Thermodynamics System Surrounding Boundary State, Property Process Quasi Actual Equilibrium English
|
|
|
- Britton Clarke
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Session-1 Thermodynamics: An Overview System, Surrounding and Boundary State, Property and Process Quasi and Actual Equilibrium SI and English Units Thermodynamic Properties 1
2 Thermodynamics, An Overview Thermodynamics deals with the science of motion (dynamics) and/or the transformation of heat (thermo) and energy into various other energy containing forms. The flow of energy is of great importance to engineers involved in the design of the power generation and process industries. Thermodynamics provides an understanding of the nature and degree of energy transformations, so that these can be understood and suitably utilized. 2
3 Thermodynamics, An Overview Disciplines of mechanics: Continuum Mechanics (Classical Thermodynamics) Quantum Mechanics (Quantum Thermodynamics) Statistical Mechanics (Statistical Thermodynamics) 3
4 Thermodynamics, An Overview Classical Thermodynamics assumes that the world is made up of a continuum is the observational science dealing with heat and work is developed based on empirical observations describes macroscopic quantities, such as heat, work, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, etc. does not contain any information about the state or even existence of molecules! Quantum Thermodynamics deals with microscopic properties, i.e., length scales on the order of 10e-9 m. is based on the idea that every particle behaves as a wave and vice versa is not continuous, but discrete! Is limited to isolated molecules or perfect crystals, usually at absolute zero temperature does not tell us anything about the thermodynamics of a macroscopic system Statistical Thermodynamics is the bridge between quantum mechanics and continuum deals with individual molecules averages properties, energy levels, and probabilities of individual molecules 4
5 System, Surrounding and Boundary A system is a region containing energy and/or matter that is separated from its surroundings by arbitrarily imposed walls or boundaries. In a thermodynamic analysis, the system is the subject of the investigation. A boundary is a closed surface surrounding a system through which energy and mass may enter or leave the system. Everything external to the system is the surroundings. 5
6 System, Surrounding and Boundary Closed System Open System 6
7 System, Surrounding and Boundary closed system (control mass): energy, but not matter, can be exchanged with the environment. Examples: a cup of coffee with a lid. open system (control volume): Both energy and matter can be exchanged with the environment. Example: a cup of coffee without a lid. isolated system: Neither energy nor mass can be exchanged with the environment. In fact, no interactions with the environment are possible at all. Example: coffee in a closed, well-insulated thermos bottle. 7
8 Property, State and Process The condition of a system at any instant of time is called its state. The state at a given instant of time is described by the properties of the system. A property is any quantity whose numerical value depends on the state but not the history of the system. The value of a property is determined in principle by some type of physical operation or test. Extensive properties depend on the size or extent of the system. Volume, mass, energy and entropy are examples of extensive properties. An extensive property is additive in the sense that its value for the whole system equals the sum of the values for its parts. Intensive properties are independent of the size or extent of the system. Pressure and temperature are examples of intensive properties. Two states are identical if, and only if, the properties of the two states are identical. When any property of a system changes in value there is a change in state, and the system is said to undergo a process. 8
9 Phase and Pure Substance Phase and Pure Substance The term phase refers to a quantity of matter that is homogeneous throughout in both chemical composition and physical structure. Homogeneity in physical structure means that the matter is all solid, or all liquid, or all vapor (gas). A system can contain one or more phases. A pure substance is one that is uniform and invariable in chemical composition. A pure substance can exist in more than one phase, but its chemical composition must be the same in each phase. For example, if liquid water and water vapor form a system with two phases, the system can be regarded as a pure substance because each phase has the same composition. 9
10 Equilibrium Equilibrium means a condition of balance. In thermodynamics the concept includes not only a balance of forces, but also a balance of other influences. Each kind of influence refers to a particular aspect of thermodynamic (complete) equilibrium. Thermal equilibrium = an equality of temperature Mechanical equilibrium = an equality of pressure Phase or Chemical equilibrium = an equality of chemical potentials For thermodynamic equilibrium the several types of equilibrium must exist individually. To determine if a system is in thermodynamic equilibrium, isolate the system from its surroundings and watch for changes in its properties. If there are no changes, it may be concluded that the system was in equilibrium at the moment it was isolated. Quasi-equilibrium process means the departure of the system from a thermodynamic equilibrium is infinitesimal. 10
11 Unit Systems International System of Units (SI) and English Units Mass Length Time Temperature Velocity = Distance/Time Force = Mass*Acceleration Pressure = Force / Area Work or Heat = Force*Distance SI kg m s C SI m/s N N/m 2 (Pa) J English lb ft s F English ft/s lbf lbf/ft 2 BTU 11
12 Thermodynamic Properties Density Specific Volume Pressure (abs.) ρ = lim V V 1 ν = ρ = lim A A m V FN A P (gage) = P (abs)- P atm (abs) = ρgl P Units: kg/m 3, lb/ft 3 Units: m 3 /kg, ft 3 /lb Units: N/m 2 or Pascal (Pa), lbf/ft 2 1 atmosphere = kpa Gravity (g) = 9.81 m/s 2 12
13 Thermodynamic Properties Temperature T (K) = T( C) T ( R) = 1.8T(K) T( F) = T( R) T ( F) = 1.8T( C) + 32 Units: Kelvin, Rankine Fahrenheit, and Celsius 13
Thermodynamics-1. S. M. Hosseini Sarvari Chapter 1 Introduction & Basic Concepts
Mechanical Engineering Dept. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Thermodynamics-1 S. M. Hosseini Sarvari Chapter 1 Introduction & Basic Concepts Mechanical Engineering Dept. Shahid Bahonar University of
Why do we need to study thermodynamics? Examples of practical thermodynamic devices:
Why do we need to study thermodynamics? Knowledge of thermodynamics is required to design any device involving the interchange between heat and work, or the conversion of material to produce heat (combustion).
Energy: The ability to cause changes. thermodynamics stems from therme (heat) and dynamis (power).
Energy: The ability to cause changes. thermodynamics stems from therme (heat) and dynamis (power). Thermodynamics: The science of energy. Conservation of energy principle: During an interaction, energy
CHE Thermodynamics of Chemical Processes
CHE 3010 - Thermodynamics of Chemical Processes Venkat Padmanabhan, PhD Department of Chemical Engineering Tennessee Tech University Lecture 2 - Basic Concepts 8/29/2018 CHE 3010 - Thermodynamics Tennessee
Course: TDEC202 (Energy II) dflwww.ece.drexel.edu/tdec
Course: TDEC202 (Energy II) Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach Course Director/Lecturer: Dr. Michael Carchidi Course Website URL dflwww.ece.drexel.edu/tdec 1 Course Textbook Cengel, Yunus A. and Michael
ME2320 Thermodynamics I. Summer I Instructor: Dr. William W. Liou
ME2320 Thermodynamics I Summer I 2016 Instructor: Dr. William W. Liou Syllabus http://homepages.wmich.edu/~liou/wp_course.htm Homework Solutions Format 3 How to get, and stay, ahead in this class? Preview
SKMM 2413 Thermodynamics
SKMM 2413 Thermodynamics Md. Mizanur Rahman, PhD Department of Thermo-Fluids Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Office: C23-228 mizanur@fkm.utm.my Semester I, 2016-2017
Review of Fluid Mechanics
Chapter 3 Review of Fluid Mechanics 3.1 Units and Basic Definitions Newton s Second law forms the basis of all units of measurement. For a particle of mass m subjected to a resultant force F the law may
Chapter 1 Introduction
Fundamentals of Thermodynamics Chapter 1 Introduction Prof. Siyoung Jeong Thermodynamics I MEE2022-01 Thermodynamics : Science of energy and entropy - Science of heat and work and properties related to
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS. Thermodynamics = Greek words : therme(heat) + dynamis(force or power)
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS 1.1 Basic concepts and definitions Thermodynamics = Greek words : therme(heat) + dynamis(force or power) Note that, force x displacement = work; power = work/time
T H E R M O D Y N A M I C S M E
T H E R M O D Y N A M I C S M E THERMODYNAMICS CONTENTS 1 BASIC CONCEPTS IN THERMODYNAMICS 2 TEMPERATURE 3 WORK AND HEAT TRANSFER Thermodynamic system, surroundings, universe, system boundary Types of
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS. Prepared by Engr. John Paul Timola
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS Prepared by Engr. John Paul Timola ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS Science that involves design and analysis of devices and systems for energy conversion Deals with heat and work and
The word thermodynamics is derived from two Greek words Therm which means heat Dynamis which means power
THERMODYNAMICS INTRODUCTION The word thermodynamics is derived from two Greek words Therm which means heat Dynamis which means power Together the spell heat power which fits the time when the forefathers
ME 2322 Thermodynamics I PRE-LECTURE Lesson 10 Complete the items below Name:
Lesson 10 1. (5 pt) If P > P sat (T), the phase is a subcooled liquid. 2. (5 pt) if P < P sat (T), the phase is superheated vapor. 3. (5 pt) if T > T sat (P), the phase is superheated vapor. 4. (5 pt)
Unit A-1: List of Subjects
ES312 Energy Transfer Fundamentals Unit A: Fundamental Concepts ROAD MAP... A-1: Introduction to Thermodynamics A-2: Engineering Properties Unit A-1: List of Subjects What is Thermodynamics? First and
Common Terms, Definitions and Conversion Factors
1 Common Terms, Definitions and Conversion Factors 1. Force: A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object s interaction with another object. It is defined as Where F = m a F = Force
Thermodynamics INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Thermodynamics INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. THERMODYNAMICS AND ENERGY Thermodynamics: The science of energy.
INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS. Chapter 1. Mehmet Kanoglu. Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, 6 th Edition. Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A.
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, 6 th Edition Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles McGraw-Hill, 2008 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS Mehmet Kanoglu Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
T H E R M O D Y N A M I C S M T
T H E R M O D Y N A M I C S M T THERMODYNAMICS AND RATE PROCESSES CONTENTS CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE NO 1 Thermodynamics NOTES 1.1. Definitions 1 1.2. Laws of Thermodynamics 3 1.2.1. Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
GATE & PSUs CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Postal Correspondence GATE & PSUs CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS 1 T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S. No. Title Page no. 1. Introduction 3 2. Work and Heat Transfer 9 3. Second Law of Thermodynamics 27
Thermodynamic System. A thermodynamic system is a volume in space containing a quantity of matter that is being studied for thermodynamic analysis.
Thermodynamic System A thermodynamic system is a volume in space containing a quantity of matter that is being studied for thermodynamic analysis. The system is bounded by an arbitrary surface called the
Ch. 7: Thermochemistry
Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry Thermodynamics concerns itself with energy and its relationship to the large scale bulk properties of a system that are measurable: Volume, Temperature, Pressure, Heat
UNIT 15: THERMODYNAMICS
UNIT 15: THERMODYNAMICS ENTHALPY, DH ENTROPY, DS GIBBS FREE ENERGY, DG ENTHALPY, DH Energy Changes in Reactions Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are at different temperatures.
Lecture 1 INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS
Lecture 1 INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS Objectives Identify the unique vocabulary associated with thermodynamics through the precise definition of basic concepts to form a sound foundation for the development
International Academy Invitational Tournament Keep the Heat Test Team Name. Team Number. Predicted Water Temp C
International Academy Invitational Tournament Keep the Heat Test 2-4-2012 Team Name Team Number Predicted Water Temp C Circle the all of the correct answer to the below questions. One or more of the answers
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach Seventh Edition in SI Units Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles McGraw-Hill, 2011 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS Mehmet Kanoglu University of Gaziantep
Thermodynamics Introduction and Basic Concepts
Thermodynamics Introduction and Basic Concepts by Asst. Prof. Channarong Asavatesanupap Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Thammasat University 2 What is Thermodynamics? Thermodynamics
Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics and Energy. Dimensions and Units
Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics Every science has its own unique vocabulary associated with it. recise definition of basic concepts forms a sound foundation for development of a science and
IE 211 INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS
IE 211 INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS Chapter1 Introduction and Basic Concepts INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION A period in 18th and early 19th centuries Major changes in agriculture, mining, manufacturing,
1.4 Perform the following unit conversions: (b) (c) s. g s. lb min. (d) (e) in. ft s. m 55 h. (f) ft s. km h. (g)
1.4 Perform the following unit conversions: 0.05 ft 1 in. (a) 1L 61in. 1L 1ft (b) 1kJ 650 J 10 J 1Btu 1.0551kJ 0.616 Btu (c) 41 Btu/h 0.15 kw 1kW 1h 600 s 778.17 ft lbf 1Btu ft lbf 99.596 s (d) g 78 s
Thermodynamic Systems
Thermodynamic Systems For purposes of analysis we consider two types of Thermodynamic Systems: Closed System - usually referred to as a System or a Control Mass. This type of system is separated from its
EK 04: Energy and Thermodynamics Lectures Professor i Lin Course Page: http://oned.bu.edu/ek04 Email: linx@bu.edu; Phone: (67) 58-47 Textbook Lecture Notes and Problem Sets Fundamental of Engineering Thermodynamics
Chapter 16. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat Units of Chapter 16 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion Heat and Mechanical Work Specific Heats Conduction, Convection,
Applied Thermodynamics (Lecture#01)
Applied Thermodynamics (Lecture#0) Course Outline: Basic Concepts, the system, Open and close system, properties of a system, control volume, working substance, heat and work, state and properties, thermodynamic
Fundamentals of Heat Transfer (Basic Concepts)
Fundamentals of Heat Transfer (Basic Concepts) 1 Topics to be covered History Thermodynamics Heat transfer Thermodynamics versus Heat Transfer Areas and Applications of Heat Transfer Heat Transfer problems
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON. University of London EXAMINATION FOR INTERNAL STUDENTS. For The Following Qualifications:-
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON University of London EXAMINATION FOR INTERNAL STUDENTS For The Following Qualifications:- B.Sc. M.Sci. Physics 1B28: Thermal Physics COURSE CODE : PHYSIB28 UNIT VALUE : 0.50 DATE
Gechstudentszone.wordpress.com
Professor K.Srinivasan Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore Fundamental Concepts and Definitions THERMODYNAMICS: It is the science of the relations between heat, Work
Figure 1.1. Relation between Celsius and Fahrenheit scales. From Figure 1.1. (1.1)
CHAPTER I ELEMENTS OF APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS 1.1. INTRODUCTION. The Air Conditioning systems extract heat from some closed location and deliver it to other places. To better understanding the principles
Chapter Notes Subject: Chemistry Class: XI Chapter: Thermodynamics Top concepts
Chapter Notes Subject: Chemistry Class: XI Chapter: Thermodynamics Top concepts 1. The branch of science which deals with study of different forms of energy and their interconversion is called thermodynamics.
Lecture 2: Zero law of thermodynamics
Lecture 2: Zero law of thermodynamics 1. Thermometers and temperature scales 2. Thermal contact and thermal equilibrium 3. Zeroth law of thermodynamics 1. Thermometers and Temperature scales We often associate
(b) The measurement of pressure
(b) The measurement of pressure The pressure of the atmosphere is measured with a barometer. The original version of a barometer was invented by Torricelli, a student of Galileo. The barometer was an inverted
Thermodynamics B Test
Northern Regional: January 19 th, 2019 Thermodynamics B Test Name(s): Team Name: School Name: Team Number: Rank: Score: Science Olympiad North Florida Regional at the University of Florida Thermodynamics
Lecturer, Department t of Mechanical Engineering, SVMIT, Bharuch
Fluid Mechanics By Ashish J. Modi Lecturer, Department t of Mechanical Engineering, i SVMIT, Bharuch Review of fundamentals Properties of Fluids Introduction Any characteristic of a system is called a
Spring_#1. Thermodynamics. Youngsuk Nam.
Spring_#1 Thermodynamics Youngsuk Nam ysnam1@khu.ac.kr Chapter 1: Objectives Understand the importance of thermodynamics Identify the unique vocabulary associated with thermodynamics through the precise
S15--AP Phys Q4--Heat-Thermo Ch13_14_15 PRACTICE
Name: Class: Date: S5--AP Phys Q4--Heat-Thermo Ch3_4_5 PRACTICE Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.. Which of the following is a thermodynamic
Chapter 10. Thermal Physics. Thermodynamic Quantities: Volume V and Mass Density ρ Pressure P Temperature T: Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 10 Thermal Physics Thermodynamic Quantities: Volume V and Mass Density ρ Pressure P Temperature T: Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids Ideal
Temperature Thermal Expansion Ideal Gas Law Kinetic Theory Heat Heat Transfer Phase Changes Specific Heat Calorimetry Heat Engines
Temperature Thermal Expansion Ideal Gas Law Kinetic Theory Heat Heat Transfer Phase Changes Specific Heat Calorimetry Heat Engines Zeroeth Law Two systems individually in thermal equilibrium with a third
Chapters 17 &19 Temperature, Thermal Expansion and The Ideal Gas Law
Chapters 17 &19 Temperature, Thermal Expansion and The Ideal Gas Law Units of Chapter 17 & 19 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion Heat and Mechanical Work
A Flowing Gas. Continuum Mechanics. Continuum Mechanics. Hydrodynamics
A Flowing Gas Continuum Mechanics Fluid Mechanics Solid Mechanics Aerodynamics Hydrodynamics Aerodynamics is a special subset of Fluid Mechanics, which in turn is a subset of Continuum Mechanics Four Aerodynamic
School of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Konkuk University
School of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Konkuk University Chemistry is the science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical
MME 2010 METALLURGICAL THERMODYNAMICS II. Fundamentals of Thermodynamics for Systems of Constant Composition
MME 2010 METALLURGICAL THERMODYNAMICS II Fundamentals of Thermodynamics for Systems of Constant Composition Thermodynamics addresses two types of problems: 1- Computation of energy difference between two
5.60 Thermodynamics & Kinetics Spring 2008
MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 5.60 Thermodynamics & Kinetics Spring 2008 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. 5.60 Spring 2008 Lecture
FUNDAMENTALS OF CLASSICAL AND STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS SPRING 2005
FUNDAMENTALS OF CLASSICAL AND STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS SPRING 2005 1 1. Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics The basic concepts of thermodynamics such as system, energy, property, state, process, cycle,
Entropy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
CHAPTER 5 Entropy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics Key Points Entropy, S, is a state function that predicts the direction of natural, or spontaneous, change. Entropy increases for a spontaneous
CHEM What is Energy? Terminology: E = KE + PE. Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics 2 Thermodynamics The study of energy changes accompanying physical and chemical processes. From the laws of thermodynamics, one can: 1. Predict the results of chemical reactions 2. Ascertain
Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is the study of the collective properties of a system containing many bodies (typically of order 10 23!
Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is the study of the collective properties of a system containing many bodies (typically of order 10 23!) Chapter18 Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is the study of the thermal
Chapter 17 Temperature and heat
Chapter 17 Temperature and heat 1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium When we speak of objects being hot and cold, we need to quantify this by some scientific method that is quantifiable and reproducible.
Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT.
Chapter 11 THE NATURE OF GASES States of Matter Describe the motion of gas particles according to the kinetic theory Interpret gas pressure in terms of kinetic theory Key Terms: 1. kinetic energy 2. gas
Temperature and Heat. Two systems of temperature. Temperature conversions. PHY heat - J. Hedberg
Temperature and Heat 1. Two systems of temperature 1. Temperature conversions 2. Real science (one scale to rule them all) 3. Temperature scales 2. Effects of temperature on materials 1. Linear Thermal
Introduction. Chemistry the science of matter and the changes it can undergo.
Introduction Chemistry the science of matter and the changes it can undergo. Physical Chemistry concerned with the physical principles that underlie chemistry. Seeks to account for the properties of matter
Thermodynamics. Atoms are in constant motion, which increases with temperature.
Thermodynamics SOME DEFINITIONS: THERMO related to heat DYNAMICS the study of motion SYSTEM an object or set of objects ENVIRONMENT the rest of the universe MICROSCOPIC at an atomic or molecular level
Name: Regents Chemistry: Notes: Unit 8 Gases.
Name: Regents Chemistry: Notes: Unit 8 Gases 1 Name: KEY IDEAS The concept of an ideal gas is a model to explain the behavior of gases. A real gas is most like an ideal gas when the real gas is at low
Gases. Properties of Gases Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases Pressure Boyle s and Charles Law The Ideal Gas Law Gas reactions Partial pressures.
Gases Properties of Gases Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases Pressure Boyle s and Charles Law The Ideal Gas Law Gas reactions Partial pressures Gases Properties of Gases All elements will form a gas at
PHYS 1220, Engineering Physics, Chapter 17 Temperature and Heat Instructor: TeYu Chien Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Wyoming
PHYS 1220, Engineering Physics, Chapter 17 Temperature and Heat Instructor: TeYu Chien Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Wyoming Goal of this chapter is to learn the nature of Temperature
! =!"#$% exerted by a fluid (liquid or gas) !"#$ =!"# FUNDAMENTAL AND MEASURABLE INTENSIVE PROPERTIES PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE AND SPECIFIC VOLUME
FUNDAMENTAL AND MEASURABLE INTENSIVE PROPERTIES PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE AND SPECIFIC VOLUME PRESSURE, P! =!"#$%!"#! exerted by a fluid (liquid or gas) Thermodynamic importance of pressure One of two independent
LECTURE 01: Microscopic view of matter
LECTURE 01: of matter Select LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Compare macroscopic and microscopic models of matter. Introduce state variables. Convert between molar mass and number of moles as well as number of particles.
Eng Thermodynamics I conservation of mass; 2. conservation of energy (1st Law of Thermodynamics); and 3. the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics.
Eng3901 - Thermodynamics I 1 1 Introduction 1.1 Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is the study of the relationships between heat transfer, work interactions, kinetic and potential energies, and the properties
ENGG 3260: Thermodynamics. Home Assignment 1 (Chapter 1) (Answer)
ENGG 360: Thermodynamics Home Assignment 1 (Chapter 1) (Answer) 1. Why does a bicyclist pick up speed on a downhill road even when he is not pedaling? Does this violate the conservation of energy principle?
Non-Newtonian fluids is the fluids in which shear stress is not directly proportional to deformation rate, such as toothpaste,
CHAPTER1: Basic Definitions, Zeroth, First, and Second Laws of Thermodynamics 1.1. Definitions What does thermodynamic mean? It is a Greeks word which means a motion of the heat. Water is a liquid substance
Basic Thermodynamics Module 1
Basic Thermodynamics Module 1 Lecture 1: Introduction Introduction The most of general sense of thermodynamics is the study of energy and its relationship to the properties of matter. All activities in
Chapter 10 Temperature and Heat
Chapter 10 Temperature and Heat Thermodynamics deals with 1. Temperature. 2. The transfer and transformation of energy. 3. The relationship between macroscopic properties and microscopic dynamics. Temperature
Two mark questions and answers UNIT I BASIC CONCEPT AND FIRST LAW SVCET
Two mark questions and answers UNIT I BASIC CONCEPT AND FIRST LAW 1. What do you understand by pure substance? A pure substance is defined as one that is homogeneous and invariable in chemical composition
Chapter 1 Fluid Characteristics
Chapter 1 Fluid Characteristics 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Phases Solid increasing increasing spacing and intermolecular liquid latitude of cohesive Fluid gas (vapor) molecular force plasma motion 1.1.2 Fluidity
Chapter 2 SOLUTION 100 = km = h. = h. ft s
Chapter.1. Convert the information given in the accompanying table from SI units to U.S. Customary units. Show all steps of your solutions. See Example.. km 1000 m.8 ft 1 mile 10 = 74.5 miles/h h 1 km
Properties of Gases. The perfect gas. States of gases Gas laws Kinetic model of gases (Ch th ed, th ed.) Real gases
Properties of Gases Chapter 1 of Physical Chemistry - 6th Edition P.W. Atkins. Chapter 1 and a little bit of Chapter 24 of 7th Edition. Chapter 1 and a little bit of Chapter 21 of 8th edition. The perfect
PHYSICS 220. Lecture 22. Textbook Sections Lecture 22 Purdue University, Physics 220 1
PHYSICS 220 Lecture 22 Temperature and Ideal Gas Textbook Sections 14.1 14.3 Lecture 22 Purdue University, Physics 220 1 Overview Last Lecture Speed of sound v = sqrt(b/ρ) Intensity level β = (10 db) log
Basic Thermodynamics
Basic Thermodynamics Ramesh.K 2/08/2012 1 Syllabus Subject BASIC THERMODYNAMICS Sub. Code 09 ME 3DC BTD Credits 04 L-T-P 3-1-0 1. Introduction: History of Thermodynamics, Macroscopic V/s Microscopic View
Mr Chiasson Advanced Chemistry 12 / Chemistry 12 1 Unit B: Thermochemical Changes
Mr Chiasson Advanced Chemistry 12 / Chemistry 12 1 Unit B: Thermochemical Changes Students will be expected to: Compare the molar enthalpies of several combustion reactions involving organic compounds.
Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics Key contents: Temperature scales Thermal expansion Temperature and heat, specific heat Heat and
Chapter 18. Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics Temperature
Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics 18.2 Temperature 18.3: The Zeroth aw of Thermodynamics If bodies A and B are each in thermal equilibrium with a third body T, then A and
CHARACTERISTIC OF FLUIDS. A fluid is defined as a substance that deforms continuously when acted on by a shearing stress at any magnitude.
CHARACTERISTIC OF FLUIDS A fluid is defined as a substance that deforms continuously when acted on by a shearing stress at any magnitude. In a fluid at rest, normal stress is called pressure. 1 Dimensions,
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat 16-1 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Definition of heat: Heat is the energy transferred between objects because of a temperature difference. Objects are
Chapter 14 Temperature and Heat
Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 14 Temperature and Heat Thermodynamics Starting a different area of physics called thermodynamics Thermodynamics focuses on energy rather than
Chapter 2 Dimensions, Units, and Unit Conversion
AE 205 Materials and Energy Balances Asst. Prof. Dr. Tippabust Eksangsri Chapter 2 Dimensions, Units, and Unit Conversion Dimensions Dimensions are concepts of measurement in engineering works. The basic
Mechanical Engineering Department Third year class Gas Dynamics Tables Lecturer: Dr.Naseer Al-Janabi
Mechanical Engineering Department Third year class Gas Dynamics Tables Lecturer: Dr.Naseer Al-Janabi Ref. Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics, 2e - R. Zucker, O. Biblarz Appendixes A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I.
Temperature Energy and Heat
CHAPTER 3 Temperature Energy and Heat 3.1 Temperature What is temperature? Why is temperature important in chemistry? How is energy related to temperature? 2 3.1 Temperature Milk fat particles are being
ENGR 292 Fluids and Thermodynamics
ENGR 292 Fluids and Thermodynamics Scott Li, Ph.D., P.Eng. Mechanical Engineering Technology Camosun College Jan.13, 2017 Review of Last Class Course Outline Class Information Contact Information, Website
Chemistry 123: Physical and Organic Chemistry Topic 2: Thermochemistry
Topic 2: Introduction, Topic 2: Thermochemistry Text: Chapter 7 and 19 (~ 3 weeks) 2.0 Introduction, terminology and scope 2.1 Enthalapy and Energy Change in a chemical process; 1st law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 9. Preview. Objectives Defining Temperature. Thermal Equilibrium. Thermal Expansion Measuring Temperature. Section 1 Temperature and
Section 1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium Preview Objectives Defining Temperature Thermal Equilibrium Thermal Expansion Measuring Temperature Section 1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium Objectives
Rate in Thermal Systems
Rate in Thermal Systems Overview Rate in Thermal Systems 1 Fundamental Concepts What is the prime mover in the thermal system? temperature difference ( T) What does rate measure in the thermal system?
The reactions we have dealt with so far in chemistry are considered irreversible.
1. Equilibrium Students: model static and dynamic equilibrium and analyse the differences between open and closed systems investigate the relationship between collision theory and reaction rate in order
Chapters 16 Temperature and Heat
Chapters 16 Temperature and Heat 1 Overview of Chapter 16 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion Heat and Mechanical Work Specific Heat Conduction, Convection,
A drop forms when liquid is forced out of a small tube. The shape of the drop is determined by a balance of pressure, gravity, and surface tension
A drop forms when liquid is forced out of a small tube. The shape of the drop is determined by a balance of pressure, gravity, and surface tension forces. 2 Objectives 3 i i 2 1 INTRODUCTION Property:
Core Concepts. PowerPoint Lectures to accompany Physical Science, 8e. Chapter 4 Heat and Temperature. New Symbols for this Chapter 2/14/2011
PowerPoint Lectures to accompany Physical Science, 8e Chapter 4 Heat and Temperature Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. New Symbols for this Chapter
Chapter 2 Heat, Temperature and the First Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 2 Heat, Temperature and the First Law of Thermodynamics 2.1. Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 2.2. Thermal Expansion 2.3. Heat and the Absorption of Heat by Solids and Liquids 2.4.
18.13 Review & Summary
5/2/10 10:04 PM Print this page 18.13 Review & Summary Temperature; Thermometers Temperature is an SI base quantity related to our sense of hot and cold. It is measured with a thermometer, which contains
Chemistry Day 5. Friday, August 31 st Tuesday, September 4 th, 2018
Chemistry Day 5 Friday, August 31 st Tuesday, September 4 th, 2018 Do-Now Title: BrainPOP: States of Matter 1. Write down today s FLT 2. List two examples of gases 3. List two examples of things that are
Effect of Temperature on Materials. June 20, Kamran M. Nemati. Phase Diagram
Effect of Temperature on Materials June 20, 2008 Kamran M. Nemati Phase Diagram Objective Phase diagrams are graphical representations of what phases are present in a material-system at various temperatures,
CHEE 221: Chemical Processes and Systems What is a process?
CHEE 221: Chemical Processes and Systems What is a process? An operation (or series of operations) by which a particular objective is accomplished Chem Eng: operations that cause a physical or chemical
THERMODINAMICS. Tóth Mónika
THERMODINAMICS Tóth Mónika 2014 monika.a.toth@aok.pte.hu Temperature Temperature: is related to the average energy of the motion of the particles of an object or system. Different temperature scales. Thermometer