Outline. A. Carlson, U of M summer student

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1 Manitoba Manitoba Mining Mining & & Minerals Minerals Convention Convention An appraisal of the potential for volcanic volcanic-hosted massive sulphide (VHMS) deposits in the Archean Rice Lake greenstone belt, southeastern Manitoba. Scott Scott Anderson Anderson Manitoba Manitoba Geological Geological Survey Survey C. Chamale, U of M summer student

2 Outline VHMS deposits: exploration criteria Rice Lake greenstone belt: regional setting geology and stratigraphy geochemistry paleotectonic setting VHMS potential: Rice Lake area Gem Lake area A. Carlson, U of M summer student

3 Alan Galley, GSC VHMS VHMS deposits: deposits: Regional Regional scale: scale: Local Local scale: scale: subvolcanic subvolcanic intrusions intrusions (heat (heat source) source) high-t high-t rhyolitic rhyolitic volcanism; volcanism; proximal proximal felsic felsic flow-complexes flow-complexes regional regional semi-concordant semi-concordant alteration alteration zones; zones; silica-epidote silica-epidote proximal proximal footwall footwall alteration alteration pipes ; pipes ; MgMg- and and Fe-chlorite, Fe-chlorite, sericite-quartz sericite-quartz synvolcanic synvolcanic faults faults (discordant (discordant alteration, alteration, facies facies changes, changes, dike dike swarms) swarms) laterally laterally extensive extensive exhalite exhalite horizons horizons VHMS-style VHMS-style mineral mineral occurrences occurrences exploration exploration criteria criteria IntraoceanicIntraoceanic- or or continental-arcs continental-arcs Extensional Extensional geodynamic geodynamic settings settings (arc-rift (arc-rift or or mature mature back-arc back-arc spreading spreading centre) centre) bimodal bimodal volcanic volcanic succession; succession; submarine submarine depositional depositional environment environment (Franklin, 1993)

4 Western Western Superior Superior Province Province MMa a O O n nniitto ntta o b arri baa ioo Northern Northern Superior Superior rd-o ford Oxxfo S tullll Stu Munro Munro Is Isllaanndd L L.. Prolific Prolific host host to to OLG OLG deposits deposits Few Few known known VHMS VHMS occurrences occurrences Lake Lake Winnipeg Winnipeg NCT NCT >> Ga Ga continental continental terranes terranes and isotopic influence and isotopic influence Ga Ga Northern Northern Superior Superior superterrane superterrane Ga Ga North North Caribou Caribou terrane terrane Ga Ga Winnipeg Winnipeg River terrane River terrane Red Red Lake Lake belt belt Berens Berens River River Uchi Uchi English English R. R. Greenstone Greenstone belts belts R. eg R. Wi ipeg nnip Winn Rice Rice Lake Lake belt belt Quetico Quetico Wabigoon Wabigoon Mainly Mainly continental continental affinity affinity Mainly Mainly oceanic oceanic affinity affinity Meta-sedimentary Meta-sedimentary belt belt Wawa Wawa uuppeerri S S e e ioo k LLaak rr VHMS deposit / district km km Granitoid Granitoid rocks rocks

5 Rice Rice Lake Lake greenstone greenstone belt belt

6 Central Central RLB: RLB: geology geology * PMAP WSZ Angular unconformity (D1) D4-D5 high-strain zones D2 thrust SAA F6 fold F3 folds RRP

7 BLA BLA (D3) (D3) Southeast Southeast RLB: RLB: RRP RRP geology geology Bidou Bidou Garner Garner BL-WGSZ BL-WGSZ (D4-D5) (D4-D5) Gem Gem F6 F6 fold fold Edmunds Edmunds

8 Rice Lake belt: Neoarchean stratigraphy

9 ** Unpublished Unpublished data data from from Bailes Bailes (1998) (1998) and and Anderson Anderson ( ) ( ) EENd 0.48 & 2.13 (Tomlinson et al., unpub.) Nd Ga Ga 0.48 & 2.13 (Tomlinson et al., unpub.) EENd 1.4 (this study) Nd Ga Ga 1.4 (this study) Pillowed Pillowed basalt basalt flow flow Halfway Halfway Lake Lake Bedded Bedded greywacke greywacke and and chert chert in in pillowed pillowed basalt basalt Halfway Halfway Lake Lake Lower Lower Bidou: Bidou: ca. ca Ga Ga ocean-floor ocean-floor basalt basalt

10 *Unpublished *Unpublished data data from from Bailes Bailes (1998), (1998), Corkery Corkery (1995, (1995, 1999) 1999) and and Anderson Anderson ( ) ( ) EENd 0.3 & 1.1 Nd 0.3 & & 2.94 Ga T TDM DM 3.03 & 2.94 Ga Andesite-dacite Andesite-dacite breccia breccia Rice Rice Lake Lake Dacite Dacite breccia breccia Rice Rice Lake Lake Upper Upper Bidou: Bidou: ca. ca Ga Ga arc arc dacite-andesite dacite-andesite

11 ** Unpublished Unpublished data data from from Bailes Bailes (1998) (1998) and and Anderson Anderson ( ) ( ) EENd 1.2 Nd Ga T TDM DM 2.91 Ga Pillowed Pillowed basalt basalt flow flow Rice Rice Lake Lake Contorted Contorted magmatic magmatic layering layering In In leucogabbro leucogabbro (SAM (SAM unit) unit) Rice Rice Lake Lake Upper Upper Bidou: Bidou: ca. ca Ga Ga arc arc basalt-andesite basalt-andesite

12 *Unpublished *Unpublished data data from from Corkery Corkery (1995, (1995, 1999) 1999) and and Anderson Anderson ( ) ( ) EENd 0.3 & 0.9 Nd 0.3 & & 2.99 Ga T TDM DM 3.10 & 2.99 Ga Flow-banded Flow-banded rhyolite rhyolite Altered Altered rhyolite rhyolite breccia breccia Gem Gem assemblage: assemblage: ca. ca Ga Ga arc-rift arc-rift rhyolite rhyolite

13 *Unpublished *Unpublished data data from from Corkery Corkery (1995, (1995, 1999) 1999) and and Anderson Anderson ( ) ( ) (at 2.72 Ga) EENd Nd (at 2.72 Ga) Pillowed Pillowed basalt basalt flow flow Mafic Mafic breccia breccia with with amygdaloidal amygdaloidal basalt basalt clasts clasts Gem Gem assemblage: assemblage: ca. ca Ga Ga arc-rift arc-rift basalt basalt

14 Rice Lake belt: paleotectonic setting ca Ga continental-arc / marginal-arc Bimodal VHMS systems trench back-arc ridge ca Ga arc-extension back-arc basin / arc-rift rifted continental arc slab mantle wedge back-arc basin back-arc crust continental crust

15 Central Central RLB: RLB: geology geology Arc Back-arc Arc

16 Pillowed Pillowed basalt basalt Heterolithic Heterolithic debris debris flow flow Rainy Rainy Lake Lake Road Road section: section: stratigraphy stratigraphy Tholeiitic back-arc Massive and pillowed basalt flows Gabbro sills Flow-breccias Water-lain Water-lain felsic felsic tuff tuff Dacite Dacite lapilli lapilli tuff tuff cut cut by by gabbro gabbro dikes dikes Arc extension Subsidence Arc / back-arc trans. Dacite Dacite breccia breccia 500 m Epiclastic rocks Greywacke-mudstone turbidites Heterolithic debris flows Gabbro sills Pillowed basalt flows Water-lain felsic tuff Calcalkaline-arc Dacite tuff breccia, breccia, tuff Heterolithic conglomerate, sandstone Abundant gabbro dikes/sills Ross River Pluton Bt-Hb quartz diorite Greywacke-mudstone Greywacke-mudstone turbidites turbidites

17 Arc Arc extension extension Basin Basin subsidence subsidence Arc Arc // back-arc back-arc transition transition Rainy Rainy Lake Lake Road Road section: section: VHMS VHMS potential potential Debris flow with sulphide clasts ca Ma Semiconcordant Semiconcordant chlorite chlorite alteration alteration Solid-sulphide Solid-sulphide (po-cpy) (po-cpy) clasts clasts in in debris debris flow flow Chlorite alteration 500 m Ross River Pluton subvolcanic intrusion (heat source) ca Ma

18 Southeast Southeast RLB: RLB: Back-arc geology geology ** Compiled Compiled from from Stockwell Stockwell (1945), (1945), Weber Weber (1971), (1971), Seneshen Seneshen and and Owens Owens (1985), (1985), and and Anderson Anderson (2003) (2003) Arc Arc-rift Arc Arc-rift

19 flow flow complexes complexes Gem Gem assemblage assemblage VHMS VHMS potential: potential: proximal proximal volcaniclastic volcaniclastic rhyolitic pumeceous rhyolitic volcanic volcanic unit unit pumeceous pyroclastic pyroclastic == subaerial subaerial and and subaqueous subaqueous volcanism volcanism Collapsed Rhyolite Pillowed Collapsed pumice pumice lapilli lapilli Rhyolite breccia breccia Pillowed felsic felsic flow flow in in QFP QFP rhyolite rhyolite breccia breccia Flow-banded Flow-banded rhyolite rhyolite Flow-banded Flow-banded rhyolite rhyolite breccia breccia Collapsed Collapsed pumice pumice lapilli lapilli In In rhyolite rhyolite tuff tuff

20 Gem Gem assemblage assemblage VHMS VHMS potential: potential: FII FII -- FIII FIII rhyolite rhyolite Superior Superior Province Province VHMS VHMS deposits deposits 500 Kilometres South Bay McFauld s Lake Detour Geco Louvicort Horne Mattabi Kidd Creek Mattagami Noranda

21 Syngenetic Syngenetic alteration alteration Gem Gem assemblage assemblage VHMS VHMS potential: potential: hydrothermal hydrothermal activity activity Chlorite-garnet Chlorite-garnet alteration alteration Gossanous Gossanous qtz-ser-py qtz-ser-py alteration alteration in in rhyolite rhyolite breccia breccia Altered Altered (ser-py) (ser-py) clasts clasts in in heterolithic conglomerate heterolithic conglomerate Exhalative Exhalative horizons? horizons? Sulphide Sulphide occurrences occurrences Rhyolitic Rhyolitic sandstone sandstone with with black black chert chert interbeds interbeds Near-solid Near-solid pyrite pyrite lens lens Sericite Sericite alteration alteration in in rhyolitic rhyolitic sandstone sandstone Pyritic Pyritic clast clast

22 Conclusions Favourable indications of VHMS potential: continental-arc / marginal oceanic-arc to back-arc setting bimodal submarine volcanism extensional geodynamic settings (arc-rift) subvolcanic intrusions FII FIII rhyolitic flow-complexes hydrothermal activity base-metal sulphide occurrences P. Kremer, U of M summer student

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