Information Session for the ITER CPTS System

Transcription

1 Information Session for the ITER CPTS System Fusion for Energy Barcelona, 15 April

2 Introduction to the meeting Information provided is preliminary and subject to Agenda change ahead of formal tendering Will be published (on F4E website) including 10:00 Welcome any additional info provided 10:05 Introduction to Diagnostics and CPTS 10:45 Technical presentation on the CPTS & First Contract (including Questions/Answers) 11:45 Presentations (12 minutes each) Active Space Technologies Added Value Solutions (AVS) Bertin Technologies CSEM Danfysik 13: 10 Finger food 14:00 Plenary discussion (Questions/Answers, including IP) 14:30 Presentations (12 minutes each) IPP-CR KT-Optics Gmbh UKAEA 15:06 Tendering procedure 16:00 End of the session F4E Contacts Before Call for Tender During tender phase Mehdi Daval (F4E Business Intelligence) David Guardia (F4E Procurement) 2

3 Introduction to Diagnostics & CPTS Information Day for the ITER CPTS System Fusion for Energy Barcelona, 15 April

4 Diagnostics measure plasma and first-wall parameters Parameters from diagnostics may be scalar, 1D profiles, 2D profiles/images against time and may be derived from multiple diagnostics generating complementary information Instrumentation of the machine (including its subsystems) is traditionally distinct Examples of JET diagnostic data Frame difference, t=63.12 Equilibrium (flux surfaces) plasmashape evolution Electron density and temperature profiles Constant on flux surfaces 1D profile is adequate First-wall temperature (JET IR camera) 14 MeV neutron profile (JET) Similar: total radiation, SXR, Visible image plasma-wall interaction (JET) 4

5 These parameters are for machine protection, basic control Purpose Measurement* Machine Protection Energy reserves, release, triggers: Plasma current, position, shape, speed, energy, instabilities, error field; halo current; neutron flux & emissivity; radiated power; first wall temperature and visible image; impurity/d/t influx; divertor temperature, runaway electrons Basic Control Equilibrium related basic mode: Loop voltage, toroidal field, position, shape, neutron flux & emissivity, core fuel ratio, neutron fluence, impurity concentration, Z eff, line-averaged electron density, radiated power, first wall temperature and visible image, neutral density between plasma/first wall, divertor ionisation front postion, divertor impurity/dt influx, divertor He density, gas pressure & concentration in main chamber and ducts, operating (H/L) mode * Detailed specifications, e.g. resolution or location requirements, vary by purpose 5

6 advanced control and physics studies Purpose Measurement* Advanced Control Equilibrium related Advanced Mode: Current profile; neutron flux & emissivity; ion temperature profile; core He density; impurity density profiles; electron temperature profile; electron density profile; radiated power; plasma rotation; instabilities; fast-ion losses; divertor heat load Physics studies Fundamental understanding: All of the above often at higher spatial and temporal resolution * Detailed specifications, e.g. resolution or location requirements, vary by purpose 6

7 >50 diagnostics; ~25% from EU Group Diagnostic Party Group Diagnostic Party Continuous ext. Rogowski EU CXRS (on DNB) (core) EU Out-vessel Discrete coils EU H α spectroscopy RF Out-ves. Steady-state sensors EU VUV (main plasma) KO Partial and cont. flux loops EU Impurity influx mon. (div. vis.) JA FOCS IO X-ray crystal spectrometer US Halo-Rogowski coils EU Soft x-ray array (radial) CN In-vessel coils EU Neutral particle analyser RF Radial neutron camera EU MSE (on HNB) US Vertical neutron camera RF CXRS (on DNB) (edge) RF Microfission chambers JA Survey x-ray crystal spectr. IN Neutron flux mon. (ex-vessel) CN H-phase hard x-ray monitor IO *γ-ray spectrometers (radial) IO Beam-emission spectr. (DNB) IN Activation system KO Divertor VUV spectroscopy KO *High-res. neutron spectrom. IO/EU VUV edge imaging KO Divertor NFM RF XRCS edge imaging IN Thomson scattering (core) EU Vis/IR cameras (midplane) EU Thomson scattering (edge) JA Thermocouples (outer target) JA Thomson scat. (div., out) RF Pressure gauges EU Tor. Interfero-/polari-meter US Residual gas analysers US Polarimeter JA IR thermography (div) JA Bolometric *Coll. Thomson scat. (LFS) EU Langmuir probes CN Bolometers EU *Erosion monitor IO Magnetics Neutron Optical Microwave Spectroscopic and NPA Plasma Facing and Operational ECE (main plasma) US/IN *Dust monitor IO Reflectometer (main pl., LFS) US Vis/IR cameras (upper) US Reflectometer (plasma pos.) EU Thermocouples (inner target) JA Reflectometer (main pl., HFS) RF *Tritium monitor IO Interferometer (divertor) Diagnostic Vessel and cryostat services EU/IO Engineering Fluid services IO Port systems Lower ports IO Equatorial ports y Window assemblies IO Upper ports y * Enabled diagnostic (whole or part to be procured later) Each diagnostic typically comprises front-end detectors/exciters, transmission systems, back-end detectors and electronics and software for control and analysis 7

8 Diagnostic front-ends are integrated in ports, on vessel and in divertor Harsh environment & limited space for front-end components 8

9 ITER is a large step from contemporary devices Much more challenging environment Severe access limitations for maintenance, even with remote handling Severe space constraints for design Neutron and γ radiation loading Strong electromechanical and thermal loads New or more challenging measurement requirements Design activity is engineering-driven on ITER by contrast to contemporary machines where diagnostics design has been physics-driven 9

10 The ITER environment is new 10

11 Radiation is a major concern Dose rate of 100µS/h after 10 days for manned access with implications for component maintenance / lifetime materials choices shielding design measurement performance 11

12 CPTS: Principal requirements Meet the schedule Fit in available space Shield neutrons adequately Use allowed materials only (for vacuum, radiation compatibility ) Meet strict fire safety regulations Firm constraints Survive operational loads for ITER lifetime Neutrons Gammas Particle flux Electromechanical Thermal Perform with high reliability & availability Provide for a maintenance regime Provide for a compatible calibration regime Measure temperature and density profiles High spatial and temporal resolution Within specified error bars High rep rate Safety-important components to be supplied by ITER IO Design for given laser and detector specifications What is achievable given firm constraints and tight schedule at reasonable cost? 12

13 Principle of operation Example layout of a time-of-flight TS system PLASMA PORT PLUG CPTS is an active diagnostic (laser beam injected in plasma and scattered light measured) BEAM DUMP LASER IN COLLECTION DETECTOR Multiple disciplines involved including plasma physics, nuclear physics, relativistic effects, atomic and molecular physics, solidstate physics, electromagnetism, optics, detection technology, electronics, advanced analysis techniques Temperature dependence of scattered light Scattering is very weak (~ x10-11 photons scattered) powerful laser pulse needed Scattered signal is Doppler-broadened (relativistic); spectrum contains temperature information Strength of scattered is proportional to density 13

14 Evolution of CPTS TODAY Both conventional (imaging) and LIDAR (time-of-flight) concepts have been put forward Key constraints: - Schedule - Environment - Construction cost Many challenges identified with both approaches (information to be provided) Not clear what performance and reliability / operating life is achievable Two main contracts proposed Contract 1: System-level design + critical R&D and design of key components (conventional or LIDAR; for given laser and detector performance) -- subject of today s meeting Contract 2: Final design & construction 14

15 Alternative concepts to achieve spatial resolution Conventional (imaging) LIDAR (time-of-flight) (UKAEA/CCFE) Laser and viewing geometry showing mirror labyrinth in port plug and intersections of viewing chords and laser few J, few ns Significant issues found in both approaches early assessment needed! Back-scattered light collected in time-of flight approach: few J, 250ps pulse yields profile with 8cm resolution Some challenges Power handling by beam dump and vacuum windows Mirror lifetime Alignment of collection optics High temperature measurement (40keV) Neutron shielding requirements Powerful, high-rep laser Detectors (wavelength coverage, response time ) Path from/to lasers and detectors 15

16 Tentative schedule CONTRACT 1 SLD / R&D & Prep. Design Tendering Interface specification Jan 2017 Design review Jun 2017 SLD R&D / Design Closure Now Jan 2016 Avoid use of background IP PDR mid 2019 FDR Q CONTRACT 2 Final design & build Tendering Final Design Build Avoids exclusion of suppliers of Contract 1 from Contract 2 (no unfair competitive advantage) Sep 2018 Full disclosure of output from CONTRACT 1 to ensure level competition (foreground IP owned by F4E) 2025 Delivery 16

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