pollinator mutualisms and reduce plant fitness. Alternatively, they could benefit both plant and pollinator. The defensive role of plant compounds is well established their function in nectar is less well understood. However, increasing evidence supports beneficial ecological functions for nectar toxins. For example, grayanotoxin in Rhododendron ponticum L. nectar is selectively toxic to different flower visitors and by excluding some pollinators may impose chemical based selection for preferred pollinators optimising pollination efficiency. Highly adapted floral nectaries in Aconitum species are accessible only to long-tongued bees but are occasionally robbed by short-tongued species biting through the corolla. The nectar contains alkaloids toxic to both bee species but the pollinator tolerates higher concentrations so selective toxicity of nectar provides additional protection against nectar thieves. The antimicrobial monoterpene thymol occurs in Thymus vulgaris nectar and is biological active against gut parasites of bumblebees so management of landscapes with medicinal plants could enable bees to reduce disease load or even self-medicate. Perhaps the most surprising effect of nectar chemicals is caffeine, a deterrent compound at high concentration, but in nectar of Coffee and Citrus species is low where, undetected by bees, enhances bee memory for learned floral cues associated with food reward. Effectively it drugging pollinators into greater floral fidelity and so enhances pollen transfer. These findings could help devise novel technologies for improving ecosystems services. 34

35 Invasion biology and management: Progress, problems, and polemics Daniel Simberloff University of Tennessee Modern invasion biology is a young field, beginning in the 980s. Nevertheless, we now know of drastic impacts of hundreds of invaders. They eat native species, overgrow them, outcompete them, infect them, hybridize with them, and have myriad other impacts. Impacts affecting entire ecosystems have been increasingly documented, particularly as ecological research on abovegroundbelowground interactions has increased. Despite this hecatomb, the past few years have seen several criticisms of the field of invasion biology and management. Among other bones of contention, critics charge that the field is infected with xenophobia, claim that the damage caused by biological invasions is overblown, and argue that, even if effects of biological invasions are substantial, we can t do much about the phenomenon in the face of globalization, so we shouldn t waste our resources trying. These criticisms are misguided. In particular, successful management projects (including eradications) are proliferating, with several evolving new approaches and ambitious goals. 35

36 Climate change and ecotoxicology: predicting toxicant exposure and impacts on ectotherms in warming environments Karasov, W.H., Brown, C.T., and J.M. Yahn. As climate warms, are vertebrate and invertebrate ectotherms under greater risk to toxicants? We studied in a model ectotherm (northern leopard frogs, Lithobates (Rana) pipiens) at several temperatures the impacts of dietary exposure to environmentally relevant levels of two model persistent organic pollutants - polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; we use congeners 70 and 26) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs; we use the congener mixture DE-7TM). We hypothesized that the increased temperatures associated with climate change (i) will increase food and hence toxicant intake rate and elimination rates that influence overall exposure (i.e., bioaccumulation the ratio of toxicant in tissue/food), and (ii) will increase contaminant toxicity. We reared tadpoles at temperatures between 8 and 28 oc, measured toxicant bioaccumulation and elimination, and tested for impacts on features of (i) whole-animal energetics of tadpoles and (ii) immune function of post-metamorphic frogs. Over the range oc, respiration, which drives food and toxicant intake rate, and toxicant elimination, increased similarly. For both toxicants, bioaccumulation did not change significantly with increased rearing temperature, indicating that faster toxicant uptake at warmer temperature was balanced by faster toxicant elimination. We found that effects of toxicants and of increased temperature were additive, and not synergistic, on features of energetics. For PBDE, for example, respiration, digestive efficiency, growth and development of tadpoles were increased at warmer rearing temperatures, but negative effects of PBDEs, when they occurred, were not magnified. Overall, warmer rearing temperature depressed innate immune function of metamorphs regardless of toxicant exposure level, and warmer rearing temperature enhanced a negative effect of PCBs on antibody production (a synergistic effect). Both of these effects might make amphibians more susceptible to pathogens in warming environments. The principles and approaches that are discussed should be applicable to other vertebrate and invertebrate ectotherms. Funding provided by the National Sea Grant College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce (Grant no. NA0OAR470070, Project R/HCE-4) and the UW- Madison Dept. Forest and Wildlife Ecology. 36

37 Work Skills, Education for Sustainable Development in a safe and just space for humanity Dr Jim Taylor (WESSA Director of Environmental Education) jt@wessa.co.za We are experiencing a very chaotic time, where humanity determines the outcome for the Planet sustainability or collapse? Steffen (2008) The unanimous approval of the Sustainable Development Goals by 93 countries in September 205 represents one of the most significant policy shifts in recent history. Officially, at least, the environment movement and actions towards sustainability are at the forefront of global policy. Do the SDG s represent a dream come true or does achieving more sustainable life-style choices remain the big challenge for humanity? Pressing issues such as Invasive alien species are placing the Earth s life support systems including air, water, biodiversity and food production at risk. These risks are currently exceeding the planetary boundaries. We also need to work within the limits of human well-being, however, and ensure that social issues like decent health-care, quality education and nutritious food are adequately provided for. In short we are seeking a safe and just space for humanity. These concepts will be explored with methodologies, tools and practices. These include Work Skills Training, Working for Eco-Systems and citizen science approaches. Since invasive alien risks are challenges that are created by humans any response that holds hope for longer term solutions need to be human-based. Meaningful Education for Sustainable Development processes are recommended along with co-engaged action learning. 37

38 South Africa s first national status report on biological invasions Brian W. van Wilgen Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa This presentation provides a preliminary assessment of the status of biological invasions in South Africa. In terms of regulations under the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, the South African National Biodiversity Institute is required to produce a report on the status of invasive species, and on the effectiveness of control interventions and regulations, every three years. The team responsible for compiling the report have developed a set of indicators that assess the main aspects of invasions, as well the effectiveness of control measures, and of the regulations. One of the aims of this talk is to obtain feedback on the preliminary findings. Preliminary data on the number of alien species in the country, and their status in terms of distribution, dominance and impact will be presented, as well as the degree to which particular areas are invaded. An assessment of the effectiveness of control is difficult, as there are almost no adequate management plans that indicate the intended goals of control measures in particular areas, and no adequate monitoring and assessment of outcomes. While there are some localised successes, there is also a great deal of evidence that control measures have been ineffective in many areas. The regulations have been in place for less than three years, and it is probably premature to expect that their effectiveness could be assessed at this early stage. The status report on biological invasions has to be repeated every three years, so it will in future offer the opportunity to track invasions over time. 38