Drilling Uncertainty Prediction Technical Section (DUPTS) Jon Curtis Chair

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2 Drilling Uncertainty Prediction Technical Section (DUPTS) Jon Curtis Chair 2

3 Charter : connect.spe.org/dupts/home The Drilling Uncertainty Prediction Technical Section will address major challenges affecting the cost and efficiency of drilling operations. By integrating resources and experience from both the Drilling and Subsurface worlds, the primary aim will be to ensure accurate and safe well placement while addressing the needs of the Industry to reduce Invisible Lost Time and mitigate or in some cases even eliminate Non-Productive Time through accurate predictions of geohazards.

4 Timeline Saudi Aramco internal initiative called Drilling Ahead of the Bit : 2013 Aramco wished to establish this as an SPE initiative Initial name proposed by the SPE: Drilling Performance Simulation and Prediction Technical Section (DPSP) This was approved by the SPE on 24 June DPSP was changed to the Drilling Uncertainty Prediction Technical Section on 3 April 2015 The First Drilling Ahead of the Bit Workshop held in Saudi Arabia at the end of April The workshop theme was The Intelligent Way to Mitigate Uncertainty

5 Update List of events with a DUPTS Presentations : SPE Mumbai Section, Mumbai, India, 28 July 2016 SPE Young Professionals, Villarhermosa, Mexico, 25 Nov 2016 SPE Mexico, CMP in Monterrey, Mexico, 9 June 2016 Special Events for DUPTS Drilling Ahead of the Bit Workshop, Saudi Arabia, 20 April 2015 DUPTS Special Session at ATCE, Dubai, 26 Sept 2016 Drilling Ahead of the Bit Workshop, Saudi Arabia, 23 April 2017 Other Events where the DUPTS was promoted : SPE - Mumbai Technical Meeting, Mumbai, 22 Aug 2014 SPE Drilling Window Prediction and Real-Time Management Getting it right the first time, Kuala Lumpur, May 2015 SPE - Intelligent Oil & Gas Abu Dhabi September 2015 SPE Oil & Gas India Conference and Exhibition, Mumbai, November 2015 SPE EAGE Geosteering and Well Placement Workshop, Dubai, 8-10 Feb 2016 SPE - Drilling Best Practices, Dubai, April 2016 ISCWSA (Well Placement Technical Section) Symposium 17 Mar 2017

6 Update Second Drilling Ahead of the Bit Workshop held in Saudi Arabia on 23 April 2017 Expected Attendees: 100 ; Actual Attendees 160 Presentations on: Application Of Artificial Intelligence In Drilling Operation, ROP And Fluid Rheology The Role of Machine Learning Methods in Drilling Uncertainty Prediction The Power of Big Data Technology for Drilling Uncertainty Prediction Drilling Advisory Solution Opening The Tap Broadband Telemetry Anatomy of errors, Taxonomy of uncertainty, and the Enigma of Drilling Prediction Ahead A break-out session was divided into six groups: Drilling Engineering, Drilling Operation Optimization, Drilling Automation, Drilling Analytics and Modelling, Impact of Subsurface Information and Wellbore Placement/Wellbore Trajectory.

7 Webinars Drilling Real-time Prediction Environment In Saudi Aramco, by Salem Gharbi, on 26 July 2016 Assessing and Improving Data Quality for more Effective Data Analytics, by David Johnson, on 14 Sept 2016 Automation: Kick Detection Solutions Example, by Dr. Abdullah Yami, on 30 Nov 2016 Drilling Optimization, Risk and Uncertainty Reduction, and Future Workforce Education Using Big Data Analysis, by Dr. Eric van Oort, on 22 Feb 2017 Your Data Streamlined. Faster. Easier. Trusted... And With Less Turbulence, by Ross Philo and Jay Hollingsworth, Energistics, 11 April 2017 Automated Real Time Prediction of the ECD and Drilling Window Ahead of the Bit; Not a Holy Grail Anymore!, by Rolv Rommetveit Phd and Ane Lothe PhD, 16 May 2017 Estimation of Risk Level Embedded in Drilling Operation Plans. By Eric Cayeux, on 15 June 2017

8 DUPTS Future Events July 2017 : Robello Samuel, title and date to be confirmed Summer workshop in Houston mid-2017 Joint DUPTS and DSATS Symposium before the ATCE San Antonio, October 2017 Possible Workshop at CMP 2018

9 DUPTS Membership to end 2016

10 DUPTS Membership to May 2017

11 Drilling Uncertainty and Non-Productive Time NPT is the time related to the interruption of the progression of a planned operation Caused by complex interactions between the drilling BHA and pipe, the fluids, the well geometry and the drilled environment (GeoHazards) Industry average c. 30% Added to the Well AFE in advance Invisible Lost Time (ILT) is related to drilling efficiency slow Trips, slow connections, poor choice of BHA and Bit ILT calculations require good quality drilling sensor data so that the Rig State can be accurately calculated

12 The Challenge of Reducing Non-Productive Time Uncertainty over Formation Type and Pore Pressure during the drilling process drilling blind Logging Sensors are Behind the Bit Poor Interoperability between the data stores of different Wellsite Contractors Lack of Prediction Ahead of the Bit without access to an Earth Model Limited or no Wellsite access to licensed Earth Model stores

13 Drilling Efficiency : ILT and NPT avoidance Optimum ROP Zones Benchmarks ILT Low Pressure Zone Boundary NPT!! ILT Geosteering Zone High Pressure Zone Boundary NPT!! ILT NPT!!

14 Open Standards : Energistics.org

15 RESQML Shared Earth Model + WITSML

16 Cone of Uncertainty

17 Prediction of NPT Risk Events

18 WITSML / RESQML

19 Lithology at the Bit by Machine Learning approach LWD Tools Seek knowledge of formation here?

20 Two models running together One model predicts the type of lithology from the LWD logs behind the bit One model predicts the type of lithology form the surface parameters. The prediction from the LWD logs feeds with the model and enables the prediction at the bit.

21 Society of Exploration Geophysicists Competition In this PoC, a machine learning approach was implemented to estimate the type of lithology at the bit. Classification models were employed with an integrated workflow obtained from facies classification project and formation curve project Feature engineering techniques improved prediction accuracy. Future Validating with more data. More variety of lithology type. Currently, we investigated only 4 types. Incorporate ROP models in feature engineering Estimate the recommended ROP for a predicted formation type to ensure drilling accuracy

22 Prediction of Lithology Type

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25 Speaker Bio : Jon Curtis Petrolink International Wireline Logging Engineer Petrolink > SPE Member since 1984 Oxford University, M.A. Metallurgy and Materials Sciences 25