Francesco Beretta (CNRS UMR5190 LARHRA Université de Lyon) The symogih.org project and TEI : encoding structured historical data in XML texts

Transcription

1 Text Encoding Initiative Conference and members' meeting 2015 Lyon, 30 October 2015 Francesco Beretta (CNRS UMR5190 LARHRA Université de Lyon) The symogih.org project and TEI : encoding structured historical data in XML texts

2 1. The symogih.org project's general research agenda 30/10/2015 2

3 1. The symogih.org project's general research agenda 2. Producing structured historical data: the symogih.org ontology 30/10/2015 3

4 1. The symogih.org project's general research agenda 2. Producing structured historical data: the symogih.org ontology 3. Encoding historical data in XML How it works? What is it good for? 30/10/2015 4

5 SyMoGIH : modular system for historical information management Project existing since About 50 scholars and students, and 15 research project, are currently using the collaborative database to store and share historical information 30/10/2015 5

6 1. The symogih.org project's general research agenda A collaborative and cumulative information system for storing historical data: produce, share, visualise and analyse stuctured historical data 30/10/2015 6

7 Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and 1610 Actr : Galilei, Galileo AbOb: Mathématiques CoAc: Université de Padoue Source : Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol /10/2015 7

8 SELECT DISTINCT as1.cle_objet_associe 'idacteur', as1.libelle_calcule_objet_associe 'nom', as2.cle_objet_associe 'idlieu', as2.libelle_calcule_objet_associe as 'lieu', as2.longitude as 'longi', as2.latitude as 'lat' FROM web_talker_symogih.vue_association as1, web_talker_symogih.vue_association as2, vues_bhp.acteurs_scholasticon acsc, web_talker_symogih.vue_association as3, web_talker_symogih.vue_information inf WHERE /* jointure*/ as1.cle_objet_associe = acsc.cfac AND as2.cle_etran_info = as1.cle_etran_info AND as3.cle_objet_associe = as1.cle_objet_associe AND inf.cle_info = as3.cle_etran_info /*selection*/ AND as1.cle_etran_tyro = 'TyRo40' AND as2.cle_objet_associe LIKE 'NaPl%' AND as3.cle_etran_tyro = 'TyRo12' AND inf.cle_etran_tyin = 'TyIn97' SQL queries to extract data corresponding to the research agenda of each project participant 30/10/2015 8

9 Nouveaux ordres Ordres monastiques Mendiants Dominicains Franciscains Jésuites /10/2015 9

10 30/10/

11 Project specific websites 30/10/

12 Project specific websites 30/10/

13 General symogih.org project websites 30/10/

14 30/10/

15 Use the web of data for historical research SPARQL endpoint B3Kat Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Kooperative Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg 30/10/

16 30/10/

17 symogih.org ontology Gian Garsia Mellini symogih:actr255 " " symogih:datation symogih:etre_nomme Nomination symogih:info93265 symogih:nommer symogih:destination symogih:actr288 Paul V symogih:soch370 Cardinal symogih:sourçage symogih:bibl1968 DBI, vol. 73 (2009),... 30/10/

18 SPARQL-endpoint: 30/10/

19 30/10/

20 2. Producing structured historical data: the symogih.org ontology 30/10/

21 The symogih.org generic data model : from index cards to a digital information system Knowledge units : atomized statements expressing relationships between objects 30/10/

22 Production of historical data: knowledge extraction from texts «In 1592, he [Galileo Galilei] moved to the University of Padua where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610» [ Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, 12 April 1615: «First, I say that it seems to me that Your Paternity and Mr. Galileo are proceeding prudently by limiting yourselves to speaking suppositionally and not absolutely, as I have always believed that Copernicus spoke» [The Galileo Affair. A Documentary History, ed. and translated by Maurice A. Finocchiaro, Berkeley e.a. University of California Press 1989, p. 67] 30/10/

23 «In 1592, he [Galileo Galilei] moved to the University of Padua where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610» [ «Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, 12 April 1615: First, I say that it seems to me that Your Paternity and Mr. Galileo are proceeding prudently by limiting yourselves to speaking suppositionally and not absolutely, as I have always believed that Copernicus spoke» [The Galileo Affair. A Documentary History, ed. and translated by Maurice A. Finocchiaro, Berkeley e.a. University of California Press 1989, p. 67] 30/10/

24 «In 1592, he [Galileo Galilei] moved to the University of Padua where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610» [ Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, 12 April 1615: «First, I say that it seems to me that Your Paternity and Mr. Galileo are proceeding prudently by limiting yourselves to speaking suppositionally and not absolutely, as I have always believed that Copernicus spoke» Expression of an opinion [The Galileo Affair. A Documentary History, ed. and translated by Maurice A. Finocchiaro, Berkeley e.a. University of California Press 1989, p. 67] 30/10/

25 «In 1592, he [Galileo Galilei] moved to the University of Padua where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610» [ Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, 12 April 1615: «First, I say that it seems to me that Your Paternity and Mr. Galileo are proceeding prudently by limiting yourselves to speaking suppositionally and not absolutely, as I have always believed that Copernicus spoke» Expression of an opinion [The Galileo Affair. A Documentary History, ed. and translated by Maurice A. Finocchiaro, Berkeley e.a. University of California Press 1989, p. 67] 30/10/

26 «In 1592, he [Galileo Galilei] moved to the University of Padua where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610» [ Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, 12 April 1615: «First, I say that it seems to me that Your Paternity and Mr. Galileo are proceeding prudently by limiting yourselves to speaking suppositionally and not absolutely, as I have always believed that Copernicus spoke» Expression of an opinion [The Galileo Affair. A Documentary History, ed. and translated by Maurice A. Finocchiaro, Berkeley e.a. University of California Press 1989, p. 67] 30/10/

27 «In 1592, he [Galileo Galilei] moved to the University of Padua where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610» [ Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, 12 April 1615: «First, I say that it seems to me that Your Paternity and Mr. Galileo are proceeding prudently by limiting yourselves to speaking suppositionally and not absolutely, as I have always believed that Copernicus spoke» Expression of an opinion [The Galileo Affair. A Documentary History, ed. and translated by Maurice A. Finocchiaro, Berkeley e.a. University of California Press 1989, p. 67] 30/10/

28 The symogih.org ontology 30/10/

29 DOLCE (Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering) «has a clear cognitive bias, in the sense that it aims at capturing the ontological categories underlying natural language and human common-sense» 30/10/

30 Endurants (continuants) are wholly present (i.e., all their proper parts are present) at any time they are present. Perdurants (occurrents) : entities that happen in time [DOLCE] 30/10/

31 CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) 30/10/

32 Dating and sourcing The issue of historical knowledge reliability : sourcing and historical criticism 30/10/

33 PREFIX PREFIX PREFIX PREFIX PREFIX sym: < syr: < viaf: < xsd: < rdf: < syr:info29659 symogih.org ontology rdf:type sym:information ; sym:hasknowledgeunittype syr:tyin14. # naissance sym:hascreator viaf: # Francesco Beretta sym:hascreationtimestamp " T14:55:33"^^xsd:dateTime. sym:haslastmodifier viaf: sym:haslastmodificationtimestamp " T13:09:25"^^xsd:dateTime. _:d1 rdf:type sym:dating ; sym:dates syr:info29659 ; sym:datetime " "^^xsd:date ; sym:datingtype syr:abob246 ; # date unique sym:datingcertainty 3. # certaine sym:hascreator [...] _:s1 rdf:type sym:sourcing ; sym:sources syr:info29659 ; sym:associatessourcingentity syr:bibl7144 ; # Dictionary of scientific biography sym:exactreference "t.7, p.289" ; sym:sourcingtype 3 ; # littéral sym:sourcingreliabilitydegree 3. # certain sym:hascreator [...] 30/10/

34 symogih.org ontology syr:info29659 rdf:type sym:information ; sym:hasknowledgeunittype syr:tyin14. # naissance sym:hascreator viaf: # Francesco Beretta sym:hascreationtimestamp " T14:55:33"^^xsd:dateTime. sym:haslastmodifier viaf: sym:haslastmodificationtimestamp " T13:09:25"^^xsd:dateTime. [...] syr:inro86726 rdf:type sym:role ; sym:iscomponentof syr:info29659 ; sym:associatesobject syr:actr195 ; # Kepler, Johannes sym:hasroletype syr:tyro40 ; # naître sym:associatedobjectidentificationcertainty 3 ; # certaine sym:hascreator [...] syr:inro86726 rdf:type sym:role ; sym:iscomponentof syr:info29659 ; sym:associatesobject syr:napl90073 ; # Weil der Stadt sym:hasroletype syr:tyro8 ; # localiser sym:associatedobjectidentificationcertainty 3 ; # certaine sym:hascreator [ ] 30/10/

35 Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and 1610 Actr : Galilei, Galileo AbOb: Mathématiques CoAc: Université de Padoue Source : Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol /10/

36 Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and /10/

37 The instances of the generic data model are defined collaboratively 30/10/

38 The definition of each instance ot the data model is publicly available 30/10/

39 «Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and 1610» [Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol. 51] 30/10/

40 «Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and 1610» A knowledge unit in form of structured data : But why shall we extract structured data from texts and not encode them directly in the text using TEI? 30/10/

41 3. Encoding historical data in XML using the symogih.org ontology How it works? What is it good for? <p corresp="info94542">in <date when="1592" ana="abob1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="actr161">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54">university of Padua</name> where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until <date when="1610" ana="abob256">1610</date>. </p> <p ana="tyin97">in <date when="1592" ana="abob1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="actr161" ana="tyro12">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54" ana="tyro21">university of Padua</name> where he taught <name ref="abob279" ana="tyro131">geometry</name>, <name ana="tyro131">mechanics</name>, and <name ref="abob239" ana="tyro131">astronomy</name> until <date when="1610" ana="abob256">1610</date>. </p> 30/10/

42 A section of the symogih.org user manual is dedicated to this encoding method (under test work in progress) A link to this section is to be found on inside the text of the Project presentation in English 30/10/

43 3.1 Encoding named entities «TEI in body (method A) Elements in the body of the TEI document point to an external ontology.» In our case : the symogih.org ontology Øyvind Eide, «Ontologies, Data Modeling, and TEI», Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative, Issue /10/

44 3.1 Encoding named entities <text xml:base=" <name ref="actr161">galileo Galilei</name> <rs ref="actr161">tuscan astronomer</rs> 30/10/

45 3.1 Encoding named entities 30/10/

46 3.1 Encoding named entities 30/10/

47 3.1 Encoding named entities 30/10/

48 3.1 Encoding named entities 30/10/

49 3.1 Encoding named entities 30/10/

50 3.2 Linking text portions to knowledge units <p corresp="info94542">in 1592, <rs ref="actr161">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54">university of Padua</name> where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610.</p> 30/10/

51 3.2 Linking text portions to knowledge units <p corresp="info94542">in 1592, <rs ref="actr161">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54">university of Padua</name> where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610.</p> 30/10/

52 3.2 Linking text portions to knowledge units <p corresp="info94542">in 1592, <rs ref="actr161">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54">university of Padua</name> where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610.</p> 30/10/

53 3.2 Linking text portions to knowledge units <p corresp="info94542">in 1592, <rs ref="actr161">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54">university of Padua</name> where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610.</p> 30/10/

54 3.2 Linking text portions to knowledge units Journal de Léonard Michon, éd. Rosemonde Letricot 30/10/

55 3.3.1 Encoding knowledge units in texts <text xml:base=" <name ref="actr161" ana="tyro12">galileo Galilei</name> <p ana="tyin97">in <date when="1592" ana="abob1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="actr161" ana="tyro12">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54" ana="tyro21">university of Padua</name> where he taught <name ref="abob279" ana="tyro131">geometry</name>, <name ana="tyro131">mechanics</name>, and <name ref="abob239" ana="tyro131">astronomy</name> until <date when="1610" ana="abob256">1610</date>. </p> 30/10/

56 3.3.1 Encoding knowledge units in texts <p ana="tyin97">in <date when="1592" ana="abob1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="actr161" ana="tyro12">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54" ana="tyro21">university of Padua</name> where he taught <name ref="abob279" ana="tyro131">geometry</name>, <name ana="tyro131">mechanics</name>, and <name ref="abob239" ana="tyro131">astronomy</name> until <date when="1610" ana="abob256">1610</date>. </p> 30/10/

57 3.3.1 Encoding knowledge units in texts <p ana="tyin97">in <date when="1592" ana="abob1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="actr161" ana="tyro12">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54" ana="tyro21">university of Padua</name> where he taught <name ref="abob279" ana="tyro131">geometry</name>, <name ana="tyro131">mechanics</name>, and <name ref="abob239" ana="tyro131">astronomy</name> until <date when="1610" ana="abob256">1610</date>. </p> 30/10/

58 Extracting data from TEI-symogih.org encoded texts 30/10/

59 3.3.1 Encoding knowledge units in texts <p ana="tyin97">in <date when="1592" ana="abob1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="actr161" ana="tyro12">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54" ana="tyro21">university of Padua</name> where he taught <name ref="abob279" ana="tyro131">geometry</name>, <name ana="tyro131">mechanics</name>, and <name ref="abob239" ana="tyro131">astronomy</name> until <date when="1610" ana="abob256">1610</date>. </p> Oxygen XML Author mode : 30/10/

60 3.3.1 Encoding knowledge units in texts <p ana="tyin97">in <date when="1592" ana="abob1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="actr161" ana="tyro12">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="coac54" ana="tyro21">university of Padua</name> where he taught <name ref="abob279" ana="tyro131">geometry</name>, <name ana="tyro131">mechanics</name>, and <name ref="abob239" ana="tyro131">astronomy</name> until <date when="1610" ana="abob256">1610</date>. </p> Oxygen XML Author mode : «In 1592, he [Galileo Galilei] moved to the University of Padua where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until 1610» [ 30/10/

61 3.3.2 Standoff encoding of knowledge units Corpus of biographical texts by Richard W. Westfall ( ) 30/10/

62 3.3.2 Standoff encoding of knowledge units 30/10/

63 3.3.2 Standoff encoding of knowledge units Text mining supported Knowledge Units extraction 30/10/

64 3.3.2 Standoff encoding of knowledge units Cleaning up the data 30/10/

65 3.3.2 Standoff encoding of knowledge units 30/10/

66 Thank you! symogih.org 30/10/