(b) (i) suitable scale chosen (>50% of grid used);

Transcription

1 Answer Notes Marks (a) metre rule(r); allow (metal) tape stop watch / stop clock; measure / measuring tape / metre stick ignore timer either order (b) (i) suitable scale chosen (>50% of grid used); 5 axes labelled with quantities and unit; reject m for minutes orientation unimportant plotting correct to nearest half square (minus one for each plotting error);; i.e. two plotting errors = no marks for plotting line (curve) of best fit acceptable; i.e. smooth curve within small square of each point water time in depth minutes in cm (ii) idea that depth decreases with time; allow RA idea that relationship is non linear; ignore negative correlation Ignore all references to proportional and curved allow idea of rate arguments e.g. depth decreases more slowly with time gets marks allow exponential decrease for marks

2 (c) any of: MP. idea of pressure decreasing (with allow RA depth / time); MP. idea of force changing with {pressure / depth / time}; allow weight for force ignore mass MP3. idea of (available) GPE decreasing; Total 0 marks

3 Answer Notes Marks (a) B (hit the walls of the container harder) (b) (average) KE (of particles) decreases ( as the temperature falls); AND one of (because) they move slower; idea that at 0 K the particles have no kinetic energy; idea that at 0 K the particles are not moving; ignore particles freeze KE is lost allow it for average KE absolute zero for 0 K (c) (i) 300 K; (c) (ii) both temperatures seen in Kelvin; Substitution; (Rearrangement and) Evaluation; e.g = P this would get marks if seen x 354 = P this would get marks if seen 300 (P ) =50(kPa) this is 3 marks no mark for equation as it is given on page allow = P for mark (kpa) for marks bald answer 48 (kpa) for 3 marks answers which round to 50 Power of Ten error (POT) =- 3 (Total for Question = 7 marks)

4 3 (a) (i) Anomaly clearly identified (0.44 mm); Answer Accept Reject Marks (ii) Averaging seen /6.7 8 /4.6 7; Anomaly excluded/ 7 seen ; Final answer rounded to decimal places; e.g.: 0.3 (m Ignore sig figs in working 3 Allow full marks for correct answer, no working, i.e.: 0.3 (mm) = 3 marks If no working accept these other bald answers: etc (mm)= marks 0.34 (mm) = marks (mm) = mark 0.33 (mm) = mark

5 3 (b) Any two of: Yes / No (no mark) Answer Accept Reject Marks Accept reverse arguments MP Good way of measuring small values / Measures a larger value; MP Taking a larger measurement might reduce (%) errors; MP3 Not actually measuring what is required (a particular coin); MP4 Possible to make a maths error e.g. when dividing / counting /rounding; MP5 Not all coins are necessarily the same / idea of anomalous coin / bent / worn; Ignore comments about human error Ignore reference to caliper precision Ignore comments about gaps

6 3 (c) Any three of: Answer Accept Reject Marks Ignore information 3 about calculating or finding volume MPMeasure/find mass; MP Using a named instrument - e.g. (top pan) balance, scale(s); Accept Weighing to find mass Ignore measuring weight MP3 A sensible experimental precaution: e.g. Repeat readings / measure mass of several of coins and divide/ check balance zero; MP4 Formula to use (density = mass volume); MP5 A correct density unit mentioned (e.g. kg/m 3 ); Ignore volume = πr h Total 9 marks

7 Answer Notes Marks 4 (a) 0 000; allow 9800, 980, 0 4 N; allow newton(s) marks are independent (b) (i) density = mass / volume; allow abbreviation, e.g. ρ = m/v, d = m/v or rearrangements (ii) substitution OR rearrangement; evaluation; award if either seen in working e.g. 300 = 000/volume = 0.43 (m 3 ) allow 0.4, 0.434, 0.435, condone 0.44 (c) (i) bar chart / bar graph; condone histogram (ii) any from: MP. idea that (density) data is discrete, categoric, discontinuous; non/not continuous MP. materials have non-numerical values / are not quantifiable; MP3. material types identified as categories; MP4. idea that a line graph would indicate continuity; (iii) cork is less dense OR water is denser; cork 5%, ¼ as dense accept correct OR calculation of both water four times denser; densities for marks Total 9 marks

8 Answer Notes Marks 5 (a) (i) uranium/plutonium; allow chemical symbols (ii) (particles) formed after fission/after do not allow U breaks up; after decay plus any one from:- neutron; daughter nuclei; named products; allow gamma (radiation) (iii) MP they are (still) radioactive/ emit ionising radiation /eq; allow harmful to people/environment MP they last for a very long time/have a long half-life/eq; (iv) it slows down neutrons/eq; ignore absorbs neutrons (v) any two ideas from:- MP fewer neutrons would be absorbed; MP fission rate would increase / /(reactor) become critical ; MP3 too much energy produced (too fast); more neutrons available the reaction would go out of control do not accept turns into a bomb MP4 meltdown of core/reactor; meltdown of it

9 (b) (i) 773(K); (ii) substitution; rearrangement; evaluation; e.g. 8.4 = P no mark for the equation rearrangement and substitution in either order 3 P = 8.4 x (MPa).7 allow ecf from (b)(i) for all 3 marks if calculation seen with C for T instead of K, then max mark = answer of 9.7 (MPa) with no working = mark total marks =