ON THE APPLICABILITY OF FRACTURE MECHANICS TO MASONRY
|
|
- Archibald Francis
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 1027 ON THE APPLICABILITY OF FRACTURE MECHANICS TO MASONRY PIETRO BOCCA Associate Professor Istituto Universitario di Architettura di Venezia Tolentini VENEZIA - ITALY ALBERTO CARPINTERI Full Professor Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale politecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi TORINO SILVIO VALENTE Graduate Research Assistant Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale politecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi TORINO ABSTRACT The article explores the possibility of applying to masonry a number of concepts formulated in the field of Fracture Mechanics. The problem of mode 1 failure (opening) is examined. Fracture energy G F and criticai value of the stress intensity factor, K IC ' are determined for masonry specimens tested in bending with different notch depths. The experimental results are compared with values, obtained through a cohesive crack numerical simulation developed originally for concrete. NOTATION Alig = ligament area a = crack length E = Young's modulus ft = ultimate tensile strength G F fracture energy K IC = stress-intensity factor criticai value 1 = support span L,H,B = length, depth, thickness of the specimen P = load o = loading point displacement V = Poisson ratio
2 Wo = o = w W c = {w} = [k] = {F} = {c} = P = {r} = 1028 area under the P-ô curve stress acting on the crack surfaces crack opening displacement critical value of the crack opening displacement vector of the crack opening displacements matrix of the coefficients of influence (nodal forces) vector of the nodal forces vector of the coefficients of influence (external load) external load vector of the crack opening displacements due specimen weight. to the INTROOUCTION After extensive experimental investigation [1-3], where masonry specimens have been tested in uniaxial and biaxial loading conditions, close to the real situations, it is clear today how failure occurs in brick masonry. Moreover, cracking evolution (from microcracking to macrofracture) and failure may be studied by means of recent1y established experimental techniques. The application of fracture mechanics, whose concepts are already used for steel and concrete structures successful1y [4,5], is extended herein to brick masonry, so that the theoretical results can fit with the real situations satisfactorily. As a matter of fact, when dissipative phenomena play an important role (as, for example, in the case of masonry structures in sismic zones), the energy criteria analyze failure better and more realistically than the stress criteria. In the present paper, the problem of failure in mo de 1 (opening) is faced. Structura1 elements working in compression, generally undergo this mode of fracture [6]. Fracture energy GF and critical value K IC of stress-intensity factor [4] are evaluated for bending specimens, directly drilled from historical bricks. Such experimental data, obtained for different notch depths, are then compared with numerica1 results coming from a cohesive crack finite element simulation, originally developed for concrete [4]. SPECIMEN PREPARATION ANO EXPERIMENTAL PROCEOURE The specimens' features (Fig.1) are listed in Tab.1. The capital letters A, B, C are referred to three different structures, built respectively in the 19th (A,B) and 20th (C) century. Three point bending tests, according to the RILEM Reccomendation for concrete [7], were carried out, through a MTS machine with maximum load up to 20 kn. Load-deflection (P-ô) diagrams were plotted by controlling the crack mouth opening displacement. The latter was increased at the constant rate m/s (Fig.2).
3 ,..." Mate= Sizes Notch Notch Density Young's ria1 depth thickness modu1us 10 2 [m] 1õl [m] 10 2 [m] [Kg/m 3 ] [MPa] L H B a a/h A A A B B B C C C Tab. 1. Specimens' features... L- 20 em.' B"2an// / H.4cmI At V ta HI f ~ ~,- I.. 16em -, Fig. 1. Geometry of the Historica1 Masonry Specimen and Testing Scheme
4 1030 Fig.2. Testing Scheme and Notch Mouth Opening Control System COHESIVE CRACK MODEL The cohesive crack model, developed originally for concrete, is based on the following assumptions [4] [S] : (1) The cohesive fracture zone (plastic or process zone) begins to develop when the maximum principal stress achieves the ultimate tensile strength ft (fig. 3-a.). (2) The material in the process zone is partially damaged but still able to transfer stress. Such a stress is dependent on the crack opening displacement w. A bilinear o-w law is assumed as in fig. 3-b. The real crack tip is defined as the point where the distance between lhe crack surfaces is equal to the criticai value of crack opening displacement W c and the normal stre~s vanishes (fig.4-a). On the other hand, the fictitious crack t~p is defined as the point where the normal stress attains the maximum value ft and the crack opening vanishes (fig.4-a). The closing stresses acting on the crack surfaces (fig. 4- a) can be replaced by nodal forces (fig.4-b). The intensity of these forces depends on the opening of the fictitious crack, W, according to the o-w constitutive law of the material (fig. 3- b). When the tensile strength ft is achieved at the fictiti~us crack tip (fig.4-b), the top node is opened and a cohes~ve force starts acting across the crack, while the fictitious crack tip moves to the next node. With reference to the three point bending test (TPBT) geometry in fig.s, the nodes are distributed along the potential fracture line. The coefficients of influence in terms of node openings and deflection ~ re computed by a finite
5 1031 element analysis where the fictitious structure in fig.s. is subjected to (n+1) different loading conditions. Consider the TPBT in fig.6-a with the initial crack tip in the node k. The crack opening displacement at the n fracture nodes may be expressed as follows: {w} = [k]{f} + {c}p + {r} (1 ) On the other hand, the initial crack is stress-free and therefore: Fi = 0, for i = 1,...,(k-1) (2-a) while at the ligament there is no displacement discontinuity: wi = 0, for i = k,(k+1),..,n ( 2-b) Eqs. (1) and (2) constitute a linear algebraic system of 2n equations in 2n unknowns, i.e. the elements of vectors {w} and {F}. rf load P and vector {F} are known, it is possible to compute the beam deflection, 5: 5 = {ClT {F} + Dp P + Dy (3) where Dp is the deflection for P 1 and Dyis the deflection due to the specimen weight. After the first step, a cohesive zone forms in front of the real crack tip (fig.6-b), say between nodes j and 1. Then eqs (2) are replaced by: Fi = Fi = F t (l-wi/wc) wi = where F t is the ultimate F t for i 1,2,...,(j-1) for i = j,(j+1),...,1 for i = 1,...,n strength nodal force: = ft H/(n+l) (4-a) ( 4-b) (4-c) Eqs (1) and (4) constitute a linear algebrical system of (2n+1) equations and (2n+1) unknowns, i.e. the elements of vectors {w} and {F} and the external load P. At the first step, the cohesive zone is missing (l=j=k) and the load P1 producing the ultimate strength nodal force F t at the initial crack tip (node k) is computed. Such a value P1' together with the related deflection 51 computed through Eq.(3), gives the first point of the P-5 curve. At the second step, the cohesive zone is between the nodes k and (k+1), and the load P2 producing the force F t at the second fictitious crack tip (node k+1) is computed. Eq. (3) then provides the deflection 52. At the third step, the fictitious crack tip is in the no de (k+2), and so on. The present numerical program simulates a loading process where the controlling paramet"er is the fictitious crack depth. On the other hand, the real (stress-free) crack depth, external load and deflection are
6 1032 obtained at each step after an iterative procedure. The program stops with the untieing of the no de n and, consequentely, with the determination of the last couple of values Fn and õ~. In this way, the complete load deflection curve is automat~cally plotted by the computer. ft b! ; b :.. i straln, 8 openlng, W Fig. 3. Stress-Strain law of the material outside the damage zone (a) and stress-op~ng displacement law of the damage zone (b) ( ft f. W c ) tlp node./..../..../... /'...,./..../ )... /'...,...,././...,./ I"'--. (a) (b) Fig. 4. Stresses acting across the fictitious crack (a) and equivalent nodal forces in the finite element mesh (b).
7 1033 node n node i Fi ---+ P'---Fi node1 Fig. 5. Finite element nodes along the fictitious crack line. ~ F t nodek (a) /' PU-k+1 ) ~ F t node I node j (b) Fig.6. Fictitious crack line at the first loading step (a) and (l-k+l)th loading step (b).
8 1034 n 38 Fig. 7. Finite element mesh (n=38) P ( kg) O 0.1 Q.2 03 OA o.s o.e 0.7 o.a d (mm) Fig. 8. Load vs Displacement experimental diagrams of the 19th centu~ masonry (A).
9 1035 In the case under consideration, the simulation was realized with the mesh sketched in Fig. 7 (n=38), using finite elements of the constant strain triangles type. Specimen properties are listed in Tab.1. P C kg) 2& A 20 1a 1& a li 4 2 I I B, ;7 ~ j B 2 7 /,..,/!/ J r\ B3 I / VI 1\ \ Y' It ~ \ \ ~I/ I~ ~ ~ ~ o 0.1 o.z Q3 OA & 0.7 o.a dcmm) Fig. 9. Load vs Displacement experimental diagrams of the 19th century masonry (B).
10 P 65 ( kg) &O o OA CUS o.a Q7 08 d (mm) Fig. 10. Load vs Displacement experimental diagrams of the 20th century masonry (e).
11 1037 Material A A A B E B C C C Portland I Gt:" Gfmean value KI C Klc mean value [N/m] [N/m] [N/m 3 1] [N/m 3 1] Tab. 2. Experimental Results. (a) Z o... N Q a: o -.J I / í / \ \ I ~ \ \ COHESIVE CRRCK MODEL EXPERIMENTRL VRLUES LORDING POINT DISPLRCEMENT:Ó (M/10.000)
12 (b) í ] z (\J!l. o a: o -.J / l,.' A-' EXPERIMENTRL " COHESIVE CRRCK MODEL VRLUES (c ) z (\J!l. 234 LORDING POINT DISPLRCEMENT:Ó (M/10.000) EJ COHESIVE CRRCK MODEL EXPERIMENTRL VRLUES o a: o -.J,-:; 234 LORDING POINT DISPLRCEMENT:Ó (M/ ) Fig. 11 (a) (b) (c). Comparison between experimental and theoretical results DISCUSSION The fracture energy G F is obtained from the load-deflection curves (Figs. 8-10), taking into account the are a under the curve divided by the 1igament area. The G F values are reported in Tab. 2. It is worth noting that they are varying with the material and result to be almost independent of specimen size. Such values are of the same order of magnitude as those of standard concretes [8]. The critical value of stress-intensity value is derived from the following well-known relation [8]: K 1C = JGF ' E'J
13 " 1039 The K IC values, listed in Tab.2, are slightly lower than those related to concrete, due to the smaller Young's modulus of bricks. In Figs.8-10 it is shown how the softening branch varies with the initial notch depth in the brick specimen. Specimens with shallow notches behave brittler than those with deeper notches. The numerical simulation, performed with the cohesive crack model previously described, provides the diagrams in Fig.ll, which are related only to bricks of type A. Theoretical and experimental results, summarized in Fig.11, provide very near softening branches. Therefore, it is proved that that the cohesive crack model describes masonry failure so accurately as in the case of concrete. REFERENCES [1] Page A.W. "An experimental Investigation of the Biaxial Strength of Brick Masonry" 6th I.B.Ma.C., Rome, May, 1982, pp [2] Bocca P., Levi F. "Indagini sistematiche su muratura in blocchi di argilla espansa" Quaderni Anpae, nr.3, 1983 pp [3] Drysdale R.G., Hamid A. A. "Tension Failure Criteria for Plain Concrete Masonry". Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 110, Nr.2, 1984, pp [4] Carpinteri A., Interpretation of the Griffith instability as a bifurcation of the global equilibrium. Application of Fracture Mechanics to Cementitious Composites. NATO Advanced Research Workshop. September 4-7, 1984, Northwestern University, edited by S.P. Shah, Martinus Nijoff Publishers, (1985) pp [5] Hillerborg A., Modeer M., Petersson P.E., Analysis of crack formation and crack growth in concrete by means of fracture mechanics and finite elements, Cement and Concrete Research 6, (1976) pp [6] Scott Mc Nary W., Abrams Daniel P. - "Mechanics of Masonry in compression" - Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol 111, Nr. 4, April 1985 pp [7] Rilem Draft Reccomendation "Determination of the fracture energy of mortar and concrete by means of threepoint bend tests on notched beams" Materials & Structures, Vol. 18, nr 106, 1985, pp [8] Carpinteri A., Static and energetic fracture parameters for rocks and concretes, Materials & Structures, R.I.L.E.M., Vol.14, 1981, pp
Cracked concrete structures under cyclic load
Cracked concrete structures under cyclic load Fabrizio Barpi & Silvio Valente Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy ABSTRACT: The safety of cracked
More informationSnap-back analysis of fracture evolution in multi-cracked solids using boundary element method
International Journal of Fracture 98: 225 241, 1999. 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Snap-back analysis of fracture evolution in multi-cracked solids using boundary element
More informationEFFECT OF THE TEST SET-UP ON FRACTURE MECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF CONCRETE
Fracture Mechanics of Concrete Structures Proceedings FRAMCOS-3 AEDIFICATIO Publishers, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany EFFECT OF THE TEST SET-UP ON FRACTURE MECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF CONCRETE V. Mechtcherine
More informationFluid driven cohesive crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials
Fluid driven cohesive crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials F. Barpi 1, S. Valente 2 Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129
More informationA generalisation of the Hillerborg s model for the analytical evaluation of ductility of RC beams in bending
Magazine of Concrete Research, 21, 62, No. 8, August, 557 567 doi: 1.168/macr.21.62.8.557 A generalisation of the Hillerborg s model for the analytical evaluation of ductility of RC beams in bending E.
More informationModeling of Interfacial Debonding Induced by IC Crack for Concrete Beam-bonded with CFRP
Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering 21 Vol II WCE 21, June 2 - July 1, 21, London, U.K. Modeling of Interfacial Debonding Induced by IC Crack for Concrete Beam-bonded with CFRP Lihua Huang,
More informationMODELING OF THE WEDGE SPLITTING TEST USING AN EXTENDED CRACKED HINGE MODEL
Engineering MECHANICS, Vol. 21, 2014, No. 1, p. 67 72 67 MODELING OF THE WEDGE SPLITTING TEST USING AN EXTENDED CRACKED HINGE MODEL Tomáš Pail, Petr Frantík* The present paper describes a semi-analytical
More information5 ADVANCED FRACTURE MODELS
Essentially, all models are wrong, but some are useful George E.P. Box, (Box and Draper, 1987) 5 ADVANCED FRACTURE MODELS In the previous chapter it was shown that the MOR parameter cannot be relied upon
More informationPolitecnico di Torino, Italy
1 APPLICATION OF NONLINEAR FRACTURE MECHANICS TO THE ASSESSMENT OF ROTATIONAL CAPACITY IN REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS Alberto Carpinteri, Mauro Corrado Politecnico di Torino, Italy Politecnico di Torino
More informationNon-local damage modeling of high performance concrete exposed to high temperature
Non-local damage modeling of high performance concrete exposed to high temperature L. Ferrara & R. Felicetti Department of Structural Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy. ABSTRACT: In this work the
More information6. NON-LINEAR PSEUDO-STATIC ANALYSIS OF ADOBE WALLS
6. NON-LINEAR PSEUDO-STATIC ANALYSIS OF ADOBE WALLS Blondet et al. [25] carried out a cyclic test on an adobe wall to reproduce its seismic response and damage pattern under in-plane loads. The displacement
More informationAnálisis Computacional del Comportamiento de Falla de Hormigón Reforzado con Fibras Metálicas
San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina September 14 th, 2011 Seminary on Análisis Computacional del Comportamiento de Falla de Hormigón Reforzado con Fibras Metálicas Antonio Caggiano 1, Guillermo Etse 2, Enzo
More informationCohesive crack model description of ductile to brittle size-scale transition: dimensional analysis vs. renormalization group theory
Engineering Fracture Mechanics 7 (23) 189 1839 www.elsevier.com/locate/engfracmech Cohesive crack model description of ductile to brittle size-scale transition: dimensional analysis vs. renormalization
More informationNumerical Characterization of Concrete Heterogeneity
Vol. Materials 5, No. Research, 3, 2002Vol. 5, No. 3, Statistical 309-314, 2002. Characterization of the Concrete Numerical Modeling of Size Effect In Heterogeneity 2002 309 Numerical Characterization
More informationCOMPARISON OF THE SIZE-INDEPENDENT FRACTURE ENERGY OF CONCRETE OBTAINED BY TWO TEST METHODS
VIII International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures FraMCoS-8 J.G.M. Van Mier, G. Ruiz, C. Andrade, R.C. Yu and X.X. Zhang (Eds) COMPARISON OF THE SIZE-INEPENENT FRACTURE
More informationDetermination of size-independent specific fracture energy of concrete from three-point bend and wedge splitting tests
Magazine of Concrete Research, 3, 55, No. 2, April, 133 141 Determination of size-independent specific fracture energy of concrete from three-point bend and wedge splitting tests H. M. Abdalla and B. L.
More informationEQUIVALENT FRACTURE ENERGY CONCEPT FOR DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF PROTOTYPE RC GIRDERS
EQUIVALENT FRACTURE ENERGY CONCEPT FOR DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF PROTOTYPE RC GIRDERS Abdul Qadir Bhatti 1, Norimitsu Kishi 2 and Khaliq U Rehman Shad 3 1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Structural Engineering,
More informationFracture Mechanics of Concrete Structures Proceedings FRAMCOS-3 Aedificatio Publishers, D Frei burg, Germany OF THE STANDARD
Fracture Mechanics of Concrete Structures Proceedings FRAMCOS-3 Aedificatio Publishers, D-79104 Frei burg, Germany DETERMINATION PARAMETERS IN NOTCHED BEAMS OF THE STANDARD DOUBLE-K FRACTURE THREE-POINT
More informationFRACTURE IN HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE PAVEMENT MATERIALS
FRACTURE IN HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE PAVEMENT MATERIALS ERIK DENNEMAN A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR (ENGINEERING)
More informationFailure mode transitions in RC beams: A cohesive/overlapping crack model application
Meccanica (2013) 48:2349 2366 DOI 10.1007/s11012-013-9753-4 Failure mode transitions in RC beams: A cohesive/overlapping crack model application A. Carpinteri M. El-Khatieb E. Cadamuro Received: 26 March
More informationFRACTURING IN CONCRETE VIA LATTICE-PARTICLE MODEL
II International Conference on Particle-based Methods - Fundamentals and Applications PARTICLES 211 E. Oñate and D.R.J. Owen (Eds) FRACTURING IN CONCRETE VIA LATTICE-PARTICLE MODEL JAN ELIÁŠ AND ZDENĚK
More informationALGORITHM FOR NON-PROPORTIONAL LOADING IN SEQUENTIALLY LINEAR ANALYSIS
9th International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures FraMCoS-9 Chenjie Yu, P.C.J. Hoogenboom and J.G. Rots DOI 10.21012/FC9.288 ALGORITHM FOR NON-PROPORTIONAL LOADING
More informationA FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR SIZE EFFECT AND HETEROGENEITY IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES
A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR SIZE EFFECT AND HETEROGENEITY IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES Roque Luiz Pitangueira 1 and Raul Rosas e Silva 2 1 Department of Structural Engineering -Federal University of Minas Gerais
More informationPOST-PEAK AND POST-BIFURCATION ANALYSIS OF COHESIVE CRACK PROPAGATION
Engineering Fracture Mechanics VoI. 32, No.2, pp. 265-278, 1989 Printed in Great Britain. 003-7944/89 $3.00 +.00 1989 Pergamon Press plc. POST-PEAK AND POST-BIFURCATION ANALYSIS OF COHESIVE CRACK PROPAGATION
More informationLimit analysis of brick masonry shear walls with openings under later loads by rigid block modeling
Limit analysis of brick masonry shear walls with openings under later loads by rigid block modeling F. Portioli, L. Cascini, R. Landolfo University of Naples Federico II, Italy P. Foraboschi IUAV University,
More informationMODELLING NON-LINEAR BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE
6th RILEM Symposium on Fibre-Reinforced Concretes (FRC) - BEFIB - September, Varenna, Italy MODELLING NON-LINEAR BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE W. A. Elsaigh, J. M. Robberts and E.P. Kearsley
More informationUniversity of Sheffield The development of finite elements for 3D structural analysis in fire
The development of finite elements for 3D structural analysis in fire Chaoming Yu, I. W. Burgess, Z. Huang, R. J. Plank Department of Civil and Structural Engineering StiFF 05/09/2006 3D composite structures
More informationScaling of energy dissipation in crushing and fragmentation: a fractal and statistical analysis based on particle size distribution
International Journal of Fracture 129: 131 139, 2004. 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Scaling of energy dissipation in crushing and fragmentation: a fractal and statistical
More informationPost Graduate Diploma in Mechanical Engineering Computational mechanics using finite element method
9210-220 Post Graduate Diploma in Mechanical Engineering Computational mechanics using finite element method You should have the following for this examination one answer book scientific calculator No
More informationComparative study of fracture mechanical test methods for concrete
Comparative study of fracture mechanical test methods for concrete Lennart Østergaard & John Forbes Olesen Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark,. Brovej, Building 118, DK-2800
More informationConstruction and Building Materials
Construction and Building Materials 27 (2012) 271 279 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Construction and Building Materials journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/conbuildmat Size-scale effects
More informationESCOLA POLITÉCNICA DA UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO BOLETIM TÉCNICO PEF-EPUSP. Título:
ESCOLA POLITÉCNICA DA UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO BOLETIM TÉCNICO PEF-EPUSP Título: STUDY OF CRACK PROPAGATION IN THE SPECIMEN RECOMMENDED BY RILEM TC 16 BASED ON LINEAR ELASTIC FRACTURE MECHANICS LUIZ EDUARDO
More informationLecture #8: Ductile Fracture (Theory & Experiments)
Lecture #8: Ductile Fracture (Theory & Experiments) by Dirk Mohr ETH Zurich, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Chair of Computational Modeling of Materials in Manufacturing 2015 1 1 1 Ductile
More informationAbstract. 1 Introduction
Contact analysis for the modelling of anchors in concrete structures H. Walter*, L. Baillet** & M. Brunet* *Laboratoire de Mecanique des Solides **Laboratoire de Mecanique des Contacts-CNRS UMR 5514 Institut
More informationDetermining fracture energy parameters of concrete from the modified compact tension test
Focussed on: Fracture and Structural Integrity related Issues Determining fracture energy parameters of concrete from the modified compact tension test A. Fernández-Canteli, L. Castañón, B. Nieto, M. Lozano
More informationEVALUATION OF NONLOCAL APPROACHES FOR MODELLING FRACTURE IN NOTCHED CONCRETE SPECIMENS
VIII International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures FraMCoS-8 J.G.M. Van Mier, G. Ruiz, C. Andrade, R.C. Yu and X.X. Zhang (Eds) EVALUATION OF NONLOCAL APPROACHES FOR
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE INELASTIC SEISMIC RESPONSE OF RC STRUCTURES WITH ENERGY DISSIPATORS
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE INELASTIC SEISMIC RESPONSE OF RC STRUCTURES WITH ENERGY DISSIPATORS ABSTRACT : P Mata1, AH Barbat1, S Oller1, R Boroschek2 1 Technical University of Catalonia, Civil Engineering
More informationMASONRY MICRO-MODELLING ADOPTING A DISCONTINUOUS FRAMEWORK
MASONRY MICRO-MODELLING ADOPTING A DISCONTINUOUS FRAMEWORK J. Pina-Henriques and Paulo B. Lourenço School of Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal Abstract Several continuous and discontinuous
More informationSize effect in the strength of concrete structures
Sādhanā Vol. 27 Part 4 August 2002 pp. 449 459. Printed in India Size effect in the strength of concrete structures B L KARIHALOO and Q Z XIAO Division of Civil Engineering School of Engineering Cardiff
More informationDynamic Analysis of a Reinforced Concrete Structure Using Plasticity and Interface Damage Models
Dynamic Analysis of a Reinforced Concrete Structure Using Plasticity and Interface Damage Models I. Rhee, K.J. Willam, B.P. Shing, University of Colorado at Boulder ABSTRACT: This paper examines the global
More informationDiscrete Element Modelling of a Reinforced Concrete Structure
Discrete Element Modelling of a Reinforced Concrete Structure S. Hentz, L. Daudeville, F.-V. Donzé Laboratoire Sols, Solides, Structures, Domaine Universitaire, BP 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 France sebastian.hentz@inpg.fr
More informationFinite Element Analysis of FRP Debonding Failure at the Tip of Flexural/Shear Crack in Concrete Beam
Marquette University e-publications@marquette Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of 12-1-2013 Finite Element Analysis
More informationEDEM DISCRETIZATION (Phase II) Normal Direction Structure Idealization Tangential Direction Pore spring Contact spring SPRING TYPES Inner edge Inner d
Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo Bulletin of ERS, No. 48 (5) A TWO-PHASE SIMPLIFIED COLLAPSE ANALYSIS OF RC BUILDINGS PHASE : SPRING NETWORK PHASE Shanthanu RAJASEKHARAN, Muneyoshi
More informationFinite fracture mechanics: A coupled stress and energy failure criterion
Engineering Fracture Mechanics 73 (26) 22 233 www.elsevier.com/locate/engfracmech Finite fracture mechanics: A coupled stress and energy failure criterion Pietro Cornetti a, *, Nicola Pugno a, Alberto
More informationCHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Experimental Study 42 CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY 3.1. INTRODUCTION The experimental study that has been carried out in this thesis has two main objectives: 1. Characterise the concrete behaviour in mode
More informationAn orthotropic damage model for crash simulation of composites
High Performance Structures and Materials III 511 An orthotropic damage model for crash simulation of composites W. Wang 1, F. H. M. Swartjes 1 & M. D. Gan 1 BU Automotive Centre of Lightweight Structures
More informationStudy on fracture behaviors of concrete using electronic speckle pattern interferometry and finite element method
Copyright 1 ICCES ICCES, vol.15, no.3, pp.91-11 Study on fracture behaviors of concrete using electronic speckle pattern interferometry and finite element method Helen Hongniao Chen 1, Ray Kai Leung Su
More informationHeterogeneous structures studied by interphase elasto-damaging model.
Heterogeneous structures studied by interphase elasto-damaging model. Giuseppe Fileccia Scimemi 1, Giuseppe Giambanco 1, Antonino Spada 1 1 Department of Civil, Environmental and Aerospace Engineering,
More informationMethod of test for fracture energy of concrete by use of notched beam JCI-S
Japan Concrete Institute Standard Method of test for fracture energy of concrete by use of notched beam JCI-S-001-2003 1. Scope This test method covers determination of fracture energy of concrete (1)
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CONCRETE EXPOSED TO HIGH TEMPERATURE DAMAGE AND EXPLOSIVE SPALLING
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CONCRETE EXPOSED TO HIGH TEMPERATURE DAMAGE AND EXPLOSIVE SPALLING Prof. Joško Ožbolt 1 Josipa Bošnjak 1, Goran Periškić 1, Akanshu Sharma 2 1 Institute of Construction Materials,
More informationFracture Mechanics of Non-Shear Reinforced R/C Beams
Irina Kerelezova Thomas Hansen M. P. Nielsen Fracture Mechanics of Non-Shear Reinforced R/C Beams DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET Report BYG DTU R-154 27 ISSN 161-2917 ISBN 97887-7877-226-5 Fracture Mechanics
More informationLaboratory 4 Bending Test of Materials
Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering Technology, Dhaka MME 222 Materials Testing Sessional.50 Credits Laboratory 4 Bending Test of Materials. Objective
More informationCracking in Quasi-Brittle Materials Using Isotropic Damage Mechanics
Cracking in Quasi-Brittle Materials Using Isotropic Damage Mechanics Tobias Gasch, PhD Student Co-author: Prof. Anders Ansell Comsol Conference 2016 Munich 2016-10-12 Contents Introduction Isotropic damage
More informationModelling the nonlinear shear stress-strain response of glass fibrereinforced composites. Part II: Model development and finite element simulations
Modelling the nonlinear shear stress-strain response of glass fibrereinforced composites. Part II: Model development and finite element simulations W. Van Paepegem *, I. De Baere and J. Degrieck Ghent
More informationDouble punch test for tensile strength of concrete, Sept (70-18) PB224770/AS (NTIS)
Lehigh University Lehigh Preserve Fritz Laboratory Reports Civil and Environmental Engineering 1969 Double punch test for tensile strength of concrete, Sept. 1969 (70-18) PB224770/AS (NTIS) W. F. Chen
More informationFCP Short Course. Ductile and Brittle Fracture. Stephen D. Downing. Mechanical Science and Engineering
FCP Short Course Ductile and Brittle Fracture Stephen D. Downing Mechanical Science and Engineering 001-015 University of Illinois Board of Trustees, All Rights Reserved Agenda Limit theorems Plane Stress
More informationNUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A PILE SUBJECTED TO LATERAL LOADS
IGC 009, Guntur, INDIA NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A PILE SUBJECTED TO LATERAL LOADS Mohammed Younus Ahmed Graduate Student, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, IIIT Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 3, India.
More informationEFFECT OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT ON FAILURE MODE OF RC BRIDGE PIERS SUBJECTED TO STRONG EARTHQUAKE MOTIONS
EFFECT OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT ON FAILURE MODE OF RC BRIDGE PIERS SUBJECTED TO STRONG EARTHQUAKE MOTIONS Atsuhiko MACHIDA And Khairy H ABDELKAREEM SUMMARY Nonlinear D FEM was utilized to carry out inelastic
More informationNonlinear FE Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using a Tresca-Type Yield Surface
Transaction A: Civil Engineering Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 512{519 c Sharif University of Technology, December 2009 Research Note Nonlinear FE Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using a Tresca-Type Yield
More informationBRIDGES BETWEEN DAMAGE AND FRACTURE MECHANICS
BRIDGES BETWEEN DAMAGE AND FRACTURE MECHANICS Jacky Mazars and Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot,,. Laboratoire de Mecanique et Technologie - Ecole Normale Supeneure 94235 Cachan-France Abstract Fracture mechanics
More informationFLEXURAL MODELLING OF STRAIN SOFTENING AND STRAIN HARDENING FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
Proceedings, Pro. 53, S.A.R.L., Cachan, France, pp.55-6, 7. FLEXURAL MODELLING OF STRAIN SOFTENING AND STRAIN HARDENING FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE Chote Soranakom and Barzin Mobasher Department of Civil
More informationAcoustic Emissions at High and Low Frequencies During Compression Tests in Brittle Materials
An International Journal for Experimental Mechanics Acoustic Emissions at High and Low Frequencies During Compression Tests in Brittle Materials A. Schiavi*, G. Niccolini*, P. Tarizzo*, A. Carpinteri,
More informationCard Variable MID RO E PR ECC QH0 FT FC. Type A8 F F F F F F F. Default none none none 0.2 AUTO 0.3 none none
Note: This is an extended description of MAT_273 input provided by Peter Grassl It contains additional guidance on the choice of input parameters beyond the description in the official LS-DYNA manual Last
More informationNUMERICAL MODELING OF CRACK PATH PROPAGATION DEPENDING ON STEEL RATIO IN RC BEAMS LECTURE NOTES IRINA KERELEZOVA
NUMERICAL MODELING OF CRACK PATH PROPAGATION DEPENDING ON STEEL RATIO IN RC BEAMS LECTURE NOTES IRINA KERELEZOVA UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE, CIVIL ENGINEERING AND GEODESY, SOFIA, BULGARIA calculated crack
More informationMechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting www.geosc.psu.edu/courses/geosc508 Surface and body forces Tensors, Mohr circles. Theoretical strength of materials Defects Stress concentrations Griffith failure
More informationVORONOI APPLIED ELEMENT METHOD FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS: THEORY AND APPLICATION FOR LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR MATERIALS
The 4 th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October -7, 008, Beijing, China VORONOI APPLIED ELEMENT METHOD FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS: THEORY AND APPLICATION FOR LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR MATERIALS K.
More informationREGRESSION MODELING FOR STRENGTH AND TOUGHNESS EVALUATION OF HYBRID FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE
REGRESSION MODELING FOR STRENGTH AND TOUGHNESS EVALUATION OF HYBRID FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE S. Eswari 1, P. N. Raghunath and S. Kothandaraman 1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering
More informationNONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF A DAM-RESERVOIR-FOUNDATION SYSTEM UNDER SPATIALLY VARIABLE SEISMIC EXCITATIONS
October 12-17, 28, Beijing, China NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF A DAM-RESERVOIR-FOUNDATION SYSTEM UNDER SPATIALLY VARIABLE SEISMIC EXCITATIONS J. Huang 1 and A. Zerva 2 1 Dept. of Civil, Architectural and Environmental
More informationFinite element analysis of diagonal tension failure in RC beams
Finite element analysis of diagonal tension failure in RC beams T. Hasegawa Institute of Technology, Shimizu Corporation, Tokyo, Japan ABSTRACT: Finite element analysis of diagonal tension failure in a
More informationFINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE FRACTURE SPECIMENS. by Linda D. Leibengood David Darwin Robert H. Dodds
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE FRACTURE SPECIMENS by Linda D. Leibengood David Darwin Robert H. Dodds A Report on Research Sponsored by THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Research Grant PFR 79-24696
More informationCracking in Quasi-Brittle Materials Using Isotropic Damage Mechanics
Cracking in Quasi-Brittle Materials Using Isotropic Damage Mechanics Tobias Gasch *1 and Anders Ansell 1 1 KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering *Corresponding
More informationEntrance exam Master Course
- 1 - Guidelines for completion of test: On each page, fill in your name and your application code Each question has four answers while only one answer is correct. o Marked correct answer means 4 points
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF TEST GUIDANCE FOR COMPACT TENSION FRACTURE TOUGHNESS SPECIMENS CONTAINING NOTCHES INSTEAD OF FATIGUE PRE-CRACKS
Transactions, SMiRT-23 Division II, Paper ID 287 Fracture Mechanics and Structural Integrity DEVELOPMENT OF TEST GUIDANCE FOR COMPACT TENSION FRACTURE TOUGHNESS SPECIMENS CONTAINING NOTCHES INSTEAD OF
More informationUNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN ME MECHANICS OF MATERIALS I FINAL EXAM DECEMBER 13, 2008 Professor A. Dolovich
UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN ME 313.3 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS I FINAL EXAM DECEMBER 13, 2008 Professor A. Dolovich A CLOSED BOOK EXAMINATION TIME: 3 HOURS For Marker s Use Only LAST NAME (printed): FIRST
More informationMesoscopic Simulation of Failure of Mortar and Concrete by 3D RBSM
Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology Vol., No., 85-4, October 5 / Copyright 5 Japan Concrete Institute 85 Scientific paper Mesoscopic Simulation of Failure of Mortar and Concrete by D RBSM Kohei Nagai,
More information3D Finite Element analysis of stud anchors with large head and embedment depth
3D Finite Element analysis of stud anchors with large head and embedment depth G. Periškić, J. Ožbolt & R. Eligehausen Institute for Construction Materials, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
More informationIntroduction to Engineering Materials ENGR2000. Dr. Coates
Introduction to Engineering Materials ENGR2 Chapter 6: Mechanical Properties of Metals Dr. Coates 6.2 Concepts of Stress and Strain tension compression shear torsion Tension Tests The specimen is deformed
More informationCOHESIVE CRACK MODELING OF INFLUENCE OF SUDDEN CHANGES IN LOADING RATE ON CONCRETE FRACTURE
Pergamon Engineering Fracture Mechanics Vol. 52, No. 6, pp. 987-997, 1995 Copyright 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd 0013-7944(95)00080-1 Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved 0013-7944/95 $9.50 + 0.00
More informationIntroduction and Background
Introduction and Background Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. (Itasca) has been participating in the geomechanical design of the underground 118-Zone at the Capstone Minto Mine (Minto) in the Yukon, in northwestern
More informationDetermination of concrete fracture toughness from modal dynamic response of notched beams
Determination of concrete fracture toughness from modal dynamic response of notched beams L. E. T. Ferreira, J. B. Hanai, L. V. Vareda, S. F. Almeida, A. I. Silva. School of Engineering of São Carlos,
More informationMESOSCOPIC MODELLING OF MASONRY USING GFEM: A COMPARISON OF STRONG AND WEAK DISCONTINUITY MODELS B. Vandoren 1,2, K. De Proft 2
Blucher Mechanical Engineering Proceedings May 2014, vol. 1, num. 1 www.proceedings.blucher.com.br/evento/10wccm MESOSCOPIC MODELLING OF MASONRY USING GFEM: A COMPARISON OF STRONG AND WEAK DISCONTINUITY
More informationStructural damage diagnosis and life-time assessment by acoustic emission monitoring
Engineering Fracture Mechanics 74 (27) 273 289 www.elsevier.com/locate/engfracmech Structural damage diagnosis and life-time assessment by acoustic emission monitoring A. Carpinteri *, G. Lacidogna, N.
More informationModel-independent approaches for the XFEM in fracture mechanics
Model-independent approaches for the XFEM in fracture mechanics Safdar Abbas 1 Alaskar Alizada 2 and Thomas-Peter Fries 2 1 Aachen Institute for Computational Engineering Science (AICES), RWTH Aachen University,
More informationFig. 1. Different locus of failure and crack trajectories observed in mode I testing of adhesively bonded double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens.
a). Cohesive Failure b). Interfacial Failure c). Oscillatory Failure d). Alternating Failure Fig. 1. Different locus of failure and crack trajectories observed in mode I testing of adhesively bonded double
More informationFRACTURE ENERGY OF CONCRETE AT VERY EARLY AGES BY INVERSE ANALYSIS
VIII International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures FraMCoS-8 J.G.M. Van Mier, G. Ruiz, C. Andrade, R.C. Yu and X.X. Zhang (Eds) FRACTURE ENERGY OF CONCRETE AT VERY
More informationMesoscopic Simulation of Failure of Mortar and Concrete by 2D RBSM
Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology Vol., No., 59-7, October / Copyright Japan Concrete Institute 59 Mesoscopic Simulation of Failure of Mortar and Concrete by D RBSM Kohei Nagai, Yasuhiko Sato and
More informationUse of negative stiffness in failure analysis of concrete beams
Use of negative stiffness in failure analysis of concrete beams A. Salam Al-Sabah Research Scientist, Debra F. Laefer Associate Professor* Urban Modelling Group, School of Civil Engineering, University
More informationCritical Behaviour in Concrete Structures and Damage Localization by Acoustic Emission
KeyEngineering Materials Vol. 312 (June 2006) pp. 305-310 Online at http:// www.scientific.net 2006 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Critical Behaviour in Concrete Structures and Damage Localization
More informationFinite element modeling incorporating nonlinearity of material behavior based on the fib Model Code 2010
Peer-reviewed & Open access journal www.academicpublishingplatorms.com Finite element modeling incorporating non-linearity o material behavior ATI - Applied Technologies & Innovations Volume 5 Issue November
More informationTHE BEHAVIOUR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE AS DEPICTED IN FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS.
THE BEHAVIOUR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE AS DEPICTED IN FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS. THE CASE OF A TERRACE UNIT. John N Karadelis 1. INTRODUCTION. Aim to replicate the behaviour of reinforced concrete in a multi-scale
More informationMasonry strength domain by homogenization in generalized plane state
Masonry strength domain by homogenization in generalized plane state Enrica Bernardini, Nicola Cavalagli, Federico Cluni, Vittorio Gusella Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University
More informationGeneralized fracture toughness for specimens with re-entrant corners: Experiments vs. theoretical predictions
Structural Engineering and Mechanics, Vol. 32, No. 5 (2009) 609-620 609 Generalized fracture toughness for specimens with re-entrant corners: Experiments vs. theoretical predictions Alberto Carpinteri,
More informationStudies on the affect of Stress Triaxiality on Strain Energy Density, and CTOD under Plane Stress Condition Subjected to Mixed Mode (I/II) Fracture
Studies on the affect of Stress Triaxiality on Strain Energy Density, and CTOD under Plane Stress Condition... Studies on the affect of Stress Triaxiality on Strain Energy Density, and CTOD under Plane
More informationSSNS106 Damage of a reinforced concrete plate under requests varied with model GLRC_DM
Titre : SSNS106 - Endommagement d une plaque plane sous so[...] Date : 01/03/2013 Page : 1/67 SSNS106 Damage of a reinforced concrete plate under requests varied with model GLRC_DM Summarized: This test
More informationNumerical modelling of induced tensile stresses in rock in response to impact loading
Numerical modelling of induced tensile stresses in rock in response to impact loading M.T. Mnisi, D.P. Roberts and J.S. Kuijpers Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR): Natural Resources
More informationNumerical modeling of standard rock mechanics laboratory tests using a finite/discrete element approach
Numerical modeling of standard rock mechanics laboratory tests using a finite/discrete element approach S. Stefanizzi GEODATA SpA, Turin, Italy G. Barla Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering,
More informationSTRESS-CRACK OPENING RELATIONSHIP OF ENHANCED PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
9 th PORUGUEE CONFERENCE ON FRACURE - RE-CRACK OPENING RELAIONHIP OF ENHANCED PERFORMANCE CONCREE J.M. ena Cruz *, J.A.O. Barros *, A.R. Fernandes *, A.F.M. Azevedo **, A. Camões * *Department of Civil
More informationEFFECTS OF MICROCRACKS IN THE INTERFACIAL ZONE ON THE MACRO BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE
9th International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures FraMCoS-9 V. Saouma, J. Bolander, and E. Landis (Eds OI 0.202/FC9.07 EFFECTS OF MICROCRACKS IN THE INTERFACIAL ZONE
More informationPart 1 is to be completed without notes, beam tables or a calculator. DO NOT turn Part 2 over until you have completed and turned in Part 1.
NAME CM 3505 Fall 06 Test 2 Part 1 is to be completed without notes, beam tables or a calculator. Part 2 is to be completed after turning in Part 1. DO NOT turn Part 2 over until you have completed and
More informationSTRENGTH AND STIFFNESS REDUCTION OF LARGE NOTCHED BEAMS
STRENGTH AND STIFFNESS REDUCTION OF LARGE NOTCHED BEAMS By Joseph F. Murphy 1 ABSTRACT: Four large glulam beams with notches on the tension side were tested for strength and stiffness. Using either bending
More information