La Heliosfera y el entorno espacial terrestre
|
|
- Angel Stewart
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 La Heliosfera y el entorno espacial terrestre Sergio Dasso 1, 1 Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio (IAFE), CONICET-UA, Argentina Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UA, Argentina Departamento de Física Juan José Giambiagi Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
2 Clase 1: El Sol El ciclo solar Radiación solar Marco teórico gral para Física Espacial MHD Ondas de choque en el espacio Reconección de líneas magnéticas Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
3 Interior del Sol ZONA CONVECTIVA: la materia realiza movimientos convectivos (como la ebullición). Se extiende hasta 1R 0 y la energía se transporta por convección Zona Convectiva 1.5x10 6 K Zona radiativa Núcleo ZONA RADIATIVA: Se extiende hasta 0.86R 0. La energía se transporta por radiación. Un fotón generado en el interior está sometido a constantes interacciones con el medio (tarda 10 7 años en llegar a la superficie). NÚCLEO: Se extiende hasta 0.5R 0. La energía se produce por fusión de H que se transforma en He. Las reacciones nucleares transforman kg de H por segundo Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
4 Atmósfera solar Fotosfera: emisión térmica, 6000 K Cromosfera: dominado por líneas de emisión Corona: estructuras magnéticas Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
5 Ciclo de manchas solares 1609: Galileo observa las manchas solares. Schwabe (1843) descubre el ciclo de 11 años. Mínimos de actividad (Maunder, ) Hoy sabemos que las manchas trazan regiones de intensos campos magnéticos. El campo solar es bastante mas complicado que un dipolo, pero tambien es producido por corrientes eléctricas. Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
6 Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
7 Variabilidad de la radiación electromagnética solar Gran variabilidad de radiación solar en EUV, X, radio Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
8 Variabilidad de la radiación electromagnética solar Gran variabilidad de radiación solar en EUV, X, radio (pero mayor energía en visible e IR, poca variabilidad con actibidad solar)
9 Variabilidad de la radiación electromagnética solar Gran variabilidad de radiación solar en EUV, X, radio (pero mayor energía en visible e IR, poca variabilidad con actibidad solar)
10 Dynamics of charged particles in space The fundamental problem Too many particles to follow detailed trajectory in the phase space! Statistic (how many in the vicinity of a state): Kinetic Theory [ ] )) ( ( )) ( ( ) ( 1 1 t t e t i i c i i m i dt d i i dt d i r v E r v v r + q t t c c πρ π E E J E )) ( ( ) ( ), ( )) ( ( ), ( 1 1 t t e t t e t i i N i i i N i i q r r v r J r r r δ δ ρ More complex than gravity: One source of fields is not conserved, and it evolves self-consistently with the fields! Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
11 Typical plasma distribution function of H+ in the interplanetary space Adapted, from McComas et al., 007, Rev of Geophys.
12 Typical plasma distribution function of H+ in the interplanetary space
13 Typical plasma distribution function of H+ in the interplanetary space Full Kinetic Theory (KT): Evolution of f(v) (weak or strong coupling)
14 Typical plasma distribution function of H+ in the interplanetary space ulk (large and slow) scales can be modeled using MHD (moments of f(v) and truncate KT) ut in some point, the truncation needs to be repaired (a patch) [e.g., ook Plasma Astrophysics by Somov, 006] Simplified KT + to know the bulk behavior (scenario)
15 Conservación de la masa Conservación de la cantidad de movimiento
16 MagnetoHydrodynamics (the groundwork) - From merging fluids and electromagnetism - In general, valid for slow motions and smooth and large spatial scales t ρ + ( ρu) 0 Mass conservation d ρ dt U 1 p + ( ) + ρg + ρν 4π U Linear momentum conservation β 8πnkT d dt γ ( pρ ) 0 Energy (simplified): ideal gas, thermodynamics polytropic (γc p /C v for adiabatic, γ1 for isothermic) Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
17 MagnetoHydrodynamics (the groundwork) - From merging fluids and electromagnetism - In general, valid for slow motions and smooth and large spatial scales t ρ + ( ρu) 0 Mass conservation d ρ dt U 1 p + ( ) + ρg + ρν 4π U Linear momentum conservation β 8πnkT d dt γ ( pρ ) 0 Energy (simplified): ideal gas, thermodynamics polytropic (γc p /C v for adiabatic, γ1 for isothermic) t ( U ) + η c +..., η 4πσ Magnetic induction equation (from simplified Ohm s law and Faraday) Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
18 MagnetoHydrodynamics (the groundwork) - From merging fluids and electromagnetism - In general, valid for slow motions and smooth and large spatial scales t ρ + ( ρu) 0 Mass conservation d ρ dt U 1 p + ( ) + ρg + ρν 4π U Linear momentum conservation β 8πnkT d dt γ ( pρ ) 0 Energy (simplified): ideal gas, thermodynamics polytropic (γc p /C v for adiabatic, γ1 for isothermic) More general cases can be used in MHD 0 No magnetic monopoles t ( U ) + η? c +..., η 4πσ Magnetic induction equation (from simplified Ohm s law and Faraday) c J 4π Ampere: J is decoupled, can be computed a posteriori, from And electric field hided, can be computed from the Ohm law
19 Magnetic forces: Pressure and tension Magnetic pressure 1 ( ) 4π 1 [( ) ( 4π / )] d ds ( sˆ) d ds ( / )ˆ s + Magnetic tension (restitutive force) nˆ R c Cancellation of pressure force along (thus, forces are perpendicular to ) Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
20 Modos normales en MHD linealizada
21 Modos normales en MHD linealizada
22 Ondas de Alfvén
23 Frozen-in condition when η0: is transported by the fluid Exercise: We switch on the following (given) velocity profile (i.e., a kinematic problem) on an initial magnetic field (vertical and uniform) in an ideal medium. To find the evolution for the magnetic field. Hint: to solve the ideal induction equation. ( r, t U( r, t 0) yˆ 0 > 0) U 0 exp[ y / D ]ˆ x t0 t>0 t x y ( u ), 0, 0 x y U 0 y t y y, t) exp[ ],, y z D D ( 0 x 0 t y t z 0 y 0 x Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
24 MagnetoHydrostatic (MHD equilibria) Hierachy ( complexities ) for configuration C o m p l e x n e s s Current free (J0) or Potential field ( x0) Linear force free field, J(αc/4π): xα (curvature force balanced by magnetic pressure) General fff, J//±: xα(r) Equilibrium with one ignored coordinate (z): Grad-Shafranov formalism β <<1 dp A π da 1 4 dz da General equilibrium: Elliptical equation: it requires information on A(x,y) for the closed boundary of the domain to be properly solved 1 0 p + ( ) 4π Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
25 MHD supports shock waves In MHD, as in classical fluids, when an object travels faster than the velocity of the waves in the medium, it will drive a shock wave A substantial jump in, U, and n occurs at a shock wave Quantitative relationships can be derived for the jumps of MHD quantities at the shock wave, e.g., the most simple { n }0 In the shock wave, due to that small scales are activated, dissipation will be efficient, even for very small values of η Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
26 Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
27 MHD supports magnetic reconnection Changes in the magnetic topology of magnetic configuration of field lines Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014
28 Opening ICMEs by Interchange Reconnection Gosling, irn, and Hesse [1995] At CME liftoff a. Partial disconnection (closed-closed) creates flux rope coil b. Interchange reconnection (closed-open) opens coil As ICME moves out into heliosphere Interchange reconnection at Sun may continue to open field lines Crooker, Gosling, and Kahler [00]
29 Main ideal MHD Invariants Φ ds S d dt c Φ J dl σ l moving slice of a magnetic flux tube E de dt 1 dv ρu + + ρφg π, g V 8 φ ( ) 1 J + ρνω, ω U, ω dv ω V σ g Main mechanisms for energy transference: E u E (dynamo) E E U +diss(reconnection) spatial scales (turbulence) H c V dv U dh dt c ( η + ρν ) dv i j iu j ( η + ρν ) for U 0 V V Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014 dv J ω
30 Main ideal MHD Invariants Φ ds S ut turbulent dissipation 1 E dv ρu + + ρφg φg π, g V 8 de dv σ J + ρνω, ω U, ω dt V d dt c Φ J dl σ l ( ) 1 ω moving slice of a magnetic flux tube Main mechanisms for energy transference: E u E (dynamo) E E U +diss(reconnection) spatial scales (turbulence) ut turbulent dissipation H c V dv U dh dt c ( η + ρν ) dv i j iu j ( η + ρν ) for U 0 V V Astropartículas y Física Solar LAGO. Univ. San Francisco de Quito, 0-4 enero, 014 dv J ω
31 Fin clase 1
SW103: Lecture 2. Magnetohydrodynamics and MHD models
SW103: Lecture 2 Magnetohydrodynamics and MHD models Scale sizes in the Solar Terrestrial System: or why we use MagnetoHydroDynamics Sun-Earth distance = 1 Astronomical Unit (AU) 200 R Sun 20,000 R E 1
More informationMacroscopic plasma description
Macroscopic plasma description Macroscopic plasma theories are fluid theories at different levels single fluid (magnetohydrodynamics MHD) two-fluid (multifluid, separate equations for electron and ion
More informationSpace Physics. An Introduction to Plasmas and Particles in the Heliosphere and Magnetospheres. May-Britt Kallenrode. Springer
May-Britt Kallenrode Space Physics An Introduction to Plasmas and Particles in the Heliosphere and Magnetospheres With 170 Figures, 9 Tables, Numerous Exercises and Problems Springer Contents 1. Introduction
More informationIdeal Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
Ideal Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Nick Murphy Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Astronomy 253: Plasma Astrophysics February 1, 2016 These lecture notes are largely based on Lectures in Magnetohydrodynamics
More informationFundamentals of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
Fundamentals of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Thomas Neukirch School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St. Andrews STFC Advanced School U Dundee 2014 p.1/46 Motivation Solar Corona in EUV Want to
More information1 Energy dissipation in astrophysical plasmas
1 1 Energy dissipation in astrophysical plasmas The following presentation should give a summary of possible mechanisms, that can give rise to temperatures in astrophysical plasmas. It will be classified
More informationRadiative & Magnetohydrodynamic Shocks
Chapter 4 Radiative & Magnetohydrodynamic Shocks I have been dealing, so far, with non-radiative shocks. Since, as we have seen, a shock raises the density and temperature of the gas, it is quite likely,
More informationConservation Laws in Ideal MHD
Conservation Laws in Ideal MHD Nick Murphy Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Astronomy 253: Plasma Astrophysics February 3, 2016 These lecture notes are largely based on Plasma Physics for Astrophysics
More informationFluid equations, magnetohydrodynamics
Fluid equations, magnetohydrodynamics Multi-fluid theory Equation of state Single-fluid theory Generalised Ohm s law Magnetic tension and plasma beta Stationarity and equilibria Validity of magnetohydrodynamics
More informationPLASMA ASTROPHYSICS. ElisaBete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino IAG-USP. NOTES: (references therein)
PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS ElisaBete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino IAG-USP NOTES:http://www.astro.iag.usp.br/~dalpino (references therein) ICTP-SAIFR, October 7-18, 2013 Contents What is plasma? Why plasmas in astrophysics?
More informationIntroduction to Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
Introduction to Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Tony Arber University of Warwick 4th SOLARNET Summer School on Solar MHD and Reconnection Aim Derivation of MHD equations from conservation laws Quasi-neutrality
More informationMHD turbulence in the solar corona and solar wind
MHD turbulence in the solar corona and solar wind Pablo Dmitruk Departamento de Física, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires Motivations The role of MHD turbulence in several phenomena in space and solar
More information13. ASTROPHYSICAL GAS DYNAMICS AND MHD Hydrodynamics
1 13. ASTROPHYSICAL GAS DYNAMICS AND MHD 13.1. Hydrodynamics Astrophysical fluids are complex, with a number of different components: neutral atoms and molecules, ions, dust grains (often charged), and
More informationBeyond Ideal MHD. Nick Murphy. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Astronomy 253: Plasma Astrophysics. February 8, 2016
Beyond Ideal MHD Nick Murphy Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Astronomy 253: Plasma Astrophysics February 8, 2016 These lecture notes are largely based on Plasma Physics for Astrophysics by
More informationMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Robertus v F-S Robertus@sheffield.ac.uk SP RC, School of Mathematics & Statistics, The (UK) The Outline Introduction Magnetic Sun MHD equations Potential and force-free fields
More informationMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Philippa Browning Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics University of Manchester
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Philippa Browning Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics University of Manchester MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) 1. The MHD equations. Magnetic Reynolds number and ideal MHD 3. Some
More informationIntroduction to Plasma Physics
Introduction to Plasma Physics Hartmut Zohm Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 85748 Garching DPG Advanced Physics School The Physics of ITER Bad Honnef, 22.09.2014 A simplistic view on a Fusion Power
More informationProf. dr. A. Achterberg, Astronomical Dept., IMAPP, Radboud Universiteit
Prof. dr. A. Achterberg, Astronomical Dept., IMAPP, Radboud Universiteit Rough breakdown of MHD shocks Jump conditions: flux in = flux out mass flux: ρv n magnetic flux: B n Normal momentum flux: ρv n
More informationPHYS 643 Week 4: Compressible fluids Sound waves and shocks
PHYS 643 Week 4: Compressible fluids Sound waves and shocks Sound waves Compressions in a gas propagate as sound waves. The simplest case to consider is a gas at uniform density and at rest. Small perturbations
More informationReduced MHD. Nick Murphy. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Astronomy 253: Plasma Astrophysics. February 19, 2014
Reduced MHD Nick Murphy Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Astronomy 253: Plasma Astrophysics February 19, 2014 These lecture notes are largely based on Lectures in Magnetohydrodynamics by Dalton
More informationMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Philippa Browning Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics University of Manchester
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Philippa Browning Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics University of Manchester MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) 1. The MHD equations. Magnetic Reynolds number and ideal MHD 3. Some
More informationTopological Methods in Fluid Dynamics
Topological Methods in Fluid Dynamics Gunnar Hornig Topologische Fluiddynamik Ruhr-Universität-Bochum IBZ, Februar 2002 Page 1 of 36 Collaborators: H. v. Bodecker, J. Kleimann, C. Mayer, E. Tassi, S.V.
More informationThe Virial Theorem, MHD Equilibria, and Force-Free Fields
The Virial Theorem, MHD Equilibria, and Force-Free Fields Nick Murphy Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Astronomy 253: Plasma Astrophysics February 10 12, 2014 These lecture notes are largely
More informationProblem set: solar irradiance and solar wind
Problem set: solar irradiance and solar wind Karel Schrijver July 3, 203 Stratification of a static atmosphere within a force-free magnetic field Problem: Write down the general MHD force-balance equation
More informationEquilibrium and transport in Tokamaks
Equilibrium and transport in Tokamaks Jacques Blum Laboratoire J.-A. Dieudonné, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis Parc Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 02, France jblum@unice.fr 08 septembre 2008 Jacques Blum
More informationPlasma Physics for Astrophysics
- ' ' * ' Plasma Physics for Astrophysics RUSSELL M. KULSRUD PRINCETON UNIVERSITY E;RESS '. ' PRINCETON AND OXFORD,, ', V. List of Figures Foreword by John N. Bahcall Preface Chapter 1. Introduction 1
More informationThe Physics of Fluids and Plasmas
The Physics of Fluids and Plasmas An Introduction for Astrophysicists ARNAB RAI CHOUDHURI CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Preface Acknowledgements xiii xvii Introduction 1 1. 3 1.1 Fluids and plasmas in the
More informationMAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS - 2 (Sheffield, Sept 2003) Eric Priest. St Andrews
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS - 2 (Sheffield, Sept 2003) Eric Priest St Andrews CONTENTS - Lecture 2 1. Introduction 2. Flux Tubes *Examples 3. Fundamental Equations 4. Induction Equation *Examples 5. Equation
More information20. Alfven waves. ([3], p ; [1], p ; Chen, Sec.4.18, p ) We have considered two types of waves in plasma:
Phys780: Plasma Physics Lecture 20. Alfven Waves. 1 20. Alfven waves ([3], p.233-239; [1], p.202-237; Chen, Sec.4.18, p.136-144) We have considered two types of waves in plasma: 1. electrostatic Langmuir
More informationMagnetic Reconnection: explosions in space and astrophysical plasma. J. F. Drake University of Maryland
Magnetic Reconnection: explosions in space and astrophysical plasma J. F. Drake University of Maryland Magnetic Energy Dissipation in the Universe The conversion of magnetic energy to heat and high speed
More informationPROBLEM SET. Heliophysics Summer School. July, 2013
PROBLEM SET Heliophysics Summer School July, 2013 Problem Set for Shocks and Particle Acceleration There is probably only time to attempt one or two of these questions. In the tutorial session discussion
More informationMHD RELATED TO 2-FLUID THEORY, KINETIC THEORY AND MAGANETIC RECONNECTION
MHD RELATED TO 2-FLUID THEORY, KINETIC THEORY AND MAGANETIC RECONNECTION Marty Goldman University of Colorado Spring 2017 Physics 5150 Issues 2 How is MHD related to 2-fluid theory Level of MHD depends
More informationFUNDAMENTALS OF MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS (MHD)
FUNDAMENTALS OF MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS (MHD) Dana-Camelia Talpeanu KU Leuven, Royal Observatory of Belgium Basic SIDC seminar ROB, 7 March 2018 CONTENTS 1. Ideal MHD 2. Ideal MHD equations (nooooooo.) 2.1
More informationSpecial topic JPFR article Prospects of Research on Innovative Concepts in ITER Era contribution by M. Brown Section 5.2.2
Special topic JPFR article Prospects of Research on Innovative Concepts in ITER Era contribution by M. Brown Section 5.2.2 5.2.2 Dynamo and Reconnection Research: Overview: Spheromaks undergo a relaxation
More informationKinetic, Fluid & MHD Theories
Lecture 2 Kinetic, Fluid & MHD Theories The Vlasov equations are introduced as a starting point for both kinetic theory and fluid theory in a plasma. The equations of fluid theory are derived by taking
More informationarxiv:astro-ph/ v1 27 May 2005
2D stationary resistive MHD flows: borderline to magnetic reconnection solutions D.H. Nickeler a,, H.-J. Fahr b arxiv:astro-ph/0505554v1 27 May 2005 a Astronomical Institute, Utrecht University, Princetonplein
More informationPlasma spectroscopy when there is magnetic reconnection associated with Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the Caltech spheromak jet experiment
Plasma spectroscopy when there is magnetic reconnection associated with Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the Caltech spheromak jet experiment KB Chai Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute/Caltech Paul M.
More informationMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
KHU Valery Nakariakov Introduction to MHD 1 Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Lecturer: Professor Valery Nakariakov, V.Nakariakov@warwick.ac.uk Online lecture notes: http://goo.gl/opgmzk MHD describes large scale,
More informationMagnetohydrodynamic waves in a plasma
Department of Physics Seminar 1b Magnetohydrodynamic waves in a plasma Author: Janez Kokalj Advisor: prof. dr. Tomaž Gyergyek Petelinje, April 2016 Abstract Plasma can sustain different wave phenomena.
More informationMagnetic Reconnection in ICME Sheath
WDS'11 Proceedings of Contributed Papers, Part II, 14 18, 2011. ISBN 978-80-7378-185-9 MATFYZPRESS Magnetic Reconnection in ICME Sheath J. Enzl, L. Prech, K. Grygorov, A. Lynnyk Charles University, Faculty
More informationNovember 2, Monday. 17. Magnetic Energy Release
November, Monday 17. Magnetic Energy Release Magnetic Energy Release 1. Solar Energetic Phenomena. Energy Equation 3. Two Types of Magnetic Energy Release 4. Rapid Dissipation: Sweet s Mechanism 5. Petschek
More informationRecapitulation: Questions on Chaps. 1 and 2 #A
Recapitulation: Questions on Chaps. 1 and 2 #A Chapter 1. Introduction What is the importance of plasma physics? How are plasmas confined in the laboratory and in nature? Why are plasmas important in astrophysics?
More informationFrancesco Califano. Physics Department, University of Pisa. The role of the magnetic field in the interaction of the solar wind with a magnetosphere
Francesco Califano Physics Department, University of Pisa The role of the magnetic field in the interaction of the solar wind with a magnetosphere Collaboration with M. Faganello & F. Pegoraro Vien na,
More informationWaves in plasma. Denis Gialis
Waves in plasma Denis Gialis This is a short introduction on waves in a non-relativistic plasma. We will consider a plasma of electrons and protons which is fully ionized, nonrelativistic and homogeneous.
More informationSummary of the Equations of Fluid Dynamics
Reference: Summary of the Equations of Fluid Dynamics Fluid Mechanics, L.D. Landau & E.M. Lifshitz 1 Introduction Emission processes give us diagnostics with which to estimate important parameters, such
More informationSpace Plasma Physics Thomas Wiegelmann, 2012
Space Plasma Physics Thomas Wiegelmann, 2012 1. Basic Plasma Physics concepts 2. Overview about solar system plasmas Plasma Models 3. Single particle motion, Test particle model 4. Statistic description
More informationDynamical evolution of magnetic flux ropes in the solar wind
Geofísica Internacional 47 (3), 295-299 (2008) Dynamical evolution of magnetic flux ropes in the solar wind M. S. Nakwacki 1*, S. Dasso 1,2, P. Démoulin 3 and C. H. Mandrini 1 1 Instituto de Astronomía
More informationDate of delivery: 29 June 2011 Journal and vol/article ref: IAU Number of pages (not including this page): 7
Date of delivery: 29 June 2011 Journal and vol/article ref: IAU 1101498 Number of pages (not including this page): 7 Author queries: Typesetter queries: Non-printed material: The Physics of Sun and Star
More informationHeliophysics Shocks. Merav Opher, George Mason University,
Heliophysics Shocks QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Merav Opher, George Mason University, mopher@gmu.edu Heliophysics Summer School, July 25, 2008 Outline
More informationSingle Particle Motion in a Magnetized Plasma
Single Particle Motion in a Magnetized Plasma Aurora observed from the Space Shuttle Bounce Motion At Earth, pitch angles are defined by the velocity direction of particles at the magnetic equator, therefore:
More informationSimple examples of MHD equilibria
Department of Physics Seminar. grade: Nuclear engineering Simple examples of MHD equilibria Author: Ingrid Vavtar Mentor: prof. ddr. Tomaž Gyergyek Ljubljana, 017 Summary: In this seminar paper I will
More informationarxiv: v1 [astro-ph.sr] 28 Jul 2010
A Theory about Electric Current and Heating in Plasma arxiv:1007.4959v1 [astro-ph.sr] 28 Jul 2010 Zhiliang Yang Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing zlyang@bnu.edu.cn ABSTRACT The
More informationThe ideal Maxwellian plasma
The ideal Maxwellian plasma Dr. L. Conde Departamento de Física Aplicada. E.T.S. Ingenieros Aeronáuticos Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Plasmas are,... The plasma state of matter may be defined as a
More informationSchool and Conference on Analytical and Computational Astrophysics
2292-3 School and Conference on Analytical and Computational Astrophysics 14-25 November - 2011 Magnetohydrodynamics in solar and space physics Daniel Osvaldo Gomez Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del
More informationTheoretical Foundation of 3D Alfvén Resonances: Time Dependent Solutions
Theoretical Foundation of 3D Alfvén Resonances: Time Dependent Solutions Tom Elsden 1 Andrew Wright 1 1 Dept Maths & Stats, University of St Andrews DAMTP Seminar - 8th May 2017 Outline Introduction Coordinates
More informationInferring the Structure of the Solar Corona and Inner Heliosphere during the Maunder Minimum using MHD simulations
Inferring the Structure of the Solar Corona and Inner Heliosphere during the Maunder Minimum using MHD simulations Pete Riley, Roberto Lionello, Jon Linker, and Zoran Mikic Predictive Science, Inc. (PSI),
More informationStellar Magnetospheres part deux: Magnetic Hot Stars. Stan Owocki
Stellar Magnetospheres part deux: Magnetic Hot Stars Stan Owocki Key concepts from lec. 1 MagRe# --> inf => ideal => frozen flux breaks down at small scales: reconnection Lorentz force ~ mag. pressure
More informationMagnetohydrodynamic Waves
Magnetohydrodynamic Waves Nick Murphy Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Astronomy 253: Plasma Astrophysics February 17, 2016 These slides are largely based off of 4.5 and 4.8 of The Physics of
More informationLesson 3: MHD reconnec.on, MHD currents
Lesson3:MHDreconnec.on, MHDcurrents AGF 351 Op.calmethodsinauroralphysicsresearch UNIS,24. 25.11.2011 AnitaAikio UniversityofOulu Finland Photo:J.Jussila MHDbasics MHD cannot address discrete or single
More informationSolar eruptive phenomena
Solar eruptive phenomena Andrei Zhukov Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence SIDC, Royal Observatory of Belgium 26/01/2018 1 Eruptive solar activity Solar activity exerts continous influence on the solar
More informationMHD turbulence in the solar corona and solar wind
MHD turbulence in the solar corona and solar wind Pablo Dmitruk Departamento de Física, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires Turbulence, magnetic reconnection, particle acceleration Understand the mechanisms
More informationPhysical modeling of coronal magnetic fields and currents
Physical modeling of coronal magnetic fields and currents Participants: E. Elkina,, B. Nikutowski,, A. Otto, J. Santos (Moscow,Lindau,, Fairbanks, São José dos Campos) Goal: Forward modeling to understand
More informationPROBLEM 1 (15 points) In a Cartesian coordinate system, assume the magnetic flux density
PROBLEM 1 (15 points) In a Cartesian coordinate system, assume the magnetic flux density varies as ( ) where is a constant, is the unit vector in x direction. a) Sketch the magnetic flux density and the
More informationSolar-cycle variations of interaction regions: in-ecliptic observations from 1 to 5 AU
Solar-cycle variations of interaction regions: in-ecliptic observations from 1 to 5 AU J. Américo González-Esparza Instituto de Geofísica, UNAM, México D.F., México Received: November 6, 1998; accepted:
More informationExpected in Situ Velocities from a Hierarchical Model for Expanding Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections
Solar Physics DOI: 10.1007/ - - - - Expected in Situ Velocities from a Hierarchical Model for Expanding Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections P. Démoulin 1, M.S. Nakwacki 2, S. Dasso 2,3, C.H. Mandrini
More informationChapter 1. Introduction to Nonlinear Space Plasma Physics
Chapter 1. Introduction to Nonlinear Space Plasma Physics The goal of this course, Nonlinear Space Plasma Physics, is to explore the formation, evolution, propagation, and characteristics of the large
More informationBasic plasma physics
Basic plasma physics SPAT PG Lectures Jonathan Eastwood 10-14 October 2016 Aims Provide new PhD students in SPAT and the SPC section with an overview of the most important principles in space plasma physics,
More information13. REDUCED MHD. Since the magnetic field is almost uniform and uni-directional, the field has one almost uniform component ( B z
13. REDUCED MHD One often encounters situations in which the magnetic field is strong and almost unidirectional. Since a constant field does not produce a current density, these fields are sometimes said
More information0 Magnetically Confined Plasma
0 Magnetically Confined Plasma 0.1 Particle Motion in Prescribed Fields The equation of motion for species s (= e, i) is written as d v ( s m s dt = q s E + vs B). The motion in a constant magnetic field
More informationSOLAR MHD Lecture 2 Plan
SOLAR MHD Lecture Plan Magnetostatic Equilibrium ü Structure of Magnetic Flux Tubes ü Force-free fields Waves in a homogenous magnetized medium ü Linearized wave equation ü Alfvén wave ü Magnetoacoustic
More informationOpen magnetic structures - Coronal holes and fast solar wind
Open magnetic structures - Coronal holes and fast solar wind The solar corona over the solar cycle Coronal and interplanetary temperatures Coronal holes and fast solar wind Origin of solar wind in magnetic
More informationICMs and the IPM: Birds of a Feather?
ICMs and the IPM: Birds of a Feather? Tom Jones University of Minnesota 11 November, 2014 KAW8: Astrophysics of High-Beta Plasma in the Universe 1 Outline: ICM plasma is the dominant baryon component in
More informationMHD Flow Field and Momentum Transfer Process of Magneto-Plasma Sail
J. Plasma Fusion Res. SERIES, Vol. 8 (2009) MHD Flow Field and Momentum Transfer Process of Magneto-Plasma Sail Hiroyuki NISHIDA, Ikkoh FUNAKI, Yoshifumi INATANI 1) and Kanya KUSANO 2) University of Tokyo,
More informationA Comparison between the Two-fluid Plasma Model and Hall-MHD for Captured Physics and Computational Effort 1
A Comparison between the Two-fluid Plasma Model and Hall-MHD for Captured Physics and Computational Effort 1 B. Srinivasan 2, U. Shumlak Aerospace and Energetics Research Program University of Washington,
More informationE NCYCLOPEDIA OF A STRONOMY AND A STROPHYSICS
Magnetohydrodynamics Magnetohydrodynamics (or MHD for short) is the study of the interaction between a magnetic field and a plasma treated as a continuous medium (e.g. Cowling 1957, Roberts 1967, Priest
More informationNUMERICAL STUDIES OF WEAKLY STOCHASTIC MAGNETIC RECONNECTION
RevMexAA (Serie de Conferencias), 36, 89 96 (2009) NUMERICAL STUDIES OF WEAKLY STOCHASTIC MAGNETIC RECONNECTION G. Kowal, 1,2 A. Lazarian, 1 E. T. Vishniac 3 and K. Otmianowska-Mazur 2 RESUMEN Estudiamos
More informationTwo Fluid Dynamo and Edge-Resonant m=0 Tearing Instability in Reversed Field Pinch
1 Two Fluid Dynamo and Edge-Resonant m= Tearing Instability in Reversed Field Pinch V.V. Mirnov 1), C.C.Hegna 1), S.C. Prager 1), C.R.Sovinec 1), and H.Tian 1) 1) The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison,
More informationMAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
Chapter 6 MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS 6.1 Introduction Magnetohydrodynamics is a branch of plasma physics dealing with dc or low frequency effects in fully ionized magnetized plasma. In this chapter we will study
More informationCecilia María Guerra Olvera
Universidad de Guanajuato Divisi on de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Revisiting the Wilson-Bappu Effect Por Cecilia María Guerra Olvera Una tesis sometida al Departamento de Astronom ıa como requisito para
More informationENGI 4430 Gauss & Stokes Theorems; Potentials Page 10.01
ENGI 443 Gauss & tokes heorems; Potentials Page.. Gauss Divergence heorem Let be a piecewise-smooth closed surface enclosing a volume in vector field. hen the net flux of F out of is F d F d, N 3 and let
More informationASTR-3760: Solar & Space Physics...Spring 2017
ASTR-3760: Solar & Space Physics...Spring 2017 Review material for midterm exam (March 22, 2017) Although I m not recommending full-on memorization of everything in this document, I do think it s important
More informationMHD Modes of Solar Plasma Structures
PX420 Solar MHD 2013-2014 MHD Modes of Solar Plasma Structures Centre for Fusion, Space & Astrophysics Wave and oscillatory processes in the solar corona: Possible relevance to coronal heating and solar
More informationCreation and destruction of magnetic fields
HAO/NCAR July 30 2007 Magnetic fields in the Universe Earth Magnetic field present for 3.5 10 9 years, much longer than Ohmic decay time ( 10 4 years) Strong variability on shorter time scales (10 3 years)
More informationMagnetic Reconnection in Laboratory, Astrophysical, and Space Plasmas
Magnetic Reconnection in Laboratory, Astrophysical, and Space Plasmas Nick Murphy Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics namurphy@cfa.harvard.edu http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/ namurphy/ November 18,
More informationCoronal Heating Problem
PHY 690C Project Report Coronal Heating Problem by Mani Chandra, Arnab Dhabal and Raziman T V (Y6233) (Y7081) (Y7355) Mentor: Dr. M.K. Verma 1 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 The Coronal Heating Problem 4
More informationMODELLING TWISTED FLUX TUBES PHILIP BRADSHAW (ASTROPHYSICS)
MODELLING TWISTED FLUX TUBES PHILIP BRADSHAW (ASTROPHYSICS) Abstract: Twisted flux tubes are important features in the Universe and are involved in the storage and release of magnetic energy. Therefore
More informationResistive MHD, reconnection and resistive tearing modes
DRAFT 1 Resistive MHD, reconnection and resistive tearing modes Felix I. Parra Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3NP, UK (This version is of 6 May 18 1. Introduction
More informationApplying Asymptotic Approximations to the Full Two-Fluid Plasma System to Study Reduced Fluid Models
0-0 Applying Asymptotic Approximations to the Full Two-Fluid Plasma System to Study Reduced Fluid Models B. Srinivasan, U. Shumlak Aerospace and Energetics Research Program, University of Washington, Seattle,
More informationParticle acceleration in stressed coronal magnetic fields
To be submitted to ApJ Letters Particle acceleration in stressed coronal magnetic fields R. Turkmani 1,L.Vlahos 2, K. Galsgaard 3,P.J.Cargill 1 and H. Isliker 2 ABSTRACT This letter presents an analysis
More informationThe first super geomagnetic storm of solar cycle 24: The St. Patrick day (17 March 2015) event
The first super geomagnetic storm of solar cycle 24: The St. Patrick day (17 March 2015) event Chin Chun Wu 1, Kan Liou 2, Bernard Jackson 3, Hsiu Shan Yu 3, Lynn Hutting 1, R. P. Lepping 4, Simon Plunkett
More information- Marine Hydrodynamics. Lecture 14. F, M = [linear function of m ij ] [function of instantaneous U, U, Ω] not of motion history.
2.20 - Marine Hydrodynamics, Spring 2005 ecture 14 2.20 - Marine Hydrodynamics ecture 14 3.20 Some Properties of Added-Mass Coefficients 1. m ij = ρ [function of geometry only] F, M = [linear function
More informationShocks in the ICM and the IPM
Shocks in the ICM and the IPM Tom Jones (University of Minnesota) 1 Outline Setting the stage for following talks The Interplanetary and Intracluster Media as Collisionless Plasmas Basic Introduction to
More informationBasics of MHD. Kandaswamy Subramanian a. Pune , India. a Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics,
Basics of MHD Kandaswamy Subramanian a a Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411 007, India. The magnetic Universe, Feb 16, 2015 p.0/27 Plan Magnetic fields in Astrophysics MHD
More informationKonvektion und solares Magnetfeld
Vorlesung Physik des Sonnensystems Univ. Göttingen, 2. Juni 2008 Konvektion und solares Magnetfeld Manfred Schüssler Max-Planck Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung Katlenburg-Lindau Convection &
More informationIntroduction to the Sun and the Sun-Earth System
Introduction to the Sun and the Sun-Earth System Robert Fear 1,2 R.C.Fear@soton.ac.uk 1 Space Environment Physics group University of Southampton 2 Radio & Space Plasma Physics group University of Leicester
More informationPlasmas as fluids. S.M.Lea. January 2007
Plasmas as fluids S.M.Lea January 2007 So far we have considered a plasma as a set of non intereacting particles, each following its own path in the electric and magnetic fields. Now we want to consider
More informationSuperposed epoch study of ICME sub-structures near Earth and their effects on galactic cosmic rays
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. paper c ESO 2016 August 10, 2016 Superposed epoch study of ICME sub-structures near Earth and their effects on galactic cosmic rays Masías-Meza, J.J. 1, Dasso, S.
More informationConstrained Transport Method for the Finite Volume Evolution Galerkin Schemes with Application in Astrophysics
Project work at the Department of Mathematics, TUHH Constrained Transport Method for the Finite Volume Evolution Galerkin Schemes with Application in Astrophysics Katja Baumbach April 4, 005 Supervisor:
More informationIntroduction to MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) Antoine Cerfon, Courant Institute, New York University
Introduction to MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) Antoine Cerfon, Courant Institute, New York University Email: cerfon@cims.nyu.edu SULI Introductory Course in Plasma Physics, June 6, 2016 PART I: DESCRIBING
More information