SKA Science Data Processing

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1 SKA Science Data Proceing B. Nikolic (SDP Project Engineer) & SDP Conortium Team Atrophyic Group, Cavendih Laboratory, Univerity of Cambridge bn204/ 1 April 2014 AASTCS 2: Exacale Radio Atronomy Monterey, CA, USA

2 Outline

3 SKA1 -Mid SKA1 -Low SKA1 -Survey

4 SKA1 -Mid SKA1 -Low SKA1 -Survey Computer

5 SKA1 -Mid SKA1 -Low SKA1 -Survey Computer

6 SKA Progre Dec 2011 Incorporation of the SKA Organiation a a not-for-profit company regitered in England May 2012 Deciion on ite and cope of SKA-1 March 2013 Iue of the firt Baeline Deign, call for conortia propoal May 2013 Opening of SKA International HQ at Jodrell Bank Sept 2013 Acceptance of conortia, ignature of MoU and CA, fully funded deign phae Nov 2013 Iue of L1 requirement, commencement of the work of conortia March 2014 UK Government announce GBP 100 million for it hare of SKA 1 contruction cot

7 SKA Project Structure

8 Square Kilometre Array Simplified Context SADT Monitor and Control Manager LFAA Wetern Autralia SKA1 Low: Low Frequency Aperture Array Dih SKA1 Survey: Dih Antenna with PAF Central Signal Proceing LFAA Correlator/ Beam Former Survey Correlator Science Data Proceor Science Data Proceor Implementation (Autralia) South Africa SKA1 Mid: Dih Antenna with Single- Pixel feed SKA1 Mid Correlator/ Beam Former Pular Science Data Proceor Implementation (South Africa) Search Proceor

9 Context of the SKA Science Data Proceor Central Signal Proceor Beam Formed Data 1000 km Viibilitie Pular Candidate Control Science Data Proceor km Control Telecope State Monitoring Catalogue Image Cube Telecope Manager Atronomer

10 Outline

11 We can ee the route to SKA 1 -SDP FLOPS: 300 PetaFLOPS Expect won t be at top of Top500 Scratch torage capacity: 100 PetaByte Both dik and olid tate poibility Scratch torage throughput: 20 TByte/ node, lot of inherent parallelim Inget rate 5 TByte/ FDR Infiniband witche almot there now Capital & Operational cot Commoditiation and general drive to low power

12 Rik Convergence with rapidly evolving technology? Unknown apect of data? Implementing the Software? Actual cot of caling up?

13 Outline

14 Data level Catalogue Stacked Image Archive Power Spectra Pular Timing Confirmed Pular Science Ready Image Cube Pular Candidate Calibrated Viibilitie Time erie Raw Viibilitie Raw data

15 Point ource Meaurement Proce Atronomical wavefront Turbulent Ionophere Corrupted wavefront Collector q Ai da E q (x, y, t) W qp i (x, y, t) q Aj da E q (x, y, t) W qp j (x, y, t) Correlator V p ij

16 Major cycle imaging iteration Filter Sky Model Image Plane Correction Combine Predict viibilitie Etimate ky FFT Grid Convolve Subtract Viibilitie Solve Calibration Phae Rotate

17 Outline

18 Data Rate time mearing v V i j = (a + ib) θ rad 1 θ D/λ t int D 8B θ B λ u

19 Data Rate bandwidth mearing v D/λ 2 f f D 8B B λ B 1 λ B 2 λ 3 u

20 Wide-field & three dimenional geometry Incoming wavefront Offaxi wavefront A2 Reference plane λw θ co λw A 1 A 2 λw λw co θ = λw(1 co θ) = = λw(1 1 in 2 θ) = λw(1 1 l 2 )

21 Outline

22 SKA-1 Parameter SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey N a t dump N f 256k 256k 256k N beam D S 35 m 15 m 15 m B max 100 km 200 km 50 km N GW Size of the w-projection kernel N AA N facet Tion Size of the anti-aliaing kernel Number of facet (on the ide) Ionopheric timecale

23 inget Input Viibility Rate 2 (N a 1) N a N beam N f t dump SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey / / / Input Data Rate 16 (N a 1) N a N beam N f t dump byte SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey 7.2 Tbyte 3.3 Tbyte 4.5 Tbyte

24 w-naphot Snaphot Duration (in term of w-kernel ize) D N facet N GW B max SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey 9.6 N facet N GW 2.1 N facet N GW 8.3 N facet N GW

25 pixel baed FFT nominal FLOP rate ( ).012 Bmax 3 16 B N beam N f log max 2 D 2 N2 facet log 2 D 3 N facet N GW SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey (aume N facet = 1 ) log 2 N GW Op log 2 N GW Op Op log 2 N GW Op Re-projection Rate FLOPS.12 B 3 max N beam N f D 3 N facet N GW Op SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey N facet N GW Op N facet N GW Op N facet N GW Op

26 viibility baed Gridding FLOPS rate 16 (N a 1) N a N beam N f N 2 facet (N 2 GW +N2 AA) t dump Op SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey (aume N facet = 1, N AA = 9 ) ( N 2 GW + 81 ) Op ( N 2 GW + 81 ) Op ( N 2 GW + 81 ) Op

27 combined Combined gridding+fft+reprojection 16 (N a 1) N a N beam N f N 2 facet (N 2 GW +N2 AA) t dump Op + ( ).012 B3 16 B max N beam N f log max 2 D 2 N2 facet log 2 D 3 N facet N GW +.12 B3 max N beam N f D 3 N facet N GW Op Optimied w-kernel ize SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey Combined gridding+fft+reprojection SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey Op Op Op

28 convolution kernel the convolution kernel ( 128 (N a 1) N a N beam N f Nfacet 2 (NGW 2 +N2 AA) ) log 8 NGW 2 +N2 AA log 2 Tion SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey (aume 60 econd ionopheric timecale) Op Op Op Op convolution function over gridding rate 8 t dump log (8 ) NGW log 2 Tion SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey 31. Tion 5.2 Tion 19. Tion

29 Scratch torage Capacity 27 (N a 1) N a N beam N f t dump Tbyte SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey 154. Pbyte 71. Pbyte 97. Pbyte Chunk Size (10 channel, each naphot) (N a 1) N a t dump Gbyte SKA1-Low SKA1-Mid SKA1-Survey 28. Gbyte 13. Gbyte.49 Gbyte

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