ﺔـــــــــــــﻳﺮﺳﻷﺍ ﻞـــــــــﻣﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﺯﺮــﺑﺃ ﻲﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺼﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺮﺛﺆﳌﺍ

Transcription

1 ا برز العوامل الا سرية المو ثرة على مستوى التحصيل الدراسي א د. محمد بن صالح عبد االله شراز א א א א

2 א א א א א א א א א א א ٨٤

3 א א K ا برز العوامل الا سرية المو ثرة على مستوى التحصيل الدراسي א א K ملخص الدراسة א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א E٤٢٩F א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א אF א א א E א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א K א א K א א א א א ٨٥ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

4 א א א א א א א Major Family Factors Affecting the Level of School Achievement By: Dr. Mohammad S. Sharaz Abstract This study addresses the major factors affecting the secondary school students level of school achievement. A random sample of (429) secondary school students was selected, representing private and public secondary schools in Makkah. A questionnaire was used to collect data for the demographic and the independent variables. Dependent variables data were collected from the secondary school certificate examinations results at Jeddah examinations center. The results of the study show that parent s employment and education play a positive role in the level of achievement of their students. They also show that family size is among the important factors affecting the level of achievement. The study also found that the number of sisters who quit school has no effect on the level of achievement of their brothers still attending school, whereas a negative effect on them becomes evident in the case of male brothers discontinuing their general education. The study results emphasize the importance of the mother s role in comparison to the role of the father in raising their children s level of school achievement. However, the situation becomes reversed if the mother has had frequent marriages such situation affects the level of school achievement negatively. The study has also found that the level of achievement at school is affected by the upbringing style of their parents. Student raised in a respectful and democratic environment have better school achievements compared to those who go through either too harsh or too lenient treatment at home. The study also found that the level of achievement is affected by the economic conditions of the family: the better the economic condition, the higher school achievement. It was also found that school plays the most important role in raising level of achievement. This role, however, depends heavily on the roles of both the student and his family, which surpass that of the school and essential prerequisite for it. Finally, the study puts forward some recommendations that match its findings. א א א א ٨٦

5 א א K W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K ٨٧ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

6 א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א K א א א א : א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א E ٢٠٠٥F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א E ٢٠٠٥F א א א א א א א א א א א ٨٨

7 א א K א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א W א א א א א א K١ א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א K٢ א א א א א א א א א א א F K א א א א א א א א א א ٨٩ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

8 א א א א א א א א א א א א א EK א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K K٣ K٤ K٥ W א א א א א א א K١ א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א ٩٠

9 א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א K٢ K٣ K٤ K٥ ٩١ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

10 א א א א א א א W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א אW א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א W א א א א א א א ما هي أبرز وأهم العوامل المو ثرة على التحصيل الدراسي للطلاب א א א : א W א W א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א ٩٢

11 א א K א א א א א א א א אא א E ١٩٨٥ F א א א א א א א א א א א אK א א א א א א א א א E ١٤٠١F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א E ١٩٨٧F א א א א א א א E ١٤٠٦F א א א א א E ١٩٨٦ F א א א א א E ١٩٩٠F א E ١٩٧٨F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E ١٩٨٥F א א א א א א א א א א א א א E ١٩٧٥F א א א א E ١٩٩٠F א א א א א א א א א E ١٤٢١ F K א א א א ٩٣ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

12 א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E ١٩٨٣F א א א א א E ١٩٨٩ F א א א א א א א א א א א א E ١٩٧٧F א א א א א E ١٩٧٩F א א א K א א א א א W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K (Moore & Pepler, 1998) א א א א א א ٩٤

13 א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א (Wang, et al, 1993) א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Kellaghan, et al, 1993) א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א (Coleman,1988) א א W א א א א א א K א א א א א E אF א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א אF א E א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א (Bourdieu, 1984) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א ٩٥ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

14 א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Marjoribanks, 1986) K א א א א א א א W א א א א א א א א K א א א א (Mcloyd,1998) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Hallinan,1988) א א א א א K א א א א א א א ٩٦

15 א א K (Blake,1989) א א א א א א א א F E א א א א א א א א א א K W א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א E ١٩٨٦ F א א KE ١٢F E٢F א א א KE ٢٠F E١٥F א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K(Fischer, 1984) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K(Jawad,1991) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א ٩٧ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

16 א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א K(Al-Krenawi & Graham, 1997) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Camara,1978) א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א (Oyefeso, & Adegoke,1992) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א ٩٨

17 א א K א (Cherian,1990) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K(Kampambwe,1980) א א א א א א א א K(Strassmann,1997) א א א א א (Strassmann,1997) א א א א א א א E١١F א E٧F K א א א א א א (Cherian,1990) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א אGraham,1997) K(Al-krenawi & א א א (Holtzman, & Moore,1965) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Owuamanam,1992) א א א א א K א א א ٩٩ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

18 א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Dorjahn,1998) (Adams,1994) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א 1998) K(Al-Krenawi, א א א (Chaleby,1987) א א א א א א א א א א א א (Owuamanam,1984) א (Al-Issa,1990) א א א א א א א א (D' Hondt & Vandewiele,1980) א א א א א א א א ١٠٠

19 א א K א א א א א K א (Al-Krenawi,1998) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Al-Krenawi & Graham,1997) א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א W K א א א א א א א אK א א א א א K א א א א א א א א W א אא א א א א א א א א א א אal,1992) א (Mulkey,et א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א ١٠١ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א - - -

20 א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א (Mulkey, et al,1992) א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Mulkey, et al,1992) א K א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א (Astone & Mclanahan,1991) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K(Astone & Mclanahan,1991) א א א א ١٠٢

21 א א K W א א א א א א (Kellaghan, et al,1993) א (Parcel & Menagha, 1994) א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K (Bogenschneider & Steinberg,1994F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א W א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E٤٢٩F א א א E٣٥F א א א א ١٠٣ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

22 א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א E א אF א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א KE٠{٧٩F א א א א א א א א א E ١٠٠F א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E ٧٠F א א א א א E ٣٠F א K א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א ١٠٤

23 א א K א אW א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K W א א א א א א א א א א א א W א א א א א E ١F א א א א א א א א א א ٨{٩٤ ٧٩{٤٠ ٢٢١ ١ ٩{٢٧ ٨١{٩٧ ١٤٢ ٢ ٩{٣٣ ٨٣{٠٧ ٦١ ٣ ٩{١٨ ٨٠{٧٩ ٤٢٤ א א א א E J١F א א K E٤٢٤F א א א א א E٢٢١F א א א ١٠٥ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

24 א א א א א א א א K E١٤٢F K E٦١F א א א א א א א א E٨{٩٤F א E٧٩{٤F א E٨١{٩٧F א KE٩{٢٧F א KE٩{٣٣F א E٨٣{٠٧F א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א W א א (ANOVA) א E ١F א א א א א E F א א א א ٠{٠٠٣ ٥{٩٤٥ ٤٦٩{٨٥٥ ٧٩{٠٣٢ ٢ ٤٢١ ٩٣٩{٧٠٩ ٣٣٢٧٢{٣٧٦ G א א א ٤٢٣ ٣٤٢١٢{٠٨٦ א K א א W G F א א א א א א א א א E א א א א ١٠٦

25 א א K א א E F א E٥{٩٤٥F א א א א א א א E٠{٠٥F א א א א א א KE٠{٠٠٣F א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א (Scheffe) א א W E ١F א אF א א E א א א א א א א א א ٠{٠٢٨ ٠{٩٥ ٢{٥٦ ٢ ١ ٠{٠١٨ ١{٢٨ ٣{٦٦ ٣ ١ ٠{٧٢٣ ١{٣٦ ١{٠٩ ٣ ٢ א א א א E ١F א א א K א א א א א א א א א א E٢{٥٦F א א E٠{٠٢٨F א א א E٠{٩٥F א א א E٠{٠٥ F ١٠٧ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

26 א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א E٣{٦٦F א א E١{٢٨F א א E٠{٠١٨F א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E١{٣٦F E١{٠٩F א א א E٠{٧٢٣F K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א ١٠٨

27 א א K W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א W א J١ א E F א א א W א א א E ٢F א א א E F א א א א א א א # א ٠{٠٢٣ ٤٠٩ ٢{٢٧ ٩{٢٧ ٨{٩٦ ٨١{٤٧ ٧٩{٢٢ ٢٩٨ ١١٣ ١ ٢ א א W א א א א E ٢F א K E١١٣F E٢٩٨F א א א E٩{٢٧F א E٨١{٥F א א א E٧٩{٢F א K E٨{٩٦F ١٠٩ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

28 א א א א א א א א א א א א E٢{٢٧F א E F א א א א KE٠{٠٢٣F E٠{٠٥F א א א א א K W א J٢ א E F א א W א א E ٢F א א E F א א א א א א א א # א ٠{٠٠٨ ٤٠٧ ٢{٦٨ ٩{١١ ٨{٨٤ ٨٣{٧٧ ٨٠{٣٠ ٥٣ ٣٥٦ J١ J٢ א א W א א א א E ٢F א E٣٥٦F E٥٣F E٨٣{٧٧F א א א E٩{١١F א K E٨{٨٤F א E٨٠{٣٠F א א א א א א א א ١١٠

29 א א K א E٢{٦٨F א E F א א א א א E٠{٠٠٨F E٠{٠٥F א א א א K W א א J٣ (ANOVA) א א א א א א W א א א א אK א א א אK א א א א אK א א א א א א א א א א F W א א KE א E ٢F א א א א א א א א א א ٩{١٨ ٨٤{٠٤ ٤٩ א א ١ ٨{٩٦ ٨٠{٨٥ ٢٤٦ א ٢ ٨{٦٦ ٧٩{٠١ ١٠٣ א ٣ ٨{٩٣ ٨٠{٧٧ ٣٩٨ א ١١١ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

30 א א א א א א א א E ٢F א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א E٤٩F א א א א E٢٤٦F א א K E١٠٣F א א א א א א א א א א א א א E ٨٤{٠٤F א א א א א א א א א א E ٨٠{٨٥F א א א KE ٧٩{٠١F א א א א א א E٩{١٨F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E٨{٩٦F א א א א א א א א E٨{٦٦F א א K א א א א (ANOVA) א א W א א א א ١١٢

31 א א K E ٢F א א א א א E F א א א א ٠{٠٠٤ ٥{٥٢٠ ٤٢٢{٩٥٧ ٧٦{٦٢٩ ٢ ٣٩٥ ٨٤٥{٩١٣ ٣٠٢٦٨{٥١٩ G א א א ٣٩٧ ٣١١١٤{٤٣٢ א K א א W G א E F א E ٢F א א א א א א א א א E٠{٠٥F א א K א א א א א א א א א א א (Scheffe) א א W E ٢F א אF א א E א א א א א א א א א ٠{٠٦٧ ١{٣٦٩ ٣{١٩ א ٢ א א ١ ٠{٠٠٤ ١{٥١٩ ٥{٠٣ ٣ א א א א ١ ٠{٢٠٣ ١{٠٢٧ ١{٨٣ ٣ א א א ٢ ١١٣ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

32 א א א א א א א א א E ٢F א א א E ٢F א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א KE٠{٠٥F W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א K א א א J١ א א א א א א W א E ٣F א א א א א J٠{١١٦ ٠{٠٠٩ ٤١٢ א א אF א E א א א א א א א ١١٤

33 א א K א א א א K E ٣F א א א א א א א א אJ٠{١١٦ F א E א א E٠{٠٠٩F א K א א E٠{٠٥F K א א א J٢ א א א א א א E ٣F א א א א א J٠{١١١ ٠{٠٢٨ ٣٩٣ א א W א א אF א E א א א א א א א E ٣F א א K א א א א א א א א א K א א E٠{٠٢٨F א א E J٠{١١١F K א א E٠{٠٥F א א ١١٥ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

34 א א א א א א א K א א א א J٣ א א א א א א E ٣F א א א א א W א א א א א J٠{٠٥٧ ٠{٢٥١ ٤٠٤ אF א E א א א א א א א א E ٣F א א א K א א א א E٠{٠٥٧F א א א א א א KE٠{٢٥١F E٠{٠٥F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א KW W א J١ א א E F א א א W א א א א א א א א א א א ١١٦

35 א א K E ٤F א א א א א א א א א א א א E F # א א א א ٠{٠٠١ ٤٢٢ ٣{٣٤٥ ٩{١٩ ٨{٨٩ ٨١{٣٩ ٧٧{٣٠ ٣٦٢ ٦٢ ١ ٢ K א א W א W א א E ٤F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א E٣٦٢F א א א א K E٦٢F א א א א א א E٨١{٣٩F א E٩{١٩F א E٧٧{٣٠F א א א א K E٨{٨٩F א E٣{٣٤٥F א E F א א א א א א א א א E٠{٠٠١F א א א א א א K E٠{٠٥F ١١٧ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

36 א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K W א א J٢ א א א א א א א א א א E F א א W E ٤F א א א א א א א א א א א א E F # א א א א ٠{٢٧٢ ٤٢٢ ١{١٠١ ٩{٠٢ ٨١{٠٩ ٣٠٧ ١ ٨{٨٣ ٨٠{٠١ ١١٧ ٢ K א א W א א W א E ٤F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א E٣٠٧F א א א א א א א א א א א א א K E١١٧F א א א א א א א א א K א א א א ١١٨

37 א א K א א א א א א א א E٨١{٠٩F א K E٩{٠٢F E٨٠{٠١F א א א א א א K E٨{٨٣F א א E٣{٣٤٥F א E F א א א א א א א א א E٠{٢٧٢F א א א א E٠{٠٥F א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א E F א א א K א א א א א א א W W א א א J١ א א E F א א א W א א א א E ٥F א א א א א ٠{٣٦٤ א א א # א א א א א E F א ٨{٩٩ ٨٠{٩٨ ٣٤٦ א ١ ٤٢٢ ٠{٩٠٩ ٩{٠١ ٧٩{٩٦ ٧٨ ٢ K א א W ١١٩ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

38 א א א א א א א א א E ٥F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א K E٧٨F א E٣٤٦F א א א א א E٨{٩٩F א E٨٠{٩٨F א א א א א א K E٩{٠١F א E٧٩{٩٦F א E٠{٩٠٩F א E F א א א א E٠{٠٥F א א א א א א א א א E٠{٣٦٤F K א W א א א J٢ א א א E F א א א א W א א E ٥F א א א E F א א א א א א א א # א א א ٠{٠٠١ ٤٢٢ ٣{٤١٧ ٩{٣١ ٨{٧٨ ٨١{٢٧ ٧٦{٢٢ ٣٨٤ ٤٠ א ١ ٢ K א א W א א א א ١٢٠

39 א א K א א א E ٥F א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א E٣٨٤F K E٤٠F א א א א א E٩{٣١F א E٨١{٢٧F א א א א א K E٧{٧٨F א E٧٦{٢٢F א E٣{٤١٧F א E F א א א א א E٠{٠٥F א א א א א א א E٠{٠٠١F א K א א א א א א א א א א א E J א J F א א W א א ١٢١ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

40 א א א א א א א E ٦F א א א א א א א א א א א ٩{٢١ ٧٩{٥٠ ١٧٥ ١ ٨{٧٨ ٨٣{٤٨ ١١٤ א ٢ ٨{٩٧ ٨٠{٢٠ ١٣٥ ٣ ٨{٩٨ ٨٠{٧٩ ٤٢٤ א א א א E ٦F א K א W א א א א E١٧٥F א א א E١٣٥F E١١٤F א א K א א א E٩{٢١F א E٧٩{٥٠F א א א א א K E٨{٧٨F א E٨٣{٤٨F א א א א א א K E٨{٩٨F א E٨٠{٧٩F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א ١٢٢

41 א א K א א א א א א א א א אANOVA) ) א א W E ٦F א א א א א E F א א א א ٠{٠٠١ ٧{٤١٩ ٥٨٢{٣٦٨ ٧٨{٤٩٧ ٢ ٤٢١ ١١٦٤{٧٣٥ ٣٣٠٤٧{٣٥٠ G א א א ٤٢٣ ٣٤٢١٢{٠٨٦ א K א א W G W א א א א E ٦F א א א א א א א א E٧{٤١٩F א E F א K א א א א א א א א א E٠{٠٠١F א א א א א E٠{٠٥F א K א א א א W א א (Scheffe) א א א ١٢٣ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

42 א א א א א א א E ٦F א אF א א E א א א א א א א א א ٠{٠٠١ ١{٠٦٦ ٣{٩٨ א ٢ ١ ٠{٧٨٩ ١{٠١٤ ٠{٦٩ ٣ ١ ٠{٠١٥ ١{١٢٦ ٣{٢٨ ٣ א ٢ א א א א E ٦F א א א א א א א א א א א א א E١{٠٦٦F E٣{٩٨F א א E٠{٦٩F א א א א א א א E١{٠١٤F א א E٣{٢٨F א א א א א א K E١{١٢٦F א א א א א א א א א א א א E٠{٠٠١F א א א א א א א א א א א א א K E٠{٠١٥F א E٠{٠٥F א א א א א א א ١٢٤

43 א א K א א א E٠{٠٥F א א א E٠{٧٨٩F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א W א א (Stepwise Regression) E ٧F א א א א א אF א E א E אF א א א E#F א א א א א ٤١٢ ٠{٠٠٩ J٠{١١٦ א ١ ٤١٢ א ٠{٠٠٠ ٠{١٦٤ א א ٢ ٤١٢ א ٠{٠٠٠ ٠{١٦٧ א א ٣ ٤ א א א א ٤١٢ א ٠{٠٠٠ ٠{٢٠٣ ٤١٢ א ٠{٠٠٠ ٠{١٧٤ א ٥ ٤١٢ א ٠{٠٠٠ ٠{١٧٤ א ٦ ١٢٥ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

44 א א א א א א א א א א א E ٧F א א א א א א א א א KE٠{٠٥F א א א א E אF א א E אF א K א א א א א א א א F א א א א א א E א א K א א א א א א א א E٠{٢٠٣F א א א א א א E٠{١٧٤F א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א אE٠{١٦F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א KE J٠{١١٦F א א א E F א א א א ١٢٦

45 א א K E ٧F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א F א (R) # ٠{٠٠٠ ١٧{٦ ٠{٠٤١ ٨{٨٠ ٠{٠٣٩ ٠{٠٤١ ٠{٢٠٣ א ١ ٠{٠٠٠ ١٦{٣ ٠{٠٣٧ ٨{٦٤ ٠{٠٧٣ ٠{٠٧٨ ٠{٢٧٩ א ٢ ٠{٠٠٠ ٢٣٥{٨ ٠{٣٣٨ ٨{٨٩ ٠{٤١١ ٠{٤١٦ ٠{٦٤٥ א ٣ ٠{٠٠٠ ١٨{٤ ٠{٠٢٥ ٦{٧٤ ٠{٤٣٦ ٠{٤٤١ ٠{٦٦٤ א א ٤ א א א E ٧ F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א E ٤F א א א א א א א א א א א E ٤F א א א א א KE ٨F א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א ١٢٧ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

46 א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א KE ٤٤F א א א א E ٣٤F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E א א אF א א א א א א א E ٤١F א א א א א א א א KE ٤٤F א א א א א א E ٢{٥F א א א א KE ٤٤F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E ٤٤F א א א K E א F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א ١٢٨

47 א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K ١٢٩ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

48 א א א א א א א E ٧F W א א א א א t Beta א B א א א # ٠{٠٠٠ ٦{٦٤ ٣{٣٢٦ ٢٢{٠٨٥ א ٠{٠٠٠ ٥{٠٦ ٠{١٨٩ ٠{٣٣٢ ١{٦٨٢ א ١ ٠{٠٠٠ ١٥{٩١ ١{٠٨٠ ٠{٥٢٦ ٨{٣٦٣ א ٢ ٠{٠٠٠ ١٥{٨٩ ١{٠٨٠ ٠{٦٧٠ ١٠{٦٤٨ א ٣ ٠{٠٠٠ ٤{٢٩ ٠{١٦١ ٠{٤٦٢ ١{٩٨٦ א א ٤ W א א E ٧F א Z א H E א X א ١{٦٨٢F H ٢٢{٠٨٥ ٨{٣٦٣F H E א X E א א X١{٩٨٦F H E א X١٠{٦٤٨F א W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א ١٣٠

49 א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א ١٣١ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

50 א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א ١٣٢

51 א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א אא W א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א K ١٣٣ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

52 א א א א א א א א א א א א א E אF א א א א א א א א א א א א E א F א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א E F א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א E ٤F א א א א א א E ٤F א א א א א א א א א א א א א ١٣٤

53 א א K א א א א א KE ٨F א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E ٣٤F א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א אF א א א E א E ٤١F K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E ٢{٥F א א א א א א KE ٤٤F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א E ٤٤F א E א F א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א ١٣٥ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

54 א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א אא א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א W א א א א א Z א H E א x ٨{٣٦٣F H E א x ١{٦٨٢F H ٢٢{٠٨٥ א E א א x ١{٩٨٦F H E א x ١٠{٦٤٨F א א א א ١٣٦

55 א א K א W א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א ١٣٧ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

56 א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א א ١٣٨

57 א א K א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א K א א א א ١٣٩ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

58 א א א א א א א א א א א א W א א א א א?KE ١٩٧٩ F א א א א א א W א א?K א א K KE ٢٠٠٥F א /www. islamonline. net/arabic/ adam /2003/09/ article13. shtml א KE ١٩٨٧F א א א K א א W א א א K א א א א KE ١٩٨٨F א א א K א א א א KE ١٩٩٠F א א א K א א?KE ١٩٨٨F א א א א א א א א א א?K א א א K א א א א KE ١٩٧٨ F W א K א א א K א א אKE ١٤٢١ F? א א א א א א א א א א א א א K??K א א א K א א KE ١٤٠١F א א א א K א W א א K א א א א ١٤٠

59 א א K א KE ١٩٨٥ F א א א א K א W K א א א א?KE ١٩٨٣F א א א?K א W א K א א א K א KE ١٤٠٦F א א א K א א א א KE ١٩٨٦F א K א א א W א K א K א א א א א KE ١٩٩٠F א K א ١ KE ٢٠٠٥F article13.shtmlhttp:// א W א K א א א KE ١٩٧٧F א א א א K א א א א א א?KE ١٩٧٥F א א?K א א א K א א א א א?KE ١٩٨٩F א א א א?K א א א א K ١٣٧ ١١٣ W א א א א?KE ١٩٨٥ F א א?K א א א א א K א א ١٤١ ٢٠٠٦ ١٤٢٧ א א א א א

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