Gases as perspective magneto optical and electro optical materials

Transcription

1 Gases as perspective magneto optical and electro optical materials Marcis Auzinsh -1-

2 Faculty and Mathematics -2-

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4 Verde constant Faraday effect V ~ 3x10-5 rad/g/cm dense flint glass V ~ 10 4 rad/g/cm nonlinear magneto optical rotation in gas ~ 3x10 9 cm -3 gas density ~ greater rotation per atom in gas than in heavy flint. -4-

5 Creation of atomic coherence J e =1 z B σ σ + E σ y J g =1 x σ + M=-1 M=0 M=+1-5-

6 Absorption, refraction [a.u.] [a.u.] ~ 1/Δ 2 ~ 1/Δ A simple model for magneto optical effects Refraction Δ/γ Absrption Absrption Refraction σ - σ + σ J g =0 B = 0 J e =1 σ + -6-

7 Magnetometry -7-

8 Fig. 1. (B) Schematic of our experimental apparatus. PD, photodetector; PBS, polarizing beam splitter; l/2, half waveplate; B y (t), feedback control field; DAQ, data acquisition and control. -8-

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10 Classical Physics QND QND + Squeezed light ΔN 1 N N ΔN N N 1 3/ 4 ΔN 1 N N t t C t C N N -10-

11 Transverse moments (coherence) Μ J Μ J ΔΜ = 1 ΔΜ = 2 Μ J Μ J ΔΜ = 4 ΔΜ = 6-11-

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13 Narrowband resonant filters -13-

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17 Schlesser R. Weis A. Light bream deflection by cesium vapor in a transverse magnetic field Optics Letters 17, (1992) -17-

18 Spectroscopy in nanometric gas cells -18-

19 Spectroscopy in nanometric gas cells -19-

20 Laser What is ETC? An atom -20-

21 Laser B I Symmetry breaking perturbation Observation right Excitation left -21-

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24 Application in magnetometry -24-

25 Electric field mapping -25-

26 Application for field mapping -26-

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29 Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) Electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) -29-

30 Bright resonance Dark resonance Y. Dancheva, et. Al. Opt. Comm. 178 (2000)

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32 85 Rb 3 -> 2,3,4 absorption 0,966 1,00 Transmitted light, arb. units Fluorescence intensity, arb. units 0,964 0,962 1,0 0, Magnetic field, G Transmitted light (arb. units) -0,4-0,2 0,0 0,2 0,4 Magnetic Field (G) Alnis, J. and M. Auzinsh, Reverse dark resonance in Rb excited by a diode laser. J. Phys. B, (20): p

33 F g = 2 F g = 3 I = 4 mw/cm 2 I = 350 mw/cm 2 Intensity difference, arb. units Intensity difference, arb. units c c a b Magnetic Field, G a b 85 Rb, F g = 2 85 Rb, F g = Magnetic Field, G 1 2 Intensity difference, arb. units Intensity difference, arb. units Rb, F g = 3 4 a 3 b c Magnetic Field, G b 85 Rb, F g = 3 a c Magnetic Field, G 4 85 Rb I = 3300 mw/cm 2 Intensity difference, arb. units c b a 85 Rb, F g = Magnetic Field, G 3 Intensity difference, arb. units Rb, F g = 3 a 2 b c Magnetic Field, G Alnis, J., K. Blushs, M. Auzinsh, S. Kennedy, N. Shafer-Ray, Figure and 5E.R.I. Abraham, J. Phys. B (6): p

34 0,30 Cs a 0,25 c F g = 4 F g = 3 fluorescence (a.u.) n 4 n 3 I L = 30 mw/cm 2 0,20 0,15 0,10 0,05 n 4 n , ,0 n 4 b 0,9 0,8 d F g = 4 F g = 3 fluorescence (a.u.) n 3 I L = 600 mw/cm 2 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 n 4 n magnetic field (Gauss) 0, magnetic field (Gauss) p k B s + k B Papoyan, A.V., M. Auzinsh, and K. Bergmann, European Physical Journal D, (1): p

35 Spectroscopy in nanometric gas cells -35-

36 Cs 4 5 absorption I = 0.7 mw/cm 2 Ω = 10 MHz I = 33 mw/cm 2 Ω = 120 MHz I = 3.2 mw/cm 2 Ω = 40 MHz Fluorescence I = 37 mw/cm 2 Ω = 420 MHz I = 13 mw/cm 2 Ω = 70 MHz I = 106 mw/cm 2 Ω = 2000 MHz -36-

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38 Angular momentum manipulation -38-

39 Alignment to orientation conversion B Circular polarization rate C = ( I right - I left ) / ( I right + I left ) 0,00 F i = 2 F e F i 87 Rb I = 3/2-0,01 F i = 1 F e F i -0, M agnetic field B (G ) Alnis, J. and M. Auzinsh, Phys. Rev. A, ,

40 Auzinsh M, Ferber R. PRL, 69 (24), 3463, (1992) -40-

41 Nonzero field level crossing spectroscopy -41-

42 85 Rb Z B ΔΜ = 2 ΔΜ = F = 4 HFS energy E/h (MHz) F = 2 F = Alnis, J. and M. Auzinsh, Phys. Rev. A, , X m Fe Magnetic field B (G) 85 Rb -2 I = 5/

43 85 Rb Alnis, J. and M. Auzinsh, Phys. Rev. A, , HFS energy E/h (MHz) ΔΜ = 2 crossings m Fe Rb I = 5/ Linear polarization rate Ρ = ( Ι ΙΙ Ι ) / ( Ι ΙΙ + Ι ) 0,20 0,15 0,10 0,05 F i = 3 F e F i F i = 2 F e F i 5P 3/2 5S 1/2 x 85 Rb obs. I^ I II z E exc B I = 5/ y F e F i exc M agnetic field B (G) 0, Magnetic field B (G) -43-

44 87 Rb Alnis, J. and M. Auzinsh, Phys. Rev. A, , F = 3 F = 1 F = 0 HFS energy E/h (MHz) Rb I = 3/ m F e Magnetic field B (G) Circular polarization rate C = ( I right - I left ) / ( I right + I left ) 0,00-0,01 F i = 2 F e F i F i = 1 F e F i!!! 87 Rb I = 3/2-0, Magnetic field B (G) -44-

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49 Additional information

50 Post scriptum -50-