A.M. and P.M. About the Math Professional Development 10.2 LESSON AT A GLANCE

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1 LESSON. A.M. and P.M. FOCUS COHERENCE RIGOR LESSON AT A GLANCE F C R Focus: Common Core State Standards Learning Objective.MD.A. Tell and write time to the nearest minute and measure time intervals in minutes. Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of time intervals in minutes, e.g., by representing the problem on a number line diagram. Decide when to use A.M. and P.M. when telling time to the nearest minute. MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES (See ematical Practices in GO! in the Planning Guide for full text.) MP Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. MP Reason abstractly and quantitatively. MP Model with mathematics. Language Objective F C R Coherence: Standards Across the Grades Before Grade After.MD.C.7.MD.A..MD.A. F C R Rigor: Level : Understand Concepts...Share and Show ( Checked Items) Level : Procedural Skills and Fluency...On Your Own, Practice and Homework Level : Applications...Think Smarter and Go Deeper Student pairs complete a T-chart that lists activities associated with A.M. and with P.M., and then explain what they mean. Materials Board F C R For more about how GO! fosters Coherence within the Content Standards and ematical Progressions for this chapter, see page J. About the Professional Development Teaching for Depth In this lesson, students learn to distinguish between time in the A.M. and time in the P.M. These abbreviations relate to a system of recording time. One system divides the -hour day into two -hour periods. The other system uses hours. When using two -hour periods, one period is called ante meridiem (A.M.) which is Latin for before noon and the other period is called post meridiem (P.M.) which is Latin for after noon. Using the -hour system may seem clearer. However, difficulties may arise when referring to a clock that shows hours from through. Naming an afternoon or evening time requires adding. Thus, :00 P.M. in the -hour system would be shown as 0 ( + ) in the -hour system. Professional Development Videos 67A Chapter Interactive Student Edition Personal Trainer on the Spot Video Animated Models itools: Measurement

2 Daily Routines Common Core Problem of the Day. Jake has 6 baseball cards and Bianca has 67 baseball cards. How many cards do Jake and Bianca have altogether? 0 Vocabulary A.M., midnight, noon, P.M. Interactive Student Edition Multimedia Glossary e Vocabulary Builder Materials index cards A.M. and P.M. Give students index cards and have them write A.M. on one side and P.M. on the other side. Write the words midnight and noon on the board. Have students tell what they know about each word. Explain that midnight and noon are both shown as :00. Write A.M. to the right of midnight on the board. Explain that the times after midnight and before noon are written with A.M. Then write P.M. to the right of noon on the board. Explain that the times after noon and before midnight are written with P.M. a time and an activity, such as going to bed at :00, and have students use their index cards to show whether the time is A.M. or P.M. Have students take turns naming a time and an activity. ENGAGE with the Interactive Student Edition Essential Question How can you tell when to use A.M. and P.M. with time? Making Connections Ask students to tell what they know about time. How many hours are in a day? What are some things you do in the morning? Possible answers: wake up, eat breakfast, go to school What are some things you do in the evening? Possible answers: come home from school, eat dinner, go to sleep Learning Activity What is the problem the students are trying to solve? Connect the story to the problem. Ask the following questions. What do you need to find? if a time should be written with A.M. or P.M. What could happen if you did not label an activity s start time as morning or evening? Possible answer: People might think the activity starts in the morning when it actually starts in the evening or vice versa. Literacy and ematics View the lesson opener with the students. Then, choose one or more of the following activities: Have students write down some activities they do throughout the day. Have them record an approximate time they begin the activity. Be sure students denote A.M. or P.M. for each time. Talk about why it is important to include the A.M. or P.M. label. Have students make a number line showing A.M. and P.M. like the one shown on page 67. Give a list of times or activities such as : at night or eating breakfast at :00. Have students record the times on their number line in the proper A.M. or P.M. section. Talk about how they knew where to place the times. Literature Connection From the Grab-and-Go Differentiated Centers Kit Students read about Kim s late start and her attempts to get to school on time. How can you tell when to use A.M. and P.M. with time? Late for School Lesson. 67B

3 LESSON. EXPLORE Unlock the Problem MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES What time is Lauren s family going hiking? Read the problem to find out. Tell students they will be using a number line that has times on it. Explain that this type of number line can also be called a time line. Review the number line with students. What does each mark represent? hour Read about the times after midnight and before noon. What are some activities that you do after midnight and before noon? Possible answers: sleep, wake up, eat breakfast, go to school What part of the day describes A.M. times? morning MP7 Look for and make use of structure. How do you know if Lauren should write A.M. or P.M. for the hiking time? The time is in the morning, so Lauren should write A.M. Talk 67 Chapter Use Talk to focus on students understanding of showing time using a number line and a clock. How does the clock show hours? The hour hand moves all the way around the clock twice. ELL Strategy: Identify Relationships Students relate times and activities of the day to A.M. and P.M. Have pairs brainstorm a list of different activities done during A.M. times and during P.M. times. Students make a set of cards with the words sunrise, sunset, morning, school start time, recess, lunch, afternoon, evening, bedtime, and dinner time. Students separate the cards into two groups: words related to A.M. times and words related to P.M. times. MP Reason abstractly and quantitatively. If a clock says it is o clock, how do you know if it s o clock in the morning or o clock in the evening? It is light out at in the morning, but dark out at in the evening..md.a. Tell and write time to the nearest minute and measure time intervals in minutes. Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of time intervals in minutes, e.g., by representing the problem on a number line diagram. Image Credits: Michael Halbersta Steve Mason/Photodisc/Getty Images A.M. and P.M. Essential Question How can you tell when to use A.M. and P.M. with time? Unlock the Problem Lauren s family is going hiking tomorrow at 7:00. How should Lauren write the time to show that they are going in the morning, not in the evening? You can use a number line to show the sequence or order of events. It can help you understand the number of hours in a day. Think: The distance from one mark to the next mark represents one hour. :00 midnight A.M. 6:00 A.M. :00 noon Tell time after midnight. Midnight is :00 at night. P.M. 6:00 P.M. The times after midnight and before noon are written with A.M. 7:00 in the morning is written as 7:00 A.M. :00 midnight So, Lauren should write the hiking time as 7:00 A.M. Find the mark that shows 7:00 a.m. on the number line above. Circle the mark. After Midnight and Before Noon A.M. Talk Talk: Possible answer: alike both show time from :00 to :00; different the clock face shows minutes as well as hours, and the number line shows all hours in day. A.M. and P.M. Lori and her father went shopping at the time shown on the clock at the right. How should Lori write the time? Use A.M. or P.M. Step Read the time on the clock. :0 Step Decide if the time is A.M. or P.M. Write P.M. for times after noon and before midnight. Write A.M. for times after midnight and before noon. Think: Most people go shopping during the day. So, Lori should write the time as :0 A.M. Write the time for the activity. Use A.M. or P.M.. Mackenzie s violin lesson starts at the time shown on the clock. Write the time using A.M. or P.M.. leave school. eat dinner. arrive at school Chapter Resources Reteach. : P.M. :0 P.M.. The diner opens for breakfast at the time shown on the clock. Write the time using A.M. or P.M. Lesson. Reteach REMEMBER Noon is :00 in the daytime. Midnight is :00 at night. 6:0 A.M. :0 :0 P.M. :0 A.M. -7 Reteach Lesson. Measurement and Data.MD.A. MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES MP, MP, MP Circle the helpful information that tells about the hiking time. What do you need to find? how Lauren should write the time for 7:00 in the morning MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES Compare Representations How are the number line on this page and the clock face alike? How are they different? Time Order Use A.M. or P.M. to write the time for each activity below. Then write the sequence, or order, of the times from A.M. to P.M... :00 P.M. go to sleep A.M. to P.M. in order: : A.M. 6:00 P.M. A.M. to P.M. in order: : : A.M. ride the bus to school :00 P.M. : P.M. Chapter 67 :0 do homework 7: Lesson. Enrich take guitar lesson eat dinner begin gym class wake up go to the library 7: A.M. :0 A.M. :0 P.M. :0 P.M. 7: A.M. : P.M. :00 P.M. :00 P.M.. Explain how you found the order of the times in Exercise. Possible explanation: first, I looked at the hours for the A.M. times. 7 is before. For the P.M. times, is before 6. So, the order is 7: A.M., :0 A.M., : P.M., 6:00 P.M. Chapter Resources Enrich. Differentiated Instruction :0 A.M. 6:00 P.M. - Enrich

4 Callie s family is going for a canoe ride at :00 in the afternoon. How should Callie write the time? Noon is :00 in the daytime. The times after noon and before midnight are written with P.M. :00 in the afternoon is written as :00 P.M. Share and Show 6 Talk Tell time after noon. MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES MATH BOARD. two things you do in the a.m. hours. two things you do in the p.m. hours. After Noon and Before Midnight P.M. So, Callie should write the time as :00 P.M. Possible answers: A.M. sleep, walk to school, eat breakfast; P.M. do my homework, play outside, sleep Write the time for the activity. Use a.m. or p.m.. ride a bicycle. make a sandwich. get ready for bed. This morning Sam woke up at the time shown on this clock. Write the time using a.m. or p.m. 7: A.M. Apply How do you decide whether to use A.M. or P.M. when you write the time? : :0 P.M. : A.M. : P.M. Possible explanation: if something happens after midnight and before noon, use A.M. If it happens after noon and before midnight, use P.M. Image Credits: (c) Ariel Skelley/Blend Images/Getty Images Read the problem with students. Then have them read about times after noon and before midnight. Would you label the time you get home from school with A.M. or P.M.? Explain. P.M., because it is after noon and before midnight Would you write the time it gets dark with A.M. or P.M.? Explain. P.M., because it gets dark in the evening If EXPLAIN Share and Show MATH BOARD Quick Check MATH The first problem connects to the learning model. Have students use the Board to explain their thinking. Use for the checked exercises Quick Check. Students should show their answers for the Quick Check on the Board. Talk Use Talk to focus on students understanding of A.M. and P.M. times. What are some A.M. and P.M. times when you re usually asleep? When you re usually awake? Possible answer: at P.M. and A.M. I m asleep. At A.M. and P.M. I m awake. a student misses the checked exercises RtI Advanced Learners Verbal / Linguistic Individual / Partner Tell students that people in the military and in emergency services, such as firefighters and police, use a -hour system of time without A.M. and P.M. Explain that midnight in military time is written 0000 and A.M. times are the same as in the -hour system, or standard time. For example, :0 A.M. in military time is. For times with a single-digit hour, an extra 0 is written in front so that the time has four digits: :0 A.M. is 00. Noon is written 0. For P.M. times, the military time is the standard time plus hours. For example, :00 P.M. is 0. Ask students to write some times that they do activities using standard times. Then have students change their times to military time. Check students work. Then Differentiate Instruction with Reteach. Personal Trainer.MD.A. Rtl Tier Activity (online) COMMON ERRORS Error Students might confuse A.M. and P.M. Example For Exercise, students might consider making a sandwich as something done during the afternoon and write P.M. Springboard to Learning Remind students that times after midnight and before noon are written with A.M. and times after noon and before midnight are written with P.M. Lesson. 6

5 On Your Own If students complete the checked exercises correctly, they may continue with the On Your Own section. For Exercises 6, have students continue to identify the times shown on the clocks and indicate each time as A.M. or P.M. How do you know when to use A.M.? Possible answer: when the activity is something done in the morning For Exercises, students will write the time using numbers and indicate each time as A.M. or P.M. How are the times before and after midnight written differently? The times after noon and before midnight are written with P.M., and the times after midnight and before noon are written with A.M. Exercise names a time before noon. Is that time in the A.M. or the P.M.? Explain. It is in the A.M. because the P.M. times start after noon. SMARTER Exercise requires students to analyze time. Students can think about how many hours there are between the two given times. on the Spot Video Tutor Use this video to help students model and solve this type of Think Smarter problem. on the Spot videos are in the Interactive Student Edition and at On Your Own Write the time for the activity. Use a.m. or p.m. 6. eat breakfast 7. have science class. play softball 7:7 Write the time. Use a.m. or p.m. 7:7 A.M. :0 P.M. :0 P.M.. quarter after :00 in the morning. 6 minutes after 7:00 in the morning. Mark is taking a trip on an airplane. His flight leaves at minutes before in the morning. Using a.m. or p.m., at what time does Mark s flight leave?. Daylight saving time begins on the second Sunday in March at :00 in the morning. Write the time. Use a.m. or p.m. :00 A.M.. DEEPER Jane and her dad are using their new telescope to look at the stars. They start looking at the stars at minutes after and stopped looking at the stars at minutes after. Using a.m. or p.m., at what time did they start and stop looking at the stars?. SMARTER From midnight to noon each day, how many times does the minute hand on a clock pass 6? Explain how you found your answer. times; Possible explanation: hours pass from midnight to noon, so the minute hand will go around the clock times and pass the 6 each time. : A.M. 7:06 A.M. :6 A.M. : P.M.; : P.M.. Jennie s class ate lunch at minutes before noon each day. Using a.m. or p.m., write the time that Jennie s class ate lunch. : A.M. Chapter Lesson 6 MP Reason abstractly and quantitatively. To extend their thinking, have students tell how many times the minute hand passes the 6 from midnight on Saturday to midnight on Sunday. Have them explain their answers. 6 Chapter

6 MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES ANALYZE 70 Unlock the Problem 6. Lea and her father arrived at the scenic overlook minutes before noon and left minutes after noon. Using a.m. or p.m., write the time when Lea and her father arrived at the scenic overlook and the time when they left. a. What do you need to find? the time, including A.M. or P.M., that Lea and her father arrived at the scenic overlook and the time they left b. What do you need to find first? the time Lea and her father arrived c. MATHEMATICAL PRACTICE 6 Describe a Method Show the steps you used to solve the problem. They arrived at minutes before noon, which is :. Because it is before noon, it is : A.M. They left minutes after noon, which is :. Because it is after noon, it is : P.M. WRITE Show Your Work d. They arrived at : _.m. A They left at : _.m. P 7. SMARTER The Davis family spent the day at the lake. Write the letter for each activity next to the time they did it. A Went swimming soon after lunch. B Ate breakfast at home. C Watched the sunset over the lake. D Got to the lake cabin in the morning. E Had sandwiches for lunch. DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION D C E A B :0 a.m. 7:00 p.m. : p.m. :0 p.m. 7:00 a.m. INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES Image Credits: Andre Jenny/Alamy Images ELABORATE Unlock the Problem MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES MP Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Have students read the problem and discuss what they need to find. This is a multistep problem in which students need to find a time before noon as well as a time after noon. MP6 Attend to precision. Remind students to be clear, organized, and concise when describing how they solved the problem. SMARTER Students will use logical thinking to identify the order of activities for a day and recognize the difference between A.M. and P.M. times. Common errors may include transferring 7:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. and thinking of : P.M. as a time just after midnight. Have students explain their answers to reveal errors in reasoning. EVALUATE Formative Assessment Essential Question Using the Language Objective Reflect Have student pairs complete a T-chart to answer the Essential Question. How can you tell when to use A.M. and P.M. with time? Possible answer: times in the A.M. are after midnight and before noon and are times in the morning. Times in the P.M. are after noon and before midnight and are times in the afternoon or evening. Activities Time After Time Differentiated Centers Kit Literature Late for School Games Matching Time Journal WRITE Write your schedule for today. List each activity with its starting time. Write A.M. or P.M. for each time. Students complete blue Activity Card by reading, writing, and showing time to the minute in analog and digital forms. Students read about Kim s late start and her attempts to get to school on time. Students practice telling time to the minute to match cards. Lesson. 70

7 Practice and Homework Use the Practice and Homework pages to provide students with more practice of the concepts and skills presented in this lesson. Students master their understanding as they complete practice items and then challenge their critical thinking skills with Problem Solving. Use the Write section to determine student s understanding of content for this lesson. Encourage students to use their Journals to record their answers. A.M. and P.M. Write the time for the activity. Use a.m. or p.m.. eat lunch. go home after school :0 P.M.. go for a walk :. see the sunrise : : P.M. 6: A.M.. go to school 6. get ready for art class : P.M. : A.M. :6 A.M. Write the time. Use a.m. or p.m. 7. one half hour past midnight Practice and Homework Lesson. COMMON CORE STANDARD.MD.A. Solve problems involving measurement and estimation of intervals of time, liquid volumes, and masses of objects.. one-half hour after :00 in the morning :0 A.M. :0 A.M. Problem Solving. Jaime is in math class. What time is it? Use a.m. or p.m.. Pete began practicing his trumpet at fifteen minutes past three. Write this time using a.m. or p.m. : P.M. : P.M.. WRITE Write your schedule for today. List each activity with its starting time. Write a.m. or p.m. for each time. Check students work. Chapter 7 COMMON CORE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT Talk in Action The class is discussing Exercise 7. What do you need to know to be able to write the time that is one half hour past midnight? Curtis: You need to know that midnight is :00. Ramon: Ursula: Ed: Ashley: Kelly: You need to know that one half hour is 0 minutes. So, what do you write? You write for the hour. And you write 0 for the minutes. Don t forget to write the colon between the hours and minutes. Don t you need A.M. or P.M. too? Laurel: Marta: Dara: Yes, that s right. Which one do you write for a time after midnight but before noon? You write A.M. because morning times start after midnight. It sounds strange to say morning starts in the night when you are sleeping. Can someone help Marta make sense of that? You go to bed at night and get up in the morning. So night changes to morning when you are sleeping. Midnight is the time it changes. That s a nice way to remember! 7 Chapter

8 Lesson Check (.MD.A.). Steven is doing his homework. What time is it? Use a.m. or p.m. :. After he finished breakfast, Mr. Edwards left for work at fifteen minutes after seven. What time is this? Use a.m. or p.m. Continue concepts and skills practice with Lesson Check. Use Spiral Review to engage students in previously taught concepts and to promote content retention. Common Core standards are correlated to each section. : P.M. 7: A.M. Spiral Review (.OA.B.6,.NBT.A.,.NBT.A.,.NF.A.d). What division equation is related to the multiplication equation 6 =?. There are 0 toothpicks in each box. Jaime buys boxes for her party platter. How many toothpicks does Jaime buy? = 6 or 6 = 00 toothpicks. A pet store sold bags of beef-flavored dog food and 6 bags of cheese-flavored dog food. How many bags of dog food were sold? 7 0 bags of dog food 6. Compare. Write <, >, or =. 6 < 6 FOR MORE PRACTICE GO TO THE Personal Trainer Lesson. 7