WILLIAM LILLY AND HIS METHOD OF PRIMARY DIRECTIONS

Transcription

1 1 WILLIAM LILLY AND HIS METHOD OF PRIMARY DIRECTIONS by Rumen Kolev, winter of 1998 A detailed research into the primary directions of William Lilly as given in his 'Christian Astrology', 1647, 'Regulus Publishing Co.', Pages Published in March 1998 in the journal 'The Primary Directions' and in the Feb. 99 issue of the USA journal 'Considerations'. The title page of Andreas Argolus' 'TABULAE PRIMI MOBILIS' published in Rome in William Lilly most probably used the tables from this book for his calculations of primaries.

2 WILLIAM LILLY AND HIS METHOD OF PRIMARY DIRECTIONS by Rumen Kolev The predictive methods of William Lilly can be found in his book, 'Christian Astrology', published in For the research made here, I used the edition of 'Regulus Publishing Co.' from Pages deal exclusively with predictive techniques. All calculations and recalculations of primary directions and variables in this article are made with the computer program 'Placidus'. Lilly opens chapter 98 in his 'Christian Astrology' with an example chart (p.500). Pointing at the importance of a rectification for the 'judgement', he describes three ways to rectify a horoscope (p ): Trutina Hermetis, Animodar and Accidentia Nati. Up to page 506 Lilly explains the first two methods. His conclusion ( p.506, bottom lines) is clear cut, '...neither the Trutine of Hermes, or this (Animodar), are of so sure foundation, as that Correction which is performed by Accidents (Accidentia Nati or rectification by past events with primary directions).' 21z 55x 6z 37x 3z 5z 1z < 00x 44x 0z William Lilly's Example Chart 19 September, 1616 ( Julian ), 2:24:30 PM, Geo. Lat. 53z N RAMC = 222z 10x, MC = 14z 39x I, ASC= 6z 37x P R 02x 9z 44x 1z RAMC = Right Ascension of MC. FIGURE 1 2

3 M WILLIAM LILLY M Recalculated with computer 29 September, 1616 ( Gregorian) UT = 2:14:05 PM, Geo. Lat. 53z N < 1z 35x RAMC = 222z 10x, MC = 14z 39x I, ASC= 6z 41x P FIGURE 2 TABLE 1 William Lilly's Example Chart Long. Lat. RA Dec A06z 37xu0z 0x 186z 04x 02z 38xS S01z 44xE5z 0xN 058z 30x 25z 38xN D 03z 34xu1z 32xS 182z 40x 02z 49xS F 06z 54xu1z 0xS 186z 43x 01z 50xS G 00z 54xT0z 28xN 123z 14x 20z 32xN H 21z 55xO0z 37xS 261z 11x 23z 52xS H J 09z 02xW2z 58xS 037z 36x 11z 42xNJ Recalculated with computer Long. Lat. RA Dec A06z 43xu0z 0x 186z 10x 02z 40xS S 01z 37xE 5z 11xN 058z 20x 25z 36xN D F G 05z 06xu1z 21xN 185z 12x 00z 47xS 07z 58xu1z 16xN 187z 49x 01z 59xS 00z 44xT 1z 05xN 123z 13x 21z 05xN 21z 51xO 0z 05xN 261z 08x 23z 09xS 09z 00xW2z 40xS 037z 29x 12z 00xN I reconstructed the horoscope by adjusting the right ascension of the MC. From the data above, it becomes clear that D and F are the planets seriously deviating from their positions in the computer recalculation. To a lesser extent, this is the case also with G and H. The positions of J, the S and the A are fairly exact. The S in the charts on pages 500 and 742 is in 1z 14x E. However, this must be a typographical error since on pages 512 and 774 the correct position of the S is given as 1z 44x E. 3

4 In the beginning of page 507 (chapter 100), Lilly mentions that some astrologers use transits or profections for rectification purposes and gently sweeps these aside as ineffective and dubious, '...as I could never find any verity or probability in either of those two wayes in my practice, so do I leave them to any who are desirous to practice them...' His kindness goes even further and he directs the 'desirous' to treatises by Origanus, John Schonar and Pezelius where these ways of rectification are explained. Done with that, Lilly swiftly and industriously turns himself to elucidate the method of rectification, which he holds for best, namely- through eminent past events and their correlation with primary directions (Accidentia Nati). On page 508 he writes: '...by (primary) direction (of the Asc., MC, the A, S and <[Pars Fortunae]) most of the affairs and contingencies belonging to every man or woman in a natural course of life are found out, both in quality What, and in measure of time When.' For rectification purposes Lilly advocates using primary directions to the Asc. and MC only, since the directions to the other three hylegiacall places do not change much with a change in the birth time 1. According to Lilly, we should first procure ourselves with a list of prominent past events in the native's life, looking specifically for such events that can be associated with the symbolism of the Asc. or MC. For the ascendant these are: sicknesses, afflictions, injuries...of the body. For the MC: honours, marriage, promotions Some of the Placidian mundo interplanetary directions may have even higher time sensitivity than the directions to the Asc or MC. In the Placidian system, the directions used in the rectification are: 1. of planets to angles, 2. mundo parallels, 3. mundo rapt parallels and 4. planets mundo to house curves. Directions of type 1,3 and 4 change their hitdates with 1 year if we change the birth time with 4 minutes. The mundo parallels have the highest time sensitivity. It depends on several factors. Every mundo parallel has its own time sensitivity. It can reach as much as 4 years change in the hitdate for a 4 minutes shift in the birth time! Or 1 year for 1 minute! From what was practiced in the regiomontanian system, however, it is true that in this system only the directions to the Asc and MC are fitted for rectification purposes. These directions have a time sensitivity of 1 year change in the hitdate per 4 minutes shift in the birth time. The only mundo directions that were ever practiced in the Regiomontanus system were the mundo conjunctions and oppositions, but having low time sensitivity, they turn out to be useless for rectification. Other mundo directions like mundo parallels, rapt parallels et cetera, are theoretically possible in the Regio system. This was shown for the first time by Jerry Makransky in his book ' Primary Directions ' published in However, these directions were never practiced. Well, they probably deserve some testing at least! 4

5 M WILLIAM LILLY M The events where the body (health) is concerned, should correspond with primary directions to the Asc. The events where the social position of the native is concerned, should correspond with primary directions to MC. Next, Lilly proceeds to the explanation how to calculate quickly the primary directions. He constructs a table with the ecliptical positions of what he deems the most important points. These points are such that when they come by primary direction on the horizon (ascendant) or the meridian (midheaven), a corresponding event is expected to happen. What are these points? According to Lilly, they are the big aspects of the planets, the Ptolemaic terms 1, the housecusps (regiomontanian) and the antiscia and contra-antiscia of the planets. This table, however, can be useful only for directing the points with latitude zero and Lilly directs also points with a latitude, like the bodies of the planets or their places of opposition, antiscia and contra-antiscia with a latitude. It becomes more interesting on page 514, when Lilly practically rectifies or rather confirms that the given birth time is correct. Obviously his client, a certain merchant, is so young, that Lilly with great pains collects only 4 events: TABLE 2 1. Came to a Master of quality aged 16 years 07 months 2. A journey beyond sea of great concernment aged 20 years 04 months 3. Sick of a burning Feaver aged 20 years 10 months 4. Another Feaver and much Melancholly aged 24 years 11 months Since the first event concerns the social status of the native, Lilly logically looks for a primary direction to MC 2. And since the event is a good one, he searches for the time when a 'good' zodiacal point has hit the midheaven. This time should be around the time of the event, maybe with a +-5 years deviation allowed, which will transcribe to a minutes uncertainty in the birth time 3. To check out the directions that could possibly fit in the nature of the first event, Lilly constructs a small table with directions of 7 points to MC. 1- There are 3 systems of terms: Egyptian, Ptolemaic and Chaldean. The majority of the ancient, medieval and renaissance astrologers used the Egyptian system of terms. Lilly used the Ptolemaic one. However, he was in an error, pushing the beginnings of the terms with 1 degree forward. 2- The date when a certain point will hit MC is calculated thus: the distance in right ascension is measured between MC and the point of question. This distance is converted in time of life with the formula 1 degree = 1 year which is the key of Ptolemy or 1 degree = 1 year 5 days 8 hours which is the key of Naibod, a key preferred by Lilly. 3- Or 5 years * 4 minutes = 20 minutes. 5

6 Four of them are terms of planets, one is the zodiacal contra-antiscion of Mars, another one is the 11th housecusp and the last one is a zod. ^G. The zod. ^G hits MC in 16 years and 7 months of age (Ptolemy key). Lilly underlines here the fact that G is the Lord of the 10th house and its ^ happens to be in the terms of H(ptolemaic). A recalculation with the computer for the reconstructed chart shows this direction to hit in age 16 years and 5 months. TABLE 3 Directions to MC 14z 39x I, RAMC= 222z 10x obliquity = William Lilly's Computer recalculation page 515 of for the reconstructed 'Christian Astrology' horoscope Promissor Position RA Arc Position RA Arc terms of F 15z 00x I 222z 31x 00z 21x 14z 00x I 221z 32x 00z 38xc 1 terms of D 22z 00x I 229z 35x 07z 45x 21z 00x I 228z 33x 06z 23x (07z 25x) 2 terms of J 26z 00x I 235z 44x 13z 34x 27z 00x I 234z 42x 12z 32x (11z 30x) 2 zod. CA 3 of G 29z 06x I 236z 53x 14z 43x 29z 16x I 237z 03x 14z 53x 11 housecusp 30z 00x I 237z 48x 15z 38x 00z 12x O 238z 01x 15z 51x terms of H 00z 00x O 237z 48x 15z 38x 00z 00x O 237z 49x 15z 39x zod. ^G 00z 54x O 238z 45x 16z 35x 00z 44x O 238z 34x 16z 24x Lilly makes a mistake in determining the beginnings of the Ptolemaic terms. He pushes each term (except the first terms of the signs) with one degree forward. See chapter 99 or page 510 of the Regulus edition. However, he is not consistent. Sometimes he uses the correct Ptolemaic terms as in the table of the directions with Pars Fortunae on page 777. In other places he alternates between the correct Ptolemaic terms and those pushed forward. In other places there are gross errors- most probably typographical ones. Superscript explanations to the table above: 1- This direction calculated with the correct beginning of the term, turns out to be converse. Lilly computed only direct directions. 2- The arcs of the directions of the terms of D and J are typo errors. In brackets are given their correct arcs according to the data from the context. Look at page 515, for example, where Lilly correctly calculates the direction with the terms of D coming to 07z 25x,although in the table just above it, stands 07z 45xas its directional arc. 3- CA is the abbreviation for contra-antiscion. 6

7 M WILLIAM LILLY M The last direction in the list, the direction of the zodiacal ^G to the MC, is the direction which Lilly associates with the first event- the rise of the native to the title 'Master of Quality'. And since the hitdate with the key of Ptolemy is the same as the time of the event, 16 years and 7 months, Lilly has all reasons to keep in the back of his mind that the birth time given is most probably correct. At this point I would like to mention that Lilly, like all astrologers who lived in his times or earlier, directed only direct 1. Doing so, I believe, they all were in a big error. Directions of planets mundo to the angles are very efficient, no matter whether they are direct or converse. Let's check it out ourselves. If we use the converse directions of planets to the angles (Asc., MC, IC, Desc.) on the example chart of Lilly, we can see two directions that perfectly match the first event from his list- the zodiacal and the mundo direction of H, the symbol for social status, converse to the ascendant. The first one means how many minutes before the birth, the ecliptical projection of H has been exactly on the horizon. The second one means the same, but for the body of H. Here 4 minutes = 1 degree distance = 1 year according to the key of Ptolemy. Calculated with the computer, the zodiacal direction of H converse to the ascendant hits when the native has been 16 years and 3.5 months old. The mundo one- when he has been 16 years and 5.5 months old ( with the key of Ptolemy ). To confirm that the birth time is correct, however, means not one direction only corresponding well with one event. Several directions should match important events. And important events should tie up with directions of low frequency only. The orb, in such case, can be around 1-3 months. To go back to Lilly, he does not fail to notice (page 517) that the zod. #A hits MC in the 23rd year of life (computer recalculation- 22 years 8 months) and the zod. #F- in the beginning of the 24th (computer recalculation- 24 years 6 days). When asked by Lilly, the merchant confirms that at this time he was 'with great esteem and successe'. 1- In modern terminology, 'to direct direct' means to turn the celestial sphere in her natural direction of apparent rotation (east to west) and see the time when a certain point named Promissor will come to another point ( or curve or circle) which stays fixed on the sphere (the Significator). To direct converse, we do the same thing, but rotate the celestial sphere in the opposite direction (west to east). It must be kept in mind that the terminology of the primary directions up to the end of the 19th century was different and quite confusing. Although the notions of 'direct' and 'converse' directions existed, they meant then something very different from what they mean in the modern terminology. 7

8 Having found 3 directions corresponding well with events and periods, increases the confidence of Lilly in the initially given birth time. Now, to seal his ripening conclusions with the stamp of certainty, Lilly looks for directions to associate with the sicknesses of the native. Since the ascendant is the significator of the health, Lilly addresses himself to the directions to the ascendant (page 517). Lilly does not explain the mathematical algorithm of the computation 1, but gives a ready table. The zodiacal +G (latitude = 0) comes to the eastern horizon (asc.) in 19 years 10 months and 10 days (computer recalculation- 19 years 8 months 18 days). This direction is the same as the ecliptical projection of G direct to the western horizon(desc.). Although with one year deviation, Lilly takes this direction to correspond with the 'Feaver' the native has had when 20 year and 10 months old. We should not forget, that for rectification, Lilly used the primary directions which are the fastest to compute, namely directions that can be computed with a table of houses or a set of special tables. In these times, many astrologers like Maginus, Argolus, Regiomontanus and others designed tables for speedy calculations. The most simple one which Lilly used in his preliminary rectification, is a table of all 360 degrees of the ecliptic and their corresponding oblique ascensions (OA) in different geographical latitudes. We find the OA of the point of interest and we subtract from it the OA of the ascendant. The result is the arc of the direction. The oblique ascension of the ascendant is simply RAMC + 90z. TABLE 4 Directions to the ASC William Lilly's Computer recalculation page 517 of for the reconstructed 'Christian Astrology' horoscope OAasc= 312z 10x ASC = 6z 37x P OAasc= 312z 10x ASC = 6z 41x P Promissor Position OA Arc Position Arc Antiscion of H 08z 05x P 313z 34x 01z 24x 08z 09x P 01z 26x ^J 09z 02x P 314z 29x 02z 19x 09z 00x P 02z 16x terms of H 13z 00x P 318z 10x 06z 00x 12z 00x P 05z 03x terms of G 20z 00x P 324z 05x 11z 55x 19z 00x P 11z 05x terms of J 26z 00x P 328z 38x 16z 28x 25z 00x P 15z 43x CA of S 28z 16x P 330z 14x 18z 04x 28z 23x P 18z 08x terms of J 00z 00x { 331z 26x 19z 16x 00z 00x {19z 14x +G 00z 54x { 332z 02x 19z 52x 00z 44x {19z 43x 1- Look at the explanations beneath figure 3. 8

9 M WILLIAM LILLY M All these directions are only the zodiacal. In his practice, Lilly of course also directed planets mundo (the bodies of the planets) to the ascendant and MC. We may assume, he supposed that the mundo direction of G to the descendant (in his terminology- the opposition of G to the ascendant cum latitudine) most probably would hit around the same time when the sickness of the native occurred. And indeed, on page 765 he gives the arc of this direction as 20 degrees 46 minutes which means 20 years 9 months and 6 days of age (computer recalculation- 21 years 9 months 24 days). Another important point here is the fact that the majority of the astrologers of this era and those who have lived earlier, ventured into prediction usually talking of future events taking place during a certain year of the life of the native and almost never specifying the season or the month. I guess, the reason of their caution was simply their experience, which showed them that the events generally deviated from the corresponding directions often with 1 or even more years. The real reason for this were, apart from the orbs of influence of the directions, the inexact positions of the planets they were working with and some astrologers of this time, as Placidus for example, have been aware of this. Working with the most powerful Placidian mundo directions, I have observed in my practice the average deviation between the hitdates of the directions and the events to be around 1-3 months. This concerns powerful directions and correspondingly big events. Such events occur no more than times in life. Of course, there were many instances of hits within days only. Some kinds of directions prove to be more exact, others less so. Talking about the direction of G to the descendant, William Lilly does not omit to write about the whole events-climate at that time- the native was not only sick with feaver, but also 'was robbed of some things, and in danger of losing more, and was also in danger of fire...' All of these events like a gang of naughty kids talk only of one thing- that their common father is nobody but a powerful direction of G! Here we notice that Lilly, like most other old masters of primary directions, knew that a strong primary direction triggers not only an isolated event, but also a period in which many events, small or big, may happen; all of them falling under the symbolism of the direction. I name this the 'multievent effect' of a direction. When we water a garden with a hose, there is a main current hitting the ground- like the kernel of a direction, materializing in the 'big event', but there are also many bigger and smaller sprinkles of water around- the multitude of smaller events spread out in time around the main 9

10 event. If, when rectifying a chart, we are not sure whether a particular direction is associated with a certain event, it pays off to ask for more events, no matter how small, which happened around the same time. Their symbolic integral will show us beyond doubt the common father of them all, just like in the case discussed by Lilly. Zenith = Birthplace OA of +G N. Pole Horizon OA of Asc. IC 14z39xW MC 14z39xI ASC 06z37xP DA +G 0z54x{ Ecliptic Equator S. Pole FIGURE 3 On the figure above is shown the example chart of Lilly drawn in 3 dimensions, observed from point East. The observer is in the planes of the equator and the horizon. Because of the apparent rotation of the celestial sphere, the point +G which is in 0z54x{ (acc. to Lilly) will eventually reach the horizon. The arc of the direction Zod. +Gdirect = Z = OA +G - OA Z. OA Z = RAMC + 90z. OA +G = RA +G - AD +G. AD +G = arcsin [ tan ( δ +G ) * tan ( Φ ) ]. Here, δ is declination and Φ is the geographical latitude of the birthplace. The AD (ascensional difference) shows with how many degrees the day semi-arc of the point is greater or lesser than 90z. OA is for Oblique Ascension that shows the position of a certain point in relation to the horizon. 10

11 M WILLIAM LILLY M Equator Horizon Horizon Diurnal Path of +G(0z54x{ ) +G(0z54x{ ) Ecliptic Houses Houses Horizon ASC 6z37xP 2nd Regiomontanian howse-circles Meridian 3rd Equator Diurnal Path of +G (0z54x{ ) South Pole FIGURE 4 Diurnal Path of +G(0z54x{ ) +G(0z54x{ ) Ecliptic Directional Arc Horizon ASC 6z37xP FIGURE 5 A 3-Dimensional representation of the example horoscope of Lilly and the direction Zod. +Gd.= ASC. We can clearly see the Diurnal Path of the point +G (0z54x{ ). This is the circle around the Poles-axis along which the point moves due to the 24-hours apparent rotation of the celestial sphere. Wherever the diurnal path of the point crosses the horizon is where the point will rise. The arc measured in time (equatorial degrees) between the point and its point of rise (along its diurnal path) is the arc of the direction of the point to the ascendant ( the eastern horizon). The print-out is from the Program 'Placidus', version 2.0. The explanatory labels and arrows are superimposed. 11

12 Now, we can make a table with the directions and the events used by Lilly for the rectification. The key of transformation will be the key of Naibod, which Lilly employed in his practice. GREGORIAN GREGORIAN DATE ASSOCIATED HITDATE EVENT and AGE of event DIRECTION (Naibod) 1. Came to a Master Lilly Computer of quality 16 y. 07 m. Apr Zod. ^G= MC Jul May A journey beyond sea of great concernment 20 y. 04 m. Jan 1637 none 3. Sick of a burning Feaver 20 y. 10 m. Jul 1637 Zod. +G= Asc Nov Oct Esteem and Success y Sep Sep 1639 Zod. #A= MC Aug Oct Zod. #F= MC Nov Feb Another Feaver and much Melancholly 24 y. 11 m. Aug 1641 none If we take in account that any 4 minutes shift in the birth time would push the hitdates of these directions with 1 year backward or forward, it is clear that the birth time must be correct at least within +- 2 minutes exactness. This, however, will be true only in case we believe in the high efficiency of the directions used by Lilly 1. I think that the zod. directions to the Asc. and MC have low to moderate efficiency and that there are more efficient directions: RE-RECTIFICATION OF LILLY'S EXAMPLE CHART WITH PLACIDIAN MUNDO DIRECTIONS Attempting to rectify the chart with the mundo Placidian directions can be an interesting and rewarding experience. We will compute with the key of Naibod. Obviously, the direction Mundo Hconv.= Asc should correspond with the obtaining of the master of quality 'degree'. The hitdate is June 16, In case we want it to hit exactly in the time of the event (April ), 1- In contrast, Placidus on page 211 (example 14) of his 'Primum Mobile' (Cooper's translation) declares the directions of zodiacal aspects to the ascendant and the midheaven 'altogether as nothing'! Nowhere in this book of Placidus is there any evidence that he calculated and used zodiacal points to the angles! Placidus preferred to work with the mundo directions which he amply computed in all his examples. 12

13 M WILLIAM LILLY M we should push the birth time back since the direction is converse. Working only with this direction, we will come to a rectified birth time of 2:13:34 PM or with 29 seconds earlier than the initial time. To check out the other events, I calculated only the four strongest types of directions in the Placidian system: mundo and zodiacal of planets to angles, mundo of planets to house curves and mundo parallels and rapt parallels with the S and the A. In each year of the life of the native, there are, on the average, only 2 directions of these kinds 1. WITH RECTIFIED BIRTH TIME: 02:13:34 PM PLACIDIAN MUNDO DIRECTIONS Gregorian Gregorian EVENT and AGE DATE DIRECTION HITDATE (Naibod) 1. Came to a Master of quality 16 y. 07 m. Apr Mundo Hconv.= ASC May A journey beyond sea of great concernment 20 y. 04 m. Jan 1637 Mundo Jdir.= #ASC Jan ( Mundo Jdir.= 3rd House Curve ) 3. Sick of a burning Feaver 20 y. 10 m. Jul 1637 Zod. +G= Asc Nov Esteem and Success y Sep Sep 1639 Mundo Ddir.= #MC Jul ( Mundo Ddir.= 8th House Curve ) 4. Another Feaver and much Melancholly and Scurvy 24 y. 11 m. Aug 1641 Mundo KAdir.= n (Desc) Sep n (Desc) = rapt parallel around the western horizon 1- The number of directions that Lilly used for the rectification is roughly the same as the number of the placidian mundo directions that I used. The frequency of a certain kind of direction is an important parameter in its evaluation as in respect to its possible strength i.e. its suitability to correlate with big events. The lower the frequency of a kind of direction (i.e. it happens more seldom) the bigger the possibility that it could correspond with big events. A common mistake of many astrologers is to take techniques with very high frequency as transits, for example, and try to correlate them with big events. On the other hand, it is true, that not any technique with low frequency corresponds to big events! Big events, however, necessarily should correspond to a technique with a low frequency. 13

14 Done with the rectification, Lilly proceeds with explanations how to erect a chart in the Regiomontanian house systems and other topics. On page 651 he starts the section 'The Effects of Directions' which is the last section of the book. Lilly writes about the authorities in the field he drew from- Regiomontanus, Maginus, Leovitius, Manginus, Zobulus and Argolus. Lilly explicitly states, 'At this day we use no method in Directions but Argolus...' From this alone, we can safely conclude that most probably he directed regiomontanian as far as the fact that all these authors directed as per Regiomontan though at least one of them, Maginus, knew how to direct also as per Ptolemy 1. Unlike Morin or Naibod, Lilly is honest and a real scholar enough to admit that his method of directing (Argol) is different from what Ptolemy left i.e. directing by 'Diurnall and Nocturnall Horary times' 2. On pages , Lilly gives rules for interpreting a direction: 1. We should consider whether the direction is 'good or evil'. Good aspects mean good directions and evil aspects- evil directions. 2. The significator or the point that stays still 3 signifies what area of life will be affected or the persons who will be affected. How? The significator does this first by his symbolic meaning (Lilly uses the phrase 'of himself'). If, for example, the significator is the S, then what will be affected is the family life, the journeys, the wife, the older sister or the mother of the native. On the second place Lilly puts what the significator means 'by Accident' i.e. the house it is in or the house it rules. If in the 8th, it may mean inheritance or somebody lately deceased et cetera. 1- In his book 'Tabulae Primi Mobilis' published in Venice in 1604, Ioannes Antonius Maginus explains in canons the Ptolemaic method of directing. It is the same as that which was later developed by Placidus and became known as the semi-arc method. Maginus also explains and exemplifies the Ptolemaic house system (page 25) which now is known as the Placidian house system. Placidus was born in 'Diurnal (Nocturnal) Horary Times' is a term from 'Tetrabiblos' chapters 14 and 15 (Modes of Prorogation) where Ptolemy de facto describes what is today known as Placidian primary directions (semi-arc method). The 'Diurnal ( Nocturnal ) Horary Times' as a term was replaced somewhere in the 19th century by the term 'day ( night ) semi-arc'. Both have the same meaning. 3- Most of the old authors from the 15-17th centuries accepted as significators only 5 points: the ASC, MC, the A, the S and < [ Pars Fortunae]. William Lilly, however, employed as significators all planets. 14

15 M WILLIAM LILLY M The point that is being moved or the promissor 1 signifies, symbolically and through a house position or rulership, the cause of the event: things and persons. If it is F, the cause of the event may be a young and charming woman. If G- a young and energy driven man. In this respect, Lilly seems to subscribe more to the Cardanian teaching, that the planetary symbolism has to have priority in the interpretation rather than the Morin's accidental determinations. An example to illustrate the difference: According to Morin, for instance, a direction of H or its aspects to the ascendant may mean decease or even death, if H happens to be in the 12th, 8th or 6th house or has rulership over them. In contrast to this, Cardan teaches that this is but impossible, because of the essential nature of H as a benefic. It seems as if Lilly sides more with Cardan. On page 654 starts chapter 157 where Lilly discusses the duration and the strength of the directions. He writes, ' when both of them (significator and promissor) are in their Essentiall Dignities (in signs of rulership, exaltation...) and in angles, the effects of their direction shall be evident and manifest...'. In chapters Lilly interprets zodiacal aspects, terms, house cusps and fixed stars directed to all 5 classical significators. In chapter 166, Lilly discusses three different keys for transforming the directional arc into time of life. The Ptolemy key equates 1 degree to 1 year. The key of Naibod equates 1 degree to 1 year 5 days and 8 hours. The key of Tycho Brahe measures the travel of the A in RA for the birthday and equates this to 1 year. William Lilly, turns out, used Naibod as the most exact key and Ptolemy for initial orientation. From here on, up to page 741 (chapter 175), Lilly writes about the profections, the solar return chart and the transits. From chapter 175 to chapter 185 Lilly gives a short interpretation of the example chart. Then on page 765 he gives tables with primary directions to the five hylegiacal places- the Ascendant, the MC, the A, the S and <. 1- The notation of the other old authors, which they inherited, by the way, from Ptolemy, is misleading and confusing. They directed only direct or with the rotation of the celestial sphere. The significator of a direction was called not the point that stayed still, but only one of the five classical significators: the ASC, MC, the A, the S or <, no matter whether it was fixed or moved. Happily, W.Lilly has simpler and easier to understand notation. 15

16 DIRECTIONS TO THE ASCENDANT Pages of the tables are a table with the directions to the ascendant. Altogether they are 104. The meaning of these directions is to compute the time after birth when a certain point, the Promissor, due to the apparent rotation of the celestial sphere, will rise i.e. will hit the eastern horizon. This time can be measured in hours and minutes as well as degrees and arcminutes. The simple conversion formula is 24 hours = 360 degrees. The timearc is accepted in Astrology to be measured in degrees. The algorithm is, first to calculate the AD (Ascensional Difference) of the promissor from its declination and the geographical latitude of the birth, then its OA (Oblique Ascension) and then to find out the directional arc by subtracting the OA of the Promissor from the OA of the Ascendant. The logic and the algorithm 1 were already given in the explanations under Figure 2. Now we will proceed with a full analysis. First, what are the points which Lilly directs to the eastern horizon (the ascendant)?? They are: Modern terminology Terminology of Lilly # of such directions 1. planets MUNDO to... Ad corpus... cum latitudine 1 ( of J ) (or The bodies of the planets to... ) 2. planets Zodiacal to... Ad corpus... 1 ( of J ) + 1 of / (The zodiacal projections of the planets to...) 3. The zodiacal oppositions Ad +...cum latitudine 3 ( of G, D and F ) of the planets with latitude to... Directions #3 are the same as the directions of the bodies of the planets to the western horizon (descendant) i.e. planets MUNDO to the descendant. Here, Lilly takes the zodiacal opposition of a planet by longitude and assigns to it the latitude of the planet with the reverse sign. 4. The zodiacal oppositions Ad ( of G, D, A and F ) of the planets ( latitude = 0 ) 5. The major aspects of Ad ^ the planets ( #, % and ^ ) 6. The minor aspects of Ad! the planets $, &, *, _, 36z and 108z ) In Lilly's notation: 72z ($) is a heart, 36z is a heart with a line at the bottom, 108z is a heart with a triangle at the bottom, 150z (_) is designated with $, 144z (* ) is two hearts, 45z (@ ) is a square with a 'T' over it, 135z (&) is a square with a 'C' over it. 1- The directions of points to the ascendant and MC are explained in detail in my book ' Primary Directions ', volume 1. 16

17 M WILLIAM LILLY M Modern terminology Terminology of Lilly # of such directions 7. The Ptolemaic terms Ad ter The zodiacal antiscia Ad Ant. (CA)... 6 and contra-antiscia of the planets 9. The antiscia and Ad Ant. (CA)... cum latitudine5 contra-anrtiscia of the planets with latitude 10. The zodiacal projections of stars Lucid. Lyrae aust. (Vega) The housecusps (regiomontanian) Ad Domum... 3 (of 2,3 & 4) ANTISCIA & CONTRA-ANTISCIA ACC. TO LILLY 1 What did Lilly understand by the terms ' antiscia and contra-antiscia ' and ' antiscia and contra-antiscia cum latitudine'? The antiscion (Ant.) of a point is its mirror image around 00 R when the point is in the northern signs (or around 00 P if it is in the southern signs). The latitude of the antiscion is the same as that of the original point. The contra-antiscion (CA) is the mirror image around 00 U and has the same latitude, but with the opposite sign. So, 'antiscion and contra-antiscion' of a planet apply to the ecliptical projection of the planet, while 'antiscion and contra-antiscion cum latitudine' apply to the body of the planet i.e. here also the latitude is observed. S Moon 1z44xE, b=5z00xn Zod. projection of the Moon 1z44xE, b=0z Antiscion of S cum latitudine 28z16xR, b=5z00xn Antiscion of S 28z16xR, b=0z FIGURE 6 Contra-Antiscion of S 28z16xP, b=0z Contra-Antiscion of S cum latitudine 28z16xP, b= 5z00xS Q W E R T Y U I O P { } In directions, the effects of the antiscia of a planet were considered as if they were the planet itself. The contra-antiscia were treated as if they were + of the planet. I was able to recalculate with the computer all 104 directions to the ascendant present in the table of Lilly. They were recomputed on the reconstructed chart. Now we will proceed by presenting a table with all 104 directions calculated by Lilly, showing the points, their coordinates and the directional arcs- according to Lilly and according to the computer recalculation on the reconstructed chart. 1- Argolus, whom Lilly claims to follow, computed the coordinates of the antiscia and the contra-antiscia in the same way as explained here. However, he directed only ant. and contra-ant. with latitude. 'Pandosion Sphaericum', Andreae Argoli, Patavii,

18 Table with the Directions to the ASC William Lilly's Computer recalculation pages of on the reconstructed 'Christian Astrology' horoscope OAasc= 312z 10x ASC = 6z 37x P OAasc= 312z 10x ASC = 6z 41x P Arc of Arc of # Promissor Position Direction Position Direction 1 * %F S. 06z 54x P 0z 00xN 00z 14x 07z 58x P 0z 00xN 01z 15x 2 Ant.H 08z 05x P 0z 00xN 01z 24x 08z 09x P 0z 00xN 01z 26x 3 ^J D. 09z 02x P 0z 00xN 02z 19x 09z 00x P 0z 00xN 02z 16x 4 * Ant.Hcum lat08z 05x P 0z 37xS 02z 39x 08z 09x P 0z 05xN 01z 16x 5 * Zod. Lucid. Lirae 10z 00x P 0z 00xN 03z 14x 09z 58x P 0z 00xN 03z 10x 6 ter.h 13z 00x P 0z 00xN 06z 00x 12z 00x P 0z 00xN 05z 03x 7 &S D. 16z 44x P 0z 00xN 09z 14x 16z 37x P 0z 00xN 09z 06x 8 ter.g 20z 00x P 0z 00xN 11z 55x 19z 00x P 0z 00xN 11z 05x 9 * 108zJ D. 21z 02x P 0z 00xN 12z 44x 21z 00x P 0z 00xN 12z 41x zD S. 21z 34x P 0z 00xN 13z 08x 23z 06x P 0z 00xN 14z 18x 11!H S. 21z 55x P 0z 00xN 13z 24x 21z 51x P 0z 00xN 13z 20x zA S. 24z 37x P 0z 00xN 15z 26x 24z 43x P 0z 00xN 15z 30x zF S. 24z 54x P 0z 00xN 15z 39x 25z 58x P 0z 00xN 16z 25x 14 ter.j 26z 00x P 0z 00xN 16z 28x 25z 00x P 0z 00xN 15z 43x 1- S. and D. are abbreviations from the Latin 'Sinister' and 'Dexter', accordingly- Left (east of the planet) and Right (west of the planet) aspects. East of the planet means also that the aspect is measured in the direction of succession of the zodiacal signs. This notation comes from the fact that when we observe the sky facing South, the East will be on our Left. And if you want to see the ecliptic without breaking your neck, you better watch the sky facing South ( in the northern geo. latitudes ). 4- Lilly did not give the coordinates of some points in his tables with directions. In such cases I give in italic the coordinates which, most probably, Lilly used. The comparatively large difference between the arc of Lilly and the recalculated one, comes from the inexact latitude of Jupiter Lilly worked with. I recalculated the direction with the data of Lilly ( 08z 05x P 0z 37xS ) and came to a directional arc of 02z 36x 14c. 5- This is the star VEGA. Lilly directed the zodiacal projections of the stars and not the stars proper (which would be mundo directions). Why did he do this? Most probably because it was much easier. Anyway, a mundo direction of Vega to the ascendant is but impossible since in this case Vega happens to be circumpolar (always above the horizon). 9- A sesquiquintile ( quintile and a half ) of Saturn. 18

19 M WILLIAM LILLY M Table with the Directions to the ASC William Lilly's Computer recalculation Arc of Arc of # Promissor Position Direction Position Direction 15 36zHS. 27z 55x P 0z 00xN 17z 49x 27z 51x P 0z 00xN 17z 45x 16 CA S 28z 16x P 0z 00xN 18z 04x 28z 23x P 0z 00xN 18z 08x 17 ter.j 00z 00x {0z 00xN 19z 16x 00z 00x {0z 00xN 19z 14x 18 * +G 00z 54x {0z 00xN 19z 02x 00z 44x {0z 00xN 19z 43x 19 ^S D. 01z 44x {0z 00xN 20z 24x 01z 37x {0z 00xN 20z 18x 20 * +G cum lat.00z 54x {0z 28xS 20z 46x 00z 44x {1z 05xS 21z 49x 21 ^D S. 03z 34x {0z 00xS 21z 36x 05z 06x {0z 00xN 22z 32x 22 ^A S. 06z 37x{0z 00xN 23z 29x 06z 43x {0z 00xN 23z 31x 23 ^F S. 06z 54x {0z 00xN 23z 39x 07z 58x {0z 00xN 24z 16x S. 06z 55x{0z 00xN 23z 40x 06z 51x {0z 00xN 23z 36x 25 ter.d 07z 00x {0z 00xN 23z 43x 06z 00x {0z 00xN 23z 05x 26 %J D. 09z 02x {0z 00xN 24z 55x 09z 00x {0z 00xN 24z 53x 27 * CAJ cum lat.20z 58x {2z 58xN 26z 09x 21z 00x {2z 40xN 26z 44x 28 ter.f 13z 00x{0z 00xN 27z 10x 12z 00x {0z 00xN 26z 36x zS D. 13z 44x {0z 00xN 27z 34x 13z 37x {0z 00xN 27z 30x 30 * CAS cum lat.28z 16xP 5z 00xS 28z 31x 28z 23xP 5z 11xS 28z 59x 31 &D S. 18z 34x{0z 00xN 30z 08x 20z 06x {0z 00xN 30z 53x 32 CAJ 20z 58x {0z 00xN 31z 19x 21z 00x {0z 00xN 31z 20x 33 ter.h 21z 00x {0z 00xN 31z 21x 20z 00x {0z 00xN 30z 50x 34 &A S. 21z 37x {0z 00xN 31z 39x 21z 43x {0z 00xN 31z 41x 35 &F S. 21z 54x {0z 00xN 31z 48x 22z 58x {0z 00xN 32z 18x 18- The directional arc here is again a typo error. The true arc should be 19z 52x. Lilly gives the OA of the point as 332z 02x. Since the OA of the ascendant is 312z 10, theirdifference has to be 19z 52x. Within the data of Lilly, the recalculation of the directional arc comes to 19z 49x 52c. 20-Within the data of Lilly, the recalculated directional arc is 20z 43x 35c. 27- The directions of points with latitude, in the tables of Lilly, do not have a longitude nor a latitude given, but only their OA. I assign to these points the coordinates which I suppose, most probably, Lilly used. For example, a recalculation using the supposed data Lilly used, shows for this direction an arc of 26z 12x 35c. This result is very close to the arc of Lilly and ergo, confirms our theory about how Lilly computed the positions of the antiscia and contra-antiscia with latitude. 30- With the data of Lilly the recalculation of the directional arc results in 28z 28x 27c. 19

20 Table with the Directions to the ASC William Lilly's Computer recalculation Arc of Arc of # Promissor Position Direction Position Direction 36 #H S. 21z 55x {0z 00xN 31z 49x 21z 51x {0z 00xN 31z 46x 37 Domum 2 23z 30x{0z 00xN 32z 35x 23z 35x {0z 00xN 32z 36x 38 ter.g 26z 00x {0z 00xN 33z 46x 25z 00x {0z 00xN 33z 16x 39 $J D. 27z 02x {0z 00xN 34z 15x 27z 00x {0z 00xN 34z 13x 40 *D S. 27z 34x {0z 00xN 34z 30x 29z 06x {0z 00xN 35z 11x 41 ter.f 00z 00x } 0z 00xN 35z 36x 00z 00x } 0z 00xN 35z 35x 42 *A S. 00z 37x } 0z 00xN 35z 52x 00z 43x } 0z 00xN 35z 54x 43 *F S. 00z 54x } 0z 00xN 36z 00x 01z 58x } 0z 00xN 36z 27x 44 _G D. 00z 54x} 0z 00xN 36z 00x 00z 44x } 0z 00xN 35z 55x 45 %S D. 01z 44x } 0z 00xN 36z 23x 01z 37x } 0z 00xN 36z 18x 46 _D S. 03z 34x } 0z 00xN 37z 16x 05z 06x } 0z 00xN 37z 49x 47 $H S. 03z 55x } 0z 00xN 37z 20x 03z 51x } 0z 00xN 37z 17x 48 / 05z 50x} 0z 00xN 37z 52x 07z 36x } 0z 00xN 38z 53x 49 _A S. 06z 37x } 0z 00xN 38z 30x 06z 43x } 0z 00xN 38z 31x 50 _F S. 06z 54x} 0z 00xN 38z 37x 07z 58x } 0z 00xN 39z 02x 51 *G D. 06z 54x} 0z 00xN 38z 37x 06z 44x } 0z 00xN 38z 31x 52 ter.h 09z 00x } 0z 00xN 39z 30x 08z 00x } 0z 00xN 39z 03x 53 #J D. 09z 02x } 0z 00xN 39z 31x 09z 00x } 0z 00xN 39z 28x 54 ter.d 15z 00x } 0z 00xN 41z 57x 14z 00x } 0z 00xN 41z 32x 55 & G 15z 54x } 0z 00xN 42z 19x 15z 44x } 0z 00xN 42z 14x 56 $S D. 18z 44x } 0z 00xN 43z 26x 18z 37x } 0z 00xN 43z 46x 57 * Ant F cum lat. 23z 06x } 1z 00xN 43z 32x 22z 02x } 1z 16xN 42z 40x 58 ter.g 21z 00x } 0z 00xN 44z 20x 20z 00x } 0z 00xN 43z 55x 59 %H S. 21z 55x } 0z 00xN 44z 42x 21z 51x } 0z 00xN 44z 39x 60 Ant F 23z 06x } 0z 00xN 45z 09x 22z 02x } 0z 00xN 44z 43x 61 Ant.A 23z 23x } 0z 00xN 45z 16x 23z 17x } 0z 00xN 45z 13x D. 24z 02x } 0z 00xN 45z 32x 24z 00x } 0z 00xN 45z 29x 63 Ant D 26z 26x } 0z 00xN 46z 28x 24z 54x } 0z 00xN 45z 50x 57- The antiscion of F with a latitude, acc. to the data Lilly used, should be in 23z 06x } 1z 00xS. However, if we direct this point we'll come to an arc of 46z 45x 47c. If we try with the point 23z 06x } 1z 00xN., the directional arc will be 43z 31x 19c. Obviously, Lilly made a mistake assigning to the point the latitude of F with the opposite sign ( 1z 00xN. ). Having done so, he came closer to the correct arc! 20

21 M WILLIAM LILLY M Table with the Directions to the ASC William Lilly's Computer recalculation Arc of Arc of # Promissor Position Direction Position Direction 64 ter.j 27z 00x } 0z 00xN 46z 41x 26z 00x } 0z 00xN 46z 16x 65 ter.h 00z 00x } 0z 00xN 47z 50x 00z 00x } 0z 00xN 47z 50x 66 ^G D. 00z 54x Q 0z 00xN 48z 10x 00z 44x Q 0z 00xN 48z 07x 67 * +F cum lat. 06z 54x Q 1z 00xN 48z 27x 07z 58x Q 1z 16xS 52z 59x 68 #S D. 01z 44x Q 0z 00xN 48z 30x 01z 37x Q 0z 00xN 48z 27x 69 * Ant D cum lat.26z 26x } 1z 32xS 48z 55x 24z 54x } 1z 21xN 43z 40x 70 36zJ D. 03z 02x Q 0z 00xN 49z 00x 03z 00x Q 0z 00xN 49z 00x 71 +D 03z 34x Q 0z 00xN 49z 12x 05z 06x Q 0z 00xN 49z 49x 72 +A 06z 37x Q 0z 00xN 50z 24x 06z 43x Q 0z 00xN 50z 26x 73 +F 06z 54x Q 0z 00xN 50z 30x 07z 58x Q 0z 00xN 50z 56x 74 ter.f 07z 00x Q 0z 00xN 50z 33x 06z 00x Q 0z 00xN 50z 10x 75!J D. 09z 02x Q 0z 00xN 51z 21x 09z 00x Q 0z 00xN 51z 21x zH S. 09z 55x Q 0z 00xN 51z 42x 09z 51x Q 0z 00xN 51z 40x 77 * +F cum lat. 06z 54x Q 1z 00xS 52z 07x 07z 58x Q 1z 16xS 52z 59x zG D. 12z 54x Q 0z 00xN 52z 52x 12z 44x Q 0z 00xN 52z 49x 79 ter.d 15z 00x Q 0z 00xN 53z 43x 14z 00x Q 0z 00xN 53z 19x D. 16z 44x Q 0z 00xN 54z 25x 16z 37x Q 0z 00xN 54z 22x 81 Domum 3 18z 34x Q 0z 00xN 55z 09x 18z 27x Q 0z 00xN 55z 08x 82 ^H S. 21z 55x Q 0z 00xN 56z 33x 21z 51x Q 0z 00xN 56z 33x 83 ter.g 22z 00x Q 0z 00xN 56z 35x 21z 00x Q 0z 00xN 56z 11x 84 36zS D. 25z 44x Q 0z 00xN 58z 11x 25z 37x Q 0z 00xN 58z 08x 85 ter.j 27z 00x Q 0z 00xN 58z 35x 26z 00x Q 0z 00xN 58z 19x 86 ter.f 00z 00x W 0z 00xN 60z 04x 00z 00x W 0z 00xN 60z 04x 87 %G D. 00z 54x W 0z 00xN 60z 28x 00z 44x W 0z 00xN 60z 25x 88!S D. 01z 44x W 0z 00xN 60z 51x 01z 37x W 0z 00xN 60z 48x 67- Recalculating with what should be logically the Lilly's data, namely 06z 54x Q 1z 00xN, the directional arc results in 48z 53x 23c. 69- Computer recalculated with coordinates 26z 26x } 1z 32xS, the arc is 48z 55x 23c. 77- '+F cum lat.' shows up as directions number 67 and 77. Directing the point 06z 54x Q 1z 00xS with the computer gives an arc of 52z 07x. However, the point +F cum lat. should has 1z 00xN as a latitude and not 1z 00xS. Without doubt, this is an error. Lilly has omitted the direction of +D cum lat. 21

22 Table with the Directions to the ASC William Lilly's Computer recalculation Arc of Arc of # Promissor Position Direction Position Direction 89 _D D. 03z 34x W 0z 00xN 61z 46x 05z 06x W 0z 00xN 62z 26x 90 _A D. 06z 3?x W 0z 00xN 63z 09x 06z 43x W 0z 00xN 63z 12x 91 _F D. 06z 54x W 0z 00xN 63z 17x 07z 58x W 0z 00xN 63z 48x 92 &H S. 06z 55x W 0z 00xN 63z 18x 06z 51x W 0z 00xN 63z 16x 93 ter.d 09z 00x W 0z 00xN 64z 19x 08z 00x W 0z 00xN 63z 49x 94 Zod. ~J 09z 02x W 0z 00xN 64z 20x 09z 00x W 0z 00xN 64z 19x 95 *D D. 09z 34x W 0z 00xN 64z 36x 11z 06x W 0z 00xN 65z 23x 96 *A D. 12z 37x W 0z 00xN 66z 09x 12z 43x W 0z 00xN 66z 13x 97 *F D. 12z 54x W 0z 00xN 66z 18x 13z 58x W 0z 00xN 66z 52x 98 Domum 4 14z 39x W 0z 00xN 67z 13x 14z 39x W 0z 00xN 67z 13x 99 *H S. 15z 55x W 0z 00xN 67z 53x 15z 51x W 0z 00xN 67z 52x 100 ter.h 16z 00x W 0z 00xN 67z 57x 15z 00x W 0z 00xN 67z 24x 101 &D D. 18z 34x W 0z 00xN 69z 22x 20z 06x W 0z 00xN 70z 15x 102 * Mundo J 09z 02x W 2z 58xS 69z 30x 09z 00x W 2z 40xS 68z 55x zG D. 18z 54x W 0z 00xN 69z 34x 18z 44x W 0z 00xN 69z 28x 104 &A D. 21z 37x W 0z 00xN 71z 07x 21z 43x W 0z 00xN 71z 12x THE DIRECTIONS TO THE ASCENDANT- CONCLUSIONS Working with the data he had, Lilly calculated the arcs fairly exactly. The mistakes: direction # 18. The errors: # 57 and the controversy around the double show-up of the direction +F cum lat. to the ascendant in directions # 67 and # 77. One of them, most probably, has come in place of the omitted direction +D cum lat. to the ascendant. To the technical errors, I would include also the fact that Lilly has pushed the beginnings of the Ptolemaic terms with one degree forward. Further, I would question the assertion of Lilly that ' At this day we use no method in Directions but Argolus...'. Argolus directed the zodiacal aspects with a latitude. Lilly directed them with a latitude zero. Argolus 1 directed the Egyptian terms. Lilly directed Ptolemaic terms Computer recalculated with the coordinates of Lilly, 09z 02x W 2z 58xS, the arc comes to 69z 26x 36c. 1- 'Tabulae Primi Mobilis', Andreae Argoli, Romae 'Pandosion Sphaericum', Andreae Argoli, Patavii,

23 M WILLIAM LILLY M DIRECTIONS TO MC We will turn our atention now to Lilly's directions to the MC. He tabulated 54 such directions: # of directions 1. Planets mundo to MC: 1 ( of H ) 2. Planets zodiacal to MC: 1 ( of H ) 3. Planets mundo to IC: 1 ( of S ) ( or The zod. +of planets with a latitude to MC ) 4. Planets zodiacal to IC : 1 (of S ) ( or The zod. +of planets with latitude = 0 to MC ) 5. Major aspects of planets (lat. = 0 ): 8 6. Minor aspects of planets (lat. = 0 ): Ptolemaic terms 1 : Zod. antiscia and contra-antiscia of planets: 2 ( of H and G ) 9. Zod. antiscia and contra-antiscia with latitude: 2 ( of H and G ) 10. Zod. projections of stars: 2 ( Antares & Vega ) 11. Housecusps ( regiomontanian ): 3 ( of 11, 12 and the asc. ) Table with the Directions to the MC William Lilly's Computer recalculation pages of on the reconstructed 'Christian Astrology' horoscope RAMC= 222z 10x MC = 14z 39x I Arc of Arc of # Promissor Position Direction Position Direction 1 36zH D. 15z 55x I 0z 00xN 01z 16x 15z 51x I 0z 00xN 01z 12x S. 18z 34x I 0z 00xN 03z 55x 20z 06x I 0z 00xN 05z 29x 3 108zG S. 18z 54x I 0z 00xN 04z 15x 18z 44x I 0z 00xN 04z 06x 4 ter.d 21z 00x I 0z 00xN 06z 23x 21z 00x I 0z 00xN 06z 23x S. 21z 37x I 0z 00xN 07z 00x 21z 43x I 0z 00xN 07z 06x S. 21z 54x I 0z 00xN 07z 17x 22z 58x I 0z 00xN 08z 23x 7!H D. 21z 55x I 0z 00xN 07z 18x 21z 51x I 0z 00xN 07z 15x 8 ter.j 27z 00x I 0z 00xN 12z 32x 27z 00x I 0z 00xN 12z 32x 9 CAG 29z 06x I 0z 00xN 14z 43x 29z 16x I 0z 00xN 14z 42x 10 * CAGcum lat.29z 06x I 0z 28xN 14z 50x 29z 16x I 1z 05xS 14z 37x 1- Surprisingly, the terms Lilly directed to MC are the correct Ptolemaic terms and not those pushed with 1 degree forward, which he employed to the ascendant. 10- Lilly should have directed the point 29z 06x I 0z 28xS. The arc calculated with this point is 14z 35x 29c. Calculated with 29z 06x I 0z 28xN, the arc is 14z 48x 28c. 23

24 Table with the Directions to the MC William Lilly's Computer recalculation Arc of Arc of # Promissor Position Direction Position Direction 11 Domum 11 30z 00x I 0z 00xN 15z 38x 00z 12x O 0z 00xN 15z 50x 12 ter.h 00z 00x O 0z 00xN 15z 38x 00z 00x O 0z 00xN 15z 38x 13 * +S cum lat.01z 44x O 5z 00xS 16z 20x 01z 37x O 5z 11xS 16z 09x 14 ^G S. 00z 54x O 0z 00xN 16z 35x 00z 44x O 0z 00xN 16z 25x 15 +S 01z 44x O 0z 00xS 17z 27x 01z 37x O 0z 00xS 17z 19x 16 #D 03z 34x O 0z 00xN 19z 22x 05z 06x O 0z 00xN 20z 59x 17 * Zod. Antares 04z 30x O 0z 00xN 20z 21x 04z 24x O 0z 00xN 20z 15x 18 #A S. 06z 37x O 0z 00xN 22z 34x 06z 43x O 0z 00xN 22z 41x 19 #F S. 06z 54x O 0z 00xN 22z 53x 07z 58x O 0z 00xN 24z 01x 20 ter.h 08z 00x O 0z 00xN 24z 03x 08z 00x O 0z 00xN 24z 03x 21 _J D. 09z 02x O 0z 00xN 25z 09x 09z 00x O 0z 00xN 25z 07x 22 ter.d 14z 00x O 0z 00xN 30z 28x 14z 00x O 0z 00xN 30z 28x 23 Domum 12 14z 46x O 0z 00xN 31z 19x 14z 51x O 0z 00xN 31z 23x 24 *J D. 15z 02x O 0z 00xN 31z 25x 15z 00x O 0z 00xN 31z 32x 25 $D S. 15z 34x O 0z 00xN 32z 09x 17z 06x O 0z 00xN 33z 48x 26 &G S. 15z 54x O 0z 00xN 32z 31x 15z 44x O 0z 00xN 32z 20x 27 $A S. 18z 37x O 0z 00xN 35z 28x 18z 43x O 0z 00xN 35z 34x 28 $F S. 18z 54x O 0z 00xN 35z 47x 19z 58x O 0z 00xN 36z 54x 29 ter.j 19z 00x O 0z 00xN 35z 52x 19z 00x O 0z 00xN 35z 52x 30 * Mundo H 21z 55x O 0z 37xS 38z 01x 21z 51x O 0z 05xN 38z 58x 31 * Zodiacal H 21z 55x O 0z 00xS 39z 03x 21z 51x O 0z 00xN 38z 57x 32 &J D. 24z 02x O 0z 00xN 41z 19x 24z 00x O 0z 00xN 41z 17x 33 *G S. 24z 54x O 0z 00xN 42z 17x 24z 44x O 0z 00xN 42z 05x 34 ter.g 25z 00x O 0z 00xN 42z 23x 25z 00x O 0z 00xN 42z 23x 35 ter.f 00z 00x P 0z 00xN 47z 50x 00z 00x P 0z 00xN 47z 50x 36 _G S. 00z 54x P 0z 00xN 48z 50x 00z 44x P 0z 00xN 48z 38x 37 _S D. 01z 44x P 0z 00xN 49z 45x 01z 37x P 0z 00xN 49z 35x 13- Recomputing with Lilly's data i.e. 01z 44x O 5z 00xS, the arc comes to 16z 19x 48c. 17- The arc of the mundo direction of Antares to the Meridian (MC) is 19z 20x. 30- Recomputing with 21z 55x O 0z 37xS, the arc comes to 38z 58x 58c. I was not able to figure out the genesis of this error. 31- Recomputing with 21z 55x O 0z 00x, the arc comes to 39z 01x 26c. 24