Period 22: Uses of Solar Energy

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1 Name Section Period 22: Uses of Solar Energy 22.1 Using Solar Energy 1) Energy from the Sun a) What is solar insolation? b) What is the average solar insolation in Columbus, OH, in the summer? What is the average solar insolation in Columbus in the winter? c) What factors affect how much insolation a given region receives? d) Which regions of the United States receive greater insolation? Why? e) Which regions of the Earth receive greater insolation? Why? 22.2 Factors Affecting Solar Insolation 2) Atmospheric influences a) Why is latitude a factor in the solar insolation received by a region? b) Why is altitude a factor in the solar insolation received by a region? c) Why is humidity a factor in the solar insolation received by a region? 1

2 3) Seasonal influences on solar insolation a) Place the light bulb in the center of your table so that it shines on the equator of the globe. Move the globe around the light bulb to simulate the Earth s seasons. (Hint: The direction that the axis of the globe points is important.) What causes the Earth s seasons? Is the distance of the Earth from the Sun a factor? 4) Positioning a solar collector a) Place the small brown square that represents a solar collector on the globe at Columbus, Ohio. Let the light bulb in the center of your table represent the sun shining on the collector. How should a solar collector be positioned in Columbus, Ohio, in the summer? b) How should a solar collector be positioned in Columbus, Ohio, in the winter? c) If a solar collector is moveable, how should it be moved throughout the day? d) Group Discussion Question: If a solar collector is moveable, how should it be positioned on a cloudy day? 5) Solar water heaters a) Your instructor will demonstrate a model solar water heater. What causes the water in this solar water heater to circulate? Is a pump needed to circulate water through the heater s tubes? Why or why not? b) Would it make economic sense to use a solar water heater in Ohio? 2

3 6) Light reflected from mirrors Your instructor will show you how to use the light box and plane mirror to determine the angle of reflection of light from a mirror. a) What is meant by the refraction of light? b) What could cause a light ray to be refracted? c) Shine light from the light box onto the surface of a curved mirror. Draw light beams on the diagrams below showing the path of the light reflected from the mirror. Which type of mirror focuses light? Concave Mirror Convex Mirror d) Shine light from the light box onto the surface of a concave and a convex lens. Draw light beams on the diagrams below showing the path of the light traveling through the lens. Which type of lens focuses light? Convex Lens Concave Lens 3

4 22.3 Uses of Solar Energy 7) Converting solar energy into thermal energy We will attempt to boil water in a metal cup using a mirror and the radiant energy from a spotlight. a) Why is the mirror concave? On the diagram, draw light rays to indicate the path light rays follow after striking the mirror. Concave Mirror b) Estimate where you should place the cup of water for maximum heat. Then check your estimate using a piece of paper to determine the focal point of the light. c) Group Discussion Question: Did the water in your cup start to steam or even come to a boil? Do you think this could be a practical method for converting radiant energy into thermal energy? 22.4 Solar Energy and Energy Efficient Buildings 8) Solar Energy and energy efficient homes a) Describe the features of an energy-efficient passive solar home. 4

5 Name Section Period 22 Exercises: Uses of Solar Energy 1) Using Solar Collectors Solar collectors can save homeowners money by warming water before that water is heated by an electric or gas hot water heater. How would you position such a solar collector where you live? a) What is the name of your hometown? b) What is the latitude of your hometown? c) At what angle would you position a solar collector in winter in your hometown? d) At what angle would you position a solar collector in summer? 2) Refraction of Light The bulb of a flashlight is surrounded by a shiny, cone-shape. Explain the purpose of this shape and why it is useful in a flashlight. Shiny cone shape 3) Homes Using Solar Energy Image the ideal home you would like to live in. Then describe at least 5 ways you could use solar energy in your home. Be specific. 5

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