>>>>>>>>WHEN YOU FINISH <<<<<<<< Hand in the answer sheet separately.

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1 Instructor: Prof. Seiberling PHYSICS DEPARTMENT MET rd Midterm Exam December 9, 2002 Name (print, last rst): Signature: On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this examination. YOUR TEST NUMBER IS THE 5-DIGIT NUMBER AT THE TOP OF EACH PAGE. (1) Code your test number on your answer sheet (use 76{80 for the 5-digit number). Code your name on your answer sheet. DARKEN CIRCLES COMPLETELY. Code your student number on your answer sheet. (2) Print your name on this sheet and sign it also. (3) Do all scratch work anywhere on this exam that you like. At the end of the test, this exam printout is to be turned in. No credit will be given without both answer sheet and printout with scratch work most questions demand. (4) Blacken the circle of your intended answer completely, using a #2 pencil or blue or black ink. Do not make any stray marks or the answer sheet may not read properly. If you believe there is no correct answer listed, leave the answer spaces blank. (5) The answers are rounded o. Choose the closest to exact. There is no penalty for guessing. >>>>>>>>WHEN YOU FINISH <<<<<<<< Hand in the answer sheet separately. There are 32 multiple choice questions. Clearly circle the one best answer for each question. If more than one answer is marked, no credit will be given for that question, even if one of the marked answers is correct. Guessing an answer is better than leaving it blank. All questions are worth 3 points each, except for four questions, which are worth 4 points each. The points for each 4-point question are indicated by each problem. Good Luck! 1. The downdraft in an ordinary thunderstorm is intensi ed by: (1) electrical attraction between the cloud and ground (2) the release of latent heat as water in the cloud freezes (3) evaporating raindrops that make the air cold and heavy (4) upper level wind motions (5) the melting of snow in the anvil 2. The strongest winds in a hurricane are found: (1) at the center of the storm (2) at upper levels, above the center of the hurricane (3) near the periphery of the hurricane (4) in the rain bands (5) in the eye wall 3. Tornadoes are usually observed: (1) ahead of cold fronts (2) near large bodies of water (3) behind cold fronts (4) on the windward side of mountains (5) along occluded fronts

2 4. Atmospheric shortwaves usually move than longwaves, and when they move through a longwave trough. (1) slower, they are not a ected (2) faster, strengthen (3) slower, strengthen (4) slower, weaken (5) faster, weaken 5. Thunder is caused by: (1) the rapid heating of air surrounding a lightning channel (2) the explosion that occurs when + and - charges collide (3) turbulent wind motions inside the thunderstorm (4) charged particles moving faster than the speed of sound (5) the ripping apart of air particles due to high electric elds 6. Hurricanes do NOT form: (1) along the ITCZ (2) along the equator (3) when the surface water temperature exceeds 25 ± C (4) with an easterly wave (5) when the trade wind inversion is weak 7. A weak trough of low pressure found in the tropics, along which hurricanes occasionally form, is called: (1) an open wave (2) an easterly wave (3) a cyclonic wave (4) a permanent wave (5) a baroclinic wave 8. Studies reveal that during colder glacial periods, CO2 levels during warmer interglacial periods. (1) were more variable than (2) were higher than (3) were about the same as (4) were lower than (5) were less variable than 9. Which of the following is NOT true? (1) the nucleus of oxygen 18 contains two more neutrons than the nucleus of oxygen 16 (2) water made from oxygen 18 is heavier than water made from oxygen 16 (3) oxygen 16 and oxygen 18 are found in roughly equal amounts in ocean water (4) oxygen 16 evaporates more readily from the ocean than oxygen 18 (5) both oxygen 16 and oxygen 18 are found in the shells of marine organisms 10. (4 pts) In her lecture on hurricanes presented to our class, Kate Dollen focused on: (1) the conditions that determine whether a hurricane will make landfall (2) the conditions that were responsible for the 2002 hurricane season being mild (3) the conditions in Africa that impact hurricane intensity in the north Atlantic (4) the use of computer simulations to study the formation of hurricanes (5) the role of El Nino/La Nina in hurricane formation

3 11. Which is NOT true about precession of the earth's axis? (1) precession refers to the change in direction of the earth's axis with time (2) the period of the precession cycle is about 23,000 years (3) far in the future, the earth will be closer to the sun in July and further from the sun in January (4) precession is accounted for in the Milankovitch theory of climate change (5) in roughly 45 Million years, the spin axis of the earth will shift from 23.5 ± to about 90 ± 12. Who was the person interviewed in our tornado/hurricane movie who surveyed the damage done by Hurricane Andrew and drew an analogy with vortices in tornadoes? (1) Dr. Tor Bergeron (2) Dr. William Gray (3) Dr. Edmond Hadley (4) Dr. Ted Fujita (5) Dr. Maria Sa±r-Simpson 13. By examining a surface map or upper level chart, the movement of a surface low pressure area is NOT generally predicted based upon the: (1) region of greatest pressure decrease (2) dew point sounding just behind the front (3) movement of the surface low during the previous 6 hours (4) wind direction at 500 mb (5) orientation of the isobars in the warm sector 14. A building anticyclone means: (1) a region of upper-level divergence exists above the anticyclone (2) separate anticyclones are merging (3) the anticyclone is moving toward the east coast (4) the anticyclone is causing a middle latitude storm to form (5) the central pressure is increasing 15. (4 pts) When a deep upper-level trough is located to the east of a surface anticyclone, the surface anticyclone will tend to move toward the: (1) northwest (2) southeast (3) east (4) southwest (5) northeast 16. The main reason hurricanes don't develop over the eastern south Paci c Ocean adjacent to South America is because: (1) the air at the surface is always diverging (2) the Coriolis force is too small there (3) they do form, but there is no nearby land that is impacted (4) the pressure gradient force is too weak in that area (5) the surface water temperatures are too cold there 17. If the earth were in a cooling trend, which process below would most likely act as a positive feedback mechanism? (1) increasing the carbon dioxide content of the air (2) decreasing the amount of cloud cover around the globe (3) increasing the snow cover around the earth (4) increasing the water vapor content of the air (5) decreasing the snow cover around the earth

4 18. If global temperatures were to rise enough so that all of the glaciers on the earth melted, sea level would rise by approximately: (1) 2000 ft (2) 200 ft (3) 20 ft (4) 2 ft (5) 1000 ft 19. (4 pts) The strongest winds in a hurricane heading westward toward Florida would most likely be found on the side. (1) northern (2) eastern (3) southern (4) southeastern (5) western 20. One would expect a cp air mass to be: (1) cold, moist and unstable (2) cold, dry and stable (3) cold, moist and stable (4) warm, moist and unstable (5) cold, dry and unstable 21. A stationary front does not move because: (1) the winds blow against each other and are of equal strength (2) an occlusion blocks air ow behind the front (3) the front is between high and low pressure (4) the winds blow parallel to the front (5) winds on both sides of the front are calm 22. Ordinary thunderstorms only last about one hour and begin to dissipate when: (1) the thunderstorm cloud moves over a saturated ground surface (2) solar heating at the ground begins to decrease (3) the downdraft spreads throughout the cloud and cuts o the updraft (4) lightning neutralizes all the electrical charge in the cloud (5) all the precipitation particles in the cloud turn to ice 23. On a surface weather map that shows an open wave cyclone, the warm sector can be observed: (1) ahead of an advancing warm front (2) behind an advancing cold-occluded front (3) ahead of an advancing cold-occluded front (4) behind an advancing cold front (5) ahead of an advancing cold front 24. The formation of continental glaciers over vast areas of North America is most favorable when Northern Hemisphere summers are and winters are. (1) warm, extremely cold (2) warm, mild (3) cool, mild (4) cool, extremely cold (5) very warm, cool 25. The greatest contrast in both temperature and moisture will occur along the boundary separating which air masses? (1) mp and mt in summer (2) cp and mt in summer (3) cp and ct in summer (4) mp and mt in winter (5) cp and mt in winter

5 26. When comparing an \average" cold front to an \average" warm front, which of the following is NOT correct? (1) generally, cold fronts have steeper slopes (2) generally, precipitation covers a much broader area with a cold front (3) winds shift by about 90 ± during either a cold or warm front passage (4) generally, cold fronts move faster than warm fronts (5) especially in winter, cumuliform clouds are more often associated with cold fronts 27. A Mesoscale Convective Complex is actually: (1) individual thunderstorms that grow into a large, long-lasting weather system (2) another name for a suction vortex (3) a rapidly rotating tornado cyclone inside a massive thunderstorm (4) a family of tornadoes that do a great deal of damage (5) a complex display of lightning from distant thunderstorms 28. For this and the following question, refer to the Table provided. The Table is a printout from the UF Physics weather station showing weather data for Nov. 19, Between what hours did a cold front pass through Gainesville for the data shown? (1) 2pm - 3pm (2) 9am - 10am (3) 5pm - 6pm (4) 11am - noon (5) 6am - 7am 29. During the passage of the front, the winds shifted from to. (1) WSW to NE (2) S to NNE (3) NE to SW (4) W to N (5) SW to NW 30. (4 pts) What weather conditions would be forecast based on the following observations? Cloudiness and rain associated with a weak surface low pressure system, zonal conditions on the 500 mb chart. (1) the low will stay weak and move toward the north (2) the low will intensify and move toward the south (3) the low will intensify and move toward the east (4) the low will intensify and move toward the north (5) the low will stay weak and move toward the east 31. Which forecasting method assumes that weather systems will move in the same direction and at the same speed as they have been moving? (1) persistence forecast (2) climatological forecast (3) probability forecast (4) weather type forecast (5) steady state (trend) forecast 32. Which of the following is NOT associated with rising air motions? (1) overrunning (2) convergence of air at the surface (3) an unstable atmosphere (4) warm advection (5) convergence of air aloft

On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this examination.

Instructor(s): Prof. Whiting PHYSICS DEPARTMENT MET 1010 3rd Midterm Exam April 18, 2005 Name (print, last first): Signature: On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this examination.