Tuned Liquid Column Dampers with Period Adjustment Equipment for Earthquake Vibrations of High-rise Structures

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1 6 Nio Coss o Cii Eii, i 6-7,, S Uisi, S, I Tud iquid Cou Ds wi Piod djus Equi fo Equ Vibios of Hi-is Sucus ousi Fsidif, Sd Soii - ssoci ofsso, cic Eii D, Fdowsi Uisi of sd, fsid@u.c.i - PD Cdid, cic Eii D, Fdowsi Uisi of sd, soii78@oo. bsc Tis isis icio of bi-dicio ibio ss, Tud iquid Cou D wi Piod djus qui TCD-P, wic is usd o dcs ibios of iis buidis du o qu osciios. T TCD-P is wo d-of-fdo DOF ss siss of wo U-sd ubs fid wi w TCDs d duu. T sd TCD, Piod djus qui P, is s fis o d cd bo i. T wo TCDs cd ou i ubs o of ic us. T iquid disc i P ss os idd di, wic is cd o duu. T iquid us, i ubs d duu oid si siffss fo ss. O o d, iquid o i wo TCDs oids oi di fo qui. T iquid ss i wo TCDs d duu oid quid ss fo ss. Tfo, is of d siss of djusb s fo b ui of fquc d di fficis. I is, ffc of ious io s of TCD-P o qu ibios of buidis is isid. T sucu is odd s si DOF ss quid wi TCD-P o of buidi. Kob qu d is od fo odi of qu osciios, d oi Nw od is id fo disc, oci d ccio ccuios. T ffcs of ios d ios fo U-sd ubs of wo TCDs isid. oo, ffcs of duu s suc s ss, si siffss d of duu discussd. T fquc ffcs of TCD d P qui so sudid. I is sow TCD-P is usfu ss fo ducio of buidi ibios. I is so sow ow ious s ssis dsis o b djus of TCD-P ss. Tis sud s scs o b udsdi of TCD-P ss, d ds dsis o ci o ffici ds fo i-is buidis. Kwods: Tud iquid Cou D, Piod djus Equi, Hi-is Sucu, Equ Vibio.. INTRODUCTION I c s, sucio of w i-is buidis fciid d dod i uis du o i d so is. Ts d sd buidis usu subjcd o wid d qu ibios, wic cus sucu fiu, disfo o occus d fucio of qui. Tfo, iiio of wid d qu iducd ibios b usi su di dics s b wid isid. o ssi o dics, ud ss ds TDs d ud iquid ds TDs b wid od fo dcsi wid d qu iducd ibio of buidi sucus. T oii id of ud iquid u d TCD ws dod b Si. fo sussio of oio oio of sucus. f, qui fw sc s, Xu., Hicc., Bd. 4, i. 5 d Fix. 6, ifid is ffciss fo sussi wid iducd oio soss, o wo Hicc. isid of TCDs o uifo ss-scios i oio d ic us, d s iquid u ibio bsob CV. Rc, icio of TCDs ws fu xdd o sussio of ici oio fo bid dcs.., Xu. 7 d Wu. 8. Fo icio o o of oio oio owd iio, so scs s ffos o dii oi TCD dsis, suc s C. 9 d C o udd sucus, Wu., o dd sucus, d Y. o bo dd d udd sucus. Ti sus of oi s is oidd fo cs odi o buidis is wi-ois, suc s wid-bdd o wid ods. T so so icios of TCD ois, icudi iod djus ciss. B oidi Tud iquid Cou D wi Piod djus Equi TCD-P, bio of

2 6 Nio Coss o Cii Eii, i 6-7,, S Uisi, S, I iquid oio i iquid u d b ud 4. Tis ss ws ioducd d dod b Tu d Yosid fis 5, bu fw wos fd o i; d ffcs of diff s iod i ss is o isid i s. Suc ss s b isd i o foo of 6 so Ho Cosi, ow cd Ho Sofi i Too 6. Cosidi soi ffcs, sucu sos diffs fo fixd bs od. Vious isiios fod o sud soi-sucu icio SSI ffcs. Fo x, fquc doi sis ws fod b Xu d Kwo 7 o obi wid iducd ibios of soi-sucud ss. oo, fquc idd xssios oosd b wof 8 o di swi d oci dsos, d d sis of iid cicu foudio. Rc, iu. 9 dod ic od fo i doi sis of wid iducd osciios of buidi wi TD sidi soi ffcs. Soii. isid oiid s fo ud ss ds o dcs qu ibios of i-is buidis icudi SSI ffcs. ou uous wos fod ci TCD ffcs, fw isiios cid ou o i sos of i-is buidis du o qu xciios. I fc, os scs focusd o wid od ffcs oi wi ois ods. T i doi sis of sucus is dous ocss fo b udsdi of qu osciios d TCD-P ccisics. Sic TCDs oi dics, oi ods; suc s oi Nw od, soud b od o isi ibio bio of sucus,. I is, ic od of sucu wi TCD-P qui is dod fo ccui qu soss. T od is od o obi i sos of 4 so buidi usi TCD-P dic. T ffcs of diff s suc s ss scio ios, ios, d oss fficis d duu s isid. T s ccud wi d wiou duu ffcs, usi ui DOF od fo sucu. Tis sud io scs owd of qu osciios fo buidi wi TCD-P qui.. ODEING OF T BUIDINGS Fiu sows sucu wi TCD-P qui. ss, siffss d di of sucu ssud s, K d C, sci. T i iso of buidi disc is idicd b x, wi i iso of iquid disc fo ic d oio us of TCD sow s d, sci; d fo P qui is sd s. Fiu sows TCD-P fiuio. T iic fo sucu is obid i foowi fo: T x x x x x x x Fiu : Buidi fiuio wi d Fiu : TCD-P fiuio 4,5 I is quio, d s ss scio of ic d oio us of TCD, sci; wi sow ss scio of P dic. Sii, d idic ic d oio u of TCD, sci; d dos o iquid i P qui. T duu ss, d u oio ssud s, d θ, sci; wi ss is dfid s, d ρ is fuid dsi. T oi fo sucu c b ccud s foows: U Kx s s P V

3 6 Nio Coss o Cii Eii, i 6-7,, S Uisi, S, I I wic, is ic of iquid i P dic, d dos si siffss of duu d is disc o i sf; sci, d fs o i. I ddiio, P d V idic ssu d ou of i oo, sci, wi =.4 sows scific of i. Cosidi oific, disios ud b s i suc fo : T o-si focs ccud i foowi fo: Cx Q 4 T s η d η s d oss ffici fo TCD d P qui, sci. T ss scio ios of TCD d P us sus oio u dfid s foows: 5 Sii, ios of TCD d P us sus oio u dfid s foows: 6 T iui diio bw oio d ic u of TCD ids: 7 Subsiui,,, d i iic, oi d o-si foc ios, s quios ud b sd bsd o d ios. Usi s quio, quio of oio fo buidi sow i Fiu is obid s foows,: } { } { } { * u x x c x 8 w, c d do ss, di d siffss of oscii ss. * idics ccio ss ix fo qu d u is qu ccio. Cosidi TCD-P qui, sucu is DOF oscio ss. Usi s quio, d diidi quios b ; ss, di d siffss ics obid i foowi fo 5, : 9 K C c * I iod quios, d sci sow ffci d si-ffci of TCD, wic ccud s foows:

4 6 Nio Coss o Cii Eii, i 6-7,, S Uisi, S, I 4 Fuo, d ffci ss d siffss of duu, wic dfid s foows: 4 T is o ss of d duu, i foowi fo: 5 Fi, dos i siffss s foows: V P 6 I is c di ix is oi o, du o oi di of TCD. T u fqucis of TCD, P d sucu obid sci i foowi fo: K T s s 7 I wic, s μ d μ o-disio ss fficis dfid s foows: 8 so: V P 9 T o-disio disc } { x icudi disc of buidi s w s TCD-P oio c b sd i foowi fo: T x x } { } { T o-disioid fo of ss, di d siffss ics is sd s foows: s c s * 4

5 6 Nio Coss o Cii Eii, i 6-7,, S Uisi, S, I I wic, μ d o-disioid fficis dfid i foowi fo: 5 6 cdi o Ri ooio di, di ix of N-so sucu ids s foows: c NN NN NN 7 i wic d Ri di fficis. I is, Kob qu ccio scu is id o sucu, d i sos of TCD d buidi ccud bsd o oi Nw iio od.. IUSTRTIVE EXPE T odoo ouid ious is od o ccu sucu sos of 4-so buidi wi TCD. Tb sows sucu s bsd o id ss of fud od fo ui od iciio f 9. T TCD is isd o o of buidi fo b di of ibios. T sc sis sow i Tb 4. Tb : Sucu s 9 No. of sois 4 So Hi Z i 4 Ui od ss. 7 Fis Nu Fquc ω s.65 ds.6 H Sucu Siffss K N Sucu Di C.69 6 Ns Di Coffici ξ.65 Ri Di Cofficis =, =. ccio s Tb : T sis fo TCD-P.,..,. η, η 5 4 N Ti sc 4 5 Fiu : Kob qu ccio scu s iod bfo, Kob qu d is od o isi ffc of ious s fo TCD dic. Fiu sows Kob qu ccio scu, wic ws bou 7 Ric d occud i 6 Ju 995 i Kob. T objci is o dcs xiu bsou d oo squ RS us of disc d ccio of sois dui qu osciio. 4. RESUTS ND DISCUSSIONS Cosidi icsi ss io of TCD o sucu woud ics fficic of TCD,, ss io is s s s 6.5% of fis od ss i css. I od o isi ffcs of diff s, wo css sudid: TCD-P wi d wiou duu. T i ou i i oo is ssud wi osic ssu, fo; 4 is obid. 5

6 6 Nio Coss o Cii Eii, i 6-7,, S Uisi, S, I Cosidi TCD-P wiou duu d, dsi s ssud s: ios,, ss scio ios, d of oio u. Tb sows oxid bs us of s s fo dcsi xiu bsou d RS us of disc d ccio. Tb : T oiid TCD-P s Bs Vus bsou Vus RS Vus u x u x u x u x η 5 5 η ω ds Wiou Pduu Wi Pduu ω ds =.... =..7.. N ω ds ω ds Tis b idics xc fo xiu u of ccio, iiu quiis obid w d dcsd o s ossib qui,.7-,. d. I iis bs sus obid w,, ω ds d ω 45ds. How, bs us of ccio cid w d ducd o s fsib us,.6, d is icsd o xiu obb qui. I ss iiu ccio is id w ω ds d ω.75ds. T d oss fficis ssud s η =η = i css. Fiu 4 sows cs of xiu bsou u of disc wi d, d fiu 5 sows s cs wi d quiis. T o s s s os dscibd i Tb. s i c b s i s fius, xiu disc is dcsd w d, ducd. T ffc of d ios o xiu disc is sd i fiu 6, fo = =. d =.75. cdi o is fiu, disc is dcsd b duci d u o ui, d i is icsd. Tfo, s quiis obid w.8 d.; s iod bfo. xiu Disc xiu Disc Fiu 4: T cs of u x wi d Fiu 5: T cs of u x wi d xiu Disc Fiu 6: T ffc of d o u x xiu RS of Disc Fiu 7: T ffcs of η d η o RS of disc 6

7 6 Nio Coss o Cii Eii, i 6-7,, S Uisi, S, I I od o isi ffc of d oss fficis, o dsi ibs s s os obid ious fo bsou u of disc. cdi o Tb, bs d oss fficis fo bsou quiis η =η =; d fo RS quiis η =5 d η =. How, ssui η =η = bis ss % o i sus. Fiu 7 sows ffc of η d η o RS us of disc, fo ibs djusd sii o quiis sd i Tb. Cosidi TCD-P wi duu d, dsi s ssud s: io =, ss scio io =, of oio u, duu ss, d si siffss, d. cdi o ious sus, ios d ss scio ios suosd o b s fo TCD d P qui. i is so ssud =., = d =.8 78 ; w =. is icss. Tb sows oxid bs us fo dcsi xiu bsou d RS us of disc d ccio. cdi o is b, iiu us obid w d dcsd o s fsib qui, =. d. How, bs sis fo xiu u of ccio =.7 d. oo, duu ss is o b ducd, wi si siffss d duu soud b cd. I iis xc fo bsou ccio us, bs sus obid w ω ds d ω 45ds. T d oss fficis ssud s η =η = i css. Fiu 8 sows cs of xiu u of disc wi d = ios. T o ibs s bsd o Tb. I c b s is s iosi bw o ss scio io d oio u. I, is o b ducd b ic of = ios. T ffc of d o xiu disc is sd i fiu 9, wi o s djusd o bs sis offd i Tb. cdi o is fiu, bs us of disc cid w =. I is so ob xiu disc is si dcsd b ic of. Tb 4 sows xiu us of objci fucios fo sucu wi d wiou TCD-P qui. cdi o is b, xiu fsib ducio is icsd b usi duu, if is s s o. xiu Disc = Fiu 8: T cs of u x wi d = xiu Disc Fiu 9: T ffc of d o u x Tb 4: Vibio wi d wiou TCD-P bsou Vus RS Vus Bs Vus Rsus %Rducio Rsus %Rducio u x u x s u x u x u x u x s u x u x TCD-P Wiou Pduu TCD-P Wi Pduu wiou TCD-P CONCUSIONS I is, ic od of i-is sucu wi TCD-P qui is dod o obi qu soss. Sic di of TCD-P dic is oi, oi Nw od is od o fo i iso sis. T ss scio ios, ios, d oss fficis d oio u d duu s suc s ss, si siffss d of duu ssud s dsi ibs, d objci is o dcs xiu bsou d RS us of disc d ccio. T ffc of TCD-P wi d wiou duu is isid. T sus sow bs ducio i disc RS d bsou us d RS of ccio is obid w ss scio ios oc ui, ios dcsd o s ossib qui d of 7

8 6 Nio Coss o Cii Eii, i 6-7,, S Uisi, S, I oio u is bou. I is ddicd si siffss d s ss of duu bis b sus. How, bsou u of ccio is o b sudid idiidu. I is so sow TCD-P is dous dic fo qu ibio iiio of i-is buidis. Tis sud ios udsdi of qu osciios di soi ffcs, d s dsis o ci oiid TCD fo i-is buidis. 6. REFERENCES Si, F., Td, S., d Ti, T., 989, Tud iquid u d w dic fo sussio of buidi ibio, Pocdis of Iio Cofc o Hi-is Buidis, Nji, Ci, Xu, Y.., Si, B., d Kwo, K. C. S., 99, Coo of o wid sos of sucus b ss d iquid ds, SCE Jou of Eii cics, 8,. 9. Hicc, P.., Kwo, K.C.S., d Wis, R. D., 997, Ccisics of iquid u ibio bsobs CV I, II, Eii Sucus 9, Bd, T., W, C.., d Rs, G., 999, Effciss of TCD o ious sucu sss, Eii Sucus 4, i, K.W., Ki, H.S.,, S.H., Ki, H., d, S.K., 5, Pfoc uio of ud iquid u ds fo sos o of 76-so bc buidi, Eii Sucus 77,.. 6 Fix, J..P., B, J..R., Bsi,..R.F., 5, O ud iquid u ds oud o sucu f ud o-id xciio, Jou of Soud d Vibio 8 5, Xu, S.D., Ko, J.., d Xu, Y..,, Tud iquid u d fo sussi ici oio of sucus, Eii Sucus, Wu, J.C., W, Y.P.,, C.., io, P.H., d C, Y.H., 8, Wid-iducd icio of o-uifo ud iquid u d d sucu i ici oio, Eii Sucus, C, C.C., d Hsu, C.T., 998, Coo foc of iquid u ibio bsobs, Eii Sucus 7, C, C.C., 999, ss ds d i oi dsis fo buidi ibio o, Eii Sucus, Wu, J.C., Si,.H., i, Y.Y., d S, Y.C., 5, Dsi uidis fo ud iquid u d fo sucus sodi o wid, Eii Sucus 7, Wu, J.C., C, C.H., d i, Y.Y., 9, Oi dsis fo o-uifo ud iquid u ds i oio oio, Jou of Soud d Vibio 6,.4. Y, S., d K,.,, Oiu bsob s fo ud iquid u ds, SCE Jou of Sucu Eii 68, Siiu, K. d Tu.,., 994, Do of ibio o ss usi U-sd, Pocdis of s Iio Woso d Si o Bio of S Sucus i Sisic s, Tiiso, Roi: Tu,., Yosid, O., 996, Do of ibio o ss usi U-sd w, wod fc o Equ Eii WCEE, P No K,., Kijwsi, T., Tu, Y. iiio of oios of T Buidis wi Scific Exs of Rc icios, Jou of Wid d Sucus, Xu, Y.., Kwo, K.C.S., 99, Wid-iducd sos of soi sucu d sss, Jou of Wid Eii d Idusi odics, 4, Wof, J.P., 994, Foudio Vibio sis Usi Si Psic ods, Pic-H, Ewood Ciffs, NJ. 9 iu,.y., Ci, W.., Hw, J.H., d Cu, C.R., 8, Wid-iducd ibio of i-is buidi wi ud ss d icudi soi sucu icio, Jou of Wid Eii d Idusi odics, 96,. 9. Soii, S., bcid,. d Fsidif,.,, Tud ss Ds fo Equ Osciios of Hi-is Sucus Usi Coo Oiiio Tciqu, ISE, T, I. Co,. K., 995, Dics of Sucus: To d icio o Equ Eii, Pic H Ic., 4 Ediio, Nw Js. Subbj, K., d Doiis,.., 989, Su of Dic Ti-Iio ods i Couio Sucu Dics-II. Iici ods, Cous d Sucus, Toso, W.T., D,.D., 997, To of Vibio wi icios, Pic H Ic., 5 d., odo. 8