Presented by Carmine Serio

Transcription

1 A. Carissimo, I. De Feis 1, P. Di Girolamo, G. Grieco, G. Masiello, C. Serio, D. Summa Department of Environmental Engineering and Physics, Potenza, Italy 1 Institute of Applied Mathematics, IAC/CNR, Napoli, Italy Presented by Carmine Serio Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 1

2 MTG IR sounder mission primary objective is water vapour To derive Atmospheric Motion Vectors by tracking features in water vapour retrieval (wind velocity distribution as a function of the altitude: altitude-resolved winds) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 2

3 Analysing the potential MTG IRS vertical resolution using NAST-I as proxy for MTG IRS NAST-I: the NPOESS Aircraft Sounder Testbed Interferometer of NASA MTG IRS Spectral Sampling.25 cm -1 FOV km Spectral coverage: three bands Band 1: 645 to 13 cm -1 Band 2: 129 to 2 cm -1 Spectral Sampling.625 cm -1 FOV 4 to 6 km Spectral coverage: two bands Band 1: 7 to 121 cm -1 Band 2: 16 to 2175 cm -1 Band 3: 198 to 276 cm -1 Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 3

4 Example of δ-iasi inversion for water vapour from 1 NAST-I spectra observed during the CAMEX/3 experiment. Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 4

5 Retrieving H 2 O vertical structure, The EAQUATE case study 1 RAOB NAST-I retrieval 2 3 Pressure, p (mbar) H 2 O mixing ratio, q H2 O (g/kg) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 5

6 F.G. RAOB Brindisi Physical Inversion γ=.7 2 γ=1. 2 γ=2. 2 γ= Pressure [mbar] d.o.f.=7.5 9 d.o.f.=7.2 9 d.o.f.=6.5 9 d.o.f.= water vapour [g/kg] Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 6

7 EAQUATE case study Averaging Kernel Spread for the NAST-I Retrieval H 2 O NAST-I retrieval Dry layer at Km ( mbar) 2.5 X:.76 Y: Altitude (km) Altitude (Km) H 2 O Retrieval Vertical Resolution, Δ x (Km) H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 7

8 Example of δ-iasi inversion for water vapour from 1 NAST-I spectra observed during the EAQUATE experiment SIR method (Very High vertical resolution inverse method) 1 2 RAOB NAST-I retrieval 1 2 RAOB NAST-I retrieval (Average) 3 3 Pressure (mbar) Pessure (mbar) H 2 Omixing ratio (g/kg) H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 8

9 Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 9

10 Further Analysis (with emphasis on H 2 O) Consolidate the results for the vertical spatial scale. Study the MTG IRS capability to resolve relevant horizontal spatial scales. Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 1

11 DATA set Lidar data, mostly to investigate 1-D (vertical) correlation structure in the vertical (length scale of 1 meter) NAST-I data, to investigate 2-D (horizontal) correlation structure (length scale of 2 km) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 11

12 Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 12

13 NAST-I flew on board of ER-2 approximately altitude of 2-21 km over Bahamas Islands 77 scan line x 13 fov=11 spectra Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 13

14 EAQUATE (European AQUA Thermodynamic Experiment) Data acquired during the Italian field validation Proteus flight (3-11 September, 24) NAST-I flew on board of Proteus approximately altitude of 15 km over southern part of Italy 1439 scan line x 13 fov=1877 spectra Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 14

15 1-D vertical correlation structure (Lidar data) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 15

16 Lidar Data Analysis Lidar Map De-trendezing the map = = = T T dt h m t h Z T h s dt t h Z T h m h s h m t h Z t h z h t t h Z )] ( ), ( [ 1 ) ( ), ( 1 ) ( ) ( ) ( ), ( ), ( and altitude, O mixing ratio at time, be the H ), ( Let Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 16

17 Statistical Significance of trend and residual Campaign Location Date Variance explained by the trend (%) EAQUATE Potenza 6 Sept EAQUATE Potenza 9 Sept LAUNCH Potenza 1 Oct LAUNCH Potenza 19 Oct LAUNCH Potenza 26 Oct PRE-COBRA Potenza 31 Jan COBRA Cervinia 1 Mar COPS Achern 1 Aug Variance explained by the residual (%) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 17

18 Trend analysis 1 EAQUATE, Sept. 6th 1 EAQUATE, Sept. 9th Altitude, h (m) 5 m(h) s(h) Altitude, h (m) 5 m(h) s(h) 5 1 H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) 5 1 H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) 1 LAUNCH, Oct. 1st 1 LAUNCH, Oct. 19th Altitude, h (m) 5 m(h) s(h) Altitude, h (m) 5 m(h) s(h) 5 1 H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) 5 1 H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 18

19 Trend Analysis 1 1 Altitude, h (m) 5 LAUNCH, Oct. 26th m(h) s(h) Altitude, h (m) 5 PRE-COBRA m(h) s(h) 5 1 H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) 5 1 H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) Altitude, h (m) 1 5 COBRA m(h) s(h) Altitude, h (m) 1 5 COPS m(h) s(h) 5 1 H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) 5 1 H 2 O mixing ratio (g/kg) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 19

20 Trend Analysis Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 2

21 Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 21

22 Trend Analysis Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 22

23 2-D horizontal correlation structure (NAST-I data) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 23

24 CAMEX/3 case study Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 24

25 Methodology, Variogram or Second Order Structure function γ ( h) = u( x + h) u( x) 2 For a Stationary Process ( C() C( )) γ ( h) = 2 h For a Brownian Motion or random walk, the covariance function is not defined, but the variogram is. γ ( h) h Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 25

26 CAMEX/3 case study, inversion for temperature and water vapour Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 26

27 Variogram analysis, CAMEX/3 experiment Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 27

28 Variogram analysis, CAMEX/3 experiment Super channel variogram Log-log plot super channel variogram Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 28

29 Results from EAQUATE Experiment Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 29

30 Variogram Analysis, EAQUATE Experiment Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 3

31 Fitting the variogram with algebraic functions CAMEX/3, Water Vapour 1.1 CAMEX/3, Temperature Normalized Variogram, γ(r) fitted curve Normalized Variogram, γ(r) fitted curve Lag, r (km) γ ( r) 2 2σ a = 1 1+ r r 1 α.1 1 a r 1+ r Lag, r (km) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 31 β

32 1 CAMEX/3 Experiment Correlation Function (dimensionless) Temperature Water Vapour Lag, r (km) C( r) 2 σ a = 1+ r r 1 α 1 a + r 1+ r2 Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 32 β

33 Correlation Length scale Correlation Length Scale, l (km) l = + C( r) 2 σ dr Camex/3 Eaquate 1 Eaquate 2 Eaquate 3 T H 2 O Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 33

34 Combined effect of horizontal and vertical resolution Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 34

35 EAQUATE EXPERIMENT Adriatic Sea AIRS RETRIEVAL NAST-I RETRIEVAL 1 RAOB AIRS retrieval 1 RAOB NAST-I retrieval Pressure, p (mbar) Pressure, p (mbar) H 2 O mixing ratio, q H2 O (g/kg) H 2 O mixing ratio, q H2 O (g/kg) Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 35

36 Conclusions The 1-D vertical structure of water vapour is dominated by a smooth trend whose essential structures can be captured by a vertical spatial resolution of 1 km. Even in clear sky, the 2-D horizontal correlation length scale for H 2 O is below 1 km. There are both theoretical and experimental evidences that the spectral resolution and FOV size, which are planned for the MTG IRS, will result in a sounder capable to reveal fine vertical and horizontal water vapour structures, which, in turn, should make it possible to derive AMV. Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 36

37 Acknoweldgements EUMETSAT: (Stephen Tjemkes) NASA NAST-I team: ( in particular William L. Smith, Allen Larar) Eaquate Italian team leader : V. Cuomo Darmstadt, 3-5-Dec. 27 3rd Post-MSG User Consultation Workshop 37