Radio Astronomy and the Future
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1 Radio Astronomy and the Future Masatoshi Ohishi (Na6onal Astronomical Observatory of Japan; Chairman of IUCAF) 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 1
2 What is IUCAF? 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 2
3 IUCAF IUCAF (The Scien6fic CommiPee on Frequency Alloca6ons for Radio Astronomy and Space Science) Established in 1960, sponsored by URSI, IAU and COSPAR, under ICSU Sector member of ITU (Interna6onal Telecommunica6on Union) à regular par6cipa6on to ITU mee6ngs to ensure the protec6on of radio frequencies allocated to astronomy and passive space sciences and minimize interference to these scien6fic observa6ons and measurements 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 3
4 IUCAF s place in the worldwide spectrum management circus IUCAF COSPAR CommiPee on Space Research IAU Interna6onal Astronomical Union URSI Interna6onal Union of Radio Science CORF CommiPee on Radio Frequencies (USA) CRAF CommiPee on Radio Astronomical Frequencies (EUR) RAFCAP Radio Astronomy Frequency CommiPee in the Asia- Pacific Region ICSU Interna6onal Council of Scien6fic Unions ITU Interna6onal Telecommunica6on Union RA Radiocommunica6on Assembly SG 7 Radiocommunica6on Study Group7 2012/09/21 WRC ITU Regional Seminar World Radiocommunica6on in Manta, Ecuador Conference 4
5 IUCAF in Action (in Geneva) 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 5
6 Future Radio Telescopes 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 6
7 ALMA (under construc6on in Chile) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array N. America/Europe/East Asia 30~950 GHz 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 7
8 ALMA aims to study l Formation and evolution of galaxies l After the Dark age l Emission from dust particles l Formation of Planetary Systems l Protoplanets, planetary disks l Search for other Earth s l Evolution of Molecules l Forest of Molecular lines l Molecules toward Life in the Universe 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 8
9 LOFAR foto, Assen MHz Radio interferometer under interna6onal collabora6on Phased array: mul6ple beams can be formed simultaneously Data produc6on: 240 Terabytes /day! 9
10 Square Kilometre Array (SKA) 1km 2 collec6ng area Aperture synthesis radio telescope 70 MHz ~ 10 GHz Comple6on ~2020?? Aus & S. Africa ASKAP & MeerKAT 1% SKA prototypes 10
11 Radio Quiet Zone 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 11
12 Why? - - Need for RQZ? RA systems extremely sensi6ve very suscep6ble to RFI RA allocated very liple spectrum (~2% at cm λλ) S6ll RFI from out- of- band (OoB) emissions RA operates over full radio spectrum RFI from radiocommunica6on services preven6on beper than cure RQZ is 1 st step of mi:ga:on 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 12
13 Where are the Quiet areas? RQZ - - prevent harmful (detrimental) RFI RFI mi6ga6on minimize harm may influence RQZ limits & area 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 13
14 Na6onal RQZ RQZ History Within an administra6on Sovereign rule can depart from ITU Regulate terrestrial services LiPle or no impact on satellite services Interna6onal RQZ Moon & L2 point 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 14
15 ALMA Quiet Zone - - Chile Central Quiet zone: 30 km radius, no transmipers in ALMA bands (variously 31 to 950 GHz) 120 km radius coordina:on zone AUI/ESO may comment on xmit applica6ons > 31 GHz, comply with 769 at site boundary < 31 GHz, limit on transmiper power Eirp such that pfd at ALMA border <2x10-6 W/m 2 Formal recogni6on is needed to avoid future changes in policy. Need to adver6se to the general public and poli6cians about radio astronomy and the need for radio quiet zone. 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 15
16 3 rd IUCAF Summer School May 31 June 4, 2010 Program Procedure and structure of ITU and regional regulatory bodies Radio receivers, spectrometers, propaga6on models Actual RFI cases Radio Quiet Zones hpp:// SSS2010/presenta6ons/ SS2010_presenta6ons.htm Summer School 2013 is planned in Chile 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 16
17 Summary IUCAF has been ac6ve in tackling RFI issues for the sustainability of the RAS. Many future RA projects are going on, which have much higher sensi6vi6es and data produc6on rates than before. RQZ could be a solu6on to protect future RA telescopes. 2012/09/21 ITU Regional Seminar in Manta, Ecuador 17
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