ngvla The Next Generation Very Large Array

Transcription

1 NATIONAL RADIO ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY ngvla Christopher Hales (Newcastle U.) UK SKA Science Community Workshop 7 September 2017 (with thanks to E. Murphy for slides)

2 A next genera*on VLA Scien&fic Fron&er: Thermal imaging at milli-arcsecond scale resolu&on Core Design Requirements Ø 10x effec(ve collec(ng area of JVLA and ALMA Ø 10x resolu(on of JVLA and ALMA Ø Frequency range: GHz Located in Southwest U.S. (NM+TX+?) & Mexico, building from JVLA site Low technical risk (reasonable step beyond current state of the art) heps://science.nrao.edu/futures/ngvla

3 Bridging SKA & ALMA Scien*fically Thermal Imaging on mas Scales at λ ~ 0.3cm to 3cm Terrestrial zone planet forma0on: 140pc Complementary suite from cm to submm arrays for the mid-21 st century < 0.3cm: ALMA 2030 superb for chemistry, dust, fine structure lines 0.3 to 3cm: ngvla ngvla superb for terrestrial planet forma&on, dense gas history, baryon cycling > 3cm: SKA superb for pulsars, reioniza&on, HI + con&nuum surveys

4 Current Reference Design Specifica*ons (ngvla Memo #17) m offset Gregorian (feed-low) Antennas Supported by internal cost-performance analysis Fixed antenna loca&ons across NM, TX, MX ~1000 km baselines being explored GHz; GHz Single-pixel feeds 6 feeds / 2 dewar package Short-spacing/total power array under considera&on Con&nuum Sensi&vity: 1cm, 10mas, 10hr => T B ~ 1.75K Line sensi&vity: 1cm/bm, 10 km/s, 1 => T B ~ 215K Band # Dewar Receiver Configura&on f L GHz f M GHz f H GHz f H : f L BW GHz 1 A B B B B B

5 The Southwest Array Loca&on: U.S. Southwest, Mexico Homogeneous array 214 x 18m, off-axis antennas 50% to core: b < 3 km => 1 at 30GHz 80% to mid: b < 30 km => % to long: b < 1000 km => km Nominal 18m homogeneous array - Consensus design - Challenge of tri-scale-array: Sensi&vity vs. resolu&on Op&ons - Reconfigura&on: not at loss of 18m antennas - Long baselines: con&nental 350 VLBI miles (expand VLBA) - Short baselines: [45m dish + FPA] or [6m array + 18m total power] - Commensal low frequency science (LWA-style, nglobo)

6 Developing the ngvla Science Case Community-Driven, Growing, and Evolving Numerous Science and Technical mee&ngs, star&ng from Jan 2015 AAS Ini&al Science Working Group reports covering 4 broad areas, Nov.2015 (hep://library.nrao.edu/ ngvla.shtml) Ø Cradle of Life: CoL (Isella et al): Terrestrial-zone planet forma&on, Massive Stars, etc. Ø Galaxy Ecosystems: GEco (Leroy et al): wide field, high resolu&on/sensi&ve imaging Ø Galaxy Forma6on: GFor (Casey et al): Dense gas history of the Universe Ø Time domain, Cosmology, and Physics: TdCP (Bower et al): Plasma physics, Exo-space weather, Strong Lensing 26 Community Design Studies in progress, par&ally funded by NRAO ( heps://science.nrao.edu/futures/ngvla/ngvla-community-studies-approved-programs) 75 Community-Led Science Use Cases Submiued for Reqs to Specs process (ngvla memo # 18) Consensus vision forming on key science

7 Ø Unveiling the Forma6on of Solar System Analogues ngvla Key Science Mission (ngvla memo #19) Ø Probing the Ini6al Condi6ons for Planetary Systems and Life with Astrochemistry Ø Char6ng the Assembly, Structure, and Evolu6on of Galaxies Over Cosmic Time Ø Using Pulsars in the Galac6c Center as Fundamental Tests of Gravity Ø Understanding the Forma6on and Evolu6on of Stellar and Supermassive BH s in the Era of Mul6-Messenger Astronomy Highly synergis6c with next-genera6on ground-based OIR and NASA missions. ngvla 100hr 25GHz 10mas Gas NGVLA ALMA Decarli = 13AU Isella Dust Model rms = 90nJy/bm = 1K HI + CO(1-0) CO(2-1)

8 Versa*lity: Remarkable breadth of Science Enabled by the ngvla Galac&c Center pulsars: tes(ng GR Gravita&onal Wave EM Follow-up Extrasolar Space Weather Burs&ng universe (FRB, GRB, TDE ) Low surface brightness HI, CO Obscured Black Hole Growth and AGN Physics Quasar-Mode Feedback and the SZ Effect Black hole masses and H o with Mega-Masers μas Astrometry: ICRF, Galac&c structure Solar system remote sensing: passive and ac&ve radar Spacecra} telemetry, tracking: movies from Mars

9 The Road to Astro 2020 & ngvla Goal: NRAO CoDR-level proposal to 2020 Decade Survey Compelling science program & defensibly costed design of all major elements Start Wed 9/14/ Nov Jan Mar May Sci '16 Case Capture '17 '17 '17 Mon 10/31/16 - Wed 5/30/17 Ref. Design First Draft Mon 10/31/16 - Fri 4/28/17 Community Study Development Mon 10/31/16 - Tue 8/15/17 Jul Sep Nov Sci '17 Book First '17 Draft '17 Thu 6/1/17 - Fri 12/1/17 Ref. Design 1.5 Draft Mon 5/15/17 - Fri 11/24/17 Jan Mar May Sci Book '18 Second '18 Draft '18 Mon 12/4/17 - Fri 6/15/18 Reference Design Second Draft Mon 11/27/17 - Tue 7/31/18 Jul Sep Nov Sci '18 Book Final '18 Draft '18 Mon 6/18/18 - Fri 12/14/18 Final Draft Tue 10/23/18 Jan Mar May ngvla '19 Astro2020 '19 Proposal '19 Sat 12/15/18 - Mon 7/1/19 Rev 1.5 Design Release 2nd Draft of Publish Rev 1 Design Docs 2020 Published Docs Sci Book 2023 Final Draft (TRL1) Fri 6/15/18 Published Design Docs Rev2 of Sci Fri 5/12/17 (TRL1) Release 1st Released for Book Submit Draft of Sci Fri 12/14/18 Review (TRL2) NOI Book Tue 7/31/18 Final Design Fri 1/11/19 Submit Fri 12/1/17 Pre-Proposal Review #1 Docs SWPs US Radio Futures Conference Complete #3 Published Pre-Proposal Review #2 Fri 2/15/19 Tue 10/23/18 Community Study Final Reports Complete Due Fri 9/28/18 Tue 8/15/ Submit RFIR1 Mon 4/1/19 Submit RFIR2 Mon 7/1/19 Finish Mon 7/1/19

10 Astrophysical Frontiers in the Next Decade: Planets, Galaxies, Black Holes, & the Transient Universe Workshop Boulder, CO USA June 26-29, 2018 Sponsored by the Na&onal Radio Astronomy Observatory, this conference will bring together a substan&al cross-sec&on of the astronomical community to discuss how to effec&vely address the highest priority astrophysical ques&ons of our &me, and will highlight how radio-millimetersubmillimeter capabili&es and research will drama&cally impact mul&-messenger astronomy in the coming decade. Plenary sessions will feature invited speakers, and three parallel sessions of contributed presenta&ons will address (1) Exoplanet and Protoplanetary Disk Origins, (2) Galaxy Evolu&on Mechanisms, and (3) Black Holes & Transient Phenomena. Each session will canvas recent observa&onal and theore&cal progress, address key unanswered ques&ons, and mo&vate future research direc&ons in the context of next-genera&on facili&es that would span the electromagne&c spectrum, including a Next Genera&on Very Large Array, the Large Synop&c Survey Telescope, 30mclass op&cal-infrared telescopes, the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravita&onal-Wave Observatory, and the Square Kilometre Array. SOC co-chairs Brenda Mauhews (NRC Cradle of Life) Caitlin Casey (UT Galaxy Evolu&on) Laura Chomiuk (MSU BHs and Transients) ngvla

11 Es&mated Price Tag (Internal Preliminary Cos&ng Exercise) Target construc&on baseline budget ~ (2016) $1.5B Target opera&ons budget of < (2016) $75M (< 3x current VLA) Ø Opera&ons, maintenance, compu&ng, archiving, etc.: op&mize as part of design Partnerships Ø Possible U.S. Mul&agency Interest [including VLBI op&on] o ICRF DOD/Navy, Air Force o Spacecra} tracking/imaging, `burst-telemetry (mission-cri&cal events) NASA, DOD o Space situa&onal awareness DOD Ø Strong Interna6onal Partnership cri6cal for success: Ø Current Interna&onal Involvement in SAC/TAC/Community Studies: o Canada, Mexico, Japan, Germany, Netherlands, Taiwan Ø Current Industrial Involvement through Community Studies: o REhnu Inc., Minex Engineering Corp, LaserLaB, Quantum Design

12 UK Involvement? UK has scien&fic and technical exper&se to strongly contribute An&cipated that ngvla will adopt an open skies policy Is this SKA-high? Ø Scien&fically in same direc&on. Lead to US par&cipa&on in SKA? Opportuni&es for UK involvement Ø Individuals and groups through SAC/TAC/Community Studies Ø Work packages currently being defined, way for partners to buy into ngvla Ø Eg receiver, correlator, configura&on, imaging simula&ons, long baselines Ø Build off emerlin upgrade as ngvla pathfinder? (Mike Garreu) Management of UK individual/group involvement needed/desired? Ø Resources?