Determine whether the value given below is from a discrete or continuous data set.

Transcription

1 Determine whether the value given below is from a discrete or continuous data set. When a car is randomly selected and weighed, it is found to weigh kg. Choose the correct answer below. QA. A discrete data set because there are a finite number of possible values 0 B. The data set is neither continuous nor discrete. QC. A continuous data set because there are infmitely many possible values and those values cannot be counted 0 D. A discrete data set because there are infinitely many possible values and those values can be counted

2 ~'-,.z r._ The Gallup Organization contacts 2730 undergraduates who attend a university and live in the United States and asks whether or not they had spent more than $200 on food in the last month. What is the population in the study? OA. Undergraduates who attend a university and live in the United States and have spent more than $200 on food. 0 B. Undergraduates who attend a university. oc. Undergraduates who attend a university and have spent more than $200 on food. 0 D. Undergraduates who attend a university and live in the United States. What is the sample in the study? OA. The 2730 undergraduates who attend a university and have spent more than $200 on food. 0 B. Undergraduates who attend a university. 0 C Undergraduates who attend a university and live in the United States. ()D. The 2730 undergraduates who attend a university and live in the United States.

3 "5, 1 r--- Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment. In a study of 432 students with a particular disease, the subjects were asked about their diet. Does the given description correspond to an observational study or an experiment? QA. The given description corresponds to an observational study. 0 B. The given description corresponds to an experiment. ()C. The given description does not provide enough information to answer this question. '7

4 Identify the type of observational study. A researcher plans to obtain data by examining the financial transactions of victims who perished in a bombing. Choose the correct type of observational study below. QA. cross-sectional 0 B. prospective ()C. retrospective Page I '7

5 .. Construct one table that includes relative frequencies based on the frequency distributions shown below, then compare the amounts of tar in nonfihered and filtered cigarettes. Do the cigarette filters appear to be effective? (Hint: The filters reduce the amount of tar ingested by the smoker.) Q Click the icon to view the frequency distributions. Complete the relative frequency table below. Relative Relative Frequency Frequency Tar(mg) (N onfiltered) (Filtered) % 0% % 0% % 0% % 0% % 0% % 0% % 0% (Simplify your answers.) Do cigarette filters appear to be effective? 0 A. Yes, because the relative frequency of the higher tar classes is greater for nonfiltered cigarettes. 0 B. No, ~ecause the relative frequencies for each are not substantially different. 0 C. No, because the relative frequency of the higher tar classes is greater for filtered cigarettes. ()D. This cannot be determined. Frequency Distributions Tar (mg) in Tar (mg) in Nonfiltered Filtered Cigarettes Frequency Cigarettes Frequency CJ

6 (5~.ll Construct the cumulative frequency distribution Daily Low Cumulative for the given data. Temperature ( F) Frequency Daily Low ( F) Frequency 0 Less than 40 D I Less than D Less than 50 D Less than 55 D Less than a D Less than Less than 70 D Construct the cumulative frequency distribution.

7 The data represents the daily rainfall (in inches) for one month. Construct a frequency distribution beginning with a lower class limit of 0.00 and use a class width of Does the frequency distribution appear to be roughly a normal distribution? C) Daily Rainfall (in inches) Daily Rainfall Frequency (in inches) 0.8o O.Oo Frequency ~ ~- ~~ Does the frequency distribution appear to be roughly a normal distribution? ()A. No, although the distribution is approximately symmetric, the frequencies do not start low, increase to some maximum frequency, then decrease. C! B. No, the distribution is not symmetric and the frequencies do not start off low. ()C. Yes, all of the requirements are met. ()D. No, although the frequencies start low, increase to some maximum, then decrease, the distribution is not symmetric.

8 .. Listed below are blood groups of 0, A, B, and AB of randomly selected blood donors. Construct a table summarizing the frequency distribution ofthese blood groups. A AB B A A B 0 A A A AB A A 0 0 A B A 0 A A B A A B 0 B AB A A 0 AB A A Complete the frequency distribution below. Blood Group Frequency 0 D A B AB D D D

9 <::/( 11 l: &t. Construct a scatter diagram using the data table to the right. This data is from a study comparing the amount of tar and carbon monoxide (CO) in cigarettes. Use tar for the horizontal scale and use carbon monoxide (CO) for the vertical scale. Determine whether there appears to be a relationship between cigarette tar and CO. Tar Full data set o c Tar co Construct a scatter diagram. ()A. co 2 QB. co Qc. co 2 Tar Tar =IPwiirml'll'rTinrrr~ Is there a relationship between cigarette tar and CO?,.,.. - Tar Qo. co., 0 A. Yes, as the amount of tar increases the amount of carbon monoxide also increases. ()B. No, there appears to be no relationship. ()C. Yes, as the amount of tar increases the amount of carbon monoxide decreases.

10 10, '1111 Ti1==r A format for back-to-hack stemplots representing the pulse rate of females and males from the given data is shown below. Complete the back-to-hack stemplot, then compare the results. Females Full data set 1:i Males Women Stem (tens) Men Complete the back-to-hack stemplot. Women Stem (tens) Men D 7 D D 8 D 9 D D 12 Compare the results. 0 A. The distribution of pulse rates for both men and women are concentrated, and centered around B. The distribution of pulse rates for men is concentrated, centered around 60, whereas the distribution of pulse rates for women is more spread out, centered around 70. QC. The distribution ofpulse rates for women is concentrated, centered around 60, whereas the distribution of pulse rates for men is more spread out, centered around 70.

11 Find the (a) mean, (b) median, (c) mode, and (d) midrange for the given sample data. An experiment was conducted to determine whether a deficiency of carbon dioxide in the soil affects the phenotype of peas. Listed below are the phenotype codes where 1 =smooth-yellow, 2 =smooth-green, 3 =wrinkled-yellow, and 4 =wrinkled-green. Do the results make sense? (a) The mean phenotype code is D. (Round to the nearest tenth as needed.) (b) The median phenotype code is D. (Type an integer or a decimal.) (c) Select the correct choice below and fill in any answer boxes within your choice. 0 A. The mode phenotype code is. (Use a comma to separate answers as needed.) ()B. There is no mode. (d) The midrange of the phenotype codes is D. (Type an integer or a decimal.) Do the measures of center make sense? ()A. Only the mode makes sense since the data is nominal. 0 B. All the measures of center make sense since the data is numerical. ()C. Only the mean, median, and midrange make sense since the data is nominal. 0 D. Only the mean, median, and mode make sense since the data is numerical.

12 .. The systolic blood pressures of 40 women have a mean of mm Hg and a standard deviation of 17.1 mm Hg. The highest systolic blood pressure measurement in this sample is 181 mm Hg. In this context, is a systolic blood pressure of 181 mm Hg "unusual"? Why or why not? Choose the correct answer below. ()A. No, because it does not differ from the mean by more than one standard deviation. ()B. No, because it does not differ from the mean by more than two standard deviations. 0 C. Yes, because it differs from the mean by more than two standard deviations. ()D. Yes, because it differs from the mean by more than one standard deviation.

13 .. Listed below are the playing times (in seconds) of 16 popular songs. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the set of data. Does the standard deviation change much if the longest playing time is deleted? The range of the sample data is D seconds. (Type an integer or a decimal.) The variance of the sample data is D. (Round to one decimal place as needed.) The standard deviation of the sample data is D seconds. (Round to one decimal place as needed.) Does the standard deviation change much if the longest playing time is deleted? 0 No () Yes

14 The two boxplots correspond to the service times from two different companies that repair air conditioning units. They are drawn on the same scale. The top boxplot corresponds to Qool Air, Inc., and the bottom boxplot corresponds to the Fresh Air company. Which company has less variation in repair times? Which company should have more predictable costs? Choose the correct answer below. ()A. Fresh has less variation. Because Fresh has less variation, estimates of repair costs will tend to be more accurate, so the costs will tend to be more predictable. () B. Qool has less variation. Because Qool has less variation, estimates of repair costs will tend to be more accurate, so the costs will tend to be more predictable. 0 C. Fresh has less variation. Because Fresh has less variation, estimates of repair costs will tend to be less accurate. Thus, Qool will have more predictable costs. ()D. Qool has less variation. Because Qool has less variation, estimates of repair costs will tend to be less accurate. Thus, Fresh will have more predictable costs.

15 .. A particular group of men have heights with a mean of 180 em and a standard deviation of6 em. John had a height of 197 em. a. What is the positive difference between John's height and the mean? b. How many standard deviations is that [the difference found in part (a)]? c. Convert John's height to a z score. d. If we consider "usual" heights to be those that convert to z scores between -2 and 2, is John's height usual or unusual? a. The positive difference between John's height and the mean is D em. b. The difference is D standard deviations. (Type an integer or decimal rounded to two decimal places as needed.) c. The z score is D. (Type an integer or decimal rounded to two decimal places as needed.) d. Is John's height usual or unusual? 0 Usual 0 Unusual

16 16. 41/J!J. A certain animal's body temperature has a mean of91.29 F and a standard deviation of0.51 F. Convert the given temperatures to z scores. a F b F c F a. z = D (Type an integer or decimal rounded to two decimal places as needed.) b. z = D (Type an integer or decimal rounded to two decimal places as needed.) c. z = D (Type an integer or decimal rounded to two decimal places as needed.)

17 Which is relatively better: a score of 83 on a psychology test or a score of 49 on an economics test? Scores on the psychology test have a mean of 87 and a standard deviation of 7. Scores on the economics test have a mean of 54 and a standard deviation of 4. Choose the correct answer below. ()A. The psychology test score is relatively better because its z score is greater than the z score for the economics test score. 0 B. The economics test score is relatively better because its z score is greater than the z score for the psychology test score. 0 C. The economics test score is relatively better because its z score is less than the z score for the psychology test score. ()D. The psychology test score is relatively better because its z score is less than the z score for the economics test score.

18 J.. 2)./8, Find the third quartile Q 3 ofthe list of24 sorted values shown below Cl. The third quartile Q 3 is D. (Type an integer or a decimal.)

19 Below are 36 sorted ages of an acting award winner. Find P 50 using the method presented in the textbook C) P 50 = D (Type an integer or a decimal.)

20 If A denotes some event, what does A denote? IfP(A) = 0.004, what is the value ofp(a)? If P(A) = 0.004, is A unusual? What does A denote? Event A is always unusual. Events A and A share all outcomes. Event A denotes the complement of event A, meaning that A and A share some but not all outcomes. Event A denotes the complement of event A, meaning that A consists of all outcomes in which event A does not occur. IfP(A) = 0.004, what is the value ofp(a)? P(A) = D (Type an integer or a decimal.) IfP(A) = 0.004, is A unusual? 0 No 0 Yes

21 To the right are the outcomes that are possible when a couple has three children. Refer to that list, and find the probability of each event. a. Among three children, there are exactly 3 girls. b. Among three children, there are exactly 2 girls. c. Among three children, there is exactly 1 boy. 1st 2nd 3rd CJ~ boy - boy - boy boy - boy - girl boy - girl - boy boy - girl - girl girl - boy - boy girl - boy - girl girl - girl - boy girl - girl - girl a. What is the probability of exactly 3 girls out of three children? D (Type an integer or a simplified fraction.) b. What is the probability of exactly 2 girls out of three children? D (Type an integer or a simplified fraction.) c. What is the probability of exactly 1 boy out of three children? D (Type an integer or a simplified fraction.)

22 Among 450 randomly selected drivers in the age bracket, 11 were in a car cr~sh in the last year. If a driver in that age bracket is randomly selected, what is the approximate probability that he or she will be in a car crash during the next year? Is it unusual for a driver in that age bracket to be involved in a car crash during a year? Is the resulting value high enough to be of concern to those in the age bracket? Consider an event to be "unusual" if its probability is less than or equal to The probability that a randomly selected person in the age bra~ket will be in a car crash this year is approximately D. (Type an integer or decimal rounded to the nearest thousandth as needed.) Would it be unusual for a driver in that age bracket to be involved in a car crash this year? 0 No () Yes Is the probability high enough to be of concern to those in the age bracket? 0 Yes 0 No

23 Answer the following questions. a. lfp(a) = 0.44, find the probability of the complement of A, P(A). b. A certain group of women has a 0. 74% rate of red/green color blindness. If a woman is randomly selected, what is the probability that she does not have red/green color blindness? a. P(A) = D (Type an exact answer in simplified form.) b. What is the probability that the woman selected does not have red/green color blindness? D (Type an exact answer in simplified form.)

24 Use the following results from a test for marijuana use, which is provided by a certain drug testing company. Among 145 subjects with positive test results, there are 27 false positive results. Among 151 negative results, there are 5 false negative results. Complete parts (a) through (c). (Hint: Construct a table.) a. How many subjects were included in the study? The total number of subjects in the study was D. b. How many subjects did not use marijuana? A total of D subjects did not use marijuana. c. What is the probability that a randomly selected subject did not use marijuana? The probability that a randomly selected subject did not use marijuana is D. (Do not round until the final answer. Then round to three decimal places as needed.)

25 ' Instructor-*"-This problem is from chapter 13, section 13.2, of Triola & Triola Biostatistics (your textbook for this.-, 5 created class). Table 13-1 (was constructed with the assumption that the initial population size is 100,000. o-l ' question. How are the values in the first row affected if a popluation size of 50,000 is used instead? 0 A. Only columns 2 and 7 would change. ()B. Only columns 1 and 2 would change. QC. Columns 1, 2, and 7 would not change, but columns 3-6 would be halved. ()D. Columns 1, 2, and 7 would be halved, but columns 3-6 would not change.

26 Instructorcreated question. This problem is from chapter 13, section 13.2, of Triola & Triola Biostatistics (your textbook for this class). Referring to the Life Table for White Females on page 619, Find the missing "Probability of Dying" value in the second column of the table. ()A ()B ()C ()D

27 Instructorcreated question. This problem is from chapter 13, section 13.2, of Triola & Triola Biostatistics (your textbook for this class). Referring to the Life Table for White Females on page 619, Find the missing "Number of Deaths" value in the fourth column of the table. ()A ()B. 27 ()C. 32 ()D. 0.27

28 ;L~., Instructorcreated question. This problem is from chapter 13, section 13.2, of Triola & Triola Biostatistics (your textbook for this class). Referring to the Life Table for White Females on page 619, Find the probability that a white female will live from birth to her second birthday. ()A ()B ()C ()D Pagel