Conceptual Physical Science, Physical Science, 8/e Paul G. Hewitt John A. Suchocki L. Hewitt

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1 GSCI101 What is science? Requires thinking Scientists are not magicians. They are more like musicians or basketball players. everyone can play but it takes practice!!! techniques are important practice means hours of working when skill levels are low. Scientist do not put on their science hats and glean the necessary information. They think about a situation or a question. 1. Try the simplest approach [take the easy way out.] 2. Look for an alternative confirmation or example verification broad strokes: should it be going up or down? faster or slower? Scientist develop consistencies and hierarchies to organize their information. 1. Is what I learned consistent with what I know? 2. Is it an exception that remains an anomaly? Do all objects (un-motorized) fall o YES o What about Helium balloons 3. Is it consistent but in a new way? Buoyancy added to the problem è Helium still fall. small scale phenomena o follows large scale as objects become larger but follows different rules at atomic level 4. Persistent crossword puzzles??? o I find them impossible at the start o Somehow after several hours they are complete. Book Conceptual Physical Science, Paul G. Hewitt, John A. Suchocki, L. Hewitt ISBN-10: Part 1: Physics 1. Equilibrium and Linear Motion 2. Newton's Laws of Motion. 3. Momentum and Energy. 4. Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites 5. Projectile and Satellite Motion. 6. Temperature, Heat, and Thermo. 7. Heat Transfer and Phase Change 8. Electrostatics and Electric Current 9. Magnetism and Induction 10. Waves and Sound Physical Science, 8/e Bill Tillery, Arizona State University ISBN: Chapter 1 What is Science? Chapter 2 Motion Chapter 3 Energy Chapter 4 Heat and Temperatures Chapter 5 Wave Motions and Sound Chapter 6 Electricity Chapter 7 Light

2 11. Light Cluster 3 Objectives Describe the methods of inquiry that lead to mathematical truth and scientific knowledge and be able to distinguish science from pseudoscience. Use theories and models as unifying principles that help us understand natural phenomena and make predictions. Recognize the interdependence of applied research, basic research, and technology, and how they affect society. Illustrate the interdependence between developments in science and social and ethical issues. Use graphical, symbolic, and numerical methods to analyze, organize, and interpret natural phenomena. Discriminate between association and causation, and identify the types of evidence used to establish causation. Formulate hypotheses, identify relevant variables, and design experiments to test hypotheses. Evaluate the credibility, use, and misuse of scientific and mathematical information in scientific developments and publicpolicy issues. Understanding goes well beyond knowing facts. Connected, organized, fairly complete information that can be used to draw conclusion and address questions constitutes understanding. Make something stable 1. Forces and torques Make something move

3 1. velocity 2. acceleration 3. friction a. air b. surface actual motion (actuators) 1. pressure, area, force 2. electric motors rotation, linear motion a. current b. power c. batteries The energy challenge Physics for Presidents Where am I? Senses, sensing environment 1. sensors (technology & biology) 2. optics 3. sound 4. Location (echoes, GPS, contact) 5. touch (material properties: hard, soft; temperature: hot, cold) Where am I realization: biology vs man made 1. bio systems (eyes, ears ) 2. man made attempts (cameras, microphones) 3. overlap Algorithms 1. microprocessors 2. artificial intelligence 3. neuro circuits 4. PID

4 sensors Human Sensing Sense: sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell Vision Audition Gustation Olfaction Tactition EM waves Pressure waves Chemicals -flavor Chemicals -odor Contact pressure Othere senses heat, pain, balance, awareness? animals Magnetoception (birds) Electroception (sharks, etc.) Electroception (sharks, etc.) Echolocation (bats, etc.) Pressure gradient (fish) Transduction What do all of these sensors have in common? They all transduce the measurand into some electrical property (voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, inductance, etc.) redundancy = many possible motions that result in same end effector reverse kinematics know where the end should be and you find the orientation of the arm ARM Links (structural connections between the joints), joints (elbows & wrists), end effector (hand) Joints Revolute (rotation) Prismatic (translation)

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