ZTCM. THE APPLICATION OF MULTI-DESTINATION ZTCM TO EVALUATING THE RECREATIONAL VALUES OF TOURISM RESOURCES A Case Study of Jiayuguan City
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1 : (2009) ZTCM 1,2, 1, 1, 1 1, (1., ;2., ) THE APPLICATION OF MULTI-DESTINATION ZTCM TO EVALUATING THE RECREATIONAL VALUES OF TOURISM RESOURCES A Case Study of Jiayuguan City ZHENG Fang 1,2, HOU Ying 1, WANG Nai-ang 1, ZHANG Chun-hui 1, HUANG Yin-zhou 1 (1.School of Resources and Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou , China; 2.Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing , China) Abstract: In recent years, the research on the Recreational Value of tourism resources is becoming one of the important topics. This paper, first, introduces 3 fundamental tourism cost models for evaluating recreational values of tourism resources, including ITCM (individual tourism cost method), ZTCM (zonal tourism cost method)and RUM (random utility model), and compares them with each other. The paper argues that ZTCM, related to generating zone subdividing, is suitable for the destination over where tourists from distant areas are in a large proportion and travel times vary little. Then, taking Jiayuguan city, a small site on the "silk road" itinerary, as a case study, the paper holds that ZTCM is the optimum method and MDT(Multi-destination Trip) must be taken into special consideration because more than 60% of the tourists here are from far distances, regarding Jiayuguan as a second destination or pass-through destination. So a new method named Multi-destination ZTCM is proposed and the evaluating process of Multi-destination ZTCM is explained. The paper divides the generating areas of Jiayuguan into 39 parts, and evaluates the resource value according to the admission fees and characteristics. Compared with the different numbers between admission fee earnings and resident's consumption in 2006, the paper believes that Jiayuguan has great potential in tourism exploitation. Finally, the validity and significance of this assessment method are discussed. Since domestic tourism is now increasingly developing, most tourists will choose long-term itinerary or long- haul travel. For the destinations in long-term itinerary, Multi-destination problems must be considered. The method of the paper is theoretically and practically innovated, offering references for future studies on the settlement of the Multi-destination problems. Key words: multi-destination; ZTCM; valuation; Jiayuguan : (TCM) ,, , ,, , ZTCM,,, 39 ZTCM 11, : ; ZTCM; ; : F590 : A, : : zhengfang05@lzu.cn : ; : HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Vol.24.No /
2 124 HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Vol.24.No /2
3 ZTCM HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Vol.24.No /
4 1 Tab.1 Distribution of Origins for Jiayuguan`s Tourists 126 HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Vol.24.No /2
5 ZTCM 3 Tab.3 Travel Time of the PTDs HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Vol.24.No /
6 2006 [M]. Mimeographed. Washington, D C: Land and Recreational Planning Division, National Park Service, [2] M Clawson, J L Knestch. Economics of Outdoor Recreation [M]. 6 ( ) Washington:Johns Hopkins University Press for Resources for the Tab.6 Recreational Values of Different PTDs ( 104RMB) Future, [3] Ana Bedate, Luis C és ar Herrero, Jos éán gel Sanz. Economic valuation of the cultural heritage: application to four case studies in Spain [J]. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2004,5(1) [4] Loomis J B,Walsh R G. Recreation Economic Decisions: Comparing Benefits and Costs, 2nd ed Inc, [M]. Pennsylvania.Venture Publishing, 5 TCM [J]., 2004,19(5): ZTCM [8] Christopher Todd Bastian. Using Random Utility Models to Incorporate Substitution When Estimating Economic Values and Impacts Of Closing a Unique Recreation Site: The Case Of Snowmobiling In Yellowstone[D].Colorado State University, [9] Timo Kuosmanen, Eleonora Nillesen and Justus Wesseler. Does ignoring multidestination trips in the travel cost method cause a systematic bias [J].The Australian Journal of Agricultural and 1 ZTCM Resource Economics, 2003,48(4): [10]Mendelsohn R,Hof J,Peterson G,Johnson R. Measuring recreation values with multiple destination trips [J].American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1992,74: [11]Haspel A E,Johnson F R. Multiple destination trip bias in recreation 2 benefit estimation [J].Land Economics, 1982, 58(3): [12]Loomis J B, Yorizane S, Larson D. Testing significance of multidestination and multi-purpose trips effects in a travel cost method 3 ZTCM GIS demand model for whale watching trips[j].agricultural and Resource 4 Economics Review, 2000, 29(12): [13]Nillesen E,Wesseler J,Cook A. Correcting for multiple destination [1] Hotelling H. Letter of June 18, 1947, to Newton B. Drury. Included in the report The Economics of Public Recreation: An Economic Study of the Monetary Evaluation of Recreation in the National Parks,1949 [5] Nicola Lansdell, Lata Gangadharan. Comparing Travel Cost Models and The Precision Of Their Consumer Surplus Estimates: Albert Park and Maroondah Reservoir [J].Australian Economic Papers, 2001,42 (4): [6] Parsons G R. The Travel cost method [A]. In : Champ P. et al. A Primer on Non-market Valuation [C]. Holland: Kluwer Academic Publisher. 2003, [7],. TCM trips in recreational use values using a mean-value approach [R]. Wageningen, the Netherlands, Social Science Department, Wageningen University, HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Vol.24.No /2
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