A Planthopper in the Family Fulgoridae

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2 Lycorma delicatula (WHITE): A Planthopper in the Family Fulgoridae About 129 Genera, 696 Species in the world Christopher Marley Planthopper Formation Only 9 Genera and 17 species in North America Lycorma is represented by 7 species worldwide Like most planthoppers, Lycorma pierce the stems of plants or trees with their proboscis.

3 Adults: July 24-December Egg Laying: October 13-November Eggs: October-June One Generation Per Year Fourth Instar: July 7-September Hatch and 1st Instar: May 12- June Third Instar: June 24-Mid July Second Instar: June 03- July

4 Egg masses have on average between eggs and can be laid on trees or any smooth surface

5 Egg masses have been found on many different objects and often are well hidden

6 Egg masses have been found on many different objects and often are well hidden

7 Immature stages migrate up and down trees/plants each day and are easily caught on tree bands

8 Adults begin to appear in late summer, feed preferentially on Ailanthus, mate, and lay eggs In South Korea females lay eggs twice before dying Males and females mate multiple times

9 The Pest: Adults and late instars are rarely caught on bands, but can be easily captured with other active techniques

10 The eradication program relies on cooperation. Local officials, state agencies, and extension lead the organizational charge PDA crews, volunteers, property owners and businesses work in concert Spotted lanternfly pays the price!

11 Outreach Signs for municipalities Compliance training tools for industry Compliance tools for local hunting/gun clubs Mailings

12 SPOTTED LANTERNFLY NUMBERS FOR Egg mass scraping killed 618,245 Lycorma 429 Public reports investigated, 50% accurate Ailanthus removal/trap tree setup implemented Volunteer Bands Placed Volunteer Service Count PDA Bands Placed PDA Service Count This Week Total for Program ,536 23,227 38, ,370 2,827 9,197 4, , , ,883

13 Removal-Trap Tree Method Most Ailanthus are removed or killed with herbicide

14 Removal-Trap Tree Method Though this method targets Adult Lycorma, it also impacts the immature stages

15 About 7,484 sites surveyed across the state by Apiary Inspectors, Plant Inspectors and other agencies

16 PDA extended the state quarantine to 17 Townships in 5 Counties Similar to gypsy moth quarantine Citizens self-check Businesses operate under compliance agreement

17 2015 Research Highlights: Miriam Cooperband, USDA-OTIS: Host volatiles, chipping, trap efficacy Rick Turcotte, Craig Larcenaire USFS: Degree Day Study Greg Setliff, Kutztown University: Host Range Study Mike Saunders, PSU: Impact on Grape Julie Urban, NC Nat History Museum: DNA Analysis Julie Gould, USDA-OTIS: Parasitoid Studies PA DCNR, Bureau of Forestry: Ailanthus distribution

18 Host Range Study FIG 1. Brown sticky band on Betula lenta with 2 nd instar SLF; FIG 2. Feeding damage on Ailanthus altissima; FIG 3. Egg laying on Salix sp. (cryptic egg masses indicated) 3,600+ SLF killed on sticky bands Bands were effective for capturing 1st 3rd instars only 24 new North American tree species added to SLF host list SLF preference for Ailanthus confirmed (compared to other spp.) 1st-3rd instars as likely to be on non-ailanthus trees as Ailanthus Few SLF adults were on non-ailanthus trees (Aug-Nov); however, large adult congregations were observed on Ailanthus during this period

19 Host Range Study TABLE 1. North American tree species positive for SLF in Kutztown study. Scientific Name Acer palmatum Acer platanoides Acer rubrum Acer saccharum Ailanthus altissima Amelanchier canadensis Betula lenta Betula papyrifera Carya glabra Carya ovata Fagus grandifolia Fraxinus americana Juglans nigra Liriodendron tulipifera Nyssa sylvatica Platanus occidentalis Populus grandidentata Prunus serotina Quercus prinus Quercus rubra Salix spp. Sassafras albidum Tilia americana Ulmus rubra Vitis spp. Celastrus orbiculatus Common Name Japanese maple Norway maple Red maple Sugar maple Tree-of-heaven Serviceberry Black birch Paper birch Pignut hickory Shagbark hickory Beech White ash Black walnut Tulip poplar Black gum Sycamore Big-toothed aspen Black cherry Chestnut Oak Red Oak Willow Sassafras Linden Slippery elm Grape Oriental bittersweet

20 Biocontrol of Lycorma Julie Gould- USDA Julie Gould, Cooperative agreement with Chinese Academy of Forestry for foreign exploration. USDA-APHIS has imported into quarantine Lycorma eggs parasitized by Anastatus orientalis. Current emphasis on rearing Lycorma and the parasitoids and initiating Dr. Houping Lui, DCNR-PA working on parasitoids found in PA lanternfly populationshost specificity testing.

21 PA DCNR, Bureau of Forestry: Ailanthus distribution

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23 Allium Leafminer Found in December 2015 PA first in US to find and official ID 2 generations per year Spring and Fall Significant crop loss in onion and leeks

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25 Thank You!