Determination of the electrical energy yield. A comparative study of 12 PV-module types.

Transcription

1 Determination of the electrical energy yield. A comparative study of 12 PV-module types. Author: Qualified Engineer Eberhard Zentgraf Electrical Engineer TEC Institute for Technical Innovation 1

2 Table of contents 1. Preface 3 2. Planning, Set-up and Implementation 2.1 Planning and preliminary considerations 2.2 Measuring set-up and Implementation of Measuring series 4 3. Measuring results 3.1 Diagrams Analysis of the measuring results 4. Conclusion Equipment 2

3 1. Preface In early spring 29 (as in the previous year), TEC institute decided to determine crystalline PV-modules which produce very high energy yields. 2. Planning, Set-up and Implementation 2.1 Planning and preliminary consideration After some thorough research, we decided on the following modules as test objects. -aleo S16 -Kyocera KC 175 GHT-2 -Schott Solar Poly 165 -Schott Solar ASE 3 -Romag SMT 6(6)225 -Tynsolar TYN-18 PC -Sharp NT 17 (E1) -Wuxi Shangpin SPSM-175D -Jiangyin Jetion JT 175 (35) -Yunnan Tianda TD 175 M5 -ANTARIS ASM 175 -ANTARIS ASM 18 monocrystalline monocrystalline monocrystalline monocrystalline monocrystalline (last year s winner) monocrystalline (follow-up model) Each module type was wired up into a string, consisting of two, respectively three modules (depending on Mpp-voltage of each module type). Each string fed into the grid via a Mastervolt Soladin 6 inverter. Care was taken to ensure absolute identical operating conditions for all module types: Same test location (the institute s own roof) Same orientation (South) Same inclination angle Same cable lengths and wire cross sections No shading Cleanliness of the module surfaces Same rear ventilation conditions (module cooling) Same measuring devices to record data Etc. As they are the most profitable months, June and July 29 were chosen as testing period. Because the tested modules had different external dimensions, the yield (measured in kwp) was related to the datasheet values (measured in kwp), in order to be able to compare the modules of different sizes realistically. 2.2 Measuring set-up and Implementation of Measuring series As mentioned above, all module types work in feed-in mode. Module voltage and module current were measured on the DC side via digital multimeters, so that the 3

4 actual module performance and the electrical energy yield can be calculated. The measuring interval was one minute. Additionally, the fed-in energy was measured per module type, using calibrated electricity meters. Furthermore, all measures named under 2.1 were taken. At the same time, the global irradiance (in W/m 2 ) was recorded on the same roof, using a pyranometer (as used in professional weather stations). Thus, yields could be interpreted realistically. Fig. 1 shows one part of the tested modules Fig 1: Part of the test set-up Additional modules can be seen in the arrangement in fig. 2. Fig. 2: Additional tested modules 4

5 Fig. 3 shows the pyranometer used Measuring set-up with inverters, digital multimeters, meters and measuring computers (on the right and left image border). Fig. 4: Measuring- and Feed-in station 5

6 3. Measuring results 3.1 Diagrams Exemplarily, the following diagram shows the global irradiance curve from 6/29/9 until 7/6/29. Fig. 5: global irradiance from 6/29/9 until 7/6/9 The recorded currents and voltages can be seen from 6/29/9 until 7/6/9, with the module aleo S16 serving as an example. DC-current and voltage on module type aleo S16 1 Time 1:17:15 14:37:16 18:57:18 23:17:2 3:37:21 7:57:23 12:17:24 16:37:26 2:57:28 1:17:29 5:37:31 9:57:33 14:17:34 18:37:36 22:57:38 3:17:39 7:37:41 11:57:42 16:17:44 2:37:46 :57:47 5:17:49 9:37:51 13:57:52 18:17:54 22:37:56 2:57:57 7:17:59 11:38:1 15:58:2 2:18:4 :38:5 4:58:7 9:18:9 13:38:1 17:58:12 22:18:14 2:38:15 6:58:17 1, 9, 8 8, Voltage [V] Date 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1,, Current [A] Fig. 6: DC-current and voltage on module type aleo S16. 6

7 For the same period of time, performance curves could be established from this (see fig.7). Performance of module type aleo S16 Power [W] Time 1:17:15 14:24:16 18:31:18 22:38:19 2:45:21 6:52:22 1:59:24 15:6:26 19:13:27 23:2:29 3:27:3 7:34:32 11:41:33 15:48:35 19:55:36 :2:38 4:9:4 8:16:41 12:23:43 16:3:44 2:37:46 :44:47 4:51:49 8:58:5 13:5:52 17:12:54 21:19:55 1:26:57 5:33:58 9:41: 13:48:1 17:55:3 22:2:4 2:9:6 6:16:8 1:23:9 14:3:11 18:37:12 22:44:14 2:51:15 6:58: Date Fig. 7: Performance of module type aleo S16, from 6/29/9 until 6/7/9 The energy yield could be calculated from this output (which can be seen in fig.8). Energy Yield of the module type aleo S16 Energy Yield [kwh] Time 1:17:15 14:2:16 18:23:18 22:26:19 2:29:21 6:32:22 1:35:24 14:38:25 18:41:27 22:44:28 2:47:3 6:5:31 1:53:33 14:56:35 18:59:36 23:2:38 3:5:39 7:8:41 11:11:42 15:14:44 19:17:45 23:2:47 3:23:48 7:26:5 11:29:51 15:32:53 19:35:54 23:38:56 3:41:58 7:44:59 11:48:1 15:51:2 19:54:4 23:57:5 4::7 8:3:8 12:6:1 16:9:11 2:12:13 :15:14 4:18: Date Fig. 8: Energy yield of the module type aleo S16, from 6/29/9 until 7/6/9 7

8 3.2 Analysis of the Measurement results Output and energy yield were determined for all 12 module types. To be able to compare the energy yield of the module types to each other, the respective yield had to be related to the module types. It had to be taken into account, whether two or three modules were in a string (dependent on the Mpp-voltage of the modules). The datasheet values were as follows. Module Type -aleo S16 -Kyocera KC 175 GHT-2 -Schott Solar Poly 165 -Schott Solar ASE 3 -Romag SMT 6(6)225 -Tynsolar TYN-18 PC -Sharp NT 17 (E1) -Wuxi Shangpin SPSM-175D -Jiangyin Jetion JT 175 (35) -Yunnan Tianda TD 175 M5 -ANTARIS ASM 175 -ANTARIS ASM 18 Peak Power 18 Wp 175 Wp 165 Wp 3 Wp 225 Wp 18 Wp 17 Wp 175 Wp 175 Wp 175 Wp 175 Wp (last year s winner) 18 Wp (follow-up model) The following energy yields in kwh per kwp [kwh/kwp] resulted from the above measuring series. This is for the time period from 6/1/29 until 7/31/29. See diagram fig. 9 (order as in table above). energy yields in kwh per kwp [kwh/kwp] Time period: June 1st until July 31st energy yields in kwh per kwp [kwh/kwp] , 256,8 254,2 249,9 248, 239,1 25,5 248,7 247,7 243,4 261, 261,5 aleo S16 Kyocera KC 175 GHT-2 Schott Poly 165 Schott ASE 3, poly Romag SMT6(6)225 Tynsolar TYN-18 PC Sharp NT-17 (E1), Wuxi Shangpin SPSM-175D Jiangyin Jetion JT 175 (35) Yunnan Tianda TD 175 M5 ANTARIS AS M 175 AI ANTARIS ASM 18 AI Fig. 9: Supplied energy per module type, related to nominal kwp, order as in table above. 8

9 In fig. 1, the modules are shown according to their energy yield. energy yields in kwh per kwp [kwh/kwp] Time period: June 1st until July 31st energy yields in kwh per kwp [kwh/kwp] ,5 261, 259, 256,8 254,2 25,5 249,9 248,7 248, 247,7 243,4 239, ANTARIS ASM 18 AI ANTARIS AS M 175 AI aleo S16 Kyocera KC 175 GHT-2 Schott Poly 165 Sharp NT-17 (E1), Schott ASE 3, poly Wuxi Shangpin SPSM-175D Romag SMT6(6)225 Jiangyin Jetion JT 175 (35) Yunnan Tianda TD 175 M5 Tynsolar TYN-18 PC Fig. 1: Energy supplied per module type, related to nominal kwp, ranked according to energy yield. 4. Conclusion -The previous year s winner ANTARIS ASM 175, continued to show very strong performance and landed second place within a field of well-known manufacturers -the follow-up model ANTARIS ASM 18 claimed first place however, with only a paper-thin advantage. -remarkably, the leading modules were pretty close to each other. The Schott Solar Poly 165 was only 2.8 percentage point behind the leading module, which meant that it was still within the common tolerance range of (+/- 3%). -the model Tynsolar TYN-18 PC, which landed 12 th place, is missing 8.6 percentage points compared to first place. 9

10 5. Equipment Device: Manufacturer: Type: Inverter Mastervolt Soladin 6 Multimeter Voltcraft VC 82 Electricity Meter AEG Form J16 G Measuring Computer Dell Modell DHM Measuring Computer IP Ideas Plus TYP: 1242 S26 Software Microsoft VB 6. Software Microsoft Excel 23 Waldaschaff, 1/5/9 Qualified Engineer Eberhard Zentgraf Electrical Engineer TEC Institute for Technical Innovation GmbH & Co. KG 1