Field Oriented Control of a Dual Star Induction Machine Fed by Photovoltaic Solar Panel with MPPT

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1 2 èe conféence ntenationale es énegies enouvelables CER-214 Poceeings of Engineeing an Technology - PET Copyight - PCO 21 Fiel Oiente Contol of a Dual Sta nuction Machine Fe by Photovoltaic Sola Panel with MPPT SADOUN Rahwane #1, MEROUFEL Abelkae #2, DJEROU Sali *3 KHALDOUNE Aissa *4 # Sciences an Technics Depatent,Univesity of Ghaaia, Algeia. # CEPS laboatoy, Djillali Liabes Univesity, SBA, Algeia. 1 eouanesaouni@gail.co 2 aeoufel@yahoo.f * Signals an systes laboatoy, GEE, Bouees, Algeia. 3 Salij28@yahoo.f 4 akheloun@ubb.z Abstact This pape pesents a axiu powe point tacking (MPPT applie to Dual Sta nuction Machine supplie by photovoltaic sola panel. The iniect fiel oiente contol with P spee contolle is use fo the contol of this achine fe by two PWM voltage souce invete. The siulation esults using Matlab/Siulink envionent pove the efficiency of the popose etho. Keywos Photovoltaic Geneato; DSM; PWM-S; niect Fiel Oiente Contol; P Contolle.. NTRODUCTON Electical enegy esults fo the tansfoation of natual fossil esouces. Howeve, this tansfoation is accopanie with an eission of polluting gas. n this way, pouction of electicity via enewable enegies becoes oe an oe eploye in oe to vouch fo potection of envionent an uable evelopent. Photovoltaic enegy is a enewable enegy souce, inexhaustible an non-polluting. To be use fo iffeent applications an to eet the econoic constaints, the esign an ipleentation of P systes ae necessay an cuently facing any pobles. The P syste ust be ae obust, eliable an with high efficiency [1]. n the inustial applications that high eliability is eane, ulti-phase inuction achine instea of taitional thee-phase inuction achine is use. The avantages of ulti-phase ive systes ove conventional thee-phase ives ae: total ating of syste is ultiplie, the toque pulsations will be soothe, the oto haonic losses as well as the haonics content of the DC link cuent will be euce an the loss of one achine phase, oes not pevent the achine woking, so ipoving the syste eliability [2]. A coon type of ultiphase achine is the ual sta inuction achine (DSM, is also known as the six phase inuction achine, these achines have been use in any applications (wate puping syste, fans, copessos, olling ills, ceent ills, ine hoists etc. fo thei avantages in powe segentation, eliability, an iniize toque pulsations [3]. Fiel Oiente Contol (FOC is theoetically a nonlinea contol technique that lineaizes the coplex ynaics of the inuction oto. Roto flux iniect FOC, which is the oe siplest ecoupling schee, is wiely use in any inustial applications [4]. The niect Roto Fiel Oiente Contol (RFOC with P spee egulato fo the Dual Sta nuction Machine fe by MPPT photovoltaic geneato is elaboate in this wok.. SYSTEM MODELNG The figue 1 shows the popose stuctue of the MPPT photovoltaic geneato fe the DSM using iect oto fiel oiente contol. A. Moeling of the photovoltaic geneato PG The iect convesion of the sola enegy into electical powe is obtaine by sola cells [7]. The cells ae connecte in seies an in paallel cobinations in oe to fo an aay of the esie voltage an powe levels. The figue 2 shows the equivalent cicuit of a PG, fo which non linea chaacteistic can be euce [1], [8], [9].

2 Cuent (A Pawe (W The figue 3 epesents the expeient chaacteistics of P- an - chaacteistics of the sola-cell geneato fo seveal insulation levels. 2 1 MPP 1W/2 1 8W/2 6W/ oltage ( 6 4 1w/ 8w/ Fig. 1 Diect etho spee egulation of DSM fe by PG with MPPT 3 2 6w/ sh Rs ph Rsh Fig. 2 Equivalent cicuit of a P oule oltage ( Fig. 3 nfluence of aiation B. Moeling of the DC-DC Boost Convete Whee: ph : is the photocuent : is the junction ioe cuent : is the evese satuation cuent R s : is the seies esistance R sh : is the paallel esistance A: is the ioe facto k: is the Boltzann s constant T: is the cell tepeatue q: is the electon chage (1 (2 (3 To extact at each oent the axiu powe available at the teinals of the P an tansfe it to the loa, the technique conventionally use is to use a stage aaptation between the P an the loa. n ou stuy we use a boost convete, as voltages elevatos, ae also use in photovoltaic applications, especially in photovoltaic puping syste. This convete plays the ole of an inteface between the two eleents ensuing though contol action, the tansfe of axiu powe supplie by the geneato to ake it as close as possible to PMAX. MPPT is the axiu powe point tacking which is essential fo optiizing the aay opeation an the syste pefoance. Seveal techniques have been popose to achieve this goal, aong the we can ention petub an obseve an inceental conuctance [1]. Figue 4 shows the flowchat of this algoith.

3 D. Moeling of the DSM A scheatic of the stato an oto winings fo a ual sta inuction achine is given in Figue 6. The six stato phases ae ivie into two wyes-connecte thee phase sets labelle A, B, C an A, B, C whose agnetic axes ae isplace by an angle α=3. The winings of each thee phase set ae unifoly istibute an have axes that ae isplace 12 apat. The thee phase oto winings A, B, C ae also sinusoially istibute an have axes that ae isplace apat by 12 [13]. B Fig. 4 Flowchat of the P&O algoith C. Moeling of the PWM oltage Souce nvete The thee-phase invete consists of thee inepenent as. Each one inclues two switches which ae copleentay an contolle by the Pulse Wih Moulation PWM, [11], [12]. The inuction oto stato voltages ( sa, sb, sc ae expesse in tes of the uppe switches as follows: sa sb sc U 3 pv f 1 f 2 f U pv : The photovoltaic voltage f 11, f 12 an f 13 ae the contolle signals applie to the switches. Figue shows the flowchat of these signals. Fig. The switching stategy fo PWM invete (4 The voltage equations of the DSM ae as follow [14]: sa1 sb1 R sc1 sa2 sb2 R sc2 a b R c Whee: R sa1 = R sb1 = R sc1 = R : Sta esistance 1. R sa2 = R sb2 = R sc2 = R : Sta esistance 2. R a = R b = R c = R : Roto esistance. R R R R R R ; R R ; R sb1 ; sb2 ; B sa1 sc1 B C C sa2 sc2 C Fig. 6 Winings of the ual sta inuction achine a b c R A R A A R ( (6 (7

4 sa1 sa2 a ; sb1 sb2 ; (8 b sc1 sc2 c The expessions fo sta an oto flux ae [14]: [] [L] [L] [L] [] [ ] [L ] [L ] [L ]. [ ] (9 [ ] [L] [L] [L] [ ] Whee: [L ]: nuctance atix of the sta 1. [L ]: nuctance atix of the sta 2. [L ]: nuctance atix of the oto. [L ]: Mutual inuctance atix between sta 1 an sta 2. [L ]: Mutual inuctance atix between sta 2 an sta 1. [L ]: Mutual inuctance atix between sta 1 an oto. [L ]: Mutual inuctance atix between sta 2 an oto. [L ]: Mutual inuctance atix between oto an sta 1. [L ]: Mutual inuctance atix between oto an sta 2. The expession of the electoagnetic toque is then as follows [14], [1], [16]: p Te. L. L (1 2 θ θ The Pak oel of the DSM in the efeences fae at the otating fiel (, q, is efine by the following equations syste (11 [17]. The figue 7 epesents the oel of the DSM in the Pak fae. A A α A Ө Ө Ө Ө R R R q Rq R ω q Rq ω q s s i i i - ωs q iq Fig. 7 Repesentation of DSM in the Pak fae ωs ωsq ω s q i iq q q (11 Whee: L q q L L L L L q q L L L L L L ( ( ( ( ( ( q q q q q q (12 L : Cyclic utual inuctance between sta 1, sta 2 an oto. The echanical equation is given by: Ω J Te TLFΩ (13 With: L Te p ( q - q( (14 L L E. Fiel Oiente Contol The objective of space vecto contol is to assiilate the opeating oe of the asynchonous achine at the one of a DC achine with sepaate excitation, by ecoupling the toque an the flux contol. The RFOC consists in aking Ø q = while the oto iect flux Ø conveges to the efeence Ø * [16, 17]. By applying this pinciple ( q = an = * to equations (11 (12 an (14, the finals expessions of the electoagnetic toque an slip spee ae: L Te p ( q L L (1 R L w s ( q (L L (16 The statos voltage equations ae: R L ωs (L T w s R L ωs (L R L ωs (Lq T w s q Rq L q ωs (L (17 The toque expession shows that the efeence fluxes an stato cuents in quaate ae not pefectly inepenents, fo this, it is necessay to ecouple toque

5 Photovoltaic powe (w PG oltage( E(w/2 an flux contol of this achine by intoucing new vaiables: R L (18 R L R L q Rq L q The equation syste (18 shows that stato voltages (,,, q ae iectly elate to stato cuents (,,, q. To copensate the eo intouce at ecoupling tie, the voltage efeences ( *, *, *, * q at constant flux ae given by: c c (19 c q q qc With: c ωs (L T w s c ωs (L (2 c ωs (Lq T w s qc ωs (L Fo a pefect ecoupling, we a stato cuents egulation loops (,,, q an we obtain at thei output stato voltages (,,, q.the ecoupling bloc schee in voltage oifie (Moifie Fiel Oiente Contol is given in Figue 8.. SMULATON RESULTS n oe to eonstate the obustness an the efficiency of the popose schee applie to the DTPM using photovoltaic syste, soe siulations have been caie out. The esign which is escibe by Figue 1 is ipleente in Matlab/Siulink using paaetes given in appenix Tie(s Fig.9 : Sola iaiation Tie(s Fig.1 : The PG voltage Fig. 8: ecoupling bloc in voltage Tie(s Fig.11 : The PG powe

6 Stato Cuent (A Toque(N. Roto Fiel(Wb Spee(a/s Cuents(A W ef W i isq Tie(s Fig.12: Rotational an efeence spee Te -1 TL Tie(s Fig.13: Electoagnetic an loa toque Tie(s Tie(s Fig.1: Decoupling between fiel an toque Tie(s Fig.16: Roto fiel oientation Phi Phiq. RESULTS DSCUSSON We chose to vay the iaiation E between 7W/ 2, 8W/ 2, 1W/ 2 an 6W/ 2 (Fig.9, the voltage an the powe of photovoltaic geneato ae vaie with the vaiation of iaiation (Fig.1, Fig.11. The spee eaches its efeence values without ovetaking (Fig.12. The achine evelops an electoagnetic toque to copensate the loa toque by calling of stato cuent (Fig.13, Fig.14. The electical pat (the cuent i is insensitive to the loa toque vaiation, only the echanical pat (the cuent i sq1, will eact (Fig.1. So, we can say that thee is a goo ecoupling. The iect oto fiel (Phi follows the efeence value (1Wb an the quaatue coponent (Phiq is null (Fig.16. Thus, the oientation is assue. Fig.14: The stato cuent i sa1

7 . CONCLUSON n this pape, the iniect fiel oiente contol of ual sta inuction achine with photovoltaic geneato using MPPT is pesente. The siulation esults pove the efficiency an the utility of the MPPT algoith to ake the syste opeates at its optial conitions, by aintenance of the powe at its axiu value with each value of iaiation E, whateve the cliatic conitions. The siulation esults show the obustness, the effectiveness an the goo ynaic pefoances (spee esponse without oveshoot, zeo state eo, etc of RFOC with P egulato. REFERENCES [1] A. Khiaeine, C. Ben Salah an M. F. Miouni, Contol wate level of a photovoltaic puping. EEE, 213. [2] R.Kianinezha.R, B. Nahi, F. Betin, an G. A. Capolino. A novel Diect Toque Contol (DTC etho fo ual thee phase inuction otos. EEE, 26. [3] Y. Zhao, T. A. Lipo. Space vecto PWM contol of ual thee phase inuction achine using vecto space ecoposition. EEE Tans. n. Appl, vol. 31, no., pp [4] A. BA-Razzouk, A. Chéiti, G. Olivie, P. Sica. Fiel Oiente Contol of nuction Motos Using Neual Netwoks Decouples. EEE, 199. [] K. Benlabi. A fuzzy global efficiency optiization of a photovoltaic wate puping syste. Sola Enegy, 77 ( [6] A. Chikh. Optiization an Contol of a Photovoltaic Powee Wate Puping Syste. EEE Electical Powe & Enegy Confeence, 29. [7] S. Aboua. Diect toque contol of inuction oto puping syste fe by a photovoltaic geneato. EEE, 213. [8] S. Dezso. Optiize Maxiu Powe Point Tacke fo Fast- Changing Envionental Conitions. EEE Tansactions On nustial Electonics, vol., no. 7, July 28. [9] Y. Weslati, A. Sallei, F. Bacha, an R. Anoulsi. Sliing oe contol of a photovoltaic gi connecte syste.jounal of Electical Systes, vol. 4, issue 3, Septebe 28. [1] Faouzi Bacha an Moncef Gasi. Sliing Moe Contol of nuction- Moto-Pup Supplie by Photovoltaic Geneato. EEE, 211. [11] G. K. Singh, K. Na an S. K. Li. A siple iniect fiel-oiente contol schee fo ultiphase inuction achine. EEE Tans. n. Elect, vol. 2, no. 4, August 2. [12] E.M. Bekouk, S. Aezki. Moélisation et Coane une Machine Asynchone Double Etoile (MASDE Alientée pa Deux Onuleus à Cinq Niveaux à Stuctue NPC, Conféence national su le génie électique, CNGE, Tiaet, Algéie, 24. [13] A.goujil ; Y.Boujea. Etue u changeu e féquence à cinq niveaux à cellules ibiquées. Application à la conuite e la achine Asynchone à Double Etoile. Méoie ingénioat e l USTHB Alge, Algéie, Juin 26. [14] D. Haiouche. Contibution à l étue e la achine asynchone ouble étoile oélisation, alientation et stuctue, Thèse e octoat, Univesité Heni Poincaé, Nancy-1, Décebe 21. [1] Z.Chen, AC.Williason. Siulation Stuy of a Double Thee Phase Electic Machine, ntenational confeence on Electic Machine CEM 98, [16] E.Meabet, R.Abessee, H.Aieu an F.Haoui. Fiel Oiente Contol of a Dual Sta nuction Machine Using Fuzzy Regulatos, CP, Sétif, Algéie, 27. [17] R. N. Aniaalala, H. Razik an F.M. Sagos. niect-roto-fiel- Oiente-Contol of a Double-Sta nuction Machine Using the RST Contolle, EEE, 28. APPENDX TABLE Dual Sta nuction Machine paaetes P n [kw] n [ ] n [A] 6. R [ ] R [ ] R [ ] L L L L 2.12 J [kg.²] K f [Ns/].1.22 f [ Hz].6 p Cos φ.8 TABLE Photovoltaic oel chaacteistics Electical Chaacteistics Maxiu Powe (Pax 1W oltage at Pax (p 34. Cuent at Pax (p 4.3A Open-cicuit voltage (oc 43. Shot-cicuit cuent (sc 4.7A Tepeatue coefficient of oc -16 ± 2 / o C Tepeatue coefficient of sc.6 ±.1 %/ o C Tepeatue coefficient of powe -. ±. %/ o C