The Development of the Herschel Mission

Transcription

1 30 Years of Innovation in Space Science - A Tribute to Professor Bruce Swinyard The Development of the Herschel Mission Göran Pilbratt, Herschel Project Scientist Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, 5-6 April 2016 Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #1

2 Launch on 14 May of 51 Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #2

3 Launch on 14 May 2009 sneak preview on June 2009 end of helium on 29 April 2013 last telecommand on 17 June 2013 now in parking orbit 3 of 51 Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #3

4 Scheduling movie I was using the final version with the original music: HerschelTheMovieOriginalMusicFinal.mp4 Public versions without music or with alternative music - can also be found on: /BuildingBlocks/Herschel_Movies Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #4

5 Herschel Science Archive All science data are public! Observing statistics Total successful HOTAC allocated ~23400 hr ~37,000 AORs + Routine science calibration ~2600 hr ~6600 AORs Science categories (HOTAC allocations) Galaxies/AGNs 6503 hr 28% Cosmology 5074 hr 22% ISM/SF 9044 hr 39% SSO 956 hr 4% Stars/SE 1899 hr 8% Total hr Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #5

6 Herschel in a nutshell Large warm telescope 3.5 m diameter aperture collecting area and resolution New spectral window ~ µm bridging the far infrared & submillimetre the cool universe Novel instruments wide area mapping in 6 colours imaging spectroscopy very high resolution heterodyne spectroscopy Science: the cool universe star formation & evolution near & far galaxy evolution over cosmic time ISM physics/chemistry our own solar system & IR excess provide 3 years of routine observing Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #6

7 Herschel & Planck implementation A limited number of major players Thales-F prime, overall responsible Astrium-D Herschel spacecraft responsible Thales-I service module responsible PI consortia instrument responsible (CFEs) ESA telescope responsible (also a CFE!) ESA customer Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #7

8 Herschel hardware Status & overview Herschel overview Herschel development System engineering Straylight Parallel mode Instrument Focal Plan Units Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #8

9 Herschel & Planck implementation A limited number of major players Thales-F prime, overall responsible Astrium-D Herschel spacecraft responsible Thales-I service module responsible PI consortia instrument responsible (CFEs) ESA telescope responsible (also a CFE!) ESA customer A large number of contributing players Industry ~130 contracts Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #9

10 Herschel & Planck implementation A limited number of major players Thales-F prime, overall responsible Astrium-D Herschel spacecraft responsible Thales-I service module responsible PI consortia instrument responsible (CFEs) ESA telescope responsible (also a CFE!) ESA customer A large number of contributing players Industry ~130 contracts SPIRE ~12 institutes in 6 countries PACS ~20 institutes in 6 countries HIFI ~28 institutes in 13 countries Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #10

11 Where Bruce formally fitted in A limited number of major players Thales-F prime, overall responsible Astrium-D Herschel spacecraft responsible Thales-I service module responsible PI consortia instrument responsible (CFEs) ESA telescope responsible (also a CFE!) ESA customer A large number of contributing players Industry ~130 contracts SPIRE ~12 institutes in 6 countries Bruce PACS ~20 institutes in 6 countries HIFI ~28 institutes in 13 countries Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #11

12 but in practice Bruce rose above the bits & pieces to the whole Certain important aspects cannot be dealt with in isolation You are depending on the output of what others do and they on what you do The system may not recognise, or may not be optimised to handle these types of activities & associated conflicts Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #12

13 but in practice Bruce rose above the bits & pieces to the whole Certain important aspects cannot be dealt with in isolation You are depending on the output of what others do and they on what you do The system may not recognise, or may not be optimised to handle these types of activities & associated conflicts He did not hesitate to put his finger on sore points He would see potential difficulties and point them out Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #13

14 but in practice Bruce rose above the bits & pieces to the whole Certain important aspects cannot be dealt with in isolation You are depending on the output of what others do and they on what you do The system may not recognise, or may not be optimised to handle these types of activities & associated conflicts He did not hesitate to put his finger on sore points He would see potential difficulties and point them out and he would do it in his way Direct and to the point Call an apple an apple no b-shit and with wit Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #14

15 Two Herschel examples Straylight Unwanted out-of-field-of-view radiation reaching detectors Design to suppress and verify Parallel mode Observing mode using both SPIRE & PACS instruments simultaneously to survey large areas of sky efficiently Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #15

16 Straylight Actors ESA requirements Prime final responsibility S/C resp responsible? ESA telescope provider Astrium-F telescope contractor PI teams instr designs Need optical design reqs not enough Need it timely Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #16

17 Straylight Actors ESA requirements Prime final responsibility S/C resp responsible? ESA telescope provider Astrium-F telescope contractor PI teams instr designs Need optical design reqs not enough Need it timely Bruce Unworkable! Need central authority Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #17

18 Straylight communication Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #18

19 Straylight communication Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #19

20 Straylight communication Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #20

21 Straylight outcome Straylight WG Operations preps Dec 2008 Mar 2009 ESA-led, all invited Start from industry work Additional ray tracing Koryo Okumura, PACS Marc Ferlet, SPIRE Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #21

22 Straylight outcome Straylight WG Operations preps Dec 2008 Mar 2009 ESA-led, all invited Start from industry work Additional ray tracing Koryo Okumura, PACS Marc Ferlet, SPIRE Predicting bad spots & associated outside-fov positions in the sky Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #22

23 Straylight outcome Straylight WG Start from industry work Additional ray tracing Koryo Okumura, PACS Marc Ferlet, SPIRE Predicting bad spots & associated outside-fov positions in the sky Tested during flight Jupiter in spot I Good but not perfect correspondence Used in mission planning few problems Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #23

24 Parallel mode Parallel mode Observing mode using both SPIRE & PACS instruments simultaneously to survey large areas of sky efficiently Implemented in face of widespread resistance Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #24

25 Parallel mode Parallel mode Observing mode using both SPIRE & PACS instruments simultaneously to survey large areas of sky efficiently Implemented in face of widespread resistance Extensively used Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #25

26 Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #26

27 Bruce RAL workshop 2016 Photo: Herschel ESLAB workshop May 2010 Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #27

28 Bruce RAL workshop 2016 Photo: Herschel ESLAB workshop May 2010 Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #28

29 #Pubs vs #calendar years after launch Herschel Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #29

30 Herschel science workshop 2013 Photo: Herschel ESLAB workshop May 2010 Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #30

31 Bruce thank you! Göran Pilbratt RAL 5 April 2016 vg #31