J-PARC Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex

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SMR.1751-56 Fifth International Conference on PERSPECTIVES IN HADRONIC PHYSICS Particle-Nucleus and Nucleus-Nucleus Scattering at Relativistic Energies 22-26 May 2006 J-PARC Japan Proton Accelerator

1 SMR Fifth International Conference on PERSPECTIVES IN HADRONIC PHYSICS Particle-Nucleus and Nucleus-Nucleus Scattering at Relativistic Energies May 2006 J-PARC Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex Shin'ya SAWADA High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies Theory Group 1-1-Oho, Ibaraki Tsukuba JAPAN These are preliminary lecture notes, intended only for distribution to participants

2 J-PARC Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex Shin ya Sawada KEK (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Japan) May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 1

3 Overview Uniqueness of our accelerator complex. Nuclear and Particle Physics Facility at J-PARC Construction Schedule and Status May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 2

4 Overview Uniqueness of our accelerator complex. Nuclear and Particle Physics Facility at J-PARC Construction Schedule and Status May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 3

5 Accelerator Configuration Cascaded Accelerator Complex: 3GeV Rapid Cycling (25Hz) Synchrotron Hadron Hall (Slow Extracted Beams) Neutrino Beamline to Super-Kamiokande Linac Materials and Life Science Facility 50GeV Synchrotron May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 4

J-PARC: the High Intensity Frontier J-PARC aims for the high intensity frontier for materials/life sciences (3GeV), and nuclear/particle physics (50GeV) High intensity proton beam leads to high

6 J-PARC: the High Intensity Frontier J-PARC aims for the high intensity frontier for materials/life sciences (3GeV), and nuclear/particle physics (50GeV) High intensity proton beam leads to high intensity secondary (neutron, meson, ) beam. The power (= Energy x Current) is a good measure. Neutron: from 0.16MW (ISIS) to 1MW K meson: 5 to 10 times more intense than existing BNL-AGS. May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 5

7 Phase 1 & 2 The budget for about 2/3 of the entire project has been approved by the Japanese government from JFY2001 as Phase 1. Phase 1 (~151 billion Yen) consists of major accelerator components and a part of experimental facilities. May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 6

8 Organization and Location J-PARC is a joint project between KEK and JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency). J-PARC will be located at the Tokai campus of JAEA. KAMIOKA JAERI KEK TOKYO NARITA Feb 17, 2006 May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 7

9 Three Goals of J-PARC Materials & Life Sciences at 3 GeV Nuclear & Particle Physics at 50 GeV R&D toward Transmutation at Linac May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 8

10 Overview Uniqueness of our accelerator complex. Nuclear and Particle Physics Facility at J-PARC Construction Schedule and Status May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 9

11 Performance of the 50-GeV PS Numbers in red are design values. Numbers in parentheses are ones for the beginning of Phase 1. Energy recovery of the linac to 400 MeV is planned just after the completion of the Phase-1 construction in Beam Energy: 50GeV E Linac = 400MeV (30GeV for Slow Beam) E Linac = (180MeV) (40GeV for Fast Beam) Repetition: 3.4 ~ 5-6s Flat Top Width: 0.7 ~ 2-3s Beam Intensity: 3.3x10 14 ppp, 15µA Beam Power: ( ppp, 9µA) 750kW (270kW) May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 10

12 Discussions on Physics at the 50-GeV PS Workshops NP01: December 2001 NP02: October 2002 Discussions for Letters of Intent NP04: August 2004 Discussions for full proposals Neutrino oscillation physics Kaon decay physics Strangeness nuclear physics Hadron physics Muon physics Letters of Intent May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 11

13 Letters of Intent for 50 GeV Announce of LoI call : July 2002 Thirty LoI s were submitted by early 2003 Strangeness nuclear physics 6 Nuclear/hadron physics 7 Kaon decay physics 4 Muon physics 3 Neutrino physics 1 Future facilities physicists with 2/3 from outside Japan. Committee meetings to evaluate the LoI s: Nuclear/Particle Facility LOI Authors Europe North America Japan Total # = 478 Asia Feedback to the facility design The full proposals: The first deadline was April 28, 2006! 16 proposals and 4 LoIs were submitted. The first PAC meeting will be held from June 30 through July 2. May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 12

14 Slow Extraction Beamline (Phase 1) 50-GeV PS Switch Yard A-Line NP-HALL 56m(L) 60m(W) Split Point 2% Loss T0 Target 0.5% Loss T1 Target 30% Loss Plan to extend the hall downstream (~50m) in the Phase 2. Beam Dump 750kW May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 13

15 Slow Extracted Beams at the Hadron Hall May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 14

much higher K intensity than existing facilities.

16 Slow Extracted Beams at the Hadron Hall The building is being constructed so that phase-1 experiments (LoIs) can be accommodated. K1.8 (and K1.1) has a higher priority for the day-1 exps. much higher K intensity than existing facilities. Major physics topics: Kaon decays Hypernuclear physics Hadron physics K - (1.8 GeV/c) (K -,K + ), S=-2 K + (0.8 GeV/c) K + rare decay K - (1.1 GeV/c) (K -,π - ), S=-1 May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 15

17 K1.8 beamline Most probable at Day-1 (the first day of the Phase 1) Some day in High quality kaon beamline. Best suitable for hypernuclear study, especially of S=-2 systems, using (π, K), (K, π), and (K, K) reactions. May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 16

18 Ξ Spectroscopy with (K -,K + ) KEK-SKS (Superconducting Kaon Spectrometer) expectation K + AEROGEL CERENKOV TOF SDC3 SDC4 LUCITE CERENKOV TARGET 1200 MeV/c 1100 MeV/c 0 1 m May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 17 BEAM 1.8 GeV/c E~ 2 MeV (FWHM) M HY - M A BL= 6 Tm ~6 events/day/mev for 50 msr, 2g/cm2-thick Pb ~20 days K -

19 K1.1/K0.8 beamline Another probable beamline at Day-1 (the first day of the Phase 1) People are trying to get funding also from agencies other than KEK (RIKEN, Korea, ) High quality kaon beamline with lower momenta. Suitable for stopped kaon experiments as well as K + decay experiments etc. May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 18

Hadron Physics: Strange Meson Implantation K - + 4 He K - pnn/p + p/n @ KEK-PS Theory by Y. Akaishi, et al. normal 3 He ρ center = ~ ρ 0 ρ center = ~10 ρ 0 T. Suzuki et al.

20 Hadron Physics: Strange Meson Implantation K He K - pnn/p + KEK-PS Theory by Y. Akaishi, et al. normal 3 He ρ center = ~ ρ 0 ρ center = ~10 ρ 0 T. Suzuki et al., NPA 754 (2005) 374. ρ center = ~20 ρ 0 production of dense nuclear matter which can correspond to neutron starts. Study of dense matter will be continued to J-PARC May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 19

21 K0 beamline 0 0 Beamline specifically designed for K π νν. Shielding is designed so that this experiment can be accommodated. A prototype experiment has been done at KEK-PS. May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 20

CP violation in K L π 0 νν _ Most important rare decay channel in the J-PARC era Direct CP

Clue for new physics in comparison with B physics Experiments E391a :10-9 -10-10 KOPIO :10-12

events) Unitarity relation V ud V ub* + V cd V cb* + V td V tb* =0 Standard Model prediction BR

22 CP violation in K L π 0 νν _ Most important rare decay channel in the J-PARC era Direct CP violation in FCNC process Clean measurement of Im(V td ) ~ η Clear test of the Standard Model Clue for new physics in comparison with B physics Experiments E391a : KOPIO :10-12 J-PARC : < (50 events) (100? events) Unitarity relation V ud V ub* + V cd V cb* + V td V tb* =0 Standard Model prediction BR (K L π o ν ν ) = 6 κ 1 Im(V td V ts ) 2 X 2 (x t ) = η 2 A 4 X 2 ~3 x Determination of η 10% precision May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 21

23 High momentum beamline Not day-1, but I (we) expect early realization. Primary protons and high mom. 2ndary beams. Foreign colleagues are interested in experiments at this beamline. Issues: Budget. Development of equipments at the separation point. Utilities (electric power and cooling water). May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 22

Hadron Physics: Sea Quark at Large x Bj Direct investigation of quark-gluon multibody system Proton beams (50 GeV) +hydrogen/deuterium target+dimuon ( Drell-Yan process) spectrometer dbar/ubar

24 Hadron Physics: Sea Quark at Large x Bj Direct investigation of quark-gluon multibody system Proton beams (50 GeV) +hydrogen/deuterium target+dimuon ( Drell-Yan process) spectrometer dbar/ubar (flavor asymmetry) at large x Anti quark PDF in A Quark energy loss in A PDF in large x Future: Drell-Yan and J/ψ with polarized beam 800 GeV Protons Hadron Absorber May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 23

Vector Meson Modification in Nuclear Matter KEK-PS E325: PRL 96 (2006) 092301 Improve KEK-PS E325 thin target / primary beam (10 9 ~10 10 ppp)/ slowly moving mesons Main goal : collect 10 4 ~10 5 φ

modification free from ω ρ interference ω, ρ and J/ψ can be collected at the same time higher statistics of ω, ρ than E325 with different A targets 100-1000 J/ψ are expected in 50GeV operation Normal

25 Vector Meson Modification in Nuclear Matter KEK-PS E325: PRL 96 (2006) Improve KEK-PS E325 thin target / primary beam (10 9 ~10 10 ppp)/ slowly moving mesons Main goal : collect 10 4 ~10 5 φ ee for each target in 100 shifts times as large as E325 velocity dependence of 'modified' component new nuclear targets : proton (CH 2 -C subtract), Pb narrow width -> sensitive to modification free from ω ρ interference ω, ρ and J/ψ can be collected at the same time higher statistics of ω, ρ than E325 with different A targets J/ψ are expected in 50GeV operation Normal nuclear density (p+a) but also high matter density (A+A, ~20GeV/u) in the future Electron Pair Spectrometer Tracking Device Drift Chamber GEM(Gas electron multiplier): strip readout Two-stage Electron ID Gas Cherenkov: PMT+2 mirrors GEM+CsI photocathode: pad readout Leadglass EMC ~30K Readout Channels (in 20 units) E325: 3.6K, PHENIX:~300K Cost : ~$5M (including $2M electronics)

26 PQ2A d eg. bend d e g. ben d PC4 P C3 PC2 PC 1 PQ アーク中心 x= m, y= FQ1 FV FH1 FQ3 FH2 FVD1 Neutrino Facility サスペンション型クレーン (20t x 2) 引き出し基準点 x= , y= PD1 PH2 PH1 PQ3PQ1 PH3 PQ4 PV2 PV1 PD2 ニュートリノビームライン x16.5=346.5m x5.5=115.5m R R R R R99600 遮蔽扉, 気密扉 ( 気密は地上開口部で取ってもよい ) サブトンネル DE ロスポイント ( 最大で 250W) サブトンネル D 7550 アラインメント用穴 T x12=252m2 アラインメント用穴 T2 FQ2 ビーム振り下げ FQ x16=544m2 20t クレーン 2 基 inward beam extraction proton line with SC combinedfunction magnets variable off-axis angle between 2-3 degrees 130m long decay section a near detector at 280 m another detector planned at 2km FVD2 FVD2 May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 25

T2K (Tokai-to-Kamioka) Neutrino Experiment Status of ν oscillation and neutrino mass: Atmospheric ν experiments (SK ) discovered neutrino oscillation and thus finite masses of neutrinos.

27 T2K (Tokai-to-Kamioka) Neutrino Experiment Status of ν oscillation and neutrino mass: Atmospheric ν experiments (SK ) discovered neutrino oscillation and thus finite masses of neutrinos. K2K ν µ disappearance experiment confirmed the existence of the neutrino oscillation with man-made neutrinos. Super-K: 50 kton Water Cherenkov Phase2: Hyper-K? Motivations of T2K (Tokai to Kamioka): ~1GeV ν µ beam ( 100 of K2K) Precise measurement of disappearance ν µ to ν x. Discovery of ν e appearance: High flux of ν µ enables us to observe it. Flux (ν µ ) at the 50 GeV PS > 100 x Flux (ν µ ) at KEK 12 GeV PS Future upgrade towards CP violation in the lepton sector J-PARC 0.75MW 50GeV PS Phase2: 4 MW? May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 26

Hadron Physics Drell-Yan, J/Psi production structure at large x Many Many Many Many of of of of the the the the issues issues issues issues can can can can be be be be studied studied studied studied

28 Hadron Physics Drell-Yan, J/Psi production structure at large x Many Many Many Many of of of of the the the the issues issues issues issues can can can can be be be be studied studied studied studied at at at at J J- J PARC! PARC! PARC! PARC! Neutrino scattering s if if if if once once once once the the the the facility facility facility facility is is is is well well well well prepared prepared prepared prepared through through through through the the the the plan. plan. plan. plan. π, K scattering Hypernuclei formation via π, K beams Spectroscopy with π and K beams Chiral perturbation theory via K decays Vector meson modification in matter May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 27

29 Overview Uniqueness of our accelerator complex. Nuclear and Particle Physics at J-PARC Construction Schedule and Status May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 28

30 Construction Schedule & Commissioning (Phase-1) May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 29

31 Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 30

32 Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 31

33 From Linac to 3 GeV From 3 GeV to Materials and Life 3 GeV Extraction Point Middle of Linac Tunnel Neutrino Tunnel Tunnel Tour Upstream of 50 GeV Tunnel Linac May Tunnel 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 32

34 Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 33

35 Scenes of Construction Linac Area 3 GeV Area May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 34

36 Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 35

37 Scenes of Construction Neutron source being prepared May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 36

38 Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 37

39 Scenes of Construction 50 GeV Area May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 38

40 Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 39

41 Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 40

42 Hadron Experimental Hall Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 41

43 Hadron Experimental Hall Scenes of Construction May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 42

44 Summary J-PARC will be the highest intensity accelerator complex of the GeV and ten-gev energy regions in the world. The major aims are materials and life sciences by the 3-GeV synchrotron, nuclear and particle physics by the 50-GeV synchrotron, and R&D for nuclear transmutation technology by the linear accelerator. The phase-1 construction began 2001, and will be completed in There is a wide variety of physics possibilities. Hadron physics, including Drell-Yan and quarkonium production, vector mesons etc. at the slow extracted facility. Neutrino beam Etc. etc. May 26, 2006 Shin'ya ICTP, Trieste 43

SSA Measurements with Primary Beam at J-PARC

SSA Measurements with Primary Beam at J-PARC Joint UNM/RBRC Workshop on Orbital Angular Momentum in Albuquerque February 25 th, 2006 Yuji Goto (RIKEN/RBRC) February 25, 2006 Yuji Goto (RIKEN/RBRC) 2 Introduction