Introduction Core-collapse SN1987A Prospects Conclusions. Supernova neutrinos. Ane Anema. November 12, 2010
|
|
- Adrian Darcy Phelps
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Supernova neutrinos Ane Anema November 12, 2010
2 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Core-collapse 3 SN1987A 4 Prospects 5 Conclusions
3 Types of supernovae Figure: Classification (figure 15.1, Giunti)
4 Supernova rates Figure: Rates (figure 15.2, Giunti) Upper bound on supernovae in Milky Way 13 supernovae per century 90% CL.
5 Mass versus metallicity Figure: Supernovae type, mass and metallicity (figure 15.5, Giunti)
6 Interior structure of massive star Table: Burning phases for 15M star (table 15.2, Giunti) Phase Time scale (yr) H He C Ne O 2.58 Si Figure: Interior structure (figure 15.6, Giunti)
7 Collapse Iron core M c 1.26 M, R c 10 3 km, p c g cm 3, T c 1 MeV. 1 The iron core contracts. 2 Temperature of core increases, so 3 Electron capture γ + 56 Fe 13α + 4n 124 MeV. e + N (Z, A) N (Z 1, A) + ν e e + p n + ν e 4 Number of electrons in core decreases. Neutrinos are emitted.
8 Collapse Chandrasekhar limit The electron gas pressure must counteract gravity. M 5.83Y 2 e M where Y e = N p N p + N n 5 Fewer electrons implies lower Chandrasekhar limit. 6 Iron core collapses under gravitational pressure. 7 Photodissociation and electron capture rates increase. E ν MeV, L erg s L, E erg 10 3 M. 8 Neutrinos get trapped in inner core (10 11 g cm 3 ). 9 Nucleon gas halts collapse of inner core (10 14 g cm 3, t 1s).
9 Proto-neutron star Proto-neutron star Inner core has density g cm 3, radius 10 km. Outer core has density 10 9 g cm 3, radius 100 km.
10 Shock wave 10 Outward propagating shock wave arises (100km ms 1 ). 11 Nuclei are dissociated by shock wave. 12 Behind shock wave protons capture electrons. 13 Shock breakout (10 11 g cm 3 ). Release of neutrinos L erg s L, E erg 10 3 M, time scale: a few milliseconds. 14 Shock wave weakens by photodissociation.
11 Shock wave Scenarios Shock wave blows away outer layers of progenitor. Shock wave halts. Black hole due to accumulated mass. Shock wave stalls, but is revived by convection behind shock wave, oscillations of proto-neutron star, thermal neutrinos. Energy released during collapse Neutrinos carry away 99% of the erg of gravitational energy released.
12 Cooling phase Core of proto-neutron star has temperature of 40 MeV. Pair annihilation e + e + ν + ν Bremsstrahlung e ± + N e ± + N + ν + ν N + N N + N + ν + ν Plasmon decay γ ν + ν Photoannihilation γ + e ± e ± + ν + ν
13 Neutrinosphere Inner region of proto-neutron star is opaque to neutrinos. Neutrinosphere is outer region of proto-neutron star not opaque to neutrinos. Neutrinosphere depends on flavour and energy of neutrino. both ν e and ν e interact via charged and neutral current, other neutrinos only via neutral current. Radius of neutrinosphere about km. Opacities for ν e, ν e different due to few protons in outer core ν e + p n + e + ν e + n p + e
14 Simulations Figure: 1D simulation of supernova (figure 15.7, Giunti) E νe 10 MeV, E νe 15 MeV, E νx 20 MeV
15 Supernova in February 1987 Sanduleak in Large Magellanic Cloud is progenitor. type star: blue supergiant distance: 50.1 ± 3.1 kpc mass: 20M Type II supernova Neutrinos detected, by Kamiokande II Irvine-Michigan-Brookhaven Baksan Scintillator Telescope Figure: SN1987A in 1994 (NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope)
16 Kamiokande II Cherenkov detector 2000 metric ton of water 1000 photomultiplier tubes Most important reactions ν e + p n + e + ν e + e ν e + e. E (e ± ) PMT hits. Figure: Kamiokande II (figure 1, Hirata)
17 Measured events Figure: Hits versus time (figure 4e Hirata 1988) Set of events at 7:35:35 UT. Decay of 214 Bi causes most events with N hits 20. P µ P random 10 8 no other special events
18 Measured events Table: The 12 events (table II, Hirata) Time Energy Angle (s) (MeV) (deg) ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 39 Figure: Cross-section (fig. 14bc, Hirata)
19 Measured events Figure: Scatter plot (fig. 13, Hirata)
20 Comparison with theory Delayed explosion 100 more probable than prompt explosion. Average energy E νe 15 MeV. Neutrinos emitted N νe Energy emitted E = erg. Time scales accretion of mass t = 0.7 s, cooling phase t = 4 s
21 Neutrino mass Model independent Time-of-travel for massive particle depends on energy, this gives E T obs m E E D. Since D 50 kpc, E 15 MeV, E 15 MeV and T obs 12 s, the bound mass is m νe 30 ev. Model dependent Assuming a delayed supernova model gives m νe < 5.7 ev (95% CL).
22 Other properties Several other properties of neutrinos are constrained Lifetime of electron antineutrino τ νe m ν e E νe yr, Number of flavours N ν 6, Magnetic moment µ νe µ B, Charge radius of right-handed neutrinos r 2 R cm 2, Electric charge of electron neutrino q νe e.
23 Detectors able to detect supernova neutrinos Super-Kamiokande, SNO, LVD, KamLAND Expect 10 4 neutrinos in galactic supernova ν e mass limit at best 3 ev ν µ and ν τ mass limit at best 30 ev. SuperNova Early Warning System
24 Supernovae take place in time scale of ten seconds. Theory and experiment agree. Neutrinos crucial to explain supernovae neutrinos carry away most of the energy released, neutrinos allow to see inside the explosion. Supernovae important to study neutrinos.
25 Further reading K. S. Hirata et al. Observation in the kamiokande-ii detector of the neutrino burst from supernova sn1987a. Phys. Rev. D, 38(2): , Jul C. Giunti C.W. Kim. Fundamentals of Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics. Oxford University Press, K. Zuber. Neutrino Physics. Taylor & Francis, 2003.
Supernovae SN1987A OPERA Constraints on neutrino parameters. Supernova neutrinos. Ly Duong. January 25, 2012
January 25, 2012 Overview Supernovae Supernovae Supernova types Core collapse model Neutrino properties Detection of neutrinos Data and analysis Experiment results Comparison with results Possible neutrino
More informationSupernova Neutrinos in Future Liquid-Scintillator Detectors
Supernova Neutrinos in Future Liquid-Scintillator Detectors Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 9, China E-mail: liyufeng@ihep.ac.cn A high-statistics measurement of
More informationAstroparticle physics
Timo Enqvist University of Oulu Oulu Southern institute lecture cource on Astroparticle physics 15.09.2009 15.12.2009 Supernovae and supernova neutrinos 4.1 4 Supernovae and supernova neutrinos 4.1 Supernova
More informationNuclear Astrophysics
Nuclear Astrophysics II. Core-collapse supernovae Karlheinz Langanke GSI & TU Darmstadt Aarhus, October 6-10, 2008 Karlheinz Langanke ( GSI & TU Darmstadt) Nuclear Astrophysics Aarhus, October 6-10, 2008
More informationτ coll 10 V ff g cm 3 Core collapse triggered by K-captures, photodissociation 1000 km Collapse (only core inner ~1.5 MO) Free-fall 1010 g cm-3
Core collapse triggered by Collapse (only core inner ~1.5 MO) Free-fall K-captures, photodissociation 1000 km 1010 g cm-3 30 km nuclear dens. ~ 1014 g cm-3 Bounce Shock wave Nuclear repulsion Collapse
More informationLecture 16: Iron Core Collapse, Neutron Stars, and Nucleosynthesis * 235. Nuclear Binding Energy.
Nuclear Binding Energy Lecture 16: Iron Core Collapse, Neutron Stars, and Nucleosynthesis http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html Below iron can repack the nucleons into heavier nuclei and gain energy
More informationLecture 9: Supernovae
Lecture 9: Supernovae Senior Astrophysics 2018-03-28 Senior Astrophysics Lecture 9: Supernovae 2018-03-28 1 / 35 Outline 1 Core collapse 2 Supernova 3 SN 1987A 4 Next lecture Senior Astrophysics Lecture
More information14 Supernovae (short overview) introduc)on to Astrophysics, C. Bertulani, Texas A&M-Commerce 1
14 Supernovae (short overview) introduc)on to Astrophysics, C. Bertulani, Texas A&M-Commerce 1 The core-collapse of a supernova The core of a pre-supernova is made of nuclei in the iron-mass range A ~
More informationSupernova Neutrino Detectors: Current and Future. Kate Scholberg, Duke University June 24, 2005
Supernova Neutrino Detectors: Current and Future Kate Scholberg, Duke University June 24, 2005 OUTLINE Supernovae and the Neutrino Signal What We Will Learn Supernova Neutrino Detection Current SN ν Detectors
More informationLife of a High-Mass Stars
Life of a High-Mass Stars 1 Evolutionary Tracks Paths of high-mass stars on the HR Diagram are different from those of low-mass stars. Once these stars leave the main sequence, they quickly grow in size
More informationLecture 16: Iron Core Collapse, Neutron Stars, and Nucleosynthesis * 235. Nuclear Binding Energy.
Nuclear Binding Energy Lecture 16: Iron Core Collapse, Neutron Stars, and Nucleosynthesis http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html Below iron can repack the nucleons into heavier nuclei and gain energy
More informationA1199 Are We Alone? " The Search for Life in the Universe
! A1199 Are We Alone? " The Search for Life in the Universe Instructor: Shami Chatterjee! Summer 2018 Web Page: http://www.astro.cornell.edu/academics/courses/astro1199/! HW2 now posted...! So far: Cosmology,
More informationCosmological neutrinos. The neutrino sector. Elisa Bernardini Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (Zeuthen)
Cosmological neutrinos The neutrino sector Elisa Bernardini Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (Zeuthen) Lectures overview Lecture 1: A brief introduction / Neutrino masses / Supernova Neutrinos Lecture
More informationSpectrum of the Supernova Relic Neutrino Background
Spectrum of the Supernova Relic Neutrino Background Ken ichiro Nakazato (Tokyo University of Science) Numazu Workshop 2015, Sep. 1, 2015 Outline 1. Introduction Neutrino signal from supernovae Supernova
More informationThe role of neutrinos in the formation of heavy elements. Gail McLaughlin North Carolina State University
The role of neutrinos in the formation of heavy elements Gail McLaughlin North Carolina State University 1 Neutrino Astrophysics What are the fundamental properties of neutrinos? What do they do in astrophysical
More informationSearching for Supernova Relic Neutrinos. Dr. Matthew Malek University of Birmingham HEP Seminar 11 May 2011
Searching for Supernova Relic Neutrinos Dr. Matthew Malek University of Birmingham HEP Seminar 11 May 2011 Outline Introduction: A Brief History of Neutrinos Theory Supernova Neutrino Emission Supernova
More informationStellar Interior: Physical Processes
Physics Focus on Astrophysics Focus on Astrophysics Stellar Interior: Physical Processes D. Fluri, 29.01.2014 Content 1. Mechanical equilibrium: pressure gravity 2. Fusion: Main sequence stars: hydrogen
More informationUNO: Underground Nucleon Decay and Neutrino Observatory
UNO: Underground Nucleon Decay and Neutrino Observatory Clark McGrew NESS, Jan 2002 NESS 2002 McGrew p. 1 The UNO Concept Build on well-established techniques Explore broad range of physics Provide a general
More informationNeutrino June 29 th Neutrino Probes of Extragalactic Supernovae. Shin ichiro Ando University of Tokyo
Neutrino Workshop@ICRR June 29 th 2005 Neutrino Probes of Extragalactic Supernovae Shin ichiro Ando University of Tokyo 1. Introduction Core-Collapse Supernova and Neutrino Burst Gravitational binding
More informationIntroductory Astrophysics A113. Death of Stars. Relation between the mass of a star and its death White dwarfs and supernovae Enrichment of the ISM
Goals: Death of Stars Relation between the mass of a star and its death White dwarfs and supernovae Enrichment of the ISM Low Mass Stars (M
More informationNeutrinos and Supernovae
Neutrinos and Supernovae Introduction, basic characteristics of a SN. Detection of SN neutrinos: How to determine, for all three flavors, the flux and temperatures. Other issues: Oscillations, neutronization
More informationGalactic Supernova for neutrino mixing and SN astrophysics
Galactic Supernova for neutrino mixing and SN astrophysics Amol Dighe Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai NNN05, Aussois, France, April 7-9, 2005 Galactic Supernova forneutrino mixing and SN
More informationGravitational Waves from Supernova Core Collapse: What could the Signal tell us?
Outline Harald Dimmelmeier harrydee@mpa-garching.mpg.de Gravitational Waves from Supernova Core Collapse: What could the Signal tell us? Work done at the MPA in Garching Dimmelmeier, Font, Müller, Astron.
More informationCore Collapse Supernovae An Emerging Picture Stephen W. Bruenn
Core Collapse Supernovae An Emerging Picture Stephen W. Bruenn 19th Rencontres de Blois Matter and Energy in the Universe: from nucleosynthesis to cosmology Collaborators Anthony Mezzacappa John M. Blondin
More informationNeutrino Sources in the Universe
Crab Nebula Neutrino Sources in the Universe Georg G. Raffelt Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Where do Neutrinos Appear in Nature? Nuclear Reactors Sun Particle Accelerators Supernovae (Stellar
More informationStars with Mⵙ go through two Red Giant Stages
Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Death of Stars Nuclear reactions in small stars How stars disperse carbon How low mass stars die The nature of white dwarfs
More informationType II Supernovae Overwhelming observational evidence that Type II supernovae are associated with the endpoints of massive stars: Association with
Type II Supernovae Overwhelming observational evidence that Type II supernovae are associated with the endpoints of massive stars: Association with spiral arms in spiral galaxies Supernova in M75 Type
More informationNeutrino Oscillations in Core-Collapse Supernovae
Neutrino Oscillations in Core-Collapse Supernovae Meng-Ru Wu, Technische Universität Darmstadt Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts 2013 10/14/2013-11/15/2013 Neutrino Oscillations in Core-Collapse Supernovae
More informationSpontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Supernova Neutrinos
NOW 2014, 7 14 September Crab Nebula 2014, Otranto, Lecce, Italy Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Supernova Neutrinos Georg Raffelt, Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Some Developments since NOW
More informationHigh-energy neutrinos
High-energy neutrinos Stefan Roth December 5, 2005 Abstract In the last decades, the interest in neutrinos raised strongly, not only because of the solution of the solar neutrino problem. This report is
More informationFriday, April 29, 2011
Lecture 29: The End Stages of Massive Stellar Evolution & Supernova Review: Elemental Abundances in the Solar System Review: Elemental Abundances in the Solar System Synthesized by S and R-processes Review:
More informationUniversità degli Studi di Padova. Corso di Laurea in Fisica
Università degli Studi di Padova Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei Corso di Laurea in Fisica Search for Supernova Neutrinos with the JUNO detector. Laureando: Massimiliano Lincetto Relatore:
More informationSupernova events and neutron stars
Supernova events and neutron stars So far, we have followed stellar evolution up to the formation of a C-rich core. For massive stars ( M initial > 8 M Sun ), the contracting He core proceeds smoothly
More informationThe Evolution of High-mass Stars
The Evolution of High-mass Stars For stars with initial main-sequence mass greater than around 6M o the evolution is much faster and fundamentally different. 1M o 3M o 15M o 25M o 10 x 10 9 years 500 x
More informationThe Stars. Chapter 14
The Stars Chapter 14 Great Idea: The Sun and other stars use nuclear fusion reactions to convert mass into energy. Eventually, when a star s nuclear fuel is depleted, the star must burn out. Chapter Outline
More informationComparison of Neutrino Transport Approximations in Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations
Comparison of Neutrino Transport Approximations in Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations Sherwood Richers 1 Evan O Connor 2 Christian Ott 1 1 TAPIR, California Institute of Technology 2 CITA, University
More informationNeutrinos and Nucleosynthesis
Neutrinos and Nucleosynthesis The effect of neutrinos on nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae Franziska Treffert (Matrikelnummer: 2044556) Seminar zur Kernstruktur und nuklearen Astrophysik Prof.
More informationSovan Chakraborty. MPI for Physics, Munich
Neutrino Mass Hierarchy from Supernova Neutrinos Sovan Chakraborty MPI for Physics, Munich Outline Supernova (SN) as Neutrino Source Oscillation of SN Neutrinos Signatures of Neutrino Mass Hierarchy Conclusions
More informationAstronomy Ch. 21 Stellar Explosions. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Period: Date: Astronomy Ch. 21 Stellar Explosions MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) A surface explosion on a white dwarf, caused
More informationAstrophysical Nucleosynthesis
R. D. Gehrz ASTRO 2001, Fall Semester 2018 1 RDG The Chemical Evolution of the Universe 2RDG 1 The Stellar Evolution Cycle 3 RDG a v a v X X V = v a + v X 4 RDG reaction rate r n n s cm ax a X r r ( E)
More informationLecture 26. High Mass Post Main Sequence Stages
Lecture 26 Fate of Massive Stars Heavy Element Fusion Core Collapse Supernova Neutrinoes Gaseous Remnants Neutron Stars Mar 27, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 26 1 High Mass Post Main Sequence Stages For M(main
More informationDetectors for astroparticle physics
Detectors for astroparticle physics Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia marrodan@physik.uzh.ch Universität Zürich Kern und Teilchenphysik II, Zürich 07.05.2010 Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia (UZH) Detectors for astroparticle
More informationSupernova neutrinos and their implications for supernova physics
Supernova neutrinos and their implications for supernova physics Ken ichiro Nakazato (Tokyo University of Science) in collaboration with H. Suzuki(Tokyo U of Sci.), T. Totani, H. Umeda(U of Tokyo), K.
More informationPhysics HW Set 3 Spring 2015
1) If the Sun were replaced by a one solar mass black hole 1) A) life here would be unchanged. B) we would still orbit it in a period of one year. C) all terrestrial planets would fall in immediately.
More informationHigh Mass Stars. Dr Ken Rice. Discovering Astronomy G
High Mass Stars Dr Ken Rice High mass star formation High mass star formation is controversial! May form in the same way as low-mass stars Gravitational collapse in molecular clouds. May form via competitive
More informationSupernova neutrinos for neutrino mixing and SN astrophysics
Supernova neutrinos for neutrino mixing and SN astrophysics Amol Dighe Tata Institute of Fundamental Research TPSC Seminar, IMSc, Chennai, 23 February 2005 Supernova neutrinos forneutrino mixing and SN
More informationStars and their properties: (Chapters 11 and 12)
Stars and their properties: (Chapters 11 and 12) To classify stars we determine the following properties for stars: 1. Distance : Needed to determine how much energy stars produce and radiate away by using
More informationLife and Evolution of a Massive Star. M ~ 25 M Sun
Life and Evolution of a Massive Star M ~ 25 M Sun Birth in a Giant Molecular Cloud Main Sequence Post-Main Sequence Death The Main Sequence Stars burn H in their cores via the CNO cycle About 90% of a
More informationLecture 16: Iron Core Collapse, Neutron Stars, and Nucleosynthesis. Review. Review
Review Lecture 16: Iron Core Collapse, Neutron Stars, and Nucleosynthesis http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html Review 25 M Presupernova Star (typical for 9-130 M ) 1400 R 0.5 R H, He He 240,000 L C,O
More informationEvolution of Low-Mass stars M < 4 M sun No C Burning!
Evolution of Low-Mass stars M < 4 M sun No C Burning! C-O Core Envelope Ejection 0.1Myr Luminosity (L sun ) 10 6 10 4 10 2 1 10-2 10-4 C-O White Dwarf (forever) Asymptotic Giant Branch C-O core contraction,
More informationSupernova Explosions and Neutrinos
Supernova Explosions and Neutrinos Irene Tamborra Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen Folkeuniversitet i Kobenhavn Copenhagen, November 14-15, 2016 The nitrogen in our DNA, the calcium in our
More informationUser s Guide for Supernova Neutrino Database
User s Guide for Supernova Neutrino Database Ken ichiro Nakazato (Tokyo Univ. of Sci.) August 27, 2013 Abstract This is a guide for users of Supernova Neutrino Database for neutrino astronomy. 1 Introduction
More informationLow Energy Neutrinos from Black Hole - Accretion Disks
Low Energy Neutrinos from Black Hole - Accretion Disks Gail McLaughlin North Carolina State University General remarks about neutrinos from hot dense environments Detection of accretion disk neutrinos
More informationThe electrons then interact with the surrounding medium, heat it up, and power the light curve. 56 Ni 56 Co + e (1.72 MeV) half life 6.
Supernovae The spectra of supernovae fall into many categories (see below), but beginning in about 1985, astronomers recognized that there were physically, only two basic types of supernovae: Type Ia and
More informationFate of Stars. INITIAL MASS Final State relative to Sun s mass
Fate of Stars INITIAL MASS Final State relative to Sun s mass M < 0.01 planet.01 < M
More informationSupernovae represent the catastrophic death of certain stars. They are among the most violent events in the Universe,
Chapter 20 Supernovae Supernovae represent the catastrophic death of certain stars. They are among the most violent events in the Universe, They typically produce about 10 53 erg, with a large fraction
More informationSupernovae represent the catastrophic death of certain stars. They are among the most violent events in the Universe,
Chapter 14 Supernovae Supernovae represent the catastrophic death of certain stars. They are among the most violent events in the Universe, They typically produce about 10 53 erg, with a large fraction
More informationRecent advances in neutrino astrophysics. Cristina VOLPE (AstroParticule et Cosmologie APC, Paris)
Recent advances in neutrino astrophysics Cristina VOLPE (AstroParticule et Cosmologie APC, Paris) Flux (cm -2 s -1 MeV -1 ) 10 24 10 20 10 16 10 12 10 8 10 4 10 0 10-4 10-8 Neutrinos in Nature Cosmological
More informationStellar Explosions (ch. 21)
Stellar Explosions (ch. 21) First, a review of low-mass stellar evolution by means of an illustration I showed in class. You should be able to talk your way through this diagram and it should take at least
More informationNeutrinos and explosive nucleosynthesis
Neutrinos and explosive nucleosynthesis Gabriel Martínez-Pinedo Microphysics in computational relativistic astrophysics June 22, 2011 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Neutrino-matter interactions 3 Nucleosynthesis
More informationAy 1 Lecture 8. Stellar Structure and the Sun
Ay 1 Lecture 8 Stellar Structure and the Sun 8.1 Stellar Structure Basics How Stars Work Hydrostatic Equilibrium: gas and radiation pressure balance the gravity Thermal Equilibrium: Energy generated =
More information20. Stellar Death. Interior of Old Low-Mass AGB Stars
20. Stellar Death Low-mass stars undergo three red-giant stages Dredge-ups bring material to the surface Low -mass stars die gently as planetary nebulae Low -mass stars end up as white dwarfs High-mass
More informationNeutrino Physics: an Introduction
Neutrino Physics: an Introduction Lecture 3: Neutrinos in astrophysics and cosmology Amol Dighe Department of Theoretical Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai SERC EHEP School 2017 NISER
More informationThis is a repository copy of Astroparticle Physics in Hyper-Kamiokande.
This is a repository copy of Astroparticle Physics in Hyper-Kamiokande. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/1304/ Version: Submitted Version Article: Migenda,
More informationThe Life Cycles of Stars. Modified from Information provided by: Dr. Jim Lochner, NASA/GSFC
The Life Cycles of Stars Modified from Information provided by: Dr. Jim Lochner, NASA/GSFC Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star... What do you see? How I Wonder What You Are... Stars have: Different Colors -
More informationPotential of the large liquid-scintillator detector LENA in particle and astrophysics
Potential of the large liquid-scintillator detector LENA in particle and astrophysics Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia tmarroda@ph.tum.de Institut E15 Physik-Department Technical University of Munich DPG Teilchenphysik
More informationStars: Their Life and Afterlife
The 68 th Compton Lecture Series Stars: Their Life and Afterlife Lecture 3: The Life and Times of Low Mass Stars Brian Humensky, lecturer http://kicp.uchicago.edu/~humensky/comptonlectures.htm October
More informationSpecial Contribution Observation of Neutrinos at Super-Kamiokande Observatory
Special Contribution Observation of Neutrinos at Super-Kamiokande Observatory Yoshinari Hayato Associate Professor Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 1. Introduction Neutrinos are
More informationCh. 29 The Stars Stellar Evolution
Ch. 29 The Stars 29.3 Stellar Evolution Basic Structure of Stars Mass effects The more massive a star is, the greater the gravity pressing inward, and the hotter and more dense the star must be inside
More informationAstro 1050 Fri. Apr. 10, 2015
Astro 1050 Fri. Apr. 10, 2015 Today: Continue Ch. 13: Star Stuff Reading in Bennett: For Monday: Finish Chapter 13 Star Stuff Reminders: Ch. 12 HW now on Mastering Astronomy, due Monday. Ch. 13 will be
More informationComparing a Supergiant to the Sun
The Lifetime of Stars Once a star has reached the main sequence stage of it life, it derives its energy from the fusion of hydrogen to helium Stars remain on the main sequence for a long time and most
More informationNeutrinos and Nucleosynthesis from Black Hole Accretion Disks. Gail McLaughlin North Carolina State University
Neutrinos and Nucleosynthesis from Black Hole Accretion Disks Gail McLaughlin North Carolina State University 1 Neutrino Astrophysics What do neutrinos do in astrophysical environments? What do neutrinos
More informationStar Death ( ) High Mass Star. Red Supergiant. Supernova + Remnant. Neutron Star
Star Death High Mass Star Red Supergiant A star with mass between 8 M and 20 M will become a red supergiant and will subsequently experience a supernova explosion. The core of this star will have a mass
More informationChapter 7 Particle physics in the stars
Chapter 7 Particle physics in the stars Stellar evolution 1. Early stage - protostar. Hydrogen burning. Helium burning 4. Production of heavy elements 5. Electron degenerary pressure and stellar stability
More informationNeutrinos and the Universe
Neutrinos and the Universe Susan Cartwright University of Sheffield Neutrinos and the Universe Discovering neutrinos Detecting neutrinos Neutrinos and the Sun Neutrinos and Supernovae Neutrinos and Dark
More informationGAMMA-RAY LIMIT ON AXION-LIKE PARTICLES FROM SUPERNOVAE. Alessandro MIRIZZI University of BARI & INFN BARI, Italy
GAMMA-RAY LIMIT ON AXION-LIKE PARTICLES FROM SUPERNOVAE Alessandro MIRIZZI University of BARI & INFN BARI, Italy OUTLINE Introduction to SN & ALPs ALPs bound from SN 1987A [Payez, Evoli, Fischer, Giannotti,
More informationOutline. Stellar Explosions. Novae. Death of a High-Mass Star. Binding Energy per nucleon. Nova V838Mon with Hubble, May Dec 2002
Outline Novae (detonations on the surface of a star) Supernovae (detonations of a star) The Mystery of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) Sifting through afterglows for clues! Stellar Explosions Novae Nova V838Mon
More informationChapter 6: Stellar Evolution (part 2): Stellar end-products
Chapter 6: Stellar Evolution (part 2): Stellar end-products Final evolution stages of high-mass stars Stellar end-products White dwarfs Neutron stars and black holes Supernovae Core-collapsed SNe Pair-Instability
More informationSupernovae and Neutrino Elastic Scattering. SN1998S, April 2, 1998 (8 SCT homemade CCD) Trento, June, 2003
Supernovae and Neutrino Elastic Scattering SN1998S, April 2, 1998 (8 SCT homemade CCD) Trento, June, 2003 Keywords (Prof. Fujita) Weak magnetism corrections to the β decay of supernovae as observed via
More informationGADZOOKS! project at Super-Kamiokande
GADZOOKS! project at Super-Kamiokande M.Ikeda (Kamioka ICRR, U.of Tokyo) for Super-K collaboration 2015,6,9@WIN2015 Contents GADZOOKS! project Supernova Relic Neutrino search R&D status and Plan Summary
More informationOrigin of Elements OUR CONNECTION TO THE STARS
Origin of Elements OUR CONNECTION TO THE STARS The smallest piece of an element is a single atom. What makes an atom of one element different from an atom of another element? Atoms are made of: Atoms and
More informationSolar Neutrinos & MSW Effect. Pouya Bakhti General Seminar Course Nov IPM
Solar Neutrinos & MSW Effect Pouya Bakhti General Seminar Course Nov. 2012 - IPM Outline Introduction Neutrino Oscillation Solar Neutrinos Solar Neutrino Experiments Conclusions Summary Introduction Introduction
More informationAnalysis of the SN1987A two-stage explosion hypothesis with account for the MSW neutrino flavour conversion.
Analysis of the SN1987A two-stage explosion hypothesis with account for the MSW neutrino flavour conversion. Oleg Lychkovskiy a,b a Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics arxiv:0707.2508v2
More informationThe Ledoux Criterion for Convection in a Star
The Ledoux Criterion for Convection in a Star Marina von Steinkirch, steinkirch@gmail.com State University of New York at Stony Brook August 2, 2012 Contents 1 Mass Distribution and Gravitational Fields
More informationCompton Lecture #4: Massive Stars and. Supernovae. Welcome! On the back table:
Compton Lecture #4: Massive Stars and Welcome! On the back table: Supernovae Lecture notes for today s s lecture Extra copies of last week s s are on the back table Sign-up sheets please fill one out only
More informationBlack Holes ASTR 2110 Sarazin. Calculation of Curved Spacetime near Merging Black Holes
Black Holes ASTR 2110 Sarazin Calculation of Curved Spacetime near Merging Black Holes Test #2 Monday, November 13, 11-11:50 am Ruffner G006 (classroom) Bring pencils, paper, calculator You may not consult
More informationSN1987A before(right) and during the explosion. Supernova Explosion. Qingling Ni
SN1987A before(right) and during the explosion Supernova Explosion Qingling Ni Overview Core-Collapse supernova (including Type II supernova) -Mechanism: collapse+rebound Type Ia supernova -Mechanism:
More informationSupernova Neutrinos Georg Raffelt, MPI Physics, Munich 2nd Schrödinger Lecture, University Vienna, 10 May 2011
Supernova Neutrinos Supernova Neutrinos Physics Opportunities with Supernova Neutrinos Georg Raffelt, Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Sanduleak -69 202 Sanduleak -69 202 Tarantula Nebula Large
More informationFate of Stars. INITIAL MASS Final State relative to Sun s mass
Fate of Stars INITIAL MASS Final State relative to Sun s mass M < 0.01 planet.01 < M
More informationAbundance of Elements. Relative abundance of elements in the Solar System
Abundance of Elements Relative abundance of elements in the Solar System What is the origin of elements in the universe? Three elements formed in the first minutes after the big bang (hydrogen, helium
More informationHow to Measure the Charge of Neutrinos
How to Measure the Charge of Neutrinos Group 11 Lingjun Fu Michelle Mesquita de Medeiros Richa Sharma LIGHT AT THE END OF THE TUNNEL IT S THE SUN! CONES Charge Of Neutrino Experiment/Search Introduction
More informationNeutrinos and Nucleosynthesis
Neutrinos and Nucleosynthesis The effect of neutrinos on nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae by Franziska Treffert [1] 25.05.2016 Seminar Kernstruktur und nukleare Astrophysik Neutrinos and Nucleosynthesis
More informationThe Sun Closest star to Earth - only star that we can see details on surface - easily studied Assumption: The Sun is a typical star
The Sun Closest star to Earth - only star that we can see details on surface - easily studied Assumption: The Sun is a typical star Why is the Sun hot and bright? Surface Temperature of the Sun: T =
More informationHigh Energy Astrophysics
High Energy Astrophysics Supernovae and their Remnants 1/2 Giampaolo Pisano Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics - University of Manchester giampaolo.pisano@manchester.ac.uk March 2012 Supernovae and their
More informationSTELLAR DEATH, AND OTHER THINGS THAT GO BOOM IN THE NIGHT. Kevin Moore - UCSB
STELLAR DEATH, AND OTHER THINGS THAT GO BOOM IN THE NIGHT Kevin Moore - UCSB Overview Stellar evolution basics! Fates of stars related to their mass! Mass transfer adds many possibilities Historical supernovae
More informationLate stages of stellar evolution for high-mass stars
Late stages of stellar evolution for high-mass stars Low-mass stars lead a relatively peaceful life in their old age: although some may gently blow off their outer envelopes to form beautiful planetary
More informationarxiv: v1 [astro-ph.im] 27 May 2012
Supernova Neutrino Detection Kate Scholberg Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA; email: schol@phy.duke.edu arxiv:1205.6003v1 [astro-ph.im] 27 May 2012 A core-collapse supernova
More informationConceptos generales de astrofísica
Tema 14 Conceptos generales de astrofísica Asignatura de Física Nuclear Curso académico 2009/2010 Universidad de Santiago de Compostela 1 1. Nuclear Astrophysic s domain Nuclear Astrophysics is a relatively
More informationNeutrino sources. Atmospheric neutrinos Solar neutrinos Supernova neutrinos High energy neutrino sources Cosmic neutrino background
Neutrino sources Natural sources: Atmospheric neutrinos Solar neutrinos Supernova neutrinos High energy neutrino sources Cosmic neutrino background Artificial sources Accelerator neutrinos Reactor neutrinos
More informationEvolution of High Mass Stars
Luminosity (L sun ) Evolution of High Mass Stars High Mass Stars O & B Stars (M > 4 M sun ): Burn Hot Live Fast Die Young Main Sequence Phase: Burn H to He in core Build up a He core, like low-mass stars
More information