Appendix F. Steam Tables
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1 Appendix F Steam Tables F.1 INTERPOLATION When a value is required from a table at conditions which lie between listed values, interpolation is necessary. If M, the quantity sought, is a function of a single independent variable X and if linear interpolation is appropriate, as in the tables for saturated steam, then a direct proportionality exists between corresponding differences in M and in X. When M, the value at X, is intermediate between two given values, M 1 at X 1 and M 2 at X 2, then: ( X2 X M = X 2 X 1 ) M 1 + ( X X1 X 2 X 1 ) M 2 (F.1) For example, the enthalpy of saturated vapor steam at C is intermediate between the following values taken from Table F.1: t t 1 = 140 C H H 1 = kjkg 1 t = C H =? t 2 = 142 C H 2 = kjkg 1 Substitution of values into Eq. (F.1) with M = H and t = X yields: H = (2733.1) + (2735.6) = kjkg 2 When M is a function of two independent variables X and Y and if linear interpolation is appropriate, as in the tables for superheated steam, then double linear interpolation is required. Data for quantity M at values of the independent variables X and Y adjacent to the given values are represented as follows: X 1 X X 2 Y 1 M 1,1 M 1,2 Y M =? Y 2 M 2,1 M 2,2 684
2 685 Double linear interpolation between the given values of M is represented by: [( ) ( ) ] X2 X X X1 Y2 Y M = M 1,1 + M 1,2 X 2 X 1 X 2 X 1 Y 2 Y 1 + [( X2 X X 2 X 1 ) ( ) ] X X1 Y Y1 M 2,1 + M 2,2 X 2 X 1 Y 2 Y 1 (F.2) Example F.1 From data in the steam tables, find: (a) The specific volume of superheated steam at 816 kpa and 512 C. (b) The temperature and specific entropy of superheated steam at P = 2950 kpa and H = kj kg 1. Solution F.1 (a) The following table shows specific volumes from Table F.2 for superheated steam at conditions adjacent to those specified: P/kPa t = 500 C t = 512 C t = 550 C V =? Substitution of values in Eq. (F.2) with M = V, X = t, and Y = P yields: [ ] V = (443.17) (472.49) 25 + [ ] (429.65) (458.10) 25 = cm3 g 1 (b) The following table shows enthalpy data from Table F.2 for superheated steam at conditions adjacent to those specified: P/kPa t 1 = 350 C t =? t 2 = 375 C H t1 H = H t
3 686 APPENDIX F. Steam Tables Here, use of Eq. (F.2) is not convenient. Rather, for P = 2950 kpa, interpolate linearly at t 1 = 350 CforH t1 and at t 2 = 375 C for H t2, applying Eq. (F.1) twice, first at t 1 and second at t 2, with M = H and X = P: H t1 = (3119.7) + (3117.5) = H t2 = (3177.4) + (3175.6) = A third linear interpolation between these values with M = t and X = H in Eq. (F.1) yields: t = (350) (375) = C Given this temperature, a table of entropy values can now be constructed: P/kPa t = 350 C t = C t = 375 C S =? Application of Eq. (6.75) with M = S, X = t, and Y = P yields: [ ] S = (6.7654) (6.8563) [ ] (6.7471) + 25 (6.8385) = kj mol 1 100
4 687 STEAM TABLES Page Table F.1 Properties of Saturated Steam, SI Units 688 Table F.2 Properties of Superheated Steam, SI Units 694 Table F.3 Properties of Saturated Steam, English Units 726 Table F.4 Properties of Superheated Steam, English Units 732 All tables are generated by computer from programs 1 based on The 1976 International Formulation Committee Formulation for Industrial Use: A Formulation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Substance, as published in the ASME Steam Tables, 4th ed., App. I, pp , The Am. Soc. Mech. Engrs., New York, These tables served as a world-wide standard for 30 years, and are entirely adequate for instructional purposes. However, they have been replaced by the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam Formulation 1997 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Water and Steam for Industrial Use. These and other newer tables are discussed by A. H. Harvey and W. T. Parry, Keep Your Steam Tables up to Date, Chemical Engineering Progress, vol. 95, no. 11, p. 45, Nov., We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Professor Charles Muckenfuss, of Debra L. Sauke, and of Eugene N. Dorsi, whose efforts produced the computer programs from which these tables derive.
5 688 APPENDIX F. Steam Tables Table F.1: Saturated Steam, SI Units V = SPECIFIC VOLUME cm 3 g 1 U = SPECIFIC INTERNAL ENERGY kj kg 1 H = SPECIFIC ENTHALPY kj kg 1 S = SPECIFIC ENTROPY kj kg 1 K 1 SPECIFIC VOLUME V INTERNAL ENERGY U ENTHALPY H ENTROPY S t T P sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. C K kpa liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap
6
7 690 APPENDIX F. Steam Tables Table F.1. Saturated Steam, SI Units (Continued) SPECIFIC VOLUME V INTERNAL ENERGY U ENTHALPY H ENTROPY S t T P sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. C K kpa liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap
8
9 692 APPENDIX F. Steam Tables Table F.1. Saturated Steam, SI Units (Continued) SPECIFIC VOLUME V INTERNAL ENERGY U ENTHALPY H ENTROPY S t T P sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. sat. C K kpa liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap. liq. evap. vap
10
11 694 APPENDIX F. Steam Tables Table F.2: Superheated Steam, SI Units TEMPERATURE: t C (TEMPERATURE: T kelvins) P/kPa sat. sat (t sat / C) liq. vap. (348.15) (373.15) (398.15) (423.15) (448.15) (473.15) (498.15) (523.15) V U (6.98) H S V U (45.83) H S V U (60.09) H S V U (69.12) H S V U (75.89) H S V U (81.35) H S V U (91.79) H S V U (99.63) H S
12 695 V U (100.00) H S V U (105.99) H S V U (111.37) H S V U (116.06) H S V U (120.23) H S V U (123.99) H S V U (127.43) H S V U (130.60) H S V U (133.54) H S
13 696 APPENDIX F. Steam Tables Table F.2. Superheated Steam, SI Units (Continued) TEMPERATURE: t C (TEMPERATURE: T kelvins) P/kPa sat. sat (t sat / C) liq. vap. (573.15) (623.15) (673.15) (723.15) (773.15) (823.15) (873.15) (923.15) V U ( 6.98) H S V U (45.83) H S V U (60.09) H S V U (69.12) H S V U (75.89) H S V U (81.35) H S V U (91.79) H S V U (99.63) H S
14 697 V U (100.00) H S V U (105.99) H S V U (111.37) H S V U (116.06) H S V U (120.23) H S V U (123.99) H S V U (127.43) H S V U (130.60) H S V U (133.54) H S
15 698 APPENDIX F. Steam Tables Table F.2. Superheated Steam, SI Units (Continued) TEMPERATURE: t C (TEMPERATURE: T kelvins) P/kPa sat. sat (t sat / C) liq. vap. (423.15) (448.15) (473.15) (493.15) (513.15) (533.15) (553.15) (573.15) V U (136.29) H S V U (138.87) H S V U (141.31) H S V U (143.62) H S V U (145.82) H S V U (147.92) H S V U (149.92) H S V U (151.84) H S
16 699 V U (153.69) H S V U (155.47) H S V U (157.18) H S V U (158.84) H S V U (160.44) H S V U (161.99) H S V U (163.49) H S V U (164.96) H S V U (166.38) H S
17 700 APPENDIX F. Steam Tables Table F.2. Superheated Steam, SI Units (Continued) TEMPERATURE: t C (TEMPERATURE: T kelvins) P/kPa sat. sat (t sat / C) liq. vap. (598.15) (623.15) (673.15) (723.15) (773.15) (823.15) (873.15) (923.15) V U (136.29) H S V U (138.87) H S V U (141.31) H S V U (143.62) H S V U (145.82) H S V U (147.92) H S V U (149.92) H S V U (151.84) H S
18 701 V U (153.69) H S V U (155.47) H S V U (157.18) H S V U (158.84) H S V U (160.44) H S V U (161.99) H S V U (163.49) H S V U (164.96) H S V U (166.38) H S
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