Protein function studies: history, current status and future trends

Transcription

1 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Vol. 19, No. 3 Jun., (2007) ( ) Q51A Protein function studies: history, current status and future trends MA Jing, GE Xi, CHANG Zengyi * (Protein Science Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing , China ) Abstract: Protein participates in almost all the life processes, including inheritance, development, reproduction, stress response, energy and material metabolisms etc. Unveiling the biological functions of the thousands of proteins present in living organisms is one key aspect of protein studies, and will be one of the most Challenging issues in life sciences Reviewed here is the history, current status, and future trends of studies on protein function. It is wished that this review will help readers, especially those who are not involved in protein research, to better understand the importance of the Protein Research Plan formulated in the Mid-and Long-term Plan of Science and Technology Development in China ( ). Key words: protein; function; post-genome era 1878 ( ) 20 [1-3] 1938 (protein) [1-3] (2006CB910300) (1982 ) (1982 ) (1965 ) * changzy@pku. edu.cn

2 ( proteins) (1838 ) 20 ( ) (1902 ) (1931 ) 1875 (1864 ) [1] Sumner Northrop ( ) ( ) [2] (phenylketonuria PKU) (cystic fibrosis CF) [4] 2 20 DNA DNA ( ) [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] ( 1) DNA DNA

3 DNA [11] Panther( ) GO(Gene Ontology ) ( ) [2] [2] ( ) [12] DNA ( ) ( ) ( DNA RNA )

4 3 297 ( ) [13] DNA RNA ( DNA RNA ) () RNA ( ) ( ) [14] RNA (RNAi) [15] RNAi mrna ( searches/rnai_search) ( X- ) [16] 3.3 DNA [17-18] (1) [19] (2) (3) [20]

5 [21] [22] 4 ATP ADP Pi ATP [23] [24] ( ) ( ) () 5 ( ) ( ) 5.1 ( ) ( ) [25] DNA

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