Satellite-borne impact detectors for small meteoroids, interplanetary dust and space debris
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1 Satellite-borne impact detectors for small meteoroids, interplanetary dust and space debris Duncan Steel Small solid particle impact detectors provide examples of low cost, low mass and low data-rate satellite instruments capable of returning high-value science and engineering information. For example, flat capacitor-type detectors (metal-dielectric-metal film sandwiches) can be arranged on the exterior surfaces of small satellites and actively record strikes by ~micrometre particles. Such detectors were flown on the Long Duration Exposure Facility mission, and returned data that are still not fully understood. Other types of active impact detectors (as opposed to longexposure surfaces to be returned from orbit for analysis) that have been flown include ionisation chamber instruments and microphone experiments. For example, results from a recent cosmic dust experiment on NASA s AIM satellite, employing permanently-polarized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) detectors that produce piezoelectric pulses when struck, have been reported by Poppe et al. (Planetary & Space Science, 59, , 2011). I will review the merits and otherwise of satellite-borne impact detector experiments which have been conducted in the past, and also look to the future. Could such detectors arranged on the outside surface of a 6U CubeSat be a secondary experiment providing additional impetus for a first Australian CubeSat?
2 First, the bad news
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7 Rule 1: Don t over-exaggerate anything!
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10 Perspective of tracked orbiting objects LEO the most densely populated... NASA NASA...and the speeds are higher here: ~3 km/sec in GEO >7 km/sec in LEO
11 Stepping back 23 years...
12 A 6U Cubesat Who might be a domestic client?
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15 JORN (HF) C-Band radar Space Fence? Optical sensors???
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19 Examples OK Now of on space to junk re-entries - Parts from Delta launchers Satellite-borne impact detectors for small meteoroids, interplanetary dust and space debris Texas, 1997
20 Debris Hubble damage Space to Telescope Hubble Space Servicing Telescope
21 Past impact detectors: LDEFe NASA
22 Impact scars: LDEF Big Boy hole 5mm across
23 Time-resolved dust impact detection: basically exposed thin-film capacitors that discharge when they are perforated by an impact
24 Natural meteoroid/interplanetary dust impacts Impact speeds are higher than debris...but the flux is far lower
25 DIDSY (Dust Impact Detection System) for Giotto:
26 A present dust impact detectors: AIMe
27 Does Australia have anything to offer in this area?
28 Plot Examples adapted of from space junk re-entries - Parts from Delta launchers Texas, 1997
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31 From the JASON report: all Jindalee data
32 So, this is a broad area in which: (1) Australia has a long heritage (2) Australia has superior expertise to the US (3) Australia has geography in its favour Question: Can one piggy-back on that in order to kick-start a satellite industry? For example: a 6U CubeSat.
33 Thanks for your attention QUESTIONS & COMMENTS?
34 Satellite-borne impact detectors for small meteoroids, interplanetary dust and space debris Duncan Steel Small solid particle impact detectors provide examples of low cost, low mass and low data-rate satellite instruments capable of returning high-value science and engineering information. For example, flat capacitor-type detectors (metal-dielectric-metal film sandwiches) can be arranged on the exterior surfaces of small satellites and actively record strikes by ~micrometre particles. Such detectors were flown on the Long Duration Exposure Facility mission, and returned data that are still not fully understood. Other types of active impact detectors (as opposed to longexposure surfaces to be returned from orbit for analysis) that have been flown include ionisation chamber instruments and microphone experiments. For example, results from a recent cosmic dust experiment on NASA s AIM satellite, employing permanently-polarized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) detectors that produce piezoelectric pulses when struck, have been reported by Poppe et al. (Planetary & Space Science, 59, , 2011). I will review the merits and otherwise of satellite-borne impact detector experiments which have been conducted in the past, and also look to the future. Could such detectors arranged on the outside surface of a 6U CubeSat be a secondary experiment providing additional impetus for a first Australian CubeSat?
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