Newton s Laws. 8 th Science. Image:

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1 Newton s Laws 8 th Science Image: Part A: EDPuzzle - Watch the Newton's Laws video on EDPuzzle to help you complete this section. Complete the quiz as you watch the video. PHYSICS NEWTON 1. is the study of how and why things move. Isaac is credited with the development of the three laws of motion. INERTIA 2. The first law of motion is also called the law of. It states objects will remain at REST or in MOTION in a straight line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced. ACCELERATION FORCE = Push or pull 3. The second law states the of an object depends on the MASS of the object and the amount of FORCE applied. The formula used to calculate the force is equal to mass acceleration. 4. The third law of motion states that for every there is an equal and opposite, which means that forces act in. REACTION ACTION TIMES F=ma PAIRS 1

2 Part B: Wacky Washers To prepare for this experiment, stack 4 washers one on top of the other so that you form a tower of washers. Place the stack of washers on top of the table so that you have a smooth, slick surface. 1. Aim ONE washer at the bottom of the stack of FOUR washers and apply a force with your finger or hand to slide it towards the taller stack. What happens? The moving washer should knock the bottom one out of the stack and take its place. 2. Flick a stack of TWO washers into a stack of four washers. What happens? The moving washers should knock the bottom two out of the stack and take their place. 3. Flick a stack of FOUR washers into a stack of TWO washers. What happens? The bottom two washers in the moving stack should knock the bottom two out of the stack with the top two of the moving stack taking their place.. B4. On the page under this worksheet, explain your observations in terms of Newton s 1st Law using the terms FORCE, INERTIA, REST, and MOTION in your answer. Be sure to use all four words in your answer! 2

3 Quick Review WHICH IS THE CORRECT RESULT? BEFORE A B C D Both B & C Quick Review WHICH IS THE CORRECT RESULT? BEFORE A B C D Both A & C 3

4 Part C: Tricky Tricks 1. Set up the situation shown in the diagram. The goal is to remove the circle by pulling on the string, but the penny must remain in place on top of the clothespin. Can you do it? NOTE: If the force is only applied to the paper, the penny should not move! 2. Try the experiment again using the plain circle (no string). Can you flick the circle out from under the penny and keep the penny on the end of the clothespin? 3. Balance the penny on a circle (string or no string) on the tip of you finger as shown in the second diagram. Try to remove the paper circle to leave the penny balanced on your finger. Can you do it? C4. On the page under this worksheet, explain your observations in terms of Newton s 1st Law using the terms FORCE, REST, and MOTION in your answer. Be sure to use all three words in your answer! Newton s Laws of Motion How do they apply to hockey? Give an example of each based on the video. 1 st Law 2 nd Law 3 rd Law - Video Link: 4

5 QUICK REVIEW Match each term to its best definition. FORCE MASS WEIGHT VOLUME ACCELERATION Amount of space an object takes up Amount of matter in an object Measure of the amount of gravity on a specific mass A push or a pull Change in speed or direction Part D: Master the Force 1. Experiment with the different masses and forces to fill in the chart. Force Mass 1.0 kg 2.0 kg 3.0 kg 4.0 kg 5.0 kg 1.0 N 2.0 N 3.0 N 2. Use what you learned to solve each problem. Show your work. (a) If you had an object with a mass of 10 kg and a force of 5 N, what would it's acceleration be? F/m = a 10/5 = 2 m/s 2 (b) If you had an object with a mass of 10 kg and an acceleration of 5 m/s 2, what is its force? F = ma 10 x 5 = 50 N 5

6 D3. On the page under this worksheet, write a summary of your observations that explains how FORCE, MASS, & ACCELERATION are related. If force increases and the mass stays the same, the acceleration will also increase. If the mass increases with the force staying the same, the acceleration will decrease. Part E: Balloon Rally Follow these directions to create your device. Step 1: Wrap a balloon around the end of a flexible straw (the end furthest away from the bendy part). Step 2: Use tape to attach a balloon to the end and seal up any gaps. Step 3: Try blowing up the balloon to make sure it works. If not, seal up holes or gaps with tape. Step 4: Push a straight pin through the straw about halfway between the balloon and the bend in the straw. Step 5: Fasten the pin in the eraser of a pencil. DO NOT MESS WITH THE BENDY PART OF THE STRAW AS YOU BUILD! 6

7 1. Blow up the balloon and bend your straw to a 90 o angle before allowing the air to escape. What happens? 2. Blow up the balloon and bend your straw to a 45 o angle before allowing the air to escape. What happens? 3. Blow up the balloon, but leave your straw straight (180 o angle). Release the air in the balloon. What happens? 4. Remove the pin and hold on to the straw as you blow up the balloon. Release the straw. What happens? DRAW THE DIAGRAMS and ARROWS on your worksheet. Put the pin back in the eraser and return to your teacher. Finish for tomorrow E5. On the page under this worksheet explain your observations in terms of Newton s 3rd Law using the terms ACTION, REACTION, BALLOON, & FORCE in your answer. STRAW BALLOON Be sure to use all the words in your answer! Quick Review Which arrows in each image are the action forces? Which are reaction forces? STRAW BALLOON IF YOU BLOW UP THE BALLOON UNTIL IT POPS & THEN PICK UP ALL THE PIECES, YOU CAN GET A PIECE OF GUM OR CANDY. IF YOU WANT TO KEEP YOUR STRAW/BALLOON, WRITE YOUR NAME ON IT & PUT IN THE RIGHT PLACE FOR YOUR CLASS. Put the pin back in the eraser and return to your teacher. 7

8 Done with all the lab sections? Did you write GOOD answers? If so, try the Funderstanding website listed under Challenges listed Physics Links page of the Science Spot s Kid Zone. Note: You need at least 2 hills and a loop in your coaster. Adjust the settings until it works! How fast can you get it to go and still stay on the track? 8