International Association of Geodesy Symposia

Transcription

1 International Association of Geodesy Symposia F ernando Sanso, Series Editor Springer-Verlag Berlin Beideiberg GmbH

2 International Association ofgeodesy Symposia Fernando Sensa, Series Editor Symposium 101: Global and Regional Geodynamics Symposium 102: Global Positioning System: An Overview Symposium 103: Gravity, Gradiometry, and Gravimetry Symposium 104: Sea SurfaceTopography and the Geoid Symposium 105: Earth Rotation and Coordinate Reference Frames Symposium 106: Determination of the Geoid: Present and Future Symposium 107: Kinematic Systems in Geodesy, Surveying, and Remote Sensing Symposium 108: Application of Geodesy to Engineering Symposium 109: Permanent Satellite Tracking Networks for Geodesy and Geodynamics Symposium 110: From Mars to Greenland: Charting Gravity with Space and Airborne Instruments Symposium 111: Recent Geodetic and Gravimetric Research in Latin America Symposium 112: Geodesy and Physics of the Earth : Geodetic Contributions to Geodynamics Symposium 113: Gravity and Geoid Symposium 114: Geodetic Theory Today Symposium 115: GPS Trends in Precise Terrestrial, Airborne, and Spaceborne Applications Symposium 116: Global Gravity Field and 1st Temporal Variations Symposium 117: Gravity, Geoid and Marine Geodesy Symposium 118: Advances in Positioning and Reference Frames Symposium 119: Geodesy on the Move Symposium 120: Towards an Integrated Global Geodetic Observation System (IGGOS) Symposium 121: Geodesy Beyond 2000: The Challenges of the First Decade Symposium 122: IV Hotine-Marussi Symposium on Mathematical Geodesy Symposium 123: Gravity, Geoid and Geodynamics 2000 Symposium 124: Vertical Reference Systems Symposium 125:Vistas for Geodesy in the New Millennium Symposium 126: Satellite Altimetry for Geodesy, Geophysics and Oceanography

3 Satellite Altimetry for Geodesy, Geophysics and Oceanography Proceedings ofthe International Workshop on Satellite Altimetry, a joint workshop of lag Section III Special StudyGroup SSG3.186 and lag Section II, September 8-13, 2002, Wuhan, China Edited by Cheinway Hwang, C.K. Shum and Jiancheng Li Springer

4 Volume Editors Professor Cheinway Hwang Department of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300, Taiwan Professor Jiancheng Li School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan , China Professor C.K.Shum Geodetic Science The Ohio State University 2070 Neil Avenue Columbus, Ohio , USA Series Editor Prof. Dr. Fernando Sanso Polytechnic of Milan Department of Hydraulic, Environmental and Surveying Engineering Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Italy Additional material to this book can be downloaded from ISSN ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for Bibliographie information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in theinlernetat < This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. springeronline.com Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover Ist edition 2004 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific Statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant proteelive laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about the application of operative techniques and medications contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Camera ready by Editors Cover design: design & production GmbH, Heidelberg Printedon acid-free paper 32/3130/as

5 PREFACE The "International Workshop on Satellite Altimetry for Geodesy, Geophysics and Oceanography: Summer Lecture Series and Scientific Applications" was held in Wuhan, China from September 8 to 13, 2002 (http ://space.cv.nctu.edu.tw/altimetryworkshop/altimetry.htm).this is a joint workshop of International Association of Geodesy (lag) Special Study Group (SSG) (chaired by C. Hwang of National Chiao Tung University) and lag Section II (President: C. K. Shum of the Ohio State University), and was hosted by Wuhan University with J. C. Li as the chair of the local organizing committee. The scientific program was organized by the Scientific Committee chaired by C. Hwang. The objectives of the Workshop include offering lectures on various subjects of satellite altimetry for beginners and for advanced researchers, and to provide a forum for presentations and discussions of contemporary results in altimetric research. A total of 60 abstracts were received and 65 people participated in this workshop. These participants are from Austria (2), Australia (1), Canada (1), China (26), Czech Republic (1), Denmark (2), France (1), Germany (2), Italy (2), Japan (1), Korean (2), Netherlands (2), Taiwan (13), UK (1), and USA (7). On September 9 and 10, 2002, the following five three-hours lectures were delivered: Lecture 1: Principles of satellite altimetry and application to sea level change studies, by C. K. Shum, Ohio State University, USA Lecture 2: Ocean tide modeling with altimetry and geodetic applications, by Kato Matsumoto, National Astronomical Observatory, Japan Lecture 3: Marine gravity and geoid from multi-satellite altimetry and applications, O.B. Andersen, National Survey and Cadastre, Denmark Lecture 4: Altimeter waveform retracking for land/ocean use, by P. Berry, De Montfort University, UK Lecture 5: Bathymetry estimation from altimetry, by D. T. Sandwell, Scripps Inst. of Oceanography, USA On September 11-13, 8 scientific Sessions were held, including G1 (chaired by C. Zhao), G2 (W. Bosch), G3 (E. L. Mathers), G01 (H. Schuh), G02 (J. Klokocnik), G03 (C. Hwang), 01 (C. Zuffada) and 02 (H. Z. Xu). A total of 37 papers were presented. During these sessions, three keynote speeches were delivered: Speech 1: Geodetic application ofsatellite altimetry W. Bosch, DGFI, Germany Speech 2: Present-day sea level change: Observations from satellite altimetry and tide gauge, by A. Cazenave Speech 3: Advances in ocean dynamics from satellite altimetry, by L.L. Fu This proceedings volume contains 30 peer reviewed papers and 3 keynote speeches. We thank all the reviewers for their hard work. Because of concern of anonymity, their names are not shown here. We acknowledge the careful copy editing work ofthe volume conducted by S. Y.Yang, Y. S. Hsiao, H.Y. Hsu, Y.S. Lee, C. C. Lu and S.C.

6 Hsu and S. C. Shih ofnctu. We thank the following sponsors for their financial supports: International Association ofgeodesy (lag) National Natural Science Foundation ofchina (NSFC) Wuhan University National Chiao Tung University Asia GIS & GPS Co., Ltd. National Center for Ocean Research (NCOR), Taiwan China Engineering Consultants, Inc. Chung-Hsing Surveying Co., Ltd. Huanyu Surveying Engineering Consultants, Ltd. Real-World Engineering Consultants, Inc. Cheinway Hwang, Hsinchu C. K. Shum, Columbus J. C. Li, Wuhan VI

7 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface V Table ofcontents VII List ofcolor figures XI Author index 279 Keynote Speeches 1 Geodetic Applications of Satellite Altimetry.3 W. Bosch Present-day Sea Level Rise : from Satellite and in Situ Observations.23 to Physical Causes ACazenave Advances in Large-scale Ocean Dynamics from a Decade of Satellite 33 Altimetric Measurement ofocean Surface Topography LLFu Geodetic Applications 39 Calibration Results ofgfo 41 Changyin Zhao, C. K. Shum and Yuchan Yi Determination of'so' x 30' Marine Gravity Anomalies from Multisatellite.47 Altimetry Zhang Ruihua, Shi Pan, Peng Fuqing, Xia Zheren and Liu Guangming Recovering Deflections ofvertical from Tangent Plane ofgridded 53 Geoidal Heights from Altimetry Lifeng Bao, Yang Lu Marine Gravity Anomaly from Satellite Altimetry: a Comparison ofmethods.59 over Shallow Waters Cheinway Hwang and Hsin-Ying Hsu Enhanced Free-air Gravity Anomalies by Satellite Radar Altimetry 67 Jeong Woo Kim, Daniel R. Roman, Ralph R.B. von Frese, Topex Altimetric Mean Sea Level and Gravimetric Geoid 73 in the North ofalgeria S. Kahlouche, A. Rami, and S.A Benahmed Daho

8 A Modified Method for Recovering Bathymetry from Altimeter Data 83 Zhai Guojun, Huang Motao, Ouyang Yongzhong, Bian Shaofeng, Liu Yanchun and Liu Chuanyong Absolute Calibration ofthe ERS-2 Altimeter using UK Tide Gauges 91 X. Dong, C. Huang, P. Woodworth, P. Moore and R. Bingley An Intercomparison ofparametric Models ofsea State Bias for the 99 TOPEX,Poseidon and Jason-1 Altimeters E.L. Mathers Determination of Global Mean Sea Surface Using Multi-satellite Altimetric 109 Data Jiang Weiping, Li Jiancheng and Wang Zhengtao Pseudo-Harmonic Representation ofgravity Field over South China Sea 115 Yang Lu, and Hou-Tse Hsu Geophysical and Oceanographic Applications 121 Investigation ofhydrological and Atmospheric Loading 123 by Space Geodetic Techniques H. Schuh, G. Estermann, J.-F. Cretaux, M. Berge-Nguyen, and T. van Dam Joint Application ofaltimeter Data and EGM96 to Submarine Tectonic and 133 Geodynamic Study in West Pacific Gao Jinyao, and Jin Xianglong Bathymetry and Crustal Thickness Variations from Gravity Inversion 143 and Flexural Isostasy. Carla Braitenberg, Elena Pagot, Yong Wang and Jian Fang Comparisons ofthree Inversion Approaches for Recovering 151 Gravity Anomalies From Altimeter Data Huang Motao, Zhai Guojun, Bian Shaofeng, Ouyang Yongzhong,Liu Yanchun and Liu Chuanyong Accuracy Assessment of Gravity Field Models by Independent Satellite 161 Crossover Altimetry J. Klokocnik, C.A. Wagner, J. Kostelecky and CH. FORSTE Low Frequency Change ofsea Level in the North Atlantic Ocean as 167 Observed with Satellite Altimetry Denis L. Volkov and Hendrik M. van Aken VIII

9 Application ofsatellite Remote Sensing on the Tuna Fishery ofeastern 175 Tropical Pacific Cho-Teng Liu, Ching-Hsi Nan, Chung-Ru Ho, Nan-Jung Kuo and Ming-Kuang Hsu and Ruo-Shan Tseng The Kinematics ofmesoscale Eddies from TOPEXIPOSEIDON Altimetry 183 over the Subtropical Counter Current Cheinway Hwang, Ricky Kao and Chau-Ron Wu Oceanographic applications 191 Oceanography with GPS 193 Cinzia Zuffada, Stephen Lowe, Yi Chao and Robert Treuhaft Geostrophic Uncertainty and Anomalous Current Structure in Association 205 with Mesoscale Eddies Delineated by Altimeter Observations East oftaiwan Y. Yang, C. T. Liu, T. N. Lee and W. E. Johns Current Variability over the Scotian Slope in the 1990s.213 Guoqi Han Determinationof Sea Level Height Variation by Dynamics Crossover Adjustment Luying Cheng, and Hou-tse Hsu, Extreme Southern Ocean Tide Modeling.225 Yuchan Yi and C.K. Shum, Ole Andersen and Per Knudsen The M 4 Shallow Water Tidal Constituent From Altimetry and Tide Gauges 231 Ole B. Andersen Harmonic Tidal Analysis Along TIP Tracks in China Seas and Vicinity 237 Jingyng Bao, Dingbo Chao, Jinping Zhao, Qi Wang and Yanchun Liu. Analysis oftemporal Sea Level Variation in the Barents and the White Seas 243 from Altimetry, Tide Gauges and Hydrodynamic Simulation S.A. Lebedev, OJ. Zilberstein, S.K. Popov and O.V. Tikhonova The Envisat Radar Altimeter System 251 J. Benveniste, M.P. Milagro-Perez, M. Roca and G. Levrini Absolute Comparison ofsatellite Altimetry and Tide Gauge Registrations 261 in Venezuela Gustavo Acuna and Wolfgang Bosch IX

10 Sea Level Changes Detected by Using Satellite Altimeter Data and Comparing 271 with Tide Gauge Records in China Sea Zhengtao Wang, Jiancheng Li, Jianguo Hu and Dingbo Chao x

11 Keynote speeches LIST OF COLOR FIGURES Geodetic Applications of Satellite Altimetry w.bosch Fig. 1 4 Fig. 2 4 Fig. 3 4 Fig. 4 4 Fig. 5 5 Fig. 6 7 Fig. 7 7 Fig. 9 8 Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Present-day Sea Level Rise: from Satellite and in Situ Observations to Physical Causes ACazenave Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Advances in Large-scale Ocean Dynamics from a Decade ofsatellite Altimetric Measurement ofocean Surface Topography LLFu Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig. 5 36

12 Fig Fig Geodetic applications Calibration Results of GFO Changyin Zhao, C. K. Shum and Yuchan Yi Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Determination of 30' x 30' Marine Gravity Anomalies from Multi satellite Altimetry Zhang Ruihua, Shi Pan, Peng Fuqing, Xia Zheren and Liu Guangming Recovering Deflections ofvertical from Tangent Plane ofgridded Geoidal Heights from Altimetry Lifeng Bao, Yang Lu Marine Gravity Anomaly from Satellite Altimetry: a Comparison ofmethods over Shallow Waters Cheinway Hwang and Hsin-Ying Hsu Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Enhanced Free-air Gravity Anomalies by Satellite RadarAltimetry Jeong Woo Kim, Daniel R. Roman, Ralph R.B. von Frese, Topex Altimetric Mean Sea Level and Gravimetric Geoid in the North ofalgeria S. Kahlouche, A. Rami, and S.A Benahmed Daho Fig Fig Fig Fig XII

13 Fig Fig Fig A Modified Method for Recovering Bathymetry from Altimeter Data Zhai Guojun, Huang Motao, Ouyang Yongzhong, Bian Shaofeng, Liu Yanchun and Liu Chuanyong Absolute Calibration ofthe ERS-2 Altimeter using UK Tide Gauges X. Dong, C. Huang, P. Woodworth, P. Moore and R. Bingley Fig An Intercomparison ofparametric Models ofsea State Bias for the TOPEX, Poseidon and Jason-l altimeters E.L. Mathers Determination ofglobal Mean Sea Surface using Multi-satellite Altimetric Data Jiang Weiping, Li Jiancheng and Wang Zhengtao Pseudo-harmonic Representation ofgravity Field over South China Sea Yang Lu, and Hou-Tse Hsu Geophysical and oceanographic applications Investigation of Hydrological and Atmospheric Loading by Space Geodetic Techniques H. Schuh, G Estermann, J.-F. Cretaux, M. Berge-Nguyen, and T. van Dam Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Joint Application ofaltimeter Data and EGM96 to Submarine Tectonic and Geodynamic Study in West Pacific Gao Jinyao, and Jin Xianglong Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig XIII

14 Fig Fig Fig Fig Bathymetry and Crustal Thickness Variations from Gravity Inversion and Flexural Isostasy Carla Braitenberg, Elena Pagot, Yong Wang and Jian Fang Fig Fig Fig Fig Comparisons ofthree Inversion Approaches for Recovering Gravity Anomalies From Altimeter Data Huang Motao, Zhai Guojun, Bian Shaofeng, Ouyang Yongzhong,Liu Yanchun and Liu Chuanyong Accuracy Assessment ofgravity Field Models by Independent Satellite Crossover Altimetry J. Klokocnik, C.A. Wagner, J. Kostelecky and CH. FORSTE Fig Fig. 2a 164 Fig. 2b 164 Fig. 2c 165 Low Frequency Change ofsea Level in the North Atlantic Ocean as Observed with Satellite Altimetry Denis L. Volkov and Hendrik M. van Aken Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Application ofsatellite Remote Sensing on the Tuna Fishery ofeastern Tropical Pacific Cho-Teng Liu, Ching-Hsi Nan, Chung-Ru Ho, Nan-Jung Kuo and Ming-Kuang Hsu and Ruo-Shan Tseng Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig XIV

15 Fig. 8a 179 Fig. 8b 179 Fig The Kinematics ofmesoscale Eddies from TOPEXIPOSEIDON Altimetry over the Subtropical Counter Current Cheinway Hwang, Ricky Kao and Chau-Ron Wu Fig Fig Oceanographic applications Oceanography with GPS Cinzia Zuffada, Stephen Lowe, Yi Chao and Robert Treuhaft Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Geostrophic Uncertainty and Anomalous Current Structure in Association with Mesoscale Eddies Delineated by Altimeter Observations East oftaiwan Y. Yang, C. T. Liu, T. N. Lee and W. E. Johns Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Current Variability over the Scotian Slope in the 1990s Guoqi Han Fig Fig Fig xv

16 Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Determination ofsea Level Height Variation by Dynamics Crossover Adjustment Luying Cheng, and Hou-tse Hsu, Extreme Southern Ocean Tide Modeling Yuchan Yi and C.K. Shum, Ole Andersen and Per Knudsen Fig The M 4 Shallow Water Tidal Constituent From Altimetry and Tide Gauges Ole B. Andersen Fig Fig Harmonic Tidal Analysis Along TIP Tracks in China Seas and Vicinity Jingyng Bao, Dingbo Chao, Jinping Zhao, Qi Wang and Yanchun Liu. Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Analysis oftemporal Sea Level Variation in the Barents and the White Seas from Altimetry, Tide Gauges and Hydrodynamic Simulation S.A. Lebedev, 0.1. Zilberstein, S.K. Popov and o.v. Tikhonova The Envisat Radar Altimeter System J. Benveniste, M.P. Milagro-Perez, M. Roca and G. Levrini Fig Fig Fig XVI

17 Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Absolute Comparison of Satellite Altimetry and Tide Gauge Registrations in Venezuela Gustavo Acuna and Wolfgang Bosch Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Sea Level Changes Detected by using Satellite Altimeter Data and Comparing with Tide Gauge Records in China Sea Zhengtao Wang, Jiancheng Li, Jianguo Hu and Dingbo Chao Fig XVII