Nature Structural & Molecular Biology: doi: /nsmb Supplementary Figure 1

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1 Supplementary Figure 1 Identification of the ScDcp2 minimal region interacting with both ScDcp1 and the ScEdc3 LSm domain. Pull-down experiment of untagged ScEdc3 LSm with various ScDcp1-Dcp2-His 6 fragments. Input and eluted (His pull-down) samples were analyzed on 15% SDS-PAGE and Coomassie Blue staining.

2 Supplementary Figure 2 Experimental and anomalous electron density maps. A. Experimental electron density map (contour: 1σ) obtained by Se-MAD. The m 7 GDP molecule bound to Dcp2 active site is shown in red sticks. Color code is the same as for Fig.1A. B. Anomalous difference electron density map (contour: 4σ) calculated from the dataset collected at the energy corresponding to the peak of Se absorption spectra, showing the location of Se atoms from selenomethionines. The methionine side chains as built in the final model are shown as sticks, validating side chain assignment in our structure.

3 Supplementary Figure 3 m 7 GDP-binding site. A. The molecule bound to KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3 active site in the crystals is m 7 GDP. Several crystals were harvested and dissolved in water. Upon addition of nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and ATP-ɣP 32 to dissolved crystals, the formation of m 7 GTP confirms the presence of m 7 GDP in the crystals (Lane 3). As negative and positive controls, NDPK and ATP-ɣP 32 were incubated with water (Lane 1) or m 7 GDP (Lane 2). The content of the reaction was analyzed by TLC and the nature of the m 7 GTP product was confirmed by migration in a different TLC buffer (data not shown). B. Alignment of Dcp2 sequences. For the sake of clarity, only Dcp2 regions corresponding to NRD and Nudix are shown. Strictly conserved residues are in white on a black background. Partially conserved residues are boxed. Residues involved in m 7 GDP binding are indicated by black stars below the alignment. Secondary structure elements as observed in our structure of KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3 and in SpDcp1-Dcp2 compact form (PDB code: 2QKM, chain B) are indicated. This panel was generated using the ESPript server (Robert, X. & Gouet, P. Deciphering key features in protein structures with the new ENDscript server. Nucleic Acids Res 42, W320, (2014)). C. Representation of the sequence conservation score at the surface of KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3 complex. The m 7 GDP is shown as red sticks. Coloring is from gray (low conservation) to cyan (highly conserved). D. Stereo view representation of m 7 GDP binding mode.

4 Supplementary Figure 4 Superimposition of Dcp2 and bound ligands with E. coli RppH and associated RNA. Superimposition of ligands bound to KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3, SpDcp1-Dcp2 and E. coli RppH. m 7 GDP bound to KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3 (grey), ATP bound to the compact form of SpDcp1-Dcp2 (yellow sticks ; She, M. et al. Structural basis of dcp2 recognition and activation by dcp1. Mol Cell 29, 337, (2008)) and RNA fragment bound to RppH (magenta ; Vasilyev, N. & Serganov, A. Structures of RNA complexes with the Escherichia coli RNA pyrophosphohydrolase RppH unveil the basis for specific 5'-end-dependent mrna decay. J Biol Chem 290, 9487, (2015)) are shown as sticks. This figure was generated by superimposing Nudix domains from our structure of KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3-m 7 GDP complex and from E. coli RppH onto the compact form of the SpDcp1-Dcp2 complex. SpDcp1-Dcp2 and E. coli RppH are not shown. For the sake of clarity, neither SpDcp1-Dcp2 nor E. coli RppH are shown as ribbons. SpY220 (KlF223 or ScY222), which stacks with adenine ring in SpDcp1-Dcp2 compact form, is shown as cyan sticks.

5 Supplementary Figure 5 KlDcp2-Edc3 interface. A. Sequence alignment of the Sp, Sc and KlDcp2 region involved in Edc3 binding. Strictly conserved residues are in white on a black background. Partially conserved residues are boxed. Residues involved in Edc3 binding are indicated by black stars below the

6 alignment. B. Sequence alignment of Sp, Sc and KlEdc3 LSm domain. Strictly conserved residues are in white on a black background. Partially conserved residues are boxed. Residues involved in Dcp2 binding are indicated by black stars below the alignment. Panels A and B were generated using the ESPript server. C. Detailed representation of KlDcp2-Edc3 interface. Some side chain residues from the interface are shown as sticks. D. Superimposition of SpDcp2-Edc3 complex determined by NMR (SpDcp2 and SpEdc3 LSm are in yellow and grey, respectively) onto KlDcp2-Edc3 as observed in our structure. Some side chain residues from both Dcp2 proteins are shown as sticks. E. Comparison of Edc3 LSm residues involved in Dcp2 binding. The superimposition shown in panel E is viewed from a different angle as panel D using the same color code. Some side chains from SpEdc3 and KlEdc3 involved in Dcp2 binding are shown as sticks.

7 Supplementary Figure 6 KlEdc3 LSm stimulates KlDcp1 Dcp2 enzymatic activity and RNA binding. A. Fluorescence quenching analyses of RNA binding to KlDcp1-Dcp2 or KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3. FAM-labeled RNA (10 nm) was incubated with increasing amount of purified recombinant complexes. The graph represents the difference in fluorescence ( F) between the free fluorescent RNA and the reaction mix as a function of complex concentration. The curves obtained after fitting of the experimental data with equation (A) from the materials and methods section, are shown as a solid line. Error bars were calculated from triplicate experiments. Kd values determined for KlDcp1-Dcp2 or KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3 complexes are 3.8 µm ± 0.4 and 1.9 µm ± 0.1, respectively. B. Specific activation of KlDcp1-Dcp2 by KlEdc3 LSm domain. 32 P cap-labeled RNA was incubated with equimolar amounts of KlDcp1- Dcp2, KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3 or KlDcp1-Dcp2 supplemented with BSA as a non-specific carrier. Left: Formation of m 7 GDP as a result of decapping was monitored after 0, 10, 30 and 90 minutes by TLC analysis and autoradiography. Right: Results of three biochemical reactions were quantified and the amount of m 7 GDP formation as a function of time and standard deviations from triplicate experiments were plotted.

8 Supplementary Figure 7 Model of Edc1 bound to the KlDcp1 Dcp2 Edc3 ternary complex. Model of Edc1 binding to Dcp1 in the KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3-m 7 GDP complex. This representation has been generated by superimposing the Dcp1 EVH1 domains from SpDcp1-Dcp2-Edc1 (Valkov, E. et al. Structure of the Dcp2-Dcp1 mrna-decapping complex in the activated conformation. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 23, , (2016)) and KlDcp1-Dcp2-Edc3 structures. The SpEdc1 peptide is shown in magenta with the YAG conserved motif shown as sticks. For the sake of clarity, SpDcp1-Dcp2 complex as bound to SpEdc1 has been omitted in this representation.

9 Table S1: Rmsd values (Å) calculated between structures of K. lactis protein domains and those of corresponding domains from S. pombe and S. cerevisiae proteins. The PDB code used for structure comparison is indicated in brackets below the name of the domain. Sequence identity is indicated in bracket. SpDcp1 EVH1 (2QKM) ScDcp1 (1Q67) SpDcp2 NRD (2A6T) ScDcp2 Nudix (4KG3) SpDcp2 Nudix (2A6T) SpDcp1- Dcp2 NRD (5J3Y) SpEdc3 LSm (4A54) KlDcp1 EVH (27%) 1.37 (78%) KlDcp2 NRD 1.6 (43%) KlDcp2 Nudix 0.8 (64%) 1.2 (40%) KlDcp1- Dcp2 NRD 1.8 (30%) KlEdc3 LSm 1.6 (22%) 1

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