A Conductor-Backed Coplanar Waveguide Directional Coupler for Varactor-Tuned Phase Shifting

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1 วารสารว ชาการพระจอมเกล าพระนครเหน อ ป ท ฉบ บท เม.ย. - ม.ย. 55 Th Jurnl f KMITNB., Vl., N., Apr. - Jun. 00 A nutr-b plnr Wvgui Dirtinl uplr fr Vrtr-Tun Phs hifting hhwn wngnt*, Pryt Arthlin* n Vh Viv* Astrt This ppr prsnts nw 3-B plnr wvgui upl-lin irtinl uplr with nutr- grun pln n its pplitin in tunl nlg phs shifting. In this rsrh, th 3-B upl-lin irtinl uplr n phs shiftr wr ptimlly sign n uilt n mirwv sustrt. Th prps irtinl uplr shw prmising rsults n th phs shiftr iruit xhiit pilitis f fin phs tuning frm 88 t 93 with rvrs iss frm 0 t 0 V t th prting frquny f ~ 8 GHz, lw insrtin lss f 5 B, n lrg nwith f ~ GHz. Kywrs : nutr-, plnr wvgui, irtinl uplr, vrtr-tun, phs shiftr.. Intrutin Prlll upl-lin struturs r gnrlly mply s uiling ls fr irtinl uplrs, filtrs, n thr vis in RF n mirwv pplitins. A irtinl uplr in prlll upl-lin strutur hs vry high irtivity, hwvr, thr r sm iffiultis fr signing f lw upling (.g. 3-B irtinl uplr whn uplr siz is ritil. Nvrthlss, t high frquny (shrt wvlngth, uplr lngth prlm is nt signifint. A plnr wvgui (PW strutur is nw xtnsivly mply whn friting intgrt iruits inst f using mirstrip, u t th fritin prss mptiilitis, lw isprsin, n lw insrtin lss. Als irtinl uplr with PW strutur prvis highr irtivity. Aitinlly, t imprv irtinl uplr prfrmns, th nutr plnr wvgui (BPW ws prps us f its suprir hrtristis vr PW, inluing mhnil strngth n high pwr-hnling pility [ - ]. Furthrmr, using BPW n ru th uplr siz n limint ir-rigs fr nnting grun plns [3]. Thrfr this wr stui nw upllin irtinl uplr n BPW strutur t high frquny f ~ 8 GHz. Th ppr thn invstigt th rfltin typ phs shiftr [] using th prps BPW irtinl uplr with vrtr is trmint t tw f th fur prts. Th phs shiftr n finly tun t ru phs rrr suitl fr I-Q multin n multin in igitl mmunitins.. Thry This stin sris th thris rlt t this wr inluing th nlysis n sign f BPW upl-lin irtinl uplr n vrtr-tun phs shiftr. * Dprtmnt f Eltril Enginring, Fulty f Enginring, King Mngut s Institut f Thnlgy Nrth Bng. 5

2 วารสารว ชาการพระจอมเกล าพระนครเหน อ ป ท ฉบ บท เม.ย. - ม.ย. 55 Th Jurnl f KMITNB., Vl., N., Apr. - Jun. 00. nutr-b plnr Wvgui upl- Lin Dirtinl uplr A strutur f nutr- plnr wvgui (BPW trnsmissin lin nsists f ntr nutr n grun plns n th sis f mirwv sustrt. vrl rsrhrs hv wr xtnsivly n nutr- upl lins. hn [5] us nfrml mpping mth t nlyz plnr upl-lin hrtristis. Ltr, Wu n Uysl [6] prps nlytil frmuls fr lultin f hrtristi prmtrs f nutr- upl lins. This wr prps nw irtinl uplr with urvtur right ngl t ll prts. Tp viw n its rss stin f symmtril BPW upl-lin irtinl uplr r shwn in Figs. ( n (, whn prt,, 3 n r input, irt, upl n islt prts, rsptivly. Th n vn hrtristi impns, Z, n Z,, f th BPW upl-lin irtinl uplr r givn y Z Z,, K K ( ( whr th n vn prmittivitis, ff, n ff,, r trmin s ff, ff, r K r K i Th vlus f ( ( / K( + K( K( 0π / ff, K n ( ( ( K i, whr i,,, n, r th mplt lliptil intgrls f th first n its mplmnt. Th prmtrs f i n i r fin frm th upl-lin imnsins (,, n h, s shwn in fllwing ( / K( + K( K( 0π / ff, K( K( + K( K( ( / K( + K( K( K( K( + K( K( ( / K( K( K(. + h ( ( Fig. A BPW upl-lin irtinl uplr ( tp viw n ( its rss stin t pln whr α α g w Prt Prt Grun pln upl lin nutr- grun pln 3 + / + / / [ + α ( / + ] + + α ( / / / [ + α ( / + ] + + α ( / / r ( + 3 3( + ( + 3 ( / ( ( + ( + ( + ( / ( ( π / h sinh ( / h sinh π ( π / h sinh ( / h sinh s π ( π / h, sinh ( / h. sinh π 3 + Prt Prt 3 l 3 (3 (3 (3 (3 ( ( ( ( ( 6

3 วารสารว ชาการพระจอมเกล าพระนครเหน อ ป ท ฉบ บท เม.ย. - ม.ย. 55 Th Jurnl f KMITNB., Vl., N., Apr. - Jun. 00 Th nlysis f th upl-lin irtinl uplr n rri ut y ting th furfl symmtry f th strutur s illustrt in Fig.. With prpr xittins, th symmtry plns n rrspn t n ltri wlls r mgnti wlls. Th rfltin ffiints f th uplr whn th plns n r mgnti wlls (, is n ltri wll n is mgnti wll (, is mgnti wll n is n ltri wll (, n n r th ltri wlls ( n fun s [7],,,,,, t t,, t t t (5 (5 (5 (5 whr β n β r prpgtin nstnts f vn n ms, rsptivly, n l/. With suprpsitin, th sttring prmtrs f th uplr n trmin in th fllwing 3 (6 (6 (6 (6. Vrtr-Tun 90 Phs hiftr A nw nlg phs shiftr with suprir hrtristis f lw isprsin n high nwith is prsnt in this ppr. Th prps 90 nlg phs shiftr using 3-B BPW irtinl uplr in th strutur f rfltiv typ is shwn in shmti t t t ( ( + ( + ( + Prt Input Fig. Prt 3 Vrtr 3-B Dirtinl uplr Prt Vrtr Prt Output A shmti f rfltin typ phs shiftr. igrm f Fig.. In this figur, vrtr is r mply y nnting with tw f fur prts f th uplr t prvi vril rtn. ntinuus fin-tun phs ngl n tin whn pplying rvrs is vltg t vrtr is. P Th sttring prmtrs (rturn lss n P (insrtin lss f th phs shiftr (Fig. n thn lult s [8-0] P T ( + P T 3 (7 (7 (7 whn n 3 r th irt n upl trnsmissin ffiints f th uplr, rsptivly, n T is th rfltin ffiint frm th vrtr i. 3. Dsign n Exprimnt 3. 3-B BPW upl-lin Dirtinl uplr Th mirwv sustrt (RO3006 frm Rgrs rp. with rltiv prmittivity f 6.5±0.05 n iltri thinss f 50 mil (mil /000 inh ws us in this wr. Th upl-lin irtinl uplr prmtrs wr numrilly lult n ptimiz t tin th sir sttring prmtrs y utilizing MATLAB prgrm, rsulting th imnsins with th upl-lin sping (s f 5 mil, th gp (g f 70 mil, th lin with (w f 80 3 P + T + 3 7

4 วารสารว ชาการพระจอมเกล าพระนครเหน อ ป ท ฉบ บท เม.ย. - ม.ย. 55 Th Jurnl f KMITNB., Vl., N., Apr. - Jun. 00 mil n th upl-lin lngth (l f 550 mil. Th n vn prmittivitis n input hrtristi impn wr lult t ff, 3.9, ff, Z Z Z Z 50 Ω.. n in,, Th prps uplr lin ws uilt with th ptimiz imnsins. A mirmputr-ntrll milling mhin (LPKF ml ws mply t th th iruit pttrns n th sustrt with th mximum rrr f ± mil. Th th irtinl uplr ws thn nnt with 50 Ω MA nntrs t ll prts, whrs th uppr n lwr grun plns wr nnt t th nntrs (Fig.3. A ntwr nlyzr ws thn us t urtly msur th sttring prmtrs f th mplt 3-B BPW irtinl uplr. Th lult n msur (input, (irt, 3 (upl n (islt wr hiv in Fig., initing vry g grmnt. Fig. 5 Mgnitu (B Th mplt 90 BPW phs shiftr Ms Ms im im Frquny (GHz Fig. 6 lultin n msurmnt f th n f th 90 BPW phs shiftr. Fig. 3 Mgnitu (B Fig Th mplt 3-B BPW upl-lin irtinl uplr Frquny (GHz im im 3im im Ms Ms 3Ms Ms lultin n msurmnt f th sttring prmtrs f th 3-B BPW upl-lin irtinl uplr. 3. Vrtr-Tun 90 Phs hiftr Th 3-B BPW irtinl uplr ws us s min strutur f th prps 90 nlg phs shiftr. Thn, lultins f th phs shiftr wr prfrm with sm y vrtr i prmtrs inluing sris rsistn n juntin pitn. In this wr, th vrtr is f MV-38 (R s.7 Ω n j.6 pf with ml pgs frm th Mtlis rp. wr us. lultin n msurmnt frm th mplt phs shiftr iruit (Fig.5 wr prfrm, s th rsults f (rturn lss n (insrtin lss shwn in Fig.6. In this figur, iffrns f lult n msur vlus n fun prly u t th vi hl n pg ffts. Finlly, th msurmnt f phs hngs t vrius rvrs is vltgs ws prfrm. Bising fr th vrtrs ws hiv y mplying xtrnl is ts nnt t 8

5 วารสารว ชาการพระจอมเกล าพระนครเหน อ ป ท ฉบ บท เม.ย. - ม.ย. 55 Th Jurnl f KMITNB., Vl., N., Apr. - Jun. 00 Phs (gr Fig Rvrs Bis Vltg (V Phs im Phs Msur lult n msur phs hngs vs. vrtr rvrs is vltg. input n utput prts f th mplt phs shiftr. Th phs hng lultin n msurmnt vrsus rvrs is vltg wr pltt in Fig.7, shwing xllnt grmnt.. nlusins Th nw 3-B BPW upl-lin irtinl uplr ws prps n l t 90 nlg phs shiftr t prting frquny f ~8 GHz with lrg nwith (~ GHz n lw insrtin lss ( 5 B. Mrvr, th phs ngl ws prisly tun y vrying rvrs is vltg t vrtr is. Th rsults frm this wr shw vry prmising phs shiftr fr high prfrmn multin n multin iruits in pplitins f RF n mirwv igitl mmunitin systms. Th hrtristis f th irtinl uplr n phs shiftr my rstilly imprv whn friting mnlithi mirwv intgrt iruit (MMI. 5. Anwlgmnt This wr hs n fun y th Thiln Rsrh Fun (TRF unr th grnt numr PDF38/. Th Divisin f Dmsti Trnsmissin t th mmunitin Authrity f Thiln (AT supprt instrumnttin fr tsting. Rfrns. Ghin, G. n Nli,. Prmtrs f plnr wvgui with lwr grun pln. Eltrn. Ltt. 9 (983 : Ghin, G. n Nli,. U. plnr wvgui fr MMI pplitins: Efft f uppr shiling, nutr ing, finit-xtnt grun pln n lin-t-lin upling. IEEE Trns. n Mirwv Thry n Th. 35 (Mr. 987 : Liu, Y. n Ith, T. Lg phnmn in multilyr nutr- plnr wvgui. IEEE Trns. n Mirwv Thry n Th. 3 (Nv. 993 : Kul,. K. n Bht, B. Mirwv n Millimtr Wv Phs hiftr. Vlum II. Nrw : Arth Hus, hng, K. K. M. Anlysis n synthsis f plnr upl lins n sustrts f finit thinss. IEEE Trns. n Mirwv Thry n Th. (Apr. 996 : Wu,. H. n Uysl,. A nw systmti n ffiint mth f nlysis fr nutr plnr-wvgui irtinl uplrs. IEEE Trns. n Mirwv Thry n Th. 7 (Jul. 999 : llin, R. E. Funtins fr Mirwv Enginring. n. Nw Yr : MGrw-Hill, Hrin, R. N., Dwny, E.J. n Munushin, J. Eltrni-vril phs shiftrs utilizing vril pitn is. Pr. IRE, 8 (My 960 : Dwsn, D. E., t l. An nlg X-n phs shiftr. IEEE Mirwv n Millimtr-Wv Mnlthi iruit ymp. (98 : Luyszyn,. n Rrtsn, I. D. Anlg rfltin tplgy uiling ls fr ptiv mirwv signl prssing pplitins. IEEE Trns. n Mirwv Thry n Th. 3 (Mr. 995 :

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