CONVERSATIONAL ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY ON THE CONVERSATION BETWEEN RECEPTIONISTS AND GUESTS AT KUNJA VILLAS

Transcription

1 CONVERSATIONAL ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY ON THE CONVERSATION BETWEEN RECEPTIONISTS AND GUESTS AT KUNJA VILLAS BY: NI PUTU ELISTIAWATI ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF ARTS UDAYANA UNIVERSITY 2016 i

2 This paper is submitted as a partial fulfillment to obtain the S1 degree in the English Department, Faculty of Arts Udayana University Approved by the Examining Board of the English Department Faculty of Arts Udayana University Denpasar, April 2016 Chairman Secretary Dr. Ni Luh Kt. Mas Indrawati, Dip. Tefl, M.A. Ni Kt. Sri Rahayuni, S.S., M.Hum NIP NIP ii

3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to thank God for blessing me in finishing this undergraduate thesis entitled Conversational Analysis: A Case Study toward the Conversation between Receptionists and Guest at Kunja Vilas. I am grateful to my supervisors Dr.Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini, S.S., M.Hum and I Nyoman Tri Ediwan as my first and second supervisors for understanding and supporting me and also made it possible for me to work on a topic that was of great interest to me. Their suggestions have helped me a lot through all the difficulties which arose during the writing of this research and also gave their encouragement and generous assistance. I would like to express my gratitude to A. A. Sagung Shanti Sari Dewi, S.S., M. Hum, M. App. Ling. as my academic supervisor who has given me constant encouragement and has enabled me to complete my studies within eight semesters. I would like also to thank the Dean of the Faculty of Arts, Udayana University, Prof. Dr. Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha, M. A. and all of her staffs. Also Gusti Ngurah Parthama, S.S., M. Hum as the Head of English Department and all the lecturers who have guided me and given me valuable knowledge through my academic years. I owe a deep sense of gratitude and thank with boundless love and appreciation to my family especially my parents. None of this could have happened without them, who offered their encouragement, support and love in every second and situation. To my brothers and sister thank you for always be kind and supportive to me over these past few years. This study stands iii

4 to your unconditionally love and encouragement, I am forever grateful. It is my privilege to thank my best friends for supporting, encouraging, and understanding me through the difficult times in these past few months. And thanks to all my friends at the English Department, Faculty of Arts, Udayana University, for your support and companion during the process of studying in the class and organization since the first until the last semester. Denpasar, 2016 Ni Putu Elistiawati iv

5 ABSTRACT The topic discussed in this undergraduate paper entitled Conversational Analysis: A Case Study On The Conversation Between Receptionists And Guests At Kunja Villas the analysis is mainly aimed at analyzing the conversational between receptionists and the guests. It investigates the language functions, adjacency pairs, referential cohesions and conjunctions occurred in the conversations between receptionists and the guests. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively based on the theory of language function proposed by Jones (1981), theory purposed by Schegloff & Sacks (1977) in terms of adjacency pairs and theory from Halliday (1976) in order to know the referential cohesions and conjunctions. This study used descriptive method in presenting the analysis. The data were classified into kind of language functions. Eventually, the data were analyzed the adjacency pairs, referential cohesion, and conjunctions. There are some language functions used by receptionist, such as confirming, greeting, giving information, requesting, offering help, offering something, thanking people, apologizing, agreeing, getting information, and saying goodbye. The result of analysis also shows the different categories of organization in the conversation between receptionist and the guests at Kunja Villa in terms of adjacency pair. Most adjacency pairs are organized into two types, linear or strict adjacency pairs and insertion sequence. In those seven data, Question and Answer are the types of adjacency pairs are mostly occurring. A lot of referential cohesion and conjunctions are found in those seven data. There are three types of referential cohesion. They are personal, demonstrative, and comparative. Personal and demonstrative referential cohesion are found and identified in all the data. Conjunctions that are found in those seven data include adversative, additive, causal, and temporal. Additive conjunctions are mostly found in all data. Keywords: language functions, repairs, referential cohesion, adjacency v

6 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE... i APPROVAL SHEET... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS... iii ABSTRACT... v TABLE OF CONTENTS... vi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background Problem of Study Aims Scope of Discussion Research Method Data Source Method and Technique of Collecting Data Method and Technique in Analyzing Data Method and Technique of Presenting Analysis... 6 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE, CONCEPTS, AND THEORITICAL FRAME WORK 2.1 Review of Literature Concepts Concept of Language Function Definition of Conversation Concept of Conversational Analysis vi

7 2.2.4 The Concept of Cohesion Definition of Adjacency Pairs Theoretical Framework Adjacency Pairs Language Functions According to Leo Jones Referential cohesion Conjunction CHAPTER III ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATION BETWEEN RECEPTIONISTS AND THE GUESTS AT KUNJA VILLAS 3.1 Adjacency Pairs Analysis Adjacency Pairs Analysis on Conversation Process of Check-In Adjacency Pairs Analysis of Conversation on Give a Letter Adjacency Pairs Analysis of Conversation on Complaining Adjacency Pairs Analysis of Conversation on Getting Information Adjacency Pairs Analysis of Conversation on Requesting Adjacency Pairs of Conversation on Getting Conversation Adjacency Pairs Analysis of Conversation on Getting Accident Analysis of Referential Cohesion Personal References Demonstrative References Conjunction Additive Causal vii

8 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX viii