PAX. EXperiments) SPIN Physics at GSI. (Polarized. Antiproton. Spokespersons: Paolo Lenisa Frank Rathmann

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1 PAX (Polarized Antiproton EXperiments) SPIN Physics at GSI Spokespersons: Paolo Lenisa Frank Rathmann

2 Outline WHY? HOW? WHERE? WHAT? WHEN? Physics Case Polarized Antiprotons FAIR Project at Darmstadt Transversity Measurement Time Schedule Conclusion

3 Central Physics Issue Transversity distribution of the nucleon: last leading-twist missing piece of the QCD description of the partonic structure of the nucleon directly accessible uniquely via the double transverse spin asymmetry A TT in the Drell-Yan production of lepton pairs theoretical expectations for A TT in DY, 30-40% transversely polarized antiprotons transversely polarized proton target definitive observation of h 1q (x,q ) of the proton for the valence quarks

averaged (well known) q(x) helicity diff.

4 Leading Twist Distribution Functions Probabilistic interpretation in helicity base: quark proton quark proton f 1 (x) g 1 (x) h 1 (x) R R + 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ R R - L L L L 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ R L 1/ -1/ q(x) spin averaged (well known) q(x) helicity diff. (known) No probabilistic interpretation in the helicity base (off diagonal) Transversity base u = 1/ (u R + u L ) u = 1/ (u R -u L ) - δq(x) helicity flip (unknown)

Transversity Properties: - Probes relativistic nature of quarks - No gluon analog for spin-1/ nucleon - Different Q evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark

5 Transversity Properties: - Probes relativistic nature of quarks - No gluon analog for spin-1/ nucleon - Different Q evolution than q - Sensitive to valence quark polarization Chiral-odd: requires another chiral-odd partner p p l + l - X ep e h X Impossible in DIS Direct Measurement Indirect Measurement: Convolution with unknown fragment. fct.

6 Transversity in Drell-Yan processes Polarized Antiproton Beam Polarized Proton Target (both transversely polarized) Q l + Q T l - Q =M p Q L p q q e h (x,m )h (x, M ) q A dσ dσ q TT = â TT dσ + dσ e q(x,m )q(x,m ) q q 1 q = u, u,d, d,... M invariant Mass of lepton pair

7 Other Topics Single-Spin Asymmetries Electromagnetic Form Factors Hard Scattering Effects Soft Scattering Low-t Physics Total Cross Section pbar-p interaction

8 Proton Electromagnetic Formfactors Measurement of relative phases of magnetic and electric FF in the time-like region Possible only via SSA in the annihilation pp e + e - A y = τ = q E M [( 1+ cos ( θ) ) G + sin ( θ) G / τ] 0.4 / 4m p sin(θ) Im(G M * G ) E τ Double-spin asymmetry independent G E -G m separation test of Rosenbluth separation in the time-like region Polarization P y (for θ = 45 ) /Q fit (log Q )/Q fit impr. (log Q )/Q fit IJL fit S. Brodsky et al., Phys. Rev. D69 (004) q (GeV )

9 Study onset of Perturbative QCD p p pp p (GeV/c) Pure Meson Land Meson exchange excitation NN potential models High Energy small t: Reggeon Exchange large t: perturbative QCD Transition Region Uncharted Territory Huge Spin-Effects in pp elastic scattering large t: non- and perturbative QCD

10 pp elastic scattering from ZGS Spin-dependence at large-p (90 cm ): Hard scattering takes place only with spins. T=10.85 GeV Similar studies in pp elastic scattering at PAX D.G. Crabb et al., PRL 41, 157 (1978)

11 Outline WHY? HOW? WHERE? WHAT? WHEN? Physics Case Polarized Antiprotons FAIR Project at Darmstadt Transversity Measurements Time Schedule Conclusion

12 Spin Filter Method σ tot = σ 0 + σ P Q + σ (P k)(q k) P beam polarization Q target polarization k beam direction For initially equally populated spin states: (m=+½) and (m=-½) transverse case: longitudinal case: σ tot± = σ 0 ± σ Q σ tot± = σ 0 ± ( σ + σ ) Q τ I I beam τ + pol = ( σ = (t) = (t) = σ 0 pol 1 + σ ) d I0 e I0 e τ τ c 1 Q d t beam t t beam f t rev e e f τ + τ rev t pol t pol P(t) I(t) Time dependence of P and I = = I I I I I + I = = t tanh τpol t τbeam I 0 e cosh t τ pol

13 199 Filter Test at HD-TSR with protons

14 Experimental Results from Filter Test Experimental Setup Results T=3 MeV F. Rathmann. et al., PRL 71, 1379 (1993) Low energy pp scattering σ 1 <0 σ tot+ <σ tot- Expectation Target Beam

15 Puzzle from FILTEX Test Observed polarization build-up: dp/dt = ± (1.4 ± 0.06) x 10 - h -1 Expected build-up: P(t)=tanh(t/τ pol ), 1/τ pol =σ 1 Qd t f=.4x10 - h -1 about factor larger! σ 1 = 1 mb (pp phase shifts) Q = 0.83 ± 0.03 d t = (5.6 ± 0.3) x cm - f = MHz Three distinct effects: 1. Selective removal through scattering beyond Ψ acc =4.4 mrad σ R =83 mb. Small angle scattering of target protons into ring acceptance σ S =5 mb 3. Spin transfer from polarized electrons of the target atoms to the stored protons σ EM =70 mb (-) Horowitz & Meyer, PRL 7, 3981 (1994) H.O. Meyer, PRE 50, 1485 (1994)

16 Spin Transfer from Electrons to Protons p + e p + ( 1+ λ ) p me ν α ln( pa ) 1 4πα 0 σem = C0 sin p mp α ν σem = σ EM e Horowitz & Meyer, PRL 7, 3981 (1994) H.O. Meyer, PRE 50, 1485 (1994) α λ p =(g-)/=1.793 m e, m p p a 0 C 0 =πη/[exp(πη)-1] η=zα/ν v z fine structure constant anomalous magnetic moment rest masses cm momentum Bohr radius Coulomb wave function Coulomb parameter (negative for antiprotons) relative lab. velocity between p and e beam charge number

17 Exploitation of Spin Transfer PAX will employ spin-transfer from polarized electrons of the target to antiprotons p + e p + e (QED Process: calculable) Hydrogen gas target: 1+ in strong field (300 mt) σ EM (mb) Atomic Electrons σ EM = σ EM 600 P e =0.993 P z = Pure Electrons T (MeV)

18 σ EM = Dedicated Antiproton Polarizer (AP) σ EM Q B Injectionp Siberian Snake Siberian Snake HESR e-cooler Electron Cooler ABS ABS AP AP 150 m Extraction Extraction e-cooler Electron Cooler 440 m Internal Experiment Experiment Polarizer Target Polarizer Target β=0. m d b =ψ acc β d t =d t (ψ acc ) q= s -1 l b =40 cm (= β) T=100 K d f =1 cm, l f =15 cm Longitudinal Q (300 mt) Polarization Buildup in AP parallel to measurement in HESR F. Rathmann et al., physics/ (acc. by PRL)

19 Beam lifetimes in the AP Beam Lifetime τ beam (T, Ψ acc ) = ( σ C (T, Ψ acc ) + σ 0 1 (T)) d t ( Ψ acc ) f rev (T) Coulomb Loss σ (T, Ψ ) = Total Hadronic σ (T) = σ (T) 0 C acc tot pp θ θ max min dσ dω Ruth. dω = 4πα (s(t) m s(t) p ) 4m (s(t) 4m p p ) 1 ψ acc s(t) 4m p beam lilfetime τ beam (h) ψ acc (mrad) T (MeV)

Beam Polarization Beam Polarization P( τ beam ) 0.

20 Beam Polarization Beam Polarization P( τ beam ) Ψ acc =50 mrad EM only T (MeV) Filter Test: T = 3 MeV Ψ acc =4.4 mrad Buildup in HESR (800 MeV)

21 Polarization Buildup: Optimum Interaction Time statistical error of a double polarization observable (A TT ) δ A TT 1 = P Q N (N ~ I) Measuring time t to achieve a certain error δ ATT ~ FOM = P I Optimimum time for Polarization Buildup given by maximum of FOM(t) t filter = τ beam I/I Beam Polarization t/τ beam

Optimum Beam Energies for Buildup in AP Maximum FOM FOM 15 AP Space charge limit ψ acc = 50 mrad Ψ acc (mrad) 10 0 30 Τ beam (h) 1.

22 Optimum Beam Energies for Buildup in AP Maximum FOM FOM 15 AP Space charge limit ψ acc = 50 mrad Ψ acc (mrad) Τ beam (h) P( τ beam ) T (MeV) mrad mrad 0 mrad 10 mrad T (MeV)

Space-Charge Limitation in the AP Before filtering starts: N real = 10 7 s -1 τ beam 10 13 N ind.

23 Space-Charge Limitation in the AP Before filtering starts: N real = 10 7 s -1 τ beam N ind N real ψ acc = 50 mrad 40 mrad 30 mrad 0 mrad 10 mrad 10 mrad T (MeV)

24 Transfer from AP to HESR and Accumulation B Injectionp Siberian Snake Siberian Snake HESR e-cooler Electron Cooler ABS ABS AP AP 150 m Extraction Extraction COSY e-cooler Electron Cooler 440 m Internal Experiment Experiment Polarizer Target Polarizer Target

Accumulation of Polarized Beam in HESR PIT: d t =7. 10 14 atoms/cm τ HESR =11.

25 Accumulation of Polarized Beam in HESR PIT: d t = atoms/cm τ HESR =11.5 h N pbar mrad 0 mrad 30 mrad 40 mrad 50 mrad Number accumulated in equilibrium independent of acceptance N p 7 10 p / s = τ e 10 = HESR No Depolarization in HESR during energy change t (h)

26 Performance of Polarized Internal Targets HERMES: Stored Positrons PINTEX: Stored Protons D z Longitudinal Field (B=335 mt) P T = ± 0.08 H HERMES D zz Fast reorientation in a weak field (x,y,z) H Transverse Field (B=97 mt) P T = ± HERMES Targets work very reliably (many months of stable operation)

27 Estimated Luminosity for Double Polarization Polarized Internal Target in HESR L= d t x f rev x N pbar d t = areal density f rev = revolution frequency N pbar = number of pbar stored in HESR In equilibrium: L = p / s = e σ tot = cm s Q target = 0.85 P beam = 0.3 σ tot (15 GeV) = 50 mb 1 (factor >70 in measuring time for A TT with respect to beam extracted on solid target)

28 How about a Pure Polarized Electron Target? Maxiumum σ EM for electrons at rest: (675 mb,t opt = 6. MeV): Gainfactor ~15 over atomic e - in a PIT σ EM (mb) Atomic Electrons σ EM = σ EM 600 Density of an Electron-Cooler fed by 1 ma DC polarized electrons: I e = e/s A=1 cm l=5 m d t = I e l (β c A) -1 = cm Pure Electrons T (MeV) Electron target density by factor ~10 6 smaller, no match for a PIT (>10 14 cm - )

29 Outline WHY? HOW? WHERE? WHAT? WHEN? Physics Case Polarized Antiprotons FAIR Project at Darmstadt Transversity Measurement Time Schedule Conclusion

30 Facilty for Antiproton and Ion Research (GSI, Darmstadt, Germany) -Proton linac (injector) - synchrotons (30 GeV p) -A number of storage rings Parallel beams operation

31 The FAIR project at GSI 50 MeV Proton Linac SIS100/300 HESR: High Energy Storage Ring: PANDA (and PAX) CR-Complex NESR FLAIR: (Facility for very Low energy Antiprotons and fully stripped Ions)

32 The Antiproton Facility SIS100/300 HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) Length 44 m Bρ = 50 Tm N = 5 x antiprotons HESR High luminosity mode Luminosity = x 10 3 cm - s -1 p/p ~ 10-4 (stochastic-cooling) CR Super FRS High resolution mode p/p ~ 10-5 (8 MV HE e-cooling) Luminosity = cm - s -1 Antiproton Production Target NESR Antiproton production similar to CERN Production rate 10 7 /sec at 30 GeV T = GeV/c ( GeV) Gas Target and Pellet Target: cooling power determines thickness Beam Cooling: e - and/or stochastic MV prototype e-cooling at COSY

33 LoI s for Spin Physics at FAIR SIS100/300 External: ASSIA Extracted beam on PET (Compass-like) Internal: PAX in HESR Polarized antiprotons + PIT

34 Evaluation by QCD Program Advisory Committee (July 004) STI Report: Your LoI has convinced the QCD-PAC a) that Polarization must be included into the design of FAIR from the beginning, and b)that the presently proposed scheme is not optimized as to the physics. You [ ] are invited and encouraged to design a world-class facility with unequalled degree of polarization of antiprotons. Common Report: [ ] The PAC considers the spin physics of extreme interest and the building of an antiproton polarized beam as a unique possibility for the FAIR Project. [ ] The unique physics opportunities, made possible with polarized antiproton beams and/or polarized target are extremely exciting, especially in double spin measurements. [ ] It would be very unfortunate if decisions about the facility, made now, later preclude the science.

35 The New Polarization Facility HESR AP+COSY Conceptual Design Report for FAIR did not include Spin Physics: Jan. 04: Letters of Intent for Spin Physics ASSIA (R. Bertini) PAX (P. Lenisa, FR) 10 collaborators 5 institutions WE NEED MORE COLLABORATORS!

36 30 MeV Linac COSY-Booster HESR: GeV/c HESR Accelerator Complex with Polarized Antiprotons Polarimeter Snake Natural extension: 15 GeV + 15 GeV pbarp Collider AP antiprotons protons (Spin-gymnastics)

37 Methods for Polarization Preservation < 5 GeV: conventional methods correcting dipoles tune jump quadrupoles Siberian snake (solenoid) 5-0 GeV: adiabatic methods partial snake (helical dipole or solenoid) ac dipole > 0 GeV: Siberian snake concept Siberian snakes (helical dipole) Andreas Lehrach - Forschungszentrum Jülich

38 Depolarizing Resonances in the HESR Momentum Kinetic energy Imperfection resonance G = Intrinsic resonance γ G =... ± Q GeV/c GeV γ... y Q y = Andreas Lehrach - Forschungszentrum Jülich Resonance strength:

39 Depolarizing Resonances in the HESR Imperfection: 5 4, 5, 6,..., 8 Strong: 8, 16, 4 Intrinsic: 50-4+, - 3+,..., 0+ 1-, 13-,..., 35- Strong: 0+, 8+, 1+, 16+, 4-, 3+, 36- Coupling: 50-4+, - 3+,..., 0+ 1-, 13-,..., 36- Andreas Lehrach - Forschungszentrum Jülich

40 Siberian Snake for HESR Helical snake Helical + solenoidal snake 4 helical dipoles (.5 Tesla) and a 15 Tm solenoid Andreas Lehrach - Forschungszentrum Jülich

41 Magnetic Field, Orbit and Spin Solenoid Helical dipoles Andreas Lehrach - Forschungszentrum Jülich

42 Polarization Preservation at FAIR AP: COSY: ~1 Tm solenoid handled already HESR: 4 helical dipoles (.5 Tesla) + 15 Tm solenoid Other Equipment: several polarimeters 1 spin flipper for HESR (AC dipole) Andreas Lehrach - Forschungszentrum Jülich

43 Outline WHY? HOW? WHERE? WHAT? WHEN? Physics Case Polarized Antiprotons FAIR Project at Darmstadt Transversity Measurement at PAX Rates Angular Distribution Background Detector Concept Time Schedule Conclusion

44 Transversity in Drell-Yan processes at PAX Polarized Antiproton Beam Polarized Proton Target (both transversely polarized) Q l + Q T l - Q =M p Q L p q q e h (x,m )h (x, M ) q A dσ dσ q TT = â TT dσ + dσ e q(x,m )q(x,m ) q q 1 q = u, u,d, d,... M invariant Mass of lepton pair

45 A TT for PAX kinematic conditions RHIC: τ=x 1 x =M /s~10-3 Exploration of the sea quark content (polarizations small!) A TT very small (~ 1 %) PAX: M ~10 GeV, s~30-50 GeV, τ=x 1 x =M /s~ Exploration of valence quarks (h 1q (x,q ) large) A TT /a TT > 0.3 Models predict h 1u >> h 1d u u h (x, M )h (x, M ) A = TT â TT u(x, M )u(x,m ) (where q p 1 = q = q) Main contribution to Drell-Yan events at PAX from x 1 ~x ~ τ: deduction of x-dependence of h 1u (x,m ) p A â TT TT T=15 GeV ( s=5.7 GeV) Anselmino et al. PLB 594,97 (004) T= GeV ( s=6.7 GeV) x F =x 1 -x x 0.6 F =x 1 -x Similar predictions by Efremov et al., Eur. Phys. J. C35, 07 (004)

46 Signal Estimate Polarized Antiproton Beam Polarized Proton Target (both transversely polarized) p Q Q L l + Q T Q =M l - p 1) Count rate estimate. d σ dm dx F dσ 4α = 9M s(x dσ 1 π + x ) Angular distribution of the asymmetry. ) e [ q( x, M ) q( x, M ) + q( x, M ) q( x,m )] q u h1 (x1, M u(x, M q 1 u )h1 (x, M ) )u(x, M ) ATT = â TT dσ + dσ 1 1

47 Drell-Yan cross section and event rate d σ dm dx F = 4α π 9M s(x + x ) 1 e [ q( x, M ) q( x, M ) + q( x, M ) q( x, M )] q q 1 1 M = s x 1 x x F =Q L / s = x 1 -x k events/day GeV GeV 15 GeV 15 GeV M>4 GeV M> GeV M (GeV/c ) x 1 x = M /s Mandatory use of the invariant mass region below the J/ψ ( to 3 GeV). GeV preferable to 15 GeV

48 Extension of the safe region Determination of h 1q (x,q ) not confined to the safe region (M > 4 GeV) qq qq qq J / Ψ γ * e + e unknown vector coupling, but same Lorentz and spinor structure as other two processes Unknown quantities cancel in the ratios for A TT, but helicity structure remains! Anselmino et al. PLB 594,97 (004) Efremov et al., Eur.Phys.J. C35,07 (004) Cross section increases by two orders from M=4 to M=3 GeV Drell-Yan continuum enhances sensitivity of PAX to A TT

49 Dream Option: Collider (15 GeV) dσ/dm (nb) x GeV GeV 15 GeV 15 GeV Collider 15 GeV+15 GeV 15 GeV coll M (GeV) GeV 15 GeV coll GeV M>4 GeV m l l > 4 GeV M> m l l > GeV Collider (15 GeV+15GeV) x 1 L > cm - s -1 to get comparable rates

50 A TT asymmetry: angular distribution u u h (x,m )h (x,m ) A = TT â TT u(x,m )u(x,m ) 1 a TT sin θ ( θ, φ ) = cos (1 + cos θ ) ( φ ) Asymmetry is largest for angles θ =90 Asymmetry varies like cos(φ). Needs a large acceptance detector (LAD)

51 Theoretical prediction Forward Part (FWD): θ lab < 8 Large Acceptance Part (LAD): 8 < θ lab < 50 Beam and Target Polarization: P=Q= A â Magnitude of Asymmetry TT TT T=15 GeV T= GeV Angular modulation 0.15 LAD x F =x 1 -x

52 Estimated signal 10k event sample 60 days at L= cm s -, P = 0.3, Q = 0.85 A TT =(4.3±0.4) 10 - LAD LAD Events under J/y can double the statistics. Good momentum resolution required

53 Detector concept Drell-Yan process requires a large acceptance detector Good hadron rejection needed 10 at trigger level, 10 4 after data analysis for single track Magnetic field envisaged Increased invariant mass resolution compared to calorimeter Improved PID through Energy/momentum ratio Separation of wrong charge combinatorial background Toroidal Field: Zero field on axis compatible with polarized target

54 Double Polarization Experiments Azimuthal Symmetry Possible solution: Toroid (6 superconducting coils) 800 x 600 mm coils 3 x 50 mm section (1450 A/mm ) average integrated field: 0.6 Tm free acceptance > 80 % Superconducting target field coils do not affect azimuthal acceptance. (8 coil system under study)

55 Outline WHY? HOW? WHERE? WHAT? WHEN? Physics Case Polarized Antiprotons FAIR Project at Darmstadt Transversity Measurement Time Schedule Conclusion

56 Time schedule Jan. 04 LOI submitted QCD PAC meeting at GSI Workshop on polarized antiprotons at GSI Additional PAX document on polarization at GSI: F. Rathmann et al., physics/ Additional PAX document: Number of IP s at HESR Technical Report (with Milestones) o Experimental confirmation of spin transfer cross section at COSY (Snake, Electron Polarimeter, strong B ) o Design and Construction of AP at COSY..... Evaluations & Green Light for Construction Technical Design Reports (for Milestones) >01 Commissioning of HESR

57 Electron-Proton Spin-Transfer Measurements at COSY 005 Verification of σ EM at 40, 70 and 100 MeV using PIT at ANKE: No additional equipment needed. weak transverse target guide field (10 G): Q e =Q p Q p : pp elastic using Spectator system electron cooling at injection, ANKE at 0 >006 Direct measurement of σ EM using HERMES-like PIT at TP1: strong longitudinal target guide field (3 kg) needs measurement of Q e Snake in Cooler Telescope (Cooler Sol. + WASA Sol.) adiabatically switched off after filtering Q p : pp elastic using Spectator system

58 PAX Collaboration: Spokespersons: Paolo Lenisa Frank Rathmann Participating Institutions Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia Department of Subatomic and Radiation Physics, University of Gent, Belgium University of Science & Technology of China, Beijing, P.R. China Department of Physics, Beijing, P.R. China High Energy Physics Institute, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Kernphysik Jülich, Germany Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Germany Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany Physikalisches Institut, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany Instituto Nationale di Fisica Nucleare, Ferrara, Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Teorica, Universita di Torino and INFN, Torino, Italy Instituto Nationale di Fisica Nucleare, Frascati, Italy Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia Laboratory of Particle Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia High Energy Physics Institute, Protvino, Russia Department of Radiation Sciences, Nuclear Physics Division, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden 13 Collaborators, 19 Institutions (9 EU, 10 outside EU)

59 Conclusion Challenging opportunities and new physics accessible at HESR Unique access to a wealth of new fundamental physics observables Central physics issue: h 1q (x,q ) of the proton in DY processes Other issues: Electromagnetic Formfactors Polarization effects in Hard and Soft Scattering processes differential cross sections, analyzing powers, spin correlation parameters Projections for HESR fed by a dedicated AP: P beam > antiprotons L cm - s -1 PAX Detector concept: 15 () GeV + PIT Large acceptance detector with a toroidal magnet Collider Option: Attractive far future perspective

60 Final Remark Polarization data has often been the graveyard of fashionable theories. If theorists had their way, they might just ban such measurements altogether out of self-protection. J.D. Bjorken St. Croix, 1987

61 σ = 50mb p p σ DY 1nb Background rejection factor against background DY pairs can have non-zero transverse momentum (<p T > = 0.5 GeV) coplanarity cut between DY and beam not applicable Larger Background in Forward Direction (where asymmetry is smaller). Background higher for µ than for e (meson decay) hadronic absorber (needed for µ) inhibits other reactions Sensitivity to charge avoids background from wrong-charge DY-pairs Magnetic field envisaged

62 Background for Background for X e e pp + Average multiplicity: 4 charged + neutral particle per event. Combinatorial background from meson decay. Estimate shows for most processes background under control. p p 1 h h X e e K ν π + + / 0 / γ π + e e 0 e e K ν π + + / / 0 + e γe η + + e e π π η h 1 h

63 Background for pp Preliminary PYTHIA result ( 10 9 events) e + e X Total background Origin of Background x1000 x100 x1000 x100 e e µ µ Background higher for µ than for e Background from charge conjugated mesons negligible for e.

64 ASSIA Collaboration: Spokesperson: Raimondo Bertini Participating Institutions Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, JINR, Dubna, Russia Dipartimento di Fisica A. Avogadro and INFN, Torino, Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Teorica and INFN, Torino, Italy Universita and INFN, Brescia, Italy Czech Technical Universiy, Prague, Czech Republic Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic DAPNIA, CEN, Saclay, France Institute of Scientific Instruments, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic NSC Kharkov Physical Technical Institute, Kharkov, Ukraine Laboratoi Nazionali Frascati, INFN, Italy Universita dell Insubria, Como and INFN, Italy University of Trieste and INFN Trieste, Italy 9 Collaborators, 1 Institutions (10 EU, outside EU)

65 NEW Facility An International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons : Top priority of German hadron and nuclear physics community (KHuK-report of 9/00) and NuPECC Favourable evaluation by highest German science committee ( Wissenschaftsrat in 00) Funding decision from German government in /003 staging and at least 5% foreign funding to be build at GSI Darmstadt; should be finished in > 011 (depending on start) FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research)

66 FAIR Prospects and Challenges FAIR is a facility, which will serve a large part of the nuclear physics community (and beyond): - Nuclear structure Radioactive beams - Dense Matter Relativistic ion beams - Hadronic Matter Antiprotons, (polarized) - Atomic physics - Plasma physics FAIR will need a significant fraction of the available man-power and money in the years to come: 1 G man-years = 100 man for 100 years or (1000 x 10) FAIR will have a long lead-time (construction, no physics) staging (3 phases)

Spin-physics with Polarized Antiprotons at GSI

http://www.fz-juelich.de/ikp/pax Spin-physics with Polarized Antiprotons at GSI Frank Rathmann Forschungszentrum JülichJ Spin Physics and Beyond, Madison, June 10, 2005 QCD Physics at FAIR (CDR): unpolarized