High Energy Physics An Example of Global Science
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1 High Energy Physics An Example of Global Science Siegfried Bethke Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner Heisenberg Institut) München FZ Karlsruhe, The innermost Structure of Matter History of the Universe Particle Accelerator Labs in the World CERN and the Large Hadron Collider LHC Data and Computing The LHC Computing Model Universal Science S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
2 D i m e n s i o n e n u n d S t r u k t u r d e r M a t e r i e Universum Galaxie Sonnensystem m, 10 kg m, 10 kg m, 10 kg Erde m, 10 kg Mensch m, 10 kg Atom m, 10 kg?? Atomkern Nukleon m, 10 kg m, 10 kg -18 Quark, Lepton <10 m, 10 kg??????? S. Bethke
3 . History of the Universe γ ν Time Today Temperature Age 2.7 K 15 Billion years We are here ν γ Heavy Star Heavy Atom ν ν First Supernovae Formation of Stars and Galaxies 11 K 1 Billion years Proto-Galaxy Universe becomes transparent ν Formation of atoms. Decoupling of K Hydrogen Atom Helium Atom years Radiation from Matter. p p ν e γ n n p p ν e γ e Helium Nucleus p e Neutrino ν p n n p γ Electron Nukleosynthesis e p Proton Photon of Helium (Hydrogen Nucleus) n n K Positrons disappear 1 sec. γ n Neutron p e p Q ν e Q Formation of e Q Q Q Q Q Q Q ν Positron Protons and Neutrons e e ν Q Proton Q (Baryon) Antiquarks disappear K ν g ν sec Gluon γ Q Z W Q Q Q? Asymmetry Q - Q L - L 27 e Y ν 10 K sec L Inflation Q Q ν ν Q g ν X? Grand Unification e?? Z e Q ν QUANTUM- 31 Q GRAVITATION 10 K sec L? S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct Big Bang 3????? Matter dominated era Radiation dominated era
4 Particle Accelerator Labs in the World S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
5 CERN / Geneva LEP / LHC S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
6 Member States of CERN S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
7 Member States of CERN S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
8 S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
9 Cern s staff and users age distributions S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
10 LHC S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
11 S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
12 The CMS Detector at the LHC S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
13 The ATLAS Detector S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
14 ATLAS Collaboration in May 1997 (1685 people / 144 Institutes) CERN Non-Member States 41% CERN Member States 59% S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
15 ATLAS Collaboration CERN Member States S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
16 ATLAS Collaboration CERN Non Member States S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
17 LHC Data and Computing the challenge: 40 MHz collision rate > unfiltered data flow ~ B/s 4 experiments; Hz data taking rate (~10 Billion phone calls) raw event size: 0.12 / 1 / 1-25 MB (LHCb / ATLAS-CMS / ALICE) total raw data storage: 7 PB/a total simulated Data storage: 3.2 PB/a ( Bytes/year; km thick pile of A4-paper) world-wide* tape storage: 28.5 PB/a (40 million CD-Rom s) world-wide* disk storage: 10.4 PB/a (140k disks à 75 GB) world-wide* CPU capacity: 7350 k SI-95 (360k today s PCs) WAN bandwidth (Tier-0/-1): 1500 Mbps (1 experiment) (5000 Mbps when serving all 4 exp. s) * all Tier-0, Tier-1 and Tier-2 computing centres, excl. Tier-3 and -4 S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
18 S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
19 Steering Group MEMBERSHIP OF THE REVIEW Members: S. Bethke (MPI Munich) Chair H.F. Hoffmann (CERN) CERN Director for Sc. Computing D. Jacobs (CERN) Secretary M. Calvetti (INFN Florence) Chair of the Mgmt and Resources Panel M. Kasemann (FNAL) Chair of the Software Project Panel D. Linglin (CC-IN2P3 / CNRS) Chair of the Computing Panel In Attendance: Representative Alternate IT Division M. Delfino (CERN) L. Robertson (CERN) ALICE F. Carminati (CERN) K. Safarik (CERN) ATLAS N. McCubbin (RAL) G. Poulard (CERN) CMS M. Pimia (CERN) H. Newman (CALTECH) LHCb J. Harvey (CERN) M. Cattaneo (CERN) Observers: R. Cashmore (CERN) CERN Director for collider programmes J. Engelen (NIKHEF) LHCC Chairman Worldwide Analysis / Computing Model Panel D. Lenglin (CC-IN2P3 / CNRS) Chair F. Gagliari (CERN) Secretary Expt. Reps.: Representative Alternate ALICE A. Masoni (INFN Rome) A. Sandoval (GSI Darmstadt) ATLAS A. Putzer (U. Heidelberg) L. Perini (U. Milan) CMS H. Newman (CALTECH) W. Jank (CERN) LHCb F. Harris (U. Oxford) M. Schmelling (MPI Heidelberg) Experts: Y. Morita (KEK) C. Michau (UREC-STIC / CNRS) Software Project Panel M. Kasemann (FNAL) Chair A. Pfeiffer (CERN) Secretary and CERN-IT representative Expt. Reps.: Representative Alternate ALICE R. Brun (CERN) A. Morsch (CERN) ATLAS D. Barberis (U. Genoa) M. Bosman (U.A. Barcelona) CMS L. Taylor (Northeastern U.) T. Todorov (IN2P3 Strasbourg) LHCb P. Mato (CERN) O. Callot (LAL Orsay) Experts: V. White (FNAL) Management and Resources Panel M. Calvetti (INFN Florence) Chair M. Lamanna (INFN Trieste and CERN) Secretary Expt. Reps.: Representative Alternate ALICE P. Vande Vyvre (CERN) K Safarik (CERN) ATLAS J. Huth (Harvard) H. Meinhard (CERN) CMS P. Capiluppi (INFN Bologna) I. Willers (CERN) LHCb J. Harvey (CERN) J.P. Dufey (CERN) Experts: F. Etienne (IN2P3 Marseille) J. Gordon (RAL) L. Robertson (CERN) F. Ruggieri (INFN Bari) T. Wenaus (BNL) K. Woller (DESY) G. Wormser (IN2P3 Paris) S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
20 The LHC Computing Model Experiments Tier-0 CERN The Grid Tier-1 Region 1 Region 2 Region GridKa3 Region 4 CERN Tier-2 Country 1 Country 2 Country 3 Country 4 Country 5... Tier-3 Lab 1 Uni 2 Uni 3 Lab 4 Uni 5 Lab 6... Tier-4... S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
21 The LHC Data Grid S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
22 High Energy Physics has initiated and created the World Wide Web is about to become the first global Data Grid is a true example of Universal Global Science S.Bethke GridKa Inauguration, FZ Karlsruhe, 30 Oct
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